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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
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Articles 1,068 Documents
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Familial Analysis of Patients with Hypertension in Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia Hayati, Keumala; Sofiatin, Yulia; Rahayuningsih, Sri Endah; Roesli, Rully M.A.
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a disease that is influenced by genetic factors, although the single gene affecting the occurrence of the disease has not been yet discovered. Genetic analysis and familial analysis on hypertension are needed to be done but genetic analysis needs substantial fund, and familial analysis on hypertension has been never done in community. Besides sharing the genetic factors, family also shares similar environment and life style. Latest study showed that the association between genetic and environmental factors can affect the phenotype of chronic disease suchas hypertension. The study was aimed to explore the family history contribution of patients with hypertension in Jatinangor.Methods: This was a descriptive-quantitave study. The subjects were 283 hypertensive patients in Jatinangor with complete data of family history. The data was retrospectively obtained from secondary data of a previous study conducted in Community Health and Well-ness Study Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran titled Epidemiology of Hypertension and Albuminuria in Jatinangor 2014. Familial analysis conducted in this study was modified trios analysis.Results: In this modified trios analysis, there was only 20% of total patients with hypertension who have history of hypertension in two generations of their family. The proportion of patients with hypertension who have history of hypertension in one generation of their family was greater. More than 45% from the total 283 patients with hypertension analyzed in this study have family history of hypertension.Conclusions: Familial analysis using modified trios analysis showed similar results with the study conducted using other genetical analysis.
Effects of Psidium guajava Leaf Infusion on Streptococci viridans Yi Chen, Hing; Kuswardinah, Ine; Aznur, Laili
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Dental caries is recognized as the most important oral burden. It is caused by the formation of lactate acid formed through reaction of bacteria and carbohydrates. Streptococci viridans has been proven as the primary etiologic agents for dental caries. Low accessibility in oral care services leads the Indonesian community to use plants in order to prevent dental caries. One of those plants is Psidium guajava (pink guava). The leaves were suggested to have antimicrobial effects on some gram-positive bacteria. When the organism is resistant to specific substance tested on media, a circular/inhibition zone around a disc containing antimicrobial substance was formed. The purpose of this study was to identify the presence of inhibition zones by infusion of Psidium guajava leaf on Streptococci viridians in vitro.Methods: This laboratory experiment was carried out in September to October 2014 at the Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. Infusions of Psidium guajava leaf were made into four different concentrations (10%, 25%, 50% and 100%, respectively) and the identification of inhibition zones on Streptococci viridans obtained from the laboratory was tested using modified disk diffusion test. Distilled water acted as negative control. The results were then interpreted after 24 hours of incubation. Every procedure was repeated three times.Results: All four concentrations of Psidium guajava leaf infusions have formed inhibition zones on the media, with the highest concentration (100%) producing largest average diameter.Conclusions: The infusion of Psidium guajava leaf produces inhibition zones on Streptococci virdans in vitro. [AMJ.2016;3(3):345–8] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.877
Correlation between Mid Upper Arm Muscle Area/Size and Muscle Strength Bin, Tan Yong; Vitriana, Vitriana; Nurhayati, Titing
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Muscle area/size reflects the true magnitude of muscle tissue changes. Muscle strength is an active tension generated by muscle that depends on its capacity to exert force on an object. The relation between the quantity of muscle area and the amount of muscle strength is suggested. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between mid-upper arm muscle area/size and muscular strength.Methods: This analytic study with ten subjects (medical students) who met the inclusion and exclusion criteriawas conducted at the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran in Jatinangor campus from 22th of April to 1st of November 2014. A skinfold calliper was used to measure triceps skinfold while a measuring tape measured the mid-upper arm circumference and a dynamometer measured the muscle strength. A formula was used to determine the mid-upper arm muscle area/size using mid-upper arm circumference and triceps skinfold. The collected data were analyzed statistically using correlation test and simple linear regression.Results: There was a strong correlation between mid-upper arm muscle area/size and muscular strength (correlation cooefficient 0.746). Moreover, the higher the Body Mass Index, the stronger the muscle strength was to some point. If the BMI was more than 25 kg/m2, this findings did not occurred.Conclusions: There is a strong positive correlation between mid-upper arm muscle area/size and arm muscle strength. [AMJ.2016;3(4):590–5]
Treatment Failure of Ampicillin to Children with Pneumonia at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from 2014–2015 Suharno, Kania Devi; Husen, Ike Rostikawati; Sudarwati, Sri
