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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
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Articles 1,078 Documents
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Distribution of Risks for Major Osteoporotic Fracture Based on Fracture Risk Assessment Tool in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia Rahhim, Nik Fatin Farhana Binti Mohd; Tiksnadi, Bambang; Buchori, Eppy
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Osteoporosis has become a growing public health problem in Indonesia. A definite estimation of osteoporosis prevalence in Indonesia is not available due to the limited access of dual energy X ray absorptiometry (DXA) facilities.  In 2008, the World Health Organization has developed a tool called Fracture Risk Assessment Tool to identify fracture risk based on the clinical risk factors. The study aimed to identify the risk factors of osteoporotic fracture using Fracture Risk Assessment Tool in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.Methods: This descriptive study was conducted from June–December 2013 in Orthopedic & Traumatology, Internal Medicine, Geriatric and Surgery polyclinics Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung to 77 respondents, aged 40–90 years, using the random sampling method. Fracture risks were calculated online, and the data obtained were analyzed and presented using frequency distribution in tables.Results: Most of the respondents had low risk for osteoporotic fracture, and only 5.19% of them had moderate risk. The main risk factors were rheumatoid arthritis (57.14%), followed by current smoking (27.27%) and prolonged glucocorticoids consumption (25.98%).  The moderate risk group was females, above 60 years old and with normal BMI or underweight with risks of previous fracture, parent’s previous hip fracture, rheumatoid arthritis and prolonged glucocorticoids exposure.Conclusions: Majority of the respondents have low risk for osteoporotic fracture. It must be taken into consideration that increasing age, rheumatoid arthritis, current smoking, prolonged glucocorticoids consumption, previous fracture and parent’s previous hip fracture can cause increased risk. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.514
Clinical Presentation and Laboratory Features in Pediatric Typhoid Fever Patient Susceptibility to First-line Antibiotic Therapy Ratnasari, Dewi; Setiabudi, Djatnika; Rakhmilla, Lulu Eva
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2015)
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Abstract

Background: RTyphoid fever remainsa serious health problem in the world. The main cause of this disease is Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. These microbes have developed resistance to first-line antibiotics (chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and co-trimoksazol) since 1950. Clinical presentation and laboratory features conducted in children infected with resistant strains tend to be more severe. The objective of this study was to determine the differences of clinical presentation and laboratory features in pediatric typhoid fever patient susceptibility to first-line antibiotics.Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study of total 119 typhoid fever children with positive blood culture of Salmonella Typhi based on medical data in Department of Child Health Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung during 2008–2012. Inclusion criteria included 76 patients with age range 1–15 years old, given an antibiotic, and had susceptibility test done. Numerical variable was the duration of fever in patients after given an antibiotic. Categorical variable included hepatomegaly, diarrhea, platelet count at admission, and leukocyte count at admission. Data were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney and Chi-square test.Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the duration of fever, leucocyte count at admission, and thrombocyte count at admission between sensitive and resistant response to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and co-trimoksazol (p>0.05). Leucocyte count at admission in children with sensitive and resistant strain to ampicillin almost showed a difference (p=0.07) but still not statistically significant difference.Conclusions: There is no difference of clinical presentation and laboratory features in pediatric typhoid fever patient susceptible to first-line antibiotics. [AMJ.2015;2(4):584–90] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n4.653
Creatine Phosphokinase and Visual Analogue Scale as Indicators for Muscle Injury in Untrained Bodybuilders Shanmugam, Suresh; Farenia, Reni; Tristina, Nina
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

Background: Skeletal muscle is a vital tissue in the human body to enable breathing, walking and performing several sports activities. However, this muscle is persistently injured throughout every sports session. Some exercises demand a muscle injury occurrence in order to build a stronger muscle through an adaptation process namely bodybuilding exercise. Importantly, every muscle injury should occur within a physiological range which can be identified by several biomarkers as well as pain scale. The aim of this study was toidentify changes on the level of Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and Visual analogue scale (VAS) between pre and post training sessions and the correlation between these two indicators.Methods: This was an observational analytical cross sectional comparison study which was conducted in October 2012 and the subjects were adult untrained bodybuilders at the Jatinangor fitness center. The data was obtained by measuring serum CPK and marked VAS. The data were analyzed by t-test, Wilcoxon’s test and Spearman’s correlation.Results: Both CPK and VAS increased significantly by 296 U/L and 19.9 mm respectively. There was a strong positive significant correlation between VAS and CPK (p=0.01, r = 0.711).Conclusion: The healthy untrained bodybuilders chosen in this study experienced a mild (<2000 U/L) muscle injury throughout the training sessions with general increased CPK levels and VAS measurement. [AMJ.2015;2(1):147–52]
Mother’s Knowledge, Attitude, Practice toward Safe Water Usage and Incidence of Diarrhea in Children at Baleendah Bandung Mutyara, Kuswandewi; Ermaya, Yudith Setiati; Setiawati, Elsa Pudji; Fattima, Eliza Techa
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
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Abstract

