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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 18581196     EISSN : 23553596     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
KEMAS Journal: Research Study in Public Health publishes the article based on research or equivalent to research results in public health or other disciplines related to public health that has not been loaded/published by other media. The journal contains articles about epidemiology and biostatistics, health policy and administration, public health nutrition, environmental health, occupational health and safety, health promotion, reproductive health, maternal and child health, and other related articles in public health. The journal can be used by health practitioners, health caregivers, teachers, medical students, and people who are interested in public health issues. The journal was first published in July 2005 and subsequently published twice a year, in July and January. KEMAS Journal is a peer review journal and can be accessed in http://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/kemas. Semarang State University (Unnes) is a leading university in Indonesia with the vision to become a world-class conservation university. The conservation vision is closely related to the study of public health sciences. Unnes also published high quality e-journal from various disciplines, integrated, and managed through Open Access Journals that can be accessed in http://journal.unnes.ac.id. The IAKMI (Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia/The Association of Indonesian Public Health Expert) is a non-profit membership association dedicated to advance public health as a scientific discipline and profession that serves public good for Indonesia and humanity.
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PROGRAM PHYSICAL FITNESS DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESEHATAN PARU (VO2 max) Nasrulloh, Ahmad
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i1.3063

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh physical fitness programme terhadap maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) mahasiswa IKORA FIK UNY. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain the one group pretest-posttest design. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa IKORA angkatan 2010. Sampel dalam penelitian ini melibatkan seluruh mahasiswa prodi IKORA FIK UNY angkatan 2010 yang mengambil konsentrasi keahlian kebugaran. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah menggunakan tes lari 15 menit dengan metode balke. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas dan uji t. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh nilai t hitung sebesar 11,261 dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000. Oleh karena nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05 (p<0,05), maka dapat disimpulkan ada perbedaan yang signifikan VO2 Max mahasiswa saat pre test dan post test. Hasil ini dapat diartikan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara physical fitness programme terhadap maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) mahasiswa IKORA FIK UNY. This research aims at investigating the effect of physical fitness programme towards maxi-mum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) of students of Sport Science Study Program Faculty of Sport Science Yogyakarta State University. This study used an experimental method with one-group pretest-posttest design. The study population was class of 2010 Sport Science Study Program (Ikora) students. The samples in this study involved the entire students of Ikora class of 2010 who took the concentration of fitness expertise. The instrument used is a 15-minute test run using the balke method. The data analysis technique used normality test, homogeneity test and T-test. Based on the analysis results obtained, the t value is 11.261 with a significance value of 0.000. Because the significant value of 0.000 is less than 0.05 (p <0.05), it can be concluded that there are significant differences in VO2 Max of the students when in pre-test and post-test. These results imply that there is a significant relationship between physical fitness program to the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) of Ikora stu-dents in Faculty of Sport Science YSU.
PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN AKTIVITAS REMAJA SMA DALAM KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI DI KECAMATAN BULELENG Wijaya, I Made Kusuma; Agustini, Ni Nyoman Mestri; Tisna MS, Gede Doddy
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i1.3068

Abstract

Berbagai permasalahan remaja banyak disoroti saat ini di Bali, antara lain adalah pergaulan bebas hingga pelecehan seksual yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan reproduksi remaja dimana dampaknya dapat menentukan kualitas hidup remaja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengetahuan dan sikap remaja SMA tentang kesehatan reproduksi serta hubungannya dengan aktivitas remaja SMA dalam menjaga kesehatan reproduksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa SMA/SMK yang ada pada wilayah Puskesmas Buleleng yang berjumlah 346 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil dengan teknik random sampling, Variabel penelitian diukur menggunakan kuesioner dan analisis hubungan antar variabel menggunakan analisis korelasi bivariate pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara variabel pengetahuan dengan sikap remaja SMA (p=0.000; r=0,383), pengetahuan dengan aktivitas remaja SMA (P=0,000; r=0,284) dan sikap dengan aktivitas remaja SMA (p=0,000; r=0,269). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa remaja SMA yang memiliki pengetahuan yang baik akan diikuti dengan sikap yang baik, remaja SMA yang memiliki pengetahuan yang baik akan diikuti dengan aktivitas yang positif dan remaja SMA yang memiliki sikap yang baik akan diikuti juga dengan aktivitas yang positif. There are now a variety of adolescent problems in Bali, such as promiscuity and sexual harassment related to adolescent reproductive health which can determine the impact on the quality of life of teenagers. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitudes of high school adolescents about reproductive health and its relationship to high school adolescent activity in maintaining reproductive health. This study used an observa-tional analytic study design with cross-sectional. Samples were students in high school/vo-cational school health centers that exist in the region of Buleleng, amounting to 346 people. The samples in this study were taken with random sampling techniques, research variables were measured using questionnaires and analysis of relationships between variables using Pearson bivariate correlation analysis. The results showed that there is a positive and sig-nificant relationship between the variables of knowledge to high school adolescent attitude (p=0.000; r=0.383), knowledge to the activity of high school adolescents (P=0.000; r=0.284) and attitude to the activity of high school adolescents (p=0,000; r = 0.269). It is concluded that high school teenagers who have a good knowledge will be followed with a good attitude, high school teenager who has a good knowledge will be followed by a positive activities and high school teens who have a good attitude will be followed by a positive activities.
PENYULUHAN DENGAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL DAN KONVENSIONAL TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN IBU ANAK BALITA Wirawan, Susilo; Abdi, Lalu Khairul; Sulendri, Ni Ketut Sri
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i1.3073

