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Althea Medical Journal

amj
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Published by Universitas Padjadjaran

ISSN : - EISSN : 23374330 DOI : 10.15850/amj

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.

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Articles 1,068 Documents

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Public Opinion Regarding Information on Porcine-Contained Medications Anindhita Paramita Wibowo; Yoni Fuadah Syukriani; Teguh Marfen Djajakusumah
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (265.299 KB)

Background: Drugs are biological products, a single or combination of active and additives components. Some additional components are derived from porcine, a substance that is haraam for Muslims. Patient’s rights, such as medication information, are substantial in decision-making process. Medical decision-making in the Eastern culture is not only the patient’s affair, but also family’s interest. This study aimed to determine the public opinion on that matter. Methods: This study was conducted in October–November 2014 using qualitative methods. Data collection was performed in the District of Jatinangor, Sumedang Regency by using the purposive sampling method. Six respondents were selected. Data were collected through in-depth interview techniques and were analyzed using content analysis technique.Results: There were 3 main responses regarding the respondent’s opinions. First, respondents showed several attitudes toward drugs in general and also several attitudes toward porcine-contained drugs. Respondents showed concern for the medications used and wished either to be informed or not about the prohibited substance in the drugs. The decision-making process of respondents was performed by each individual or family, with the guidance of religious scholars. In a doctor-patient relationship, the doctors should be more active in providing information on the medications and the opportunity for patients to choose drugs. Respondents also had a high dependency to the physicians in making medical decisions.Conclusions: Public opinion on patient’s rights regarding porcine-contained drugs shows the people’s attitude towards drugs in general and porcine-contained drugs in particular, the decision-making process and the relationship between physicians and patients.

Effects of Morinda citrifolia Leaf Extract on Glucose Absorption through Intestinal Epithelial Membrane in Wistar Rat Models Rikho Melga Shalim; Mas Rizky A. A. Syamsunarno; Muhammad Nurhalim Shahib
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia) has been used as herbal medicine by Indonesian people. However, the effect of noni leaves as an antihyperglycemic agent is still unknown. This study was conducted to find out the effect of Morinda citrifolia leaves on glucose absorption through intestinal epithelial membrane in wistar rat models.Methods: The study was conducted in November 2015 at the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. We used in situ perfusion and rats were divided into 2 groups. The first group used glucose solution as a control. The second group used glucose with extracts. Specimens were taken before and after perfusion to check the amount of glucose with spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis using t-test was conducted to compare the total absorbed concentration of glucose from each group. Results: From calculation we found the kinetic value (Km) of glucose absorption without extract (Km=17.24) and with extract (Km=16.67). Statistical test showed there was no significant in results (p>0.05).Conclusions: There is no effect of Morinda citrifolia leaf extract on glucose absorption. However, kinetics of glucose absorption suggested a non-competitive inhibition by Morinda citrifolia leaf extract.

Relationship between Diet, Cosmetics and Degree of Acne Vulgaris in Dermatovenereology Outpatients at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya Mah Zhook Yueng; Diah Mira Indramaya; Arifa Mustika
Althea Medical Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory multifactorial disease that involves the pilosebaceous unit. The lesions of acne may be either non-inflammatory (comedones, which are blackheads or whiteheads) or inflammatory lesions (papules, nodules or pustules). The effects of diet and cosmetics on acne are still inconclusive. The objective of this study was to analyse the relationship between diet, cosmetics and the degree of AV.Methods: This was a hospital-based, analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. The subjects were patients from the Outpatient Clinic of Dermatovenereology Department of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. The questionnaire was filled by the respondents and the degree of AV was graded by the specialist. Results: Among the types of diet, white bread (p=0.039), chocolate (p=0.044) and oily food (p=0.013) are significantly associated with the degree of AV. However, white rice, potatoes and milk were insignificantly related to degree of AV (p>0.05). No significant association was found in cosmetics (cleanser, moisturizer, facial protection, exfoliators and decorative cosmetics) with the degree of AV (p>0.05).Conclusions: The factors that have an influence on the degree of AV are white bread, chocolate and oily food intake.

Characteristics of Patients Who Underwent Mastoidectomy: A Two Years Experience Ashwini Gunasekaran; Sally Mahdiani; Fifi Veronica
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Mastoidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove an infected portion of the bone behind the ear called mastoiditis when medical treatment is not effective. Patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) complications mostly need this surgery in order to maintain the normal function of hearing. Chronic mastoiditis and cholesteatoma are the most common indications of CSOM. This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of patients who underwent mastoidectomy at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, from 2012– 2013.Methods: A descriptive study using total sampling method was conducted. Data were collected from medical records of 41 patients who underwent mastoidectomy at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from 2012–2013. Inclusion criteria were medical records of patients who underwent mastoidectomy, and consisted of variables studied, such as age, gender, chief complaint, main etiology, method of surgery, and presence of abnormalities in the structure of middle ear. Incomplete medical records were excluded. The collected data were presented using percentage.Results: Age ranged from 15–64 years (85.37%), male patients were higher (65.9%) compared to female patients (34.1%). Otorrhea (70.73%) was the main chief complaint and infection (100%) was the main cause. Majority of patients had canal wall down (CWD) surgery (63.41%) and many abnormalities were found in the inner ear structure during the surgery.Conclusions: Infection is the only cause and otorrhea is the main indication for mastoidectomy. Most patients have been operated with CWD technique.

