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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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Anti-inflammatory Effect of Trigona spp. Propolis in Restricting Edema Volume Wulantika Nurhayati; Vycke Yunivita Kusumah Dewi; Teguh Marfen Djajakusumah
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

  Background: Inflammation is a normal response that potentially harmful if it is uncontrolled. On the other hand, it is necessary to find an alternative anti-inflammatory as most anti-inflammatory drugs available nowadays still have adverse effects. Trigona spp. propolis is one of the potential anti-inflammatory alternatives because of its flavonoid, especially caffeic acid phenethyl ester, which is known as an active compound in anti-inflammatory process. This study aimed to understand the anti-inflammatory effect of Trigona spp. prolisin reducing edema volume in rat’s paw.Methods: An experimental study was performed on 20 male wistar rats. The rats were divided into control and experimental groups with 10 rats in each group. Control group was treated by propylene glycol 1 ml/day and experimental group was treated by Trigona spp. propolis 200 mg/kg body weight/day. The inflammation was induced by subcutaneous injection of λ-carrageenan 1% at plantar one hour after the treatment. Edema volumes were measured by plethysmometer every hour at 1 to 6 hours and once at 24 hours after induction. The difference in edema volumes was calculated in percentage. This study was conducted during October 2012 at the Pharmacology and Therapy Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung.Results: The increase of edema volume (in percentage) in control group and Trigona spp. propolis treated group are 100.64±32.22 and 56.46±20.38 respectively (p value=0.000). Multiple comparisons using Dunnet and Duncan post hoc test showed significant differences that were observed at 3, 4, 5, and 6 hours after inflammatory induction.Conclusion: Trigona spp. propolis has an anti-inflammatory effect in reducing edema volume in rat’s paw. The most significant effect was observed at 3, 4, 5, and 6 hours after inflammatory induction. Trigona spp. propolis might have a potential to be developed as a future anti-inflammatory drug.Keywords: Edema volume, inflammation, propylene glycol, Trigona spp, propolisDOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n1.440 
Functional Status of Stroke Patients at Neurologic Outpatient Clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Lee Shok Chen; Marina A. Moeliono; Lisda Amalia
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Functional status refers to the ability of an individual to perform normal daily activity required to meet basic needs, fulfill usual roles, and maintain health and well-being. The objective of this study was to evaluate the level of disability and independency of stroke patients who had undergone rehabilitation therapy as the routine activity using Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADLs) and basic Activity of Daily Living (BADLs). Methods: This descriptive study carried out from September to October 2014 at Neurologic outpatient clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung with a total 33 subjects. Barthel index and IADLs questionnaire was used as an instrumental tool. Barthel index was used to measure the level of disability and IADLs was used to measure the level of independency of an individual.Results: From the 33 patients, 20 patients completed their rehabilitation therapy; 5 patients showed a moderate disability and 15 patients showed a mild disability at the Barthel Index of ADLs. The result of IADLs showed that 7 patients who completed the therapy had moderate level of independency, and 3 patients were at the category of high level of independency.Conclusions: Most of the stroke patients have moderate disability in Barthel Index and had low level of independency in IADLs. [AMJ.2016;3(1):126–31] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n1.720
Skull and Posterior Rib Fractures with Respiratory Failure caused by Child Abuse Dzulfikar Djalil Lukmanul Hakim; Elza Noviani
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Presence of multiple fractures suggests child abuse. Skull fractures rarely occurred but posterior rib fractures are commonly found and have high specificity as a radiological finding in child abuse. A respiratory failure can occur as a result of the damage to the osseous structure of the thorax that destabilizes the rib cage and impairs spontaneous breathing mechanism.Methods: A case report of a 6-month-old boy who presented with respiratory failure, multiple bilateral parietal and occipital bone fractures, and also fractures of right rib 5–8. The patient required ventilatory support for 9 days in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Dr.HasanSadikin General Hospital.Results: The patient was on ventilatory support for 9 days, and was given antibiotics for 2 weeks. Next,   the patient was referred to the High Care Unit (HCU) after the condition was stabilized, and then referred to the ward, for treatment by the Social Pediatric Division. The patient was still having issues about his foster care. Conclusions: Recognition of presence of fractures is important in early diagnosis and treatment of  child abuse. [AMJ.2017;4(1):107–10] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1030
Incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Related to Annual Rainfall, Population Density, Larval Free Index and Prevention Program in Bandung 2008 to 2011 Anggia Karina; Sri Yusnita Irda Sari; Uun Sumardi; Elsa Pudji Setiawati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains one of health problems in all provinces in Indonesia including West Java. Bandung as the capital of West Java province has dengue prevalence that is above the average prevalence of all provinces. This study aimed to describe the pattern of dengue incidence rate, annual rainfall, population density, and larval free index as well as the implementation of prevention program in sub-districts with the highest incidence rate in Bandung between 2008 and 2011.Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was conducted in September 2012 using secondary data during the period of January 2008 to December 2011. The incidence rate was calculated based on DHF patients who live in Bandung. Data were analyzed using computer and Arc View 3.3. Pattern of incidence rate was characterized with red, yellow, and green region respectively. Results: The highest incidence rate of DHF occurred in 2009. Incidence increased in January to February and declined in the end of the year. Subdistricts with highest incidence had no highest annual rainfall and the population density below the average of population density in Bandung. The highest implementation of fogging program was not only performed in high incidence subdistricts but also in area with larval free index less than 95%. Larval free index in subdistricts with highest incidence were not all below 95%.Conclusions: Incidence of DHF increases after months of highly rainfall. The pattern of incidence rate in all subdistrict is dynamic and suspected do not related to annual rainfall, population density, high larva free index, and frequency of fogging. [AMJ.2015;2(1):262–7]
Pattern of Nutritional Intake among Obese Undergraduate in Faculty of Communication Studies Universitas Padjadjaran Nilavenmalar Perianan; Dewi Marhaeni Diah Herawati; Yudi Wahyudi
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Obesity has become the 5th leading cause of death worldwide in 2010. It is a combination of genetic susceptibility, increased availability of high energy food intake and decreased requirements for physical activity in modern society. The increase in calorie intake among obese people often leads to many chronic diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to observe calorie intake pattern among obese undergraduates.Methods: This study was conducted at Faculty of Communication Studies Universitas Padjadjaran, from September to November 2013. This cross-sectional study used anthropometric measurement based on Asian Body Mass cut-off points, which the screening was conducted on 512 undergraduate students, consisting of 103 undergraduates, overweight (50) and obese (53). From 53 undergraduates, 30 respondents were randomly selected. The respondents were then interviewed using 3x24 hours Food Recall questionnaire, conducted on two weekdays and one weekend to observe their pattern of nutritional intake. Total number of calories was categorized into few groups according to the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) 2012.Results: From the thirty obese undergraduates, both male (11) and female (9) consumed more excess protein in daily life. Consumption of carbohydrate and energy was significantly normal. Common consumption of food as daily basis contained more carbohydrate then protein, fats or energy.Conclusions: Prevalence of obesity is still high. Frequent meal and high intake of carbohydrates has become factors to nutritional imbalance of obese undergraduates. Types of food most widely consumed are white rice, fried chicken, tofu, tempe (asian food made from fermenting soybeans) and sweetened tea. [AMJ.2016;3(3):486–92]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.860
Relationship between Types of Cervical SpineTrauma and Occurrence of Neurological Deficits Syaiful Anwar; Agus Hadian Rahim; Farhan Anwary
Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (166.86 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1084