Abstract

Intervensi penyuluhan dengan  media audio visual merupakan salah satu  metode yang dapat dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk merangsang masyarakat terutama keluarga (yaitu ibu rumah tangga) agar mampu menjadi inovator di lingkungan rumah tangganya sendiri. Audio visual merupakan alat bantu yang paling tepat saat ini. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan dengan media Audio Visual dan konvensional terhadap pengetahuan ibu anak balita yang tidak naik berat badannya di Wilayah Puskesmas Penimbung Kabupaten Lombok Barat. enelitian dilakukan di Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Penimbung yaitu Desa Dopang dan Desa Gelangsar selama kurang lebih 6 bulan, yaitu pada bulan Juni-November 2012. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan eksperimen sesungguhnya (true experimental design)  dengan rancangan pretest-postest with control group design.  Jumlah populasi adalah sebanyak 91 orang dengan sampel 60 rang. Data diolah dengan menggunakan analisis statistik Independent Sample t Test dan Paired Sample t Test. Tidak terdapat perbedaan rata-rata pengetahuan ibu balita (post test) setelah dilakukan penyuluhan dengan media AV dan konvensional. Terdapat perbedaan rata-rata pengetahuan ibu balita (post test) setelah dilakukan penyuluhan dengan media AV dengan kelompok kontrol. Terdapat pengaruh peningkatan rata-rata pengetahuan ibu balita antara sebelum penyuluhan dengan setelah penyuluhan baik pada kelompok penyuluhan dengan media AV maupun media konvensional.  Consultation intervention using audio-visual media is one of the methods that can be car-ried out as an effort to enhance the society especially family (i.e. housewife) to be able to play the role as an innovator in her own household. Audio-visual is the best assistive tool nowadays. Objective of this research is to know the influence of consultations using audio-visual and conventional media on the knowledge of mothers having toddlers with non-rising weight in Penimbung Public Heath Center’s operational area, West Lombok Regency. The research was carried out in Penimbung Public Health Center’s operational area i.e. Dopang Village and Gelangsar Village in approximately 6 months, from June to November 2012. This research applied the true experimental design using pretest-posttest with control group design. The population number was 91 subjects and the samples were 60 subjects. Data was processed using the Independent Sample t-Test and Paired Sample t-Test statisti-cal analysis. There was no difference in the knowledge average of mothers (posttest) after consultations using audio-visual and conventional media were conducted. There was a dif-ference in the knowledge average of mothers (posttest) after audio-visual consultation was conducted in the control group. There was an influence seen in the increase of knowledge average of mothers when compared before and after the consultations have been conducted, both in the consultation groups using audio-visual and conventional media.
MEDIA LEAFLET, VIDEO DAN PENGETAHUAN SISWA SD TENTANG BAHAYA MEROKOK (Studi pada Siswa SDN 78 Sabrang Lor Mojosongo Surakarta) Ambarwati, Ambarwati; Umaroh, Ayu Khoirotul; Kurniawati, Fifit; Kuswandari, Tika Diah; Darojah, Saroh
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i1.3064