Effects of Calcium Bentonite on High Blood Cholesterol Level Hendro Sudjono Yuwono; Fadhli Rajif Tangke; Reni Farenia
Althea Medical Journal Vol 5, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Calcium bentonite has been known to decrease high blood cholesterol level. This study aimed to explore whether a local calcium bentonite from West Java, Indonesia, had effect on lowering total blood cholesterol level.Methods: A laboratory experimental study was carried out on thirty adult male Wistar rats’ at Laboratory animals, Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Universitas Padjadjaran in 2012. The rats were divided into five groups with six rats in each group, consisting of group I (negative control) with standard diet and distilled water, group II (positive control) with high lipid diet and distilled water, group III with high lipid diet and ezetimibe 0.18 g/rat/day, groups IV with high lipid diet and calcium bentonite 0.25 g/rat/day, group V with high lipid diet and calcium bentonite 0.5 g/rat/day. Ezetimibe as was used as this was an inhibitory agent of intestinal cholesterol absorption. Blood cholesterol levels were measured and analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey’s post-hoc test.Results: Oral calcium bentonite at 0.25 g/rat/day and 0.5 g/rat/day significantly decrease total blood cholesterol level relative to the positive control group, 31.68% (p=0.018) and 32.87% (p=0.006) respectively, but its effect is inferior to ezetimibe 62.83% (p=0.000).Conclusions: Local calcium bentonite from West Java, Indonesia, has a significant lowering effect, however, the effect is less comparing to ezetimibe.

Incidence of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia based on Their Characteristics at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Indonesia Namira Bening Nurani; Fiva Aprillia Kadi; Tiene Rostini
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Background: Hyperbilirubinemia is the most frequent clinical condition that occurs in neonates identified by yellow discoloration of the skin and other tissues. It is caused by elevations of bilirubin level as the effect of increased breakdown of red blood cells, impaired conjugation of indirect bilirubin, and incomplete bilirubin excretion. This study was conducted to discribe the characteristics of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.Methods: This study used descriptive quantitative method which took retrospective data from medical record of neonates with hiperbilirubinemia in 2014. The population of this study was neonates which were born in the perinatology division at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. The variables collected were gender, gestational age, weight birth, general condition ad treatment options. The collected data were tabulated and presented by percentage and in the form of a table.Results: One hundred and seventy four of 230 medical records of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia were collected based on the inclusion criteria. The results showed that 8.04% of 2,531 neonates born at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2014 suffered from hyperbilirubinemia. Males (56.9%) were higher than females to have hyperbilirubinemia. Neonates born at term gestational age (55.2%) were more likely to have hyperbilirubinemia with low birth weight category (51.7%), healthy general condition (60.4%). The most treatment option was phototherapy (54.6%).Conclusions: Most neonates with hyperbilirubinemia are males, who were born at aterm gestational age, with low birth weight. Most of the neonates are in healthy general condition and the most common treatment given to neonates is phototherapy.

