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Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 02164566     EISSN : 25273604     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/sainteknol
Core Subject : Science,
Computer Science & IT
Sainteknol published a scientific paper on the results of research and studies in the field of science and technology. Published biannually in June and December contained the writings lifted from the results of research and critical-analysis study in science and technology.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 560 Documents
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DEVELOPMENT OF CHEMSITRY TEACHER PROFESSIONALISM THROUGH PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE TRAINING Haryani, Sri; Wardani, Sri; Prasetya, Agung Tri
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 14, No 2 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v14i2.8996

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) training to the development of chemistry teachers’ professionalism through MGMP. The study involved 5 chemistry teachers who measured the PCK capability through filling CoRe (Content Representation) and writing PaPeRs (Pedagogical and Professional-experience Repertoires), which represents the PCK of a teacher as proposed by Loughran. Quantitative data drawn from the results of the fillingCoRe,Lesson Plan (RPP), and PaP-eRs instruments, whereas qualitative data were taken from the three linkage analysis supported by the results of the interview. Based on the results of data analysis revealed that PCK training can develop the teachers professionalism as measured by the PCK capability especially in minimizing the weaknesses that have been prevalent as how to express apperception, the depth of the material, determine the learning strategies, and pay attention to the prerequisites material.
INOVASI PEMURNIAN GARAM (NATRIUM KLORIDA) MENGGUNAKAN ZEOLIT ALAM SEBAGAI PENGIKAT IMPURITAS DALAM PROSE KRISTALISASI Jumaeri, Jumaeri; Sulistyaningsih, Triastuti; Sunarto, Wisnu
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 15, No 2 (2017): Desember 2017
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v15i2.12403

Abstract

Garam  merupakan salah satu komuditas strategis yang diprioritaskan untuk  dikembangkan oleh Kementrian Perindustrian.  Kebutuhan garam berkualitas tinggi, utamanya garam industri, masih diimpor dari luar negeri. Penelitian inovasi proses pemurnian garam menggunakan filter zeolit alam sebagai bahan pengikat impuritas dalam proses kristalisasi telah dilakukan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk  mengetahui efektifitas dan kondisi optimal proses  pemurnian garam (natrium klorida) menggunakan zeolit alam dalam proses kristalisasi dan model proses pembuatan uapan air laut. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan pengambilan sampel garam krosok dan karakterisasinya. Sampel garam krosok selanjutnya dimurnikan dengan menggunakan zeolit alam sebagai pengikat impuritas dalam proses kristalisasi. Efektifitas proses pemurnian ditetukan berdasarkan kualitas garam hasil pemurnian yang diperoleh. Kualitas produk garam hasil pemurnian ditentukan berdasarkan standar kualitas garam baku sesuai SNI Garam 2000, yang meliputi kadar NaCl, air, logam berat, Ca, Mg dan sifat fisik garam (warna, rasa dan bentuk kristal). Kemurnian produk garam juga diuji menggunakan XRD dan hasilnya dibadingkan dengan NaCl standar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa garam krosok dengan kadar NaCl 82,37% setelah proses pemurnian kadar NaCl meningkat menjadi 92,64, 92,49 dan  91,80% masing-masing untuk kepekatan awal  larutan garam 17, 15 dan 12o Be. Kadar air garam hasil kristalisisasi untuk ketiga larutan garam adalah 1,25, 1,52 dan 1,68%.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa zeolit alam dapat digunakan secara efektif dalam pemurnian garam dapur melalui proses kristalisasi. Aktivasi zeolit dengan larutan HCl 0,1 M dapat meningkatkan kualitas garam hasil rekristalisasi. Garam hasil kristalisasi mempunyai kadar NaCl tertinggi (98,73%) diperoleh dengan menggunakan zeolit lolos ayakan 10/20 mesh yang teraktivasi HCl 0,1 M
THE PROCESS OF ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY (EOR)USING ALKALINE SURFACTANT (AS) FLOODING ON SUKOWATI CRUDE OIL: A COMPARISON STUDY OF MIXED SURFACTANT Buanasari, Buanasari; Pramudono, Bambang
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 15, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v15i1.12386