Abstract

Merokok merupakan kegiatan yang sering kita jumpai di masyarakat. Meskipun sebagian besar masyarakat mengetahui bahaya merokok, namun kebiasaan merokok tetap banyak dilakukan di masyarakat. Bahkan telah merambah ke siswa sekolah dasar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh media leaflet dengan video terhadap pengetahuan siswa SDN 78 Sabrang Lor Mojosongo tentang bahaya merokok. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen, dengan rancangan penelitian pretest and posttest without control group design. Sampel sebanyak 96 siswa kelas V dan VI SD Sabrang Lor Mojosongo yang ditentukan dengan tehnik total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai pre test pengetahuan siswa SD pada kelompok leaflet sebagian besar, yaitu 30 orang (62,5%) dalam kategori baik dan pada kelompok video sebagian besar, yaitu 33 siswa (68,8%) dalam kategori cukup. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh penggunaan media leaflet (p= 0,000≤ α=0,05) namun tidak ada pengaruh penggunaan media video (p= 0,328> α=0,05) terhadap pengetahuan siswa SDN 78 Sabrang Lor Mojosongo tentang bahaya merokok. Sehingga dapat dikatakan media leaflet lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa SD tentang bahaya merokok dibandingkan video. Smoking is an activity that often be done by society. Although almost human know the negative effect of cigarette, but they still have cigarette smoking habit. In fact, the habit have cut down to students in elementary school. The aim of the research was to know the influence of health education with leaflet and film toward elementary school Sabrang Lor student’s knowledge about the negative effect of smoking. The study was experimental with pretest and posttest without control group design. Sample were 96 Sabrang Lor elementary school students that was given by total sampling technique. The result of the study showed, before intervention in leaflet group, the score of student’s knowledge majority was in good category= 30 students (62,5%) and in film group majority in enough category= 33 students (68,8%). After intervention, the score increased, in leaflet group there were 8 Students to be good category and in film group there were 3 students to be enough category. The conclu-sion of the research was : leaflet is more effective to increase the knowledge of Sabrang Lor elementary school students about the dangerous of smoking than film media.
GANGGUAN FUNGSI PARU DAN KADAR COTININE PADA URIN KARYAWAN YANG TERPAPAR ASAP ROKOK ORANG LAIN Nurjanah, Nurjanah; Kresnowati, Lily; Mufid, Abdun
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i1.3069

Abstract

Survei pemantauan Kualitas Udara pada tahun 2011 di 78 tempat umum di Kota Semarang menunjukkan rata-rata PM2.5 di tempat-tempat yang diperbolehkan merokok adalah 94,76 mg/m3 dan di tempat-tempat yang tidak diperbolehkan merokok adalah 34,60 mg/m3. Café dan restoran adalah tempat umum dngan tingkat PM2.5 tertinggi. Rata-rata dari PM2.5 di restoran adalah 72,60mg/m3 dan di café 64,84mg/m3. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek paparan asap rokok terhadap fungsi paru dan cotinine urin karyawan cefe dan restoran di kota Semarang. Data dikumpulkan dari 13 cafe dan restoran dengan responden 70 orang karyawan non-perokok. Instrumen yang dipakai adalah spirometri, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa), aerosol sidepack, dan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 20% responden mengalami restriksi ringan, 2,9% obstruksi ringan dan 2,9% obstruksi sedang. Rata-rata cotinine urine karyawan café adalah 42,902ng/ml dan karyawan restoran 33,609ng/ml. Rata-rata PM2.5 di café adalah 121,65 mg/m3 dan di restoran adalah 68,27μg/m3. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan cotinine urine adalah lama paparan SHS per hari (rho = 0,364, p-value = 0,002) dan perilaku merokok rekan kerja (p-value = 0,006). Umur berkorelasi dengan fungsi paru (rho = 0,272, p-value = 0,023) dan ada hubungan negative antara cotinine urin dan fungsi paru (rho = 0,266, p-value = 0.026).Air Quality Monitoring Survey in 2011 at 78 public places in Semarang city showed the average of PM2.5 in places where smoking allowed was 94.76mg/m3 and in places where smoking not allowed smoking was 34.60mg/m3. Café and restaurant was the public places with the highest PM2.5 levels. The average of PM2.5 in restaurant was 72.60mg/m3 and 164.84mg/m3 in café. This research aims to determine effects of secondhand smoke exposure on lung function and urine cotinine levels of café and restaurant employee in the Semarang city. Data was collected from 13 cafes and restaurants and the respondents are 70 non-smokers employees. The instruments were spirometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa), sidepack aerosols, and questionnaire. The result showed that 20% of respondents had mild restriction, 2.9% mild obstruction and 2.9% moderate obstruction. The average level of urine cotinine of cafe employees was 42.902ng/ml and 33.609ng/ml in restaurants employees. The average of PM2.5 levels in the Cafe was 121.65 μg/m3 and in Restaurant was 68.27μg/m3. Factors related to urine cotinine were duration of SHS exposure per day (rho=0.364, p-value=0.002) and colleague smoking behavior (p-value=0.006). Age was correlated with lung function (rho=-0.272, p-value=0.023) and there was negative correla-tion between urine cotinine and lung function (rho=-0.266, p-value=0.026).
ANALISIS KUALITAS PENGGUNAAN BUKU KESEHATAN IBU ANAK Sistiarani, Colti
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i1.3065