Background: Poor environmental conditions contribute to the high incidence of diarrhea, most of those caused by unsecure water and poor health knowledge. This study was conducted to evaluate the mother’s knowledge, attitude, and practice toward safe water usage in Baleendah, Bandung.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in Baleendah during September−October 2012, participated by 210 mothers with 12−59 months children, and using rapid survey method. This study used a questionnaire to measure the three domains, which consists of 8 questions of knowledge, 10 questions of attitudes, 16 questions of practice, and 7 questions of diarrhea. The collected data were analyzed and presented in table.Results: As much as 168 (80%) of mothers were in moderate knowledge status, 126 (60%) of mothers were in moderate attitude status. Practically, 127 (54.7%) of mothers used water from borehole/tube well. Most of the mothers (54.6%) use drinking water from refillable water store.Conclusions: Most mothers who participated have varied moderate knowledge and attitude status, and practice toward safe water usage. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.503
Ability and Willingness to Pay Premium in the Framework of National Health Insurance System Ramadhan, Aulia Abdillah; Rahmadi, Andri Reza; Djuhaeni, Henni
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: The National Health Insurance is one of the government’s efforts to improve community access to health services. The government has fixed the premiums to be paid by community, except for underprivileged community. The aim of the study was to identify Ability to Pay (ATP) and Willingness to Pay (WTP) of the national health insurance premium.Methods: A descriptive study which involved 210  housewives who were chosen by rapid survey method was conducted from September to November 2013 in Cipacing village, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java. Data collection was using questionnaire to obtain level of ability and willingness to pay the health insurance premium. The results were compared to the required premium by the government (Rp 22,000,-).Results: Most of the respondents were only housewives, but there were still respondents who were private workers. Most of them were 20–39 years old. About 57.6% of the respondents were able to pay for the required premium, but Only 17.4% of the them were willing to pay according to the required premium.Conclusions: The ATP of the respondents are higher compared to the WTP, meaning that most of the respondents are able to pay the requires premium but are not willing to pay it. [AMJ.2015;2(4):502–5] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n4.635
Dermatomycosis among Elementary School Children in Jatinangor West Java Sukmara, Isni Maulina; Miliawati, Risa; Sukandar, Hadyana
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Dermatomycosis often occurs in tropical countries. Many studies from tropical countries have reported high prevalence of dermatomycosis among elementary school children. Despite being a tropical country, prevalence of dermatomycosis among elementary school children in Indonesia is still unknown.The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of dermatomycosis among elementary school children in Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java in September–November 2012.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional descriptive survey method. The 328 children from five elementary schools in Jatinangor were included in the study using multistage sampling technique. Medical history and physical examination was performed to all subjects. Subjects who had skin lesion suspected fordermatomycosis were examined with direct microscopic examination using 10% solutions of potassium hydroxide (KOH). Data were presented as frequent analysis distribution using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0.Results: Of 328 children (174 males, 154 females; aged 5–14 years), 35 (10.6%) had lesions suggestive of dermatomycosis but only 5 children (1.5%) were positive for dermatomycosis. Males are more prevalent females, patients were in ≥10 years age group. Four cases were Pityriasis versicolor, while one was diagnosed with tinea facialis.Conclusions: Dermatomycosis among elementary school children in Jatinangor had a low prevalence, with only 4 cases of Pityriasis versicolor and one tinea facialis case. [AMJ.2015;2(1):268–75]
Pattern of Intussusception on Infants and Children in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung Kusmaheidi, Silmina; Diposarosa, Rizki; Nugraha, Harry Galuh
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Intussusception is the most frequent cause of acute intestinal obstruction in infants and toddlers. Incidence was reported at 1.5 to 4 cases for every 1000 live birth. In Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, 55 cases were reported between 2005–2008. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of intussusception patients at Department of Pediatric Surgery Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung periode 2009–2011.Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study by using medical records of intussusceptions patient’s from January 2009 to December 2011. The information collected were age, gender, chief complaint, signs and symptoms, onset of symptoms, nutritional status, history of previous infection, type of intussusceptions, pathologic lead point, and complications; including bowel necrosis and sepsis. The collected data was analyzed and presented as percentages shown in tablesResults: There were 32 cases found, of which 84.4% affected well-nourished infants <1 year. Male was predominant (2:1). Bloody mucous stool was the major chief complaint (84.4%). Accompanying symptoms were pain due to colic, vomiting, bloating, and abdominal mass. Eleven patients were found with the onset of symptoms at ≤24 hours. Thirty-one percent (31%) cases were reported with the history of respiratory tract infection and 44% cases with the history of diarrhea. Most common type found was ileocolic. Pathologic lead point was only found in a single case.Conclusions: Intussusception cases in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital are decreasing, with the characteristics mainly affect well-nourished children, under 1 year old, predominantly male. The prominent chief complaint is bloody mucous stool, whereas ileocolic is the most common type with history of infection. [AMJ.2015;2(3):458–62] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.502
Anti-hyperglycemic Effect of Psidium guajava Leaf Infusion Zartiana, Rizda Nurul; Surialaga, Samsudin; Permana, Hikmat
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2015)
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Abstract