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Pneumonia is one of the causes of death in infants in developing countries especially Indonesia. Appropriate treatment is needed to decrease mortality rate in children due to pneumonia. Ampicillin is one of first choices empirical antibiotic to children with severe pneumonia. The study was aimed to determine the failure rate of ampicillin in children with severe pneumonia.Methods: This study was a descriptive study which used medical records as source of data. Subjects were children aged 2–59 months with World Health Organization (WHO) defined with severe pneumonia and treated with intravenous ampicillin during January 2014 to July 2015 at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. Samples were obtained using total sampling method while variables were analyzed using statistics software.Results: This study acquired 107 patients who met the inclusion criteria with 23.36% of them aged 2–11 months and 62.21% aged 12–23 months. Majority of subjects were male amounted as 63.55% while female occupied 36.45%. Treatment failure on the third day was 45.8% while 16.7% on the sixth day of therapy with majority failure due to existence of lower chest indrawing.Conclusions: Treatment failure on the third and sixth day of therapy still high that is characterized by the existence of lower chest indrawing as its main factor. [AMJ.2017;4(1):100–6]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1029
Level of Activity Daily Living in Post Stroke Patients Whitiana, Greesea Dinamaria; Vitriana, Vitriana; Cahyani, Aih
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (86.066 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1068

Abstract

Background: Stroke is the leading cause of disability and dependency which directly decrease patient’slife quality . Disability caused by stroke can be prevented by holistic and comprehensive management plan of stroke. Until now, there was no study conducted to evaluate management for post stroke patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital (RSHS). Therefore, this studyaimed to describe level of activities of daily living (ADL) in post stroke patients in Neurology unit of RSHS as a basic evaluation for a better management hereafter.Methods: This descriptive quantitative study participated by 31 post-stroke outpatients in Neurology Policlinic of RSHS was conducted from September to October 2015. Interviews were done to assess level of ADL by the Barthel Index score. Variables  correlated with ADL (age, gender, stroke type, stroke occurrence, stroke risk factors and muscle strength) were collected from medical records. Collected data was input and presented in tables. Results: There were 19 females and 12 males with the age group of 55-64 year old (35.5%). Most subjects had first stroke attack (71.0%). The most common type and risk factor were ischemic stroke (83.9%) and hypertension (81%) respectively. Patients with a maximum score in the entire extremity muscle strength were in the range of 60-70%. Out of the 31 patients, 18 (58.1%) were classified as independent in ADL. Conclusions: The majority of post stroke patients in the Neurology unit of RSHS wereindependent in ADL.  DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1068
Association between Mothers’ Characteristics, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice and Intestinal Helminthes Infection on Children Hakiki, Nadhira Permata; Faridah, Lia; Dhamayanti, Meita
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: The prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthes infection in Indonesia is still high, especially in children aged 3 to 8 years old. Helminthes infection cause loss of nutrition, delay physical development, intelligence, and labor productivity and decrease immunity. Mothers’ characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and practice are some of the factors that influence the occurrence of intestinal helminthes infection on children. This study was aimed to find the association between mothers’ characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and practice and the occurrence of intestinal helminthes infection on children.Methods: The study was conducted at Jatinangor Cohort’s research center from August to September 2014 using cross sectional analysis. One hundred and forty five secondary data were collected using validated questionnaire that filled by mothers and results of feces on children were tested. The amount of data excluded due to incomplete was 8, the data utilized was then analyzed by Chi Square evaluation.Results: Mothers’ characteristics such as age (P = 0.611), education (P = 0.952), occupation (P = 0.876), income (P = 0.199), and knowledge (P = 0.424; OR = 1.333), attitude (P = 0.236; OR = 0.808), practice (P = 0.333; OR = 4.625) did not have a significant association with the occurrence of intestinal helminthes infection on children.Conclusions: Characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and practice of the mothers towards the intestinal helminthes infection do not associate with the occurrence of intestinal helminthes infection on children. [AMJ.2016;3(2):248–53] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.794
Description of Treatment Outcomes among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Bandung City in 2014 Hamdan, Syafinaz; Rohmawaty, Enny; Lestari, Bony Wiem
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (pulmonary TB) is an infectious lung disease which is still a major health problem in the world. In Indonesia, pulmonary TB treatment outcomes are monitored and assessed in Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) as an indicator of national TB control program performance. Therefore, the study was conducted to determine the treatment outcomes among pulmonary TB patients in Bandung City.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data. The sample sizes were 1,598 pulmonary TB patients taken by total sampling with data collected from TB Registration database of Bandung city at Infectious Disease Control Unit, Bandung City Health Office (Unit Kontrol Penyakit Menular, Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bandung) from January to December 2014. The treatment outcomes were classified as successful (cured and treatment completed) and unsuccessful (failed, defaulted, and died).Results: Out of the 1,598 TB patients, most of the respondents were male, aged 15–24 years old and from Public Health Center (Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat, Puskesmas) and hospital. A total of 1,008 treatments (63.08%) were cured, 292 (18.27%) were completed, 47 (2.94%) were failed, 211 (13.21%) were defaulted, and 40 (2.50%) were died. Total of transferred outpatients were 134 and  not considered as treatment outcome.Conclusions: From the results, it can be concluded that 81.35% and 18.65% were considered as successful and unsuccessful outcome respectively, thus, did not achieve WHO target of 85%. Therefore, DOTS program implemented in Bandung City should be reviewed to improve success rate of the treatment outcome.