Abstract

Penggunaan Buku KIA merupakan salah satu strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat. Program ini ditujukan sebagai upaya peningkatan pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengetahuan dan peran tenaga kesehatan dengan kualitas penggunaan buku KIA. Penelitian ini dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kalibagor tahun 2010. Jenis penelitian yaitu penelitian penjelasan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah seluruh ibu hamil dan ibu balita yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Kalibagor, Sampel adalah ibu hamil dan ibu balita yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Kalibagor Bulan Oktober 2010 sebanyak 50. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu consequtive sampling. Analisis data untuk univariat dengan melakukan uji distribusi frekuensi, bivariat dengan uji chi kuadrat (x2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan mengenai buku KIA dengan kualitas penggunaan buku KIA, serta tidak ada hubungan antara peran tenaga kesehatan dengan kualitas penggunaan buku KIA.The use of MCH handbook is one of community empowerment strategies. The program is intended as an effort to improve maternal and child health services. This study aims to analyze the knowledge and the role of health workers with the use of quality KIA book. This research was conducted in 2010 at Kalibagor Primary Health Care. This type of research is explanatory research using cross sectional approach. The population is all pregnant women and mothers who visited the primary health care, Samples are pregnant women and moth-ers who visited the Kalibagor Primary Health care in October 2010 as many as 50. Sam-pling technique that consequtive sampling. Univariate analysis of the data for the frequency distribution test , bivariate chi squared test ( x2 ) . The results showed no relationship be-tween knowledge of books with quality KIA KIA use of books,and there is no relationship between the role of health workers with the use of quality KIA book.
PROFIL IBU DAN PERAN BIDAN DALAM PRAKTIK INISIASI MENYUSU DINI DAN ASI EKSKLUSI Raharjo, Bambang Budi
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i1.3070

Abstract

Rendahnya cakupan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini dan pemberian ASI eksklusif di wilayah Kabupaten Kendal berdasarkan temuan dalam studi pendahuluan, secara garis besar tidak terlepas dari faktor ibu dan peran bidan penolong persalinan yang merupakan petugas kesehatan yang pertama kali membantu ibu selama proses persalinan yang seharusnya memberikan informasi dan dukungan awal kepada ibu untuk segera melakukan IMD dan melanjutkannya dengan ASI eksklusif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan secara kuantitatif melalui survei dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Desain ini digunakan untuk mengungkap cakupan inisiasi menyusu dini dan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada bayi yang dilahirkan di bidan praktek swasta di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Limbangan dan Kaliwungu Kabupaten Kendal serta menguji hipotesis variabel karakterstik (profil) ibu dan peran bidan yang diduga berhubungan dengan praktik inisiasi menyusu dini dan pemberian ASI eksklusif. Penelitian kuantitatif melibatkan 200 ibu yang melahirkan dengan pertolongan 20 bidan praktik swasta di Kaliwungu dan Limbangan Kabupaten Kendal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor-faktor ibu yang berhubungan dengan praktik IMD adalah pengetahuan dan sikap ibu terkait IMD dan ASI Eksklusif. Sedangkan yang berhubungan secara signifikan dengan praktik ASI eksklusif adalah tingkat pendidikan, pengetahuan dan sikap ibu. Demikian juga, peran bidan juga secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap praktik IMD dan praktik ASI eksklusif. In preliminary study, low coverage initiation breastfeeding early and exclusive breastfeed-ing in the Kendal district can not be separated from the role of maternal factors and mid-wife who is firstly helped the mother during the birth process that is supposed to provide information and support to the mother to immediately IMD and exclusive breastfeeding. This study used a quantitative approach through a cross sectional survey. This design is used to describe of early breastfeeding initiation and practice of exclusive breastfeeding in infants who born in private midwives Kaliwungu and Limbangan of district Kendal, and testing hypotheses corelation between variabel of characteristics(mother profiles) and the role of midwife with early breastfeeding initiation and practice of exclusive breastfeeding. This study involving 200 mothers who gave birth in 20 person of midwife private practice in Limbangan and Kaliwungu Kendal. The results showed that maternal factors associated with the practice of IMD is the knowledge and attitudes of mother about IMD and exclusive breastfeeding. Significantly level of education, knowledge and attitude of the mother as-sociating with the practice of exclusive breastfeeding. Similarly, the role of the midwife also significantly influence the practice of IMD and practice exclusive breastfeeding.
SOCIAL CAPITAL AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILD UNDER 5 YEARS IN RURAL INDONESIA AND THAILAND Kasmini H, Oktia Woro; Rahayu, Tandyo; Budiono, Irwan; Hunnirun, Pornsuk; Tornee, Songpol; Hansakul, Anong
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i1.3074