Abstract

We investigated six mixed surfactants for effectiveness in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The selected surfactant formulation were tested for EOR using coreflood tests beneath sandstones. There are four objectives in this research. The first objective would examine synergism of surfactant mixtures, i.e., MES-SLS; MES- LAS; MES-DEA; MES-Tween 80; MES-BAC; and BAC-Tween 80. The next study examines the optimal ratio of the best surfactant mixture. The next step is to determine the best alkali between NaOH and Na2CO3. The final objective would determine the optimal concentration of alkaline in this formulation. Surfactant formulation would use brine 5000 ppm. This formulation injected with a flow rate of 10 ml/s at temperature of 70oC for 3 minutes beneath sandstones. Oil recovery results and the IFT value are observed response in this study. This research has found MES-DEA (½: 1) and alkali sodium carbonate 1% wt/v as the best formulations. This formulation has given 32,88% wt oil recovery and IFT value of 3,29 x 10-1 mN/m.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOL EXTRACT FROM MAHOGANY SEEDS Sri Mursiti, Supartono (SWIETENIA MACROPHYLLA, KING) Mursiti, Sri; Supartono, Supartono
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 14, No 2 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v14i2.8991

Abstract

Mahogany seeds is one of the natural ingredients that can be used as an antimicrobial. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of methanol extract mahogany seeds and determine the components of active compounds that have antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (E.coli) and Bacillus cereus (B.cereus). Extraction was done by maceration method with methanol and testing of antimicrobial activity using the absorption method. The results showed that the antimicrobial activity of methanol extract mahogany seeds shows inhibitory activity and provide clear zone against bacteria E.coli with value Inhibitory Regional Diameter 16,75 mm respectively, but did not give a clear zone of the bacterium B.cereus. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the methanol extract of seeds mahogany has antimicrobial activity against E.coli.
PENGARUH EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION (EGR) TERHADAP PERFORMA DAN EMISI JELAGA MESIN DIESEL DIRECT INJECTION Septiyanto, Angga; Maulana, Sonika; Nugroho, Agus; Sudiyono, Sudiyono
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 15, No 2 (2017): Desember 2017
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v15i2.11866

Abstract

Kendaraan bermotor sebagai alat transportasi berbahan bakar minyak (bahan bakar fosil) yang menghasilkan emisi gas buang menjadi salah satu faktor terjadinya pencemaran udara yang berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Bertambahnya jumlah kendaraan bermotor akan diikuti juga dengan peningkatan pencemaran udara yang berasal dari emisi gas buang pada kendaraan bermotor Salah satu jenis mesin kendaraan bermotor yang banyak digunakan pada truck, bus dan beberapa mobil penumpang adalah mesin diesel karena efisiensi dan daya tahan yang tinggi. Gas buang yang dihasilkan oleh mesin diesel dapat mengakibatkan permasalahan polusi udara yaitu dalam bentuk emisi jelaga dan NOx. Hal ini mengakibatkan munculnya beberapa penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menurunkan kadar emisi pada mesin diesel salah satunya menggunakan Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR). EGR digunakan untuk menurunkan emisi NOx yang dihasillkan dari proses pembakaran, dengan memasukkan kembali sebagian gas buang hasil pembakaran ke dalam intake manifold. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui performa dan emisi jelaga mesin diesel ketika menggunakan exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) untuk mengurangi emisi NOx pada mesin diesel direct injection. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan menggunakan dinamometer untuk mengukur performa dengan variasi pembebanan 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%. Nilai yang didapat akan dianalisa dan diolah dalam bentuk grafik dengan menggunakan Software Origin Pro 8. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan performa torsi dan daya mengalami kenaikan dengan penggunaan EGR pada mesin diesel direct injection, dengan peningkatan sebesar nilai torsi dan daya masing-masing sebesar 11,16% dan 11,18% pada laju EGR 15,3% dan variasi pembebanan 50%. Sedangkan emisi jelaga yang diindikasikan dengan smoke opacitymeningkat dengan penggunaan EGR, dengan peningkatan sebesar 24,02% ketika lajur EGR 16,5% dengan pembebanan 25%. 
PENGARUH KECEPATAN PUTAR SPINDLE (RPM) DAN JENIS SUDUT PAHAT PADA PROSES PEMBUBUTAN TERHADAP TINGKAT KEKASARAN BENDA KERJA BAJA EMS 45 Farokhi, Mohammad; Sumbodo, Wirawan; Rusiyanto, Rusiyanto
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 15, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v15i1.9881