Supplement Consumption among Post stroke Patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Rahayu, Annisa; Novitri, Novitri; Utami, Novi Vicahyani
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of global disability. Post stroke rehabilitation program becomes the key to gain functional recovery. Thus it minimizes disabilities. Multiple studies have been carried out to gain greater functional outcomes for post stroke patients, including medical therapy such as supplements. However, supplement effectiveness in providing stroke recovery or prevention is still debatable. There is no data of supplement consumption among post stroke patients; therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the supplement consumption among post stroke patients.Methods: This study was a cross sectional descriptive study using primary data with a consecutive sampling method. Minimum samples for this study were 42 post stroke respondents who followed rehabilitation program. This study was conducted at Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from June until November 2013. The interviews were done after written informed consent was obtained. Descriptive statistics such as frequency distributin and proportion were used to analyze the data.Results: From 42 respondents, 23 (55%) respondents consumed the supplement. From 34 supplements recorded, 56% were herbs supplements; followed by multivitamin (29%), mineral (6%), multivitamin and mineral (6%), and other supplement (3%). The most frequent ingredients composed in the supplements were B1, B6 and B12 vitamin (7%).Conclusions: More than a half of post stroke patients at Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital are supplement users, with herbal supplements as the majority. The most frequent ingredients used are B1, B6 and B12 vitamin. [AMJ.2016;3(3):451–8]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.865
Correlation Between Radiographic Grading of Osteoarthritis, Pain Severity and Functional Status in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients Khairina, Annisa Dwi; Moeliono, Marina A.; Rahmadi, Andri Reza
Althea Medical Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis is a joint degenerative disease characterized with structural changes of joint. The structural changes can be assessed with radiological assessment. Major clinical manifestations may include pain, inflammation, and stiffness, resulting in limitations for performing daily activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between radiographic grading of osteoarthritis, pain severity, and lower extremities functional status in patients with knee osteoarthritis.Methods: The study involved 29 patients with knee osteoarthritis in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung and Bandung District General Hospital during the period of August to October 2014 using the cross sectional method. This study used NRS (Numeric Rating Scale) for pain severity assessment, Kellgren-Lawrence criteria for radiographic grading of osteoarthritis, and Modified Lower Extremity Funcional Scale for functional status assessment. The data were analyzed using statistical analysis tools. If the data were normally distributed, the correlation test will be carried out  by using the Pearson correlation test and if the data were not normally distributed then the Spearman’s Correlation test will be used.Results: Correlation coefficient between severity of pain and functional status is r= -0,439 with p value= 0.17 (p<0.05). There was no significant correlation between radiographic grading of osteoarthritis and functional status (p > 0.05).Conclusions: The severity of pain correlates with the functional status of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee, while radiographic grading of osteoarthritis does not correlate with functional status. Keywords: 
Refractive Errors in State Junior High School Students in Bandung Nikmah, Sabila Tasyakur; Rifada, Raden Maula; Santoso, Putri Teesa Radhiyanti
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

Background: Uncorrected refractive error is one of the avoidable causes of vision impairment in children and adults. Vision problem in children has been shown to affect their psychological and academic performance. This study aims at identifying and gaining more insights on the characteristic of the refractive errors in state junior high school students in Bandung to avoid uncorrected refractive errors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in September–November 2015 in state junior high schools in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Sample was selected using multistage random sampling technique. Children were examined using tumbling E examination; then students with visual acuity worse than 6/12 underwent Snellen Chart test, refractometry without pupil dilatation, correction with trial lens, then was followed by direct ophthalmoscopy.Results: From a total of 435 children who completed all the examination, 80 children (18.39%) had refractive errors; consisted of 151 eyes (94.38%) with myopia and 9 eyes (5.62%) with astigmatism. Refractive errors were found to be more common in female children (73.7%) than male children (26.3%). Among those with refractive errors, 45 children (56.3%) did not use any corrective glasses before the examination.Conclusions: Routine refractive error test in vision screening examination is needed for students. It is equally important to raise more awareness toward eye disease in community. [AMJ.2016;3(3):545–8]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.936

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