Abstract

Prevalensi gizi kurang balita di pedesaan pada satu dasawarsa terakhir terdapat kecenderungan penurunan, yaitu di Thailand (0.3%) lebih cepat secara signifikan dibanding di Indonesia (3,5%). Diduga ada perbedaan pola pemanfaatan modal sosial dalam upaya perbaikan gizi balita. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah ada perbedaan pengaruh modal sosial yang berhubungan dengan status gizi balita pada urban area di Indonesia dan Thailand. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan strategi penelitian lapangan studi kasus di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kajen 1, Kabupaten Pekalongan, Indonesia dan di Ongkharak Thailand. Fokus penelitian berupa aspek modal sosial yang terdiri dari: (1) citizenship, (2) asosiasi/organisasi sosial, (3) sosial suport yang mempengaruhi status gizi balita di masyarakat. Teknik penentuan informan dengan cara purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Hasil penelitian modal sosial yang berkaitan dengan status gizi balita di desa di Indonesia dan Thailand mempunyai corak sejenis. Dimana unsur-unsur modal sosial yang mempengaruhi berupa: 1) cytizenship, dalam bentuk partisipasi aktif dan kreatif terutama dari para kader atau relawan, 2) organisasi sosial berupa Posyandu dan Pusat Pengembangan Balita. Sedangkan perbedaan yang tergambar adalah: 1) Organisasi sosial di Thailand merupakan program yang lebih pro aktif, 2) Di Indonesia aspek cytiznship yang berkaitan dengan unsur resiprocyti atau semangat untuk membantu sangat menonjol, dan 3) Program pemerintah Thailand yang sangat menentukan status gizi balita diperlemah dengan banyaknya masalah bencana alam dan situasi politik. In Indonesia and Thailand, the prevalence trend of malnutrition of children under five in rural area in the last decade has declined, in Thailand (0.3%) was significantly faster than in Indonesia (3.5%). So the problem in this study is whether the different effect of social capital associated with nutritional status of children in rural area in Indonesia and Thailand.This study used a qualitative approach, in Kajen 1 health center, Pekalongan, Indonesia and in Ongkharak, Thailand. The focus of this study was the form of social capital aspect which consists of: (1) citizenship, (2) the association/social organization, (3) social support that affect the nutritional status of children in society. Informants consisted of village heads, heads of health center, village midwives, IHC cadres, community leaders and children’s families. The technique of determining the informant by purposive sampling and snowball sampling.Based on result, social capital related to the nutritional status of children in rural area in Indonesia and Thailand had similar patterns. The elements of social capital that influence as follows: 1) citizenship, in the form of active and creative participation, especially from the cadre or volunteers, 2) social organizations such as IHC and Children Development Center. While the differences were illustrated: 1) social organization in Thailand was a more pro-active programs, 2) In Indonesia, citizenship aspects related to the elements reciprocity or passion to help each other was very prominent, and 3) The Thailand government programs that determine the nutritional status of children had been weakened with the many problems of natural disasters and political situation.
SOCIAL CAPITAL AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILD UNDER 5 YEARS IN RURAL INDONESIA AND THAILAND
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i1.3074