Abstract

The purpose of this research to know the influence of kecepatanm turn spindle ( rpm ) and angles chisel on the level of roughness pembubutan carbon steel ems 45. This research in a research experiment , with objective of knowing the and effect based on treatment given .Variation speed spindle used the 2000 rpm , 2250 rpm , 2500 rpm , 2750 rpm , and 3000 rpm. While angles chisel in variasikan that is, an angle 35º, angles 55º, and angles 80 º. After conducted lathe next tested value roughness. An analysis of the data used to research these are the statistics descriptive. The results of the analysis data on the research indicated that the more the acute angle chisel this value surface roughness the lower.
POLA AKUMULASI LOGAM CU IKAN BANDENGSELAMA PERIODE PERTUMBUHAN DI TAMBAK ES, Sri Mulyani; Martuti, Nana Kariada Tri; Irsadi, Andin
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 14, No 2 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v14i2.8997

Abstract

Akibat kerusakan pantai dan lahan mangrove di kawasan pesisir pantai Kota Semarang menyebabkan menurunnya kualitas lingkungan wilayah pesisir. Penurunan kualitas lingkungan ini berpengaruh pada lingkungan tambak yang berada di wilayah pesisir pantai yang juga akan mempengaruhi kualitas ikan yang dipelihara di tambak-tambak di wilayah pesisir pantai. Ikan Bandeng merupakan salah satu hasil budidaya ikan di tambak yang banyak terdapat di daerah pantai atau pesisir. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berupa:logam Cu pada air, sedimen serta ikan bandeng pada tambak penelitian yang sudah ditentukan. Kualitas lingkungan yang terdiri dari: DO, pH, salinitas dan suhu perairan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan ekologi (ecological approach).Data bioakumulasi logam Cu dalam sedimen, air dan ikan bandeng dianalisis berdasarkan rumus FK dan BCF yang ada.Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh hasil kandungan logam Cu pada peraiarn tambak antara 0,2-0,3 ppm dan sedimen antara 18,088-22,81 ppm. Kadar logam dalam air tersebut sudah berada di atas ambang batas yang telah ditentukan Pemerintah berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No 51 Tahun 2004 tentang Baku Mutu Air Laut, kadar Cu untuk biota laut 0,008 mg/L. Untuk itu perlu mendapat perhatian adanya pencemaran logam Cu di tambak bandeng wilayah Tapak. Kandungan logam Cu pada ikan di wilayah Tapak (1.165 - 3.396 ppm ) masih di bawah ambang batas yang diijinkan BPOM No. 03725/B/SK/VII/89Tahun 1989 sebesar 20 ppm, tetapi harus tetap diwaspadai mengingat sifatnya yang akumulatif dan membahayakan kesehatan manusia yang mengkomsumsinya.
THE EFFECT OF RAMBUTAN PEEL EXTRACT (NEPHELIUM LAPPACEUM L) TO TOTAL LEUKOCYTES AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL OF RAT LUNGS EXPOSED BY CIGARETTE SMOKE Lisdiana, Lisdiana; WH, Nugrahaningsih; Widyaningrum, Priyantini
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 15, No 2 (2017): Desember 2017
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v15i2.12404

Abstract

Cigarette smoke is one of exogenous free radicals sources. When it is inhaled, its activity may damage the structure of lung function. The impacts of free radicals can be reduced through the provision of antioxidants. Rambutan fruit peel contains phenolic compound in the form of polyphenols that are antioxidants.The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of rambutan fruit peel extracts to the number of leukosit and lung structure on rats exposed by cigarette smoke. The research design used Post Test Control Group Design. A sample of 25 rats were divided into 5 groups, each group consisting of 5 rats. The positive control group (K +) were given a standard food and drinking water, the negative control group (K) by 3 cigarettes, the treatment groups (KP1, KP2, KP3) by 3 cigarettes and peel extract of rambutan each treatment group with a dose 15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg and 45 mg/kg for 30 days. Total leukocyt measured by Auto Hematology Analyzer Mindray BC 2800vet. Total leukocytes and the damage of the lung were tested by one- way ANOVA. The number of leukocytes and damage to the lungs was analyzed by one-way ANOVA. and further tested with LSD. Next, the effective dose was tested by using linear regression. The result has shown that the average of total leukocytes in K+, K-, KP1, KP2, and KP3 was 6.28 x103/µl, 11.98 x103/µl, 9.88 x103/µl, 8.48 x103/µl, and 7.72 x103/µl respectively. Based on ANOVA, the rats have been exposed to cigarette smoke and given the extract of rambutan peel underwent decreasing total leukocytes and decreasing damage on alveolus more significant than those which has been exposed to cigarette smoke with no extract of rambutan peel. The effective dose of the extract of rambutan peel that was foun d to decrease total leukocytes and to protect the damage of the lung caused by cigarette smoke was 45 mg/kg body weight. Conclusion: the extract of rambutan peel was able to decrease the total leukocytes and protect the histopathological of rat lung that has been exposed to cigarette smoke.
ANALISA PERHITUNGAN BEBAN KALOR DAN PEMILIHAN KOMPRESOR DALAM PERANCANGAN AIR BLAST FREEZER UNTUK MEMBEKUKAN ADONAN ROTI DENGAN KAPASITAS 250 KG/JAM Dermawan, Erwin; Syawaluddin, Syawaluddin; Abrori, Muhammad Reza; Nelfiyanti, Nelfiyanti; Ramadhan, Anwar Ilmar
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 15, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v15i1.10193

Abstract

Mesin Air Blast Freezer (ABF) adalah salah satu alat pembeku makanan dalam dunia refrigerasi. Dalam perancangan Air Blast Freezer ini, tahapan yang paling menentukan adalah saat perhitungan beban kalor yang akan menjadi acuan bagi perancang dalam pemilihan kompresor. PT. Mayekawa Indonesia dalam hal ini untuk memenuhi permintaan pelanggan untuk 2 unit ruangan ABF dengan kebutuhan membekukan adonan roti berkapasitas 250 kg/jam di tiap ruangan melakukan perhitungan beban kalor ABF dengan asumsi total beban kalor sebesar 41,5 kW dan menggunakan kompresor 62WBHE 900rpm sebagai penopangnya. Sehingga saat ini terdapat 2 kompresor tipe 62WBHE 900rpm yang berjalan, dan 2 unit kompresor yang sama direncanakan untuk projek 2 ABF selanjutnya. Kondisi aktual yang didapatkan dengan cara observasi dan analisa perhitungan serta pemilihan kompresor, beban kalor ternyata hanya 37,81 kW, dan cukup apabila hanya menggunakan kompresor 42WBHE 900rpm yang ukurannya lebih kecil dan kebutuhan dayanya juga lebih kecil.
PERFORMANCE OF PHOTOCATALYST BASED CARBON NANODOTS FROM WASTE FRYING OIL IN WATER PURIFICATION Aji, Mahardika Prasetya; Wiguna, Pradita Ajeng; Susanto, Susanto; Rosita, Nita; Aisyah, Siti; Suciningtyas, Suciningtyas; Sulhadi, Sulhadi
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 14, No 2 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v14i2.8992

Abstract

Carbon Nanodots (C-Dots) from waste frying oil could be used as a photocatalyst in water purification with solar light irradiation. Performance of C-Dots as a photocatalyst was tested in the process of water purification with  a given synthetic sewage methylene blue. The tested was also conducted by comparing the performance C-Dots made from frying oil, waste fryng oil as a photocatalyst and solution of methylene blue without photocatalyst C-Dots. Performance of C-Dots from waste frying oil were estimated by the results of absorbance spectrum. The results of measurement absorbance spectrum from the process of water purification with photocatalyst C-Dots showed that the highest intensity at a wavelength 664 nm of methylene blue decreased. The test results showed that the performance of photocatalyst C- Dots from waste frying oil was better in water purification. This estimated that number of particles C-dots is more in waste frying oil because have experieced repeated the heating process so that the higher particles concentration make the photocatalyst process more effective. The observation of the performance C-Dots from waste frying oil as a photocatalyst in the water purification processes become important invention for solving the problems of waste and water purification.

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