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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
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Drinking water quality analysis after 22 deaths in LaeMaromas, North Sumatera Maruli Pandjaitan,, Abraham Simatupang, Seruni Kusuma Udyaningsih Freisleben,; Hans-Joachim Freisleben, Christel Westerhausen,
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 46, No 04 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (102.022 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004604201406

Abstract

The case of 22 deaths in LaeMaromas, North Sumatera suspected due to water contamination bynearby metal mining was brought by local citizens to the Church-supported non-governmentalorganization (NGO) Persekutuan Diakonia Pelangi Kasih (PDPK). The patients’ clinical symptomswere fever, shivering, shaking chills, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and vomiting. In June 2011, ateam from the District Health Department analysed the drinking water quality, especiallymicrobiological contamination. Members of PDPK asked the German-Indonesian MedicalAssociation to conduct a second complete water analysis with focus on heavy metal content.Six water samples from four different wells in LaeMaromas and two from Sopokomil and Bongkaraswere analysed according to international water quality standards. Taste, odour, colour, and turbiditywere determined by organoleptic and photometric methods. Temperature and pH were measuredwith a calibrated thermometer and pH-meter. Total dissolved solids were determined gravimetrically,hardness as CaCO3 content. Inorganic anions and nitrogen compounds were measured by titration.Contamination with Eschericia coli and coliform bacteria, organic compounds and detergents wasdetermined according to standard methods. Heavy metals were measured by atomic absorptionspectroscopy. The pH of the water (4.5-6.5) was below standard (6.5-8.5). Heavy metals werewithin the allowed concentrations. All samples from LaeMaromas contained high counts coliformbacteria /E. coli with a peak of 1600 counts/100 mL and high organic compound level of 63 mg/Lin LaeMaromas III. Most probably, the 22 deaths were caused by drinking water contamination withcoliform bacteria rather than by heavy metals or other chemicals.
Correlation between leptin level with lipid profile and free fatty acid in liver cirrhosis patients Maryani, Siti; Ratnasari, Neneng; Nurdjanah, Siti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 46, No 03 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (123.354 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004603201404

Abstract

Malnutrition is a common condition in liver cirrhotic patients. Leptin regulates body weightphysiologically by suppressing appetite and increasing energy expenditure. Leptin is higher in femalethan male. Studies have shown correlation between leptin with metabolic factors like body massindex (BMI) and lipid profile in cirrhotic patients. This study was conducted to investigate thecorrelation between serum leptin levels with lipid profile and free fatty acid in male patients with livercirrhosis. This was a cross sectional study that conducted at Gastroentero-Hepatology Clinic andInternal Ward at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. The inclusion criteria were patients withliver cirrhosis > 18 years old, male, with Child-Pugh classification B and C, and provided informedconsent. The exclusion criteria were liver cirrhotic patients with comorbidity chronic kidney disease,chronic heart failure, diabetic, cancer, infection/septic, pregnancy, breast feeding, and steroid use.Data collecting was performed by anamnesis, physical examination, abdominal ultrasonographyexamination, and blood chemistry test. Pearson test was used to evaluate the correlation betweenthe serum leptin level with the lipid profile and free fatty acid. The results showed that no significantnegative correlation was observed between the serum leptin level with the total cholesterol (r= -0.052; p=0.766), high-density lipoprotein/HDL (r= -0.078; p=0.658) and triglyceride (r= -0.170; p=0.328) in male patients with liver cirrhosis. Furthermore, no significant positive correlationwas observed between the serum leptin levels with the low-density lipoprotein/LDL (r= -0.013; p=0.942) and free fatty acid/FFA (r= 0.007; p=0.968). In conclusion, there was no correlationbetween serum leptin levels with lipid profile and FFA in male patients with liver cirrhosis.
The effect of active compound isolated from the leaves of kembang bulan [Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray] on cell cycle and angiogenesis of WiDr cell line Mardihusodo, Hajid Rahmadianto; Hartati Wahyuningsih, Mae Sri; Astuti, Indwiani
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 03 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (908.662 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004503201301