Abstract

Prevalensi gizi kurang balita di pedesaan pada satu dasawarsa terakhir terdapat kecenderungan penurunan, yaitu di Thailand (0.3%) lebih cepat secara signifikan dibanding di Indonesia (3,5%). Diduga ada perbedaan pola pemanfaatan modal sosial dalam upaya perbaikan gizi balita. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah ada perbedaan pengaruh modal sosial yang berhubungan dengan status gizi balita pada urban area di Indonesia dan Thailand. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan strategi penelitian lapangan studi kasus di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kajen 1, Kabupaten Pekalongan, Indonesia dan di Ongkharak Thailand. Fokus penelitian berupa aspek modal sosial yang terdiri dari: (1) citizenship, (2) asosiasi/organisasi sosial, (3) sosial suport yang mempengaruhi status gizi balita di masyarakat. Teknik penentuan informan dengan cara purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Hasil penelitian modal sosial yang berkaitan dengan status gizi balita di desa di Indonesia dan Thailand mempunyai corak sejenis. Dimana unsur-unsur modal sosial yang mempengaruhi berupa: 1) cytizenship, dalam bentuk partisipasi aktif dan kreatif terutama dari para kader atau relawan, 2) organisasi sosial berupa Posyandu dan Pusat Pengembangan Balita. Sedangkan perbedaan yang tergambar adalah: 1) Organisasi sosial di Thailand merupakan program yang lebih pro aktif, 2) Di Indonesia aspek cytiznship yang berkaitan dengan unsur resiprocyti atau semangat untuk membantu sangat menonjol, dan 3) Program pemerintah Thailand yang sangat menentukan status gizi balita diperlemah dengan banyaknya masalah bencana alam dan situasi politik. In Indonesia and Thailand, the prevalence trend of malnutrition of children under five in rural area in the last decade has declined, in Thailand (0.3%) was significantly faster than in Indonesia (3.5%). So the problem in this study is whether the different effect of social capital associated with nutritional status of children in rural area in Indonesia and Thailand.This study used a qualitative approach, in Kajen 1 health center, Pekalongan, Indonesia and in Ongkharak, Thailand. The focus of this study was the form of social capital aspect which consists of: (1) citizenship, (2) the association/social organization, (3) social support that affect the nutritional status of children in society. Informants consisted of village heads, heads of health center, village midwives, IHC cadres, community leaders and children’s families. The technique of determining the informant by purposive sampling and snowball sampling.Based on result, social capital related to the nutritional status of children in rural area in Indonesia and Thailand had similar patterns. The elements of social capital that influence as follows: 1) citizenship, in the form of active and creative participation, especially from the cadre or volunteers, 2) social organizations such as IHC and Children Development Center. While the differences were illustrated: 1) social organization in Thailand was a more pro-active programs, 2) In Indonesia, citizenship aspects related to the elements reciprocity or passion to help each other was very prominent, and 3) The Thailand government programs that determine the nutritional status of children had been weakened with the many problems of natural disasters and political situation.
ANALISIS KUALITAS PENGGUNAAN BUKU KESEHATAN IBU ANAK
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i1.3065

Abstract

Penggunaan Buku KIA merupakan salah satu strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat. Program ini ditujukan sebagai upaya peningkatan pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengetahuan dan peran tenaga kesehatan dengan kualitas penggunaan buku KIA. Penelitian ini dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kalibagor tahun 2010. Jenis penelitian yaitu penelitian penjelasan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah seluruh ibu hamil dan ibu balita yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Kalibagor, Sampel adalah ibu hamil dan ibu balita yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Kalibagor Bulan Oktober 2010 sebanyak 50. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu consequtive sampling. Analisis data untuk univariat dengan melakukan uji distribusi frekuensi, bivariat dengan uji chi kuadrat (x2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan mengenai buku KIA dengan kualitas penggunaan buku KIA, serta tidak ada hubungan antara peran tenaga kesehatan dengan kualitas penggunaan buku KIA.The use of MCH handbook is one of community empowerment strategies. The program is intended as an effort to improve maternal and child health services. This study aims to analyze the knowledge and the role of health workers with the use of quality KIA book. This research was conducted in 2010 at Kalibagor Primary Health Care. This type of research is explanatory research using cross sectional approach. The population is all pregnant women and mothers who visited the primary health care, Samples are pregnant women and moth-ers who visited the Kalibagor Primary Health care in October 2010 as many as 50. Sam-pling technique that consequtive sampling. Univariate analysis of the data for the frequency distribution test , bivariate chi squared test ( x2 ) . The results showed no relationship be-tween knowledge of books with quality KIA KIA use of books,and there is no relationship between the role of health workers with the use of quality KIA book.

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