Effect of Antihyperglycemic Agents on Hemoglobin A1c Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Tasya Kamila; Vycke Yunivita Kusumah Dewi; Miftahurachman Miftahurachman
Althea Medical Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients require continuous lifelong attention to pharmacotherapy to achieve and maintain optimal glucose control, which can be monitored through measuring HbA1c. This study aimed to see the comparrison of HbA1c levels before and after a minimum of two months use of antihyperglycemic agents in patients with T2DM.Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study used medical records of patients with T2DM in the center of outpatient medical records at the Department of Clinical Pathology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, in 2013. Sampling was conducted using consecutive sampling technique. The data analysis used the paired t-test and Wilcoxon test for not normal data distribution.Results: Before and after a minimum of two months use of antihyperglycemic agents, HbA1c concentration was 7.15% (6.1–12.2) and 7.3% (5.9–11.9) respectively. Statistically, the difference of HbA1c concentration of T2DM patients between those period was not significant (0.15%; p=0,812). Mean HbA1c concentration was found with greatest decrease in patients treated with sulfonylurea (2.25%), followed by insulin (0.1%). There were increases in mean HbA1c concentration in patients treated with metformin (0.05%), metformin+insulin (1.1%), sulfonylurea +metformin (0.6%), sulfonylurea+alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (1.1%), and sulfonylurea + metformin + alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (0.05%).Conclusions: There is no significant difference of HbA1c levels before and after two months to two years use of antihyperglycemic agents in T2DM patients. This result showed the importance of comprehensiveness in T2DM therapy. The therapy should not merely consist of antihyperglycemic medication alone, but also physical exercise, lifestyle modification, and diet control.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection among University Freshmen Students Year 2016/2017 Hervina Agustinawaty; Bony Wiem Lestari; Rudi Wisaksana
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is one of the most serious public health and social problems in the world. Transmission of HIV occurs in the age group of 20 years or below. One of the ways to prevent HIV transmission is to improve the knowledge so the attitude and practice can be changed. The objectives of this study was to identify the knowledge, attitude, and practice of HIV infection among university freshmen students year 2016/2017.Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional quantitative study. Samples were selected using proportional random sampling and primary data were collected using questionnaires which were self-completed by 122 Universitas Padjadjaran freshmen students year 2016/2017 in November 2016. Questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic, knowledge, attitude, and practice data regarding to HIV infection. The collected data was analyzed dan presented in the form of tables and figure.Results: Respondents had a median age criterion of 18 years, 52.5% were female, 73.8% high school originated outside Bandung and 19.4% knew information about HIV/AIDS through the internet. There were 18.9% of the respondents classified as having “Good” knowledge, 63.9% classified as “Satisfactory” and the other 17.2% were classified as having “Poor” knowledge of HIV. There were 52.5% respondents who had negative attitude towards HIV discussion and 96.7% of the respondents had good practice.Conclusions: Lack of knowledge and negative attitude towards HIV infection and the presence of high risk practice for HIV infection demanded that students should receive reproduction health education to support the prevention of HIV infection.

Characteristics of Liposarcoma Patients: 5-Year Data Miftahur Rahmah; Afiati Afiati; Unwati Sugiri
Althea Medical Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Liposarcoma is the second highest soft tissue sarcoma in adults with prevalence of 15% to 25%. If the size of liposarcoma is very large, it may cause abdominal pain, weight loss, gastrointestinal bleeding, even kidney failure. Therefore, for early detection of liposarcoma, the characteristics of liposarcoma should be investigated. This study aimed to determine liposarcoma characteristics based on age, sex, location and histopathologic type according to WHO (World Health Organization) Classification of Tumors 2013.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted from August to October 2015 at the Department of Anatomic Pathology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. Data was obtained from database of patients with liposarcoma at the Department of Anatomic Pathology in the period of January 2010 to December 2014. The collected data was presented in the form of figures and tables.Results: Out of 102 cases, the percentage of liposarcoma was highest between the age of 50 and 59 years (31.37%), followed by the age of 40–49 years (28.43%). The percentage were slightly higher in males (54.9%) compared to females with a ratio of 1.22:1. Femur (23.52%), intraabdomen (22.55%) and retroperitoneum (11.76%) were the most common locations affected. The most common histopathologic subtype was myxoid liposarcoma (52.95%) exceeding a half of the total cases.Conclusions: Liposarcoma most likely occurs in the age range of 40–60 years, the percentage is slightly higher in males, and abdomen and lower extremities are the most common location affected. Myxoid liposarcoma is the most common subtype.

Inhibitory Effect of Neem Leaves on Glucose Transport Lia Safitrie Johansyah; Vycke Yunivita; Anna Martiana; Augusta Y. L. Arifin
Althea Medical Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Neem leaf is known as a diabetic herbal treatment in India, however, its antihyperglycemic effect and the mechanism is still unknown. Quercetin is proven to inhibit glucose transporter in the small intestine, and this active substance is present in Neem leaves. The study was conducted to explore the inhibitory effect of Neem leaves infusion on glucose transport and whether the effect was reversible or irreversible.Methods: This study was conducted in the Biochemistry Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran in the period of October to November 2012 by using in situ perfusion method. Five male Wistar rats were given three treatments; glucose as initial control, glucose with Neem infusion, and glucose again as last control. The samples of perfusion solution were taken for every treatment and were measured using spectrophotometry method.Results: There was a reduction in glucose absorption (15.9%) between the first (47.28+17.57 mg/dL) and the second treatment (39.75+14.85 mg/dL). The transported glucose level in the third treatment was further reduced after the first treatment (37.15+13.15 mg/dL).Conclusions: Neem leaves infusion has inhibitory effect on glucose transport that irreversibly reduced further. Further study is needed with a larger sample size to confirm this phenomenon.

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Contact Name
-

Contact Email
-

Phone
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Journal Mail Official
chiefeditor.amj@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Gedung Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Unpad/Pamitran Unpad (Teaching Hospital Building) Faculty of Medicine Unpad, 3rd Floor Jl. Prof. Eyckman No. 38, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia

Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA