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Insignia: Journal of International Relations
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 20891962     EISSN : 25979868     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
Arts Humanities
Insignia Journal of International Relations is published biannually (April & November) by Laboratorium of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University. This journal contains articles or publications from all issues of International Relations such as: International Politics, Foreign Policy, Security Studies, International Political Economy, Transnational Studies, Area Studies & Non-traditional Issues.
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Articles 4 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 12 No 2 (2025): November 2025" : 4 Documents clear
Sushi Diplomacy as an Instrument of Gastrodiplomacy Implications for Japan’s Public Diplomacy and National Identity Setiawan, Roy; Purnomo, Muhammad Aditya; Nihayati, Arina
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 12 No 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2025.12.2.15555

Abstract

This study examines the strategic use of sushi as a central instrument in Japan’s gastrodiplomacy, aiming to enhance public diplomacy, soft power, and national identity on the global stage. Utilizing a qualitative case study design combined with media discourse analysis, the research maps the engagement of state and non-state actors—including government agencies, renowned chefs, international restaurants, and digital media platforms—in shaping cultural narratives through culinary diplomacy. Data are drawn from policy documents, academic literature, global media sources, and digital trend analysis via Brand24. The findings reveal that sushi serves not only as a gastronomic product but also as a cultural symbol representing Japanese values, including aesthetics, omotenashi (hospitality), health consciousness, and craftsmanship. Cross-sector collaborations have fostered a dynamic diplomatic ecosystem that advances Japan’s cultural positioning while stimulating trade and tourism. Challenges persist in managing authenticity and commercialization, particularly in markets where sushi has undergone significant local adaptation. Compared to gastrodiplomacy campaigns such as Thai Select and Kimchi Diplomacy, Japan’s approach is marked by strategic flexibility and a commitment to preserving culinary heritage. This study enriches scholarly discourse by providing a comprehensive conceptual mapping of sushi diplomacy as a geopolitical tool and cultural branding strategy, offering practical insights for policymakers and cultural practitioners seeking to leverage cuisine in international engagement. Keywords: sushi diplomacy, gastrodiplomacy, soft power, public diplomacy, cultural identity
Global Governance on The Responses Toward Illegal Organ Transplantation and Trafficking in Pakistan Numadi, Katong Ragawi; Maharani, Ni Putu Devi
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 12 No 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2025.12.2.17085

Abstract

Illegal organ trafficking is a complex transnational criminal issue faced by Pakistan. The process of globalization, coupled with various socio-political and economic problems, has created the preconditions for the rapid growth of human organ trafficking in several regions in Pakistan. Consequently, the number of cases and victims of illegal organ transplantation and trafficking in Pakistan continues to rise. This study aims to analytically describe several efforts to combat the existence of illegal organ trafficking criminal networks in Pakistan within a global governance framework. The efforts involve not only strengthening Pakistani government policies but also implementing international cooperation and initiatives from civil society organizations and networks. In examining the global governance aspects of addressing transnational illegal organ trafficking in Pakistan, this study employs a descriptive qualitative method by using a literature review technique. The initial research revealed that the Pakistani government has taken various measures to eradicate illegal organ trafficking criminal networks in Pakistan. One of which is the creation of specific national legal regulations, which become the basis for strengthening preventive policies and intensifying prosecution actions. Internationally, Pakistan actively participates in a series of international anti-human trafficking and anti-organ trafficking frameworks and protocols. Meanwhile, the role of civil society organizations, particularly from medical professionals such as the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT Pakistan), cannot be ignored in the advocacy and legislative processes to address the threat of transnational human organ trafficking in Pakistan. Keywords: Pakistan, Transplantation, Organ Trafficking, THOTA.
China’s Export Reform Strategy in Response to the United States National Defense Authorization Act of 2019 Treasa, Naoka Zayna; Darmastuti, Shanti
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 12 No 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2025.12.2.17091

Abstract

The enactment of the United States’ National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) 2019, particularly Article 889, created significant non-tariff pressure on China’s high-tech export sector by restricting the procurement and use of products from major Chinese technology firms. This situation raised concerns about China’s export vulnerability and the long-term implications of geopolitical trade tensions. This study aims to examine China’s export reform strategies formulated in response to the NDAA, focusing on institutional coordination, financial support mechanisms, fiscal incentives, and the development of high-tech industrial ecosystems. Using a descriptive qualitative method, data were collected through literature review of policy documents, academic publications, and official reports, complemented by interviews with a China political expert and an Indonesian diplomat specializing in Asia–Pacific economic affairs. The findings reveal that China’s policy adjustments were not reactive measures but components of a long-term industrial strategy. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) played a central coordinating role in aligning fiscal, industrial, and diplomatic instruments. Strengthened financing through Sinosure and the Export-Import Bank of China, combined with increased export tax rebates and industrial zone incentives, enabled high-tech firms to diversify markets and sustain competitiveness. The study concludes that China’s export reform reflects a strategic model of state-led resilience, demonstrating how coordinated institutional policies can mitigate external trade shocks and maintain export stability amid intensifying geopolitical competition. Keywords: China, export support, NDAA 2019, non-tariff protectionism
Pathways of Continuity: Indonesia’s Role in Southeast Asia’s Refugee Governance Prabandari, Atin; Ketaren, Emma Seruni; Segara, Balya Arung
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 12 No 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2025.12.2.17940

Abstract

This article interrogates the enduring character of non-binding, sovereignty-centric refugee governance across Southeast Asia by analyzing the role of Indonesia within two principal displacement episodes: the Indochinese refugee crisis (1975–1996) and the ongoing Rohingya crisis. Applying the analytical lens of historical institutionalism and foregrounding the notion of path dependency, the account demonstrates how operational norms forged under the Comprehensive Plan of Action—including temporary humanitarian shelter, conditional burden redistribution, and the construal of displacement as a temporary aberration—have resurfaced in Indonesia’s present-day posture. Archival records, policy tracts, and a selective review of the secondary literature furnish a reconstruction of Jakarta’s stewardship of the Galang Island camp and an assessment of its recent practices toward the Rohingya, encompassing semi-offshore rescues and deference to international humanitarian actors. The inquiry substantiates profound institutional and normative continuities that circumscribe Indonesia’s capacity and readiness to construct durable, rights-respecting protection frameworks, notwithstanding a shifting geopolitical and humanitarian tableau. By embedding Indonesia’s trajectory within the regional governance matrix, the study illuminates historical legacies that continue to inform Southeast Asian refugee policy and underscores the constraints afflicting reactive, episodic cooperation in the face of protracted displacement. Keywords: Indochinese refugee, Indonesia, refugee crisis, refugee governance, Rohingya refugee, Southeast Asia

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