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the tenth most common form of malignant tumor of hospital inpatients inIndonesia. Advance approaches in anticancer development is discovery molecular-targeted drugs.Molecular targets for anticancer drug have been identified including genes associated with cellcycle control and angiogenesis. Previously, an active and selective compound against WiDr fromTithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. has been isolated. The aim of this study was to evaluate theeffect of the isolated active compound fromT. diversifolia on the WiDr cell cycle and angiogenesis.Isolation of the active compound was performed by preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC)method. WiDr cell cycle was analyzed by flowcytometry using propidium iodide (PI).Antiangiogenesis effect was evaluated by immunocytochemistry method using anti-human VEGFmonoclonal antibody. The results showed that the effect of the isolated active compound onthe WiDr cell cycle depended on the concentration and the incubation time periods. Atconcentration of 4 μg/mL, it inhibited the WiDr cell cycle SubG1 phase after 36 and 48 hoursincubation and G1 phase after 72 hours incubation. While at concentration of 8 μg/mL, it clearlyinhibited the WiDr cell cycle G1 phase after 36, 48 and 72 hours incubation. Furthermore, theisolated active compound at concentration of 4 μg/mL significantly inhibited the VEGF expressionuntil 47.38% compared to control. In conclusion, the isolated active compound fromT. diversifoliainhibited cell cycle and angiogenesis of WiDr cell.
Secondary acute myeloblastic leukemia after adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy in breast cancer: A case report Hardianti, Mardiah Suci; Kurnianda, Johan; Taroeno-Hariadi, Kartika Widayati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 46, No 03 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (131.544 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004603201405

Abstract

A rising number of long-term survivors and potential long-term outcome related to the treatment isone of the most important issue due to the advances of management in cancer. The development ofsecondary malignancy has been reported in a number of cohorts. We present a case of breast cancerpatient developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML)- M5 within a relatively short interval of two and ahalf years from her primary treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy with 4 cycles of doxorubicin andcyclophosphamide, followed by 4 cycles of three weekly paclitaxel (AC-T) and radiotherapy. Whatcould be attributed to the occurrence of secondary leukemia in this patient will be discussed.
The role of clinical pathway on the outcomes of ischemic stroke patients at Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta Rizaldy Pinzon, Francisca Diana Alexandra, Iwan Dwiprahasto,
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 02 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1654.3 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004502201302

Abstract

Stroke becomes world health problem all over the world because it is the causal factor of high mortality and disability. Good and well-organized process of healthcare service will improve the outcome of the patients with stroke. Clinical pathway may be used as clear standard to help reduce unnecessary variations of medical treatment and measure. The study aimed at finding out the correlation between the use of clinical pathway and the outcome of the patients with ischemic stroke in Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta. It was an observational and analytic study with cohort restorative study design. The author compared the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke between the group with clinical pathway and the group without the clinical pathway. Data was collected using consecutive sampling from the electronic registry and medical record data of the patients from January 1st, 2011 to December 31st, 2011. It was conducted to 124 patients with ischemic stroke assigned to two groups (the first groups of 62 patients with clinical pathway and the second groups of 62 patients without clinical pathway). The basic characteristics of the two groups were the same. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant decrease in the incidence of complication and a significant increase in the use of antiplatelete drugs, antidiabetic drugs and statin as secondary preventive measure of the recurrent stroke. There was not any significant difference in the duration of the hospitalized healthcare, the financing and the mortality between the two observation groups. The study indicated that the use of the clinical pathway in the stroke treatment improved the outcome of the patients with stroke. It was necessary to conduct further study to evaluate the effectiveness of the clinical pathway in improving the outcome of the patients with bigger number of the subjects and the longer period of time.
Universitas Polemologi dan Perang Terakhir T. Jacob T. Jacob
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 16, No 02 (1984)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

This article discusses the problem of war among men which at present in the form of nuclear warfare constitutes the greatest threat against humanity and the human ecosystem. In the present state of evolution of the arms race $25 000 per second is spent for manufacturing weapons and four tons of TNT per capita arc available in the world arsenal for everybody. The cost to kill a human being has been increasing steadily, and wars have been taking more and more victims, with larger proportions of civilians. Natural scientists and engineers are more involved in the research and development of weaponry, and consequently, less funds arid manpower are allocated in the social and welfare sectors.It seems strange that the awareness of nuclear threat, which is real and immediate, is very low in the Third World; however. the International Association of University Presidents had successfully adopted the proposal for the International Day of Peace in its Congress in Costa Rica, and the first President of Gadjah Mada University since the 1950s had called attention towards studies and social innovation for the purpose of world peace.The nuclear arms race, which is more likely to precipitate a nuclear war, and which has taken victims though it has not yet become a reality, in the form of less social expenditures, its psychological influence on the young generation living continuously under a nuclear threat, and itspotential danger against the global ecosystem and human existence, altogether pales the destruction of Hiroshima by Little Boy.More important is the impotence of medical measures in case of a nuclear war, so that the one and only step to be taken is prevention. In this connection we observed the growing world movements against nuclear war which include more non-political groups without ideological affiliation.Actions that could be taken by a university in the Third World is limhed to conducting studies on human aggression and conflict resolution, teaching the etiology of war and the preservation of peace. and scientific ethics both in the hard and the soft sciences, and creating public awareness that a nuclear war is far different than a conventional one, in scale as well as in impact. In addition, Key Words: peace studies — nuclear war -- scientific ethics — arms race — Hiroshimaefforts for the prevention of nuclear war in the developed countries should be sThis article discusses the problem of war among men which at present in the form of nuclear warfare constitutes the greatest threat against humanity and the human ecosystem. In the present state of evolution of the arms race $25 000 per second is spent for manufacturing weapons and four tons of TNT per capita arc available in the world arsenal for everybody. The cost to kill a human being has been increasing steadily, and wars have been taking more and more victims, with larger proportions of civilians. Natural scientists and engineers are more involved in the research and development of weaponry, and consequently, less funds arid manpower are allocated in the social and welfare sectors.It seems strange that the awareness of nuclear threat, which is real and immediate, is very low in the Third World; however. the International Association of University Presidents had successfully adopted the proposal for the International Day of Peace in its Congress in Costa Rica, and the first President of Gadjah Mada University since the 1950s had called attention towards studies and social innovation for the purpose of world peace.The nuclear arms race, which is more likely to precipitate a nuclear war, and which has taken victims though it has not yet become a reality, in the form of less social expenditures, its psychological influence on the young generation living continuously under a nuclear threat, and itspotential danger against the global ecosystem and human existence, altogether pales the destruction of Hiroshima by Little Boy.More important is the impotence of medical measures in case of a nuclear war, so that the one and only step to be taken is prevention. In this connection we observed the growing world movements against nuclear war which include more non-political groups without ideological affiliation.Actions that could be taken by a university in the Third World is limhed to conducting studies on human aggression and conflict resolution, teaching the etiology of war and the preservation of peace. and scientific ethics both in the hard and the soft sciences, and creating public awareness that a nuclear war is far different than a conventional one, in scale as well as in impact. In addition, Key Words: peace studies — nuclear war -- scientific ethics — arms race — Hiroshimaefforts for the prevention of nuclear war in the developed countries should be supported, and solidarity among men should be intensified for further cultural emancipation.upported, and solidarity among men should be intensified for further cultural emancipation.Key Words: peace studies - nuclear war - scintific ethics - arms race - hiroshima
Bioanthropologi dan Kemiskinan T. Jacob T. Jacob
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 8, No 02 (1976)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Bioanthropologi atau anthropologi biologis (yang lebih kita kenal dengan nama anthropologi ragawi) menaruh mina[ pada variasi biologis populasi manusia dan sebab-musababnya. Pada urnumnya yang dipelajari adalah populasi yang sehat, tetapi, dengan sengaja atau tidak, telah dipelajari pula populasi-populasi dalam berbagai tingkat kesehatan, termasuk sisa-sisa populasi masa lampau; ditinjau dari sudut sekarang, tentu saja populasi yang sudah punah atau mati tidak memiliki kesehatan, tetapi waktu meninggalnya dulu, is juga berada dalam berbagai tingkat kesehatan.Kemiskinan adalah ketiadaan sesuatu di bawah tingkat tertentu, di bawah garis kemiskinan, terutama dari segi ekonomis, jadi tiadanya harta. Sebagian besar penduduk dunia tergolong miskin, mungkin dua pertiganya. Kemiskinan itu kita ketahui berpengaruh dalam aspek-aspek sosial, budaya dan biologis. Oleh karena itu tidak mengherankan kalau persoalan kemiskinan ini menarik perhatian bioanthropologi pula; banyak penelitian bioanthropologi, sengaja atau tidak, menyelidiki populasi yang miskin.Sepintas ialu kemiskinan sekarang kelihatan ada hubungannya dengan geografi (negeri-negeri selatan, negeri-negeri tropis), ras (Negroid, Monggoloid) dan pedesaan (populasi rural). Kalau ditinjau lebih mendalam, hubunganhubungan itu ternyata lebih komplex. Dalam sejarah manusia kemiskinan pernah terdapat di mana-mana dan kiranya masih akan terdapat juga hingga masa depan yang jauh.
Sperm motility in chronic bacterial prostatitis Dicky Moch Rizal Dicky Moch Rizal
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 2 (2003)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Male infertility is 40% couples' problem in conceiving a child. One of the causes of male infertility that has not studied yet is chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP). CBP can decrease sperm motility that affects potency of sperm in fertilizing the oocyte. Another effect of CBP is leucospermia as the unique phenomenon in male accessory gland infection (MAGI).Objectives: To describe and to obtain the relation between sperm motility in CBP and the other prostate dysfunction that is not included to CBP (non CBP).Methods: This study was analytic descriptive non experimental study. The-subjects were person having suffered from prostate dysfunction, including CBP and non CBP, in Infertility Clinic Permata Hati of DR. Sardjito hospital. Data were taken from expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) analyses and seminal fluid analyses from May 2001 until June 2002 (56 data), Variable that observed from seminal fluid analyses were sperm motility and leucocyte count per milliliter. Determination of the CBP case was based on leucocyte count per high power field (HPF) and the other characteristics (i.e : clumping leucocytes and lipid laden macrophage) of EPS analyses. Data was analyzed by descriptive frequency to show the distribution of sperm motility and leucospermia. Beside to notice the relation between prostate dysfunction and sperm motility, Chi-Square test was used to notice the relation between prostate dysfunction and leucospermia as well.Results: As much as 76.7% patients with CBP had sperm motility disruption in progressive linear and linear movement. Fifty percents patients with prostate dysfunction had sperm motility disruption in progressive linear and linear movement. Mean of sperm motility With progressive linear movement in CBP and prostate dysfunction non CBP were 18.65% and 22.58%. Mean of sperm motility with linear movement in CBP and prostate dysfunction non CBP were 38.79% and 46.83%. From the Chi-Square test we obtained the significant difference between sperm motility with progressive linear and linear movement of the sperm and prostate dysfunction. -Conclusions: Over a half of patients (76.7%) with CBP suffered from decreased sperm motility. CBP affected sperm motility.Key words: male infertility, sperm motility, chronic bacterial prostatitis, semen analysis, expressed prostatic secretion (EPS)
Toxicity study of Zingiber officinale volatile oil as antifilariasis in mice and rats Budi Mulyaningsih Budi Mulyaningsih
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 02 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: The volatile oil of Zingiber officinale has been reported effective to reduce microfilariae in Fells catus, L. According to the fact, there is chance that the volatile oil can be developed for treatment of filariasis in man. Before that idea can be realized some toxicity studies of Zingiber officinale should have to be done. Objective: This study was designed to know the potency of the acute and chronic toxicity in rodent. Methods: Acute toxicity study was perfomed in mice and rat as experimental animal and subchronic toxicity study was done only in mice. This study was done in standard methods.Results: The LD 50 value (mean ± SD) of Zingiber officinale volatile oil in mice was 8.051 ± 1.254 ml/Kg BW., while in rat the value was 12.99 ± 1.021 ml/Kg BW. Routine hematology analysis showed that no significant difference between the control and the experimental groups.Conclusion: The mechanism responsible in the death of the experimental animal in this toxicity study, seems to be the ability of the volatile oil to produce contraction of the smooth muscle especially in the airway system (trachea).Key words : microfilariae - filariasis - acute toxicity - Fells catus - chronic toxicity.
The genetics of diabetes mellitus Ahmad H. Asdie Ahmad H. Asdie
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 22, No 02 (1990)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (409.758 KB)

Abstract

It is now clear that diabetes mellitus is not a disease in classical sense but is a genetically heterogeneous group of disorders which share glucose intolerance in common. Genetic heterogeneity, the concept that diabetes can have many different causes, was first suggested by the existence of rare genetic syndromes with diabetes, ethnic differences of clinical features, and genetic heterogeneity in animal models.This paper describes the background for genetic heterogeneity of diabetes mellitus which has major implications for the research and care of diabetic patients since the precise etiology, risk of complications and genetic counselling are likely to vary among these different disorder that result in diabetes.Key Words: diabetes mellitus - genetic heterogeneity - mode of inheritance - genetic counselling - antoinunune process

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