Background: Prevalence of diabetes mellitus is estimated to increase annually. Numerous people use traditional medicine, such as the Poidium guajava leaf to prevent this disease. This study aimed to analyse the effect of Psidium guajava leaf to inhibit glucose absorption in intestine epithelial membrane of wistar rats.Methods: This laboratory experimental study used 5 wistar rats as subjects in the Laboratory of Biochemistry at Padjadjaran University from 10−26 October 2012. All rats were given three solutions by in situ perfusionmethod. The first was 25 ml 3.0 X 10-3 M glucose solution, the second was 25 ml 3.0 X 10-3 M glucose solution with 1 ml Psidium guajava infusion added, and the third was 25 ml 3.0 X 10-3 M glucose solution.The sample from each solution was taken five times at 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after the solutions were given. The spectrophotometer was to quantify the concentration of glucose from the samples. Data were analyzed using Friedman and Wilcoxon test.Results:The means of glucose concentration for each solution from the first solution to the third were 6.126 mg/dl, 2.447 mg/dl, and 5.345 mg/dl. The probability value showed significant difference between the first and second solutions (p ≤ 0.05).Conclusions: Psidium guajava leaf infusion can inhibit glucose absorption in wistar rat intestine and the effect is reversible. [AMJ.2015;2(4):546–9] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n4.508
Nurses’ Knowledge of Blood Culture Sampling Procedure Iswari, Wulan Ardhana; Murad, Chrysanti; Parwati, Ida
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

Background: False-positive blood culture results due to contaminated samples have shown to increasepatients’ health costs, including the use of broad spectrum antibiotics and prolonged hospital length ofstay. While previous research have suggested that increasing staff knowledge on proper specimen collectionlowers contamination rates significantly, staff’s current knowledge of hospital-recommended samplecollection procedure have yet to be assessed in Dr. Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study on 81 Emergency Department nurses in Dr. HasanSadikin General Hospital, Indonesia. Subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire in order to measuretheir knowledge of blood culture sampling procedure in accordance with the hospital’s standard operatingprocedure.Results: Among 81 subjects enrolled, 51 managed to adequately describe the prerequisites in proper bloodculture sampling procedure and their purpose as dictated by Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital’s standardoperating procedure.Conclusions: Up to 67% of nurses conducting blood sampling procedure in Dr. Hasan Sadikin GeneralHospital’s Emergency Department understood the prerequisites of hospital-recommended blood culturesampling procedure and their purpose.
Physical Fitness Component Profiles of Futsal Team Members of Universitas Padjadjaran in November 2011 Tanri, Raden Muhammad; Juliati, Juliati; Vitriana, Vitriana
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background:  To be a good athlete, an athlete needs to possess good predominant components of physical fitness. Futsal Team of Universitas Padjadjaran has never won any competition. This study was conducted to identify the predominant component profiles of physical fitness of Futsal Team members of Universitas Padjadjaran. The predominant component profiles were classified based on the Indonesian National Sport Committee (KONI) standard.Methods: This study was carried out at the Faculty of Medicine Student Center of Universitas Padjadjaran in November 2012. Twenty two members of the Futsal Team were enrolled as subjects of the study. The study used the step test to examine aerobic endurance; the leg dynamometer to measure leg muscle strength; the squat jump test to test the leg muscle endurance; the vertical jump test to measure leg muscle power; and the sit and reach test to measure lower extremity flexibility. The data collected were analyzed using percentage.Results: Leg muscle strength was mostly in the fair category (95%). Leg muscle power was mostly in the good category (41%). Leg muscle endurance was mostly in the good category (82%). Leg flexibility was mostly in the excellent category (91%) and aerobic endurance was mostly in the good category (41%).Conclusions: Only several members of Universitas Padjadjaran Futsal Team have an excellent physical fitness profile. Most of the members fell into the fair and good category. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.524

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