Abstract

Background: About 3,500 people died each year due to neck injury, according to a study in the USA. Trauma at cervical spine level causes injury in soft tissue, cervical vertebrae, and spinal cord that can cause neurological deficits. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between type of cervical trauma and the occurrence of neurological deficits.Methods: An analytic study was carried out to 121 medical records of patients  diagnosed with cervical spine trauma at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in the period of January 2010−December 2012.  Data were classified according to age, sex, period of initial visit to hospital, mechanism of trauma, cervical trauma type, fracture’s or dislocation’s location (without any other vertebral injury) and neurological status. The collected data were analyzed using Chi-Square test and presented in tables.Results: There were 121 cases of cervical spine trauma. Most patients were male and in the productive age group (30−44 years). Most of the initial visits to the hospital were in 2010 and most of the mechanism was traffic accident (46.28%), while soft tissue injury was the most common type of cervical trauma (54.54%) and lower cervical vertebrae was the most common location of fractures or dislocations (76.36%). Sixty two patients were recorded with neurological deficits. Chi-Square test of relationship between  the type of cervical trauma and the occurrence of neurological deficit was statistically significant (p=0.000).Conclusions: There is relationship between the type of cervical trauma and occurrence of neurological deficits. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1084
Incidence of Herpes Zoster in relationship with Climate Factors from 2009 to 2011 Herning Adinda; Dendi Sandiono; Ihrul Prianza Prajitno
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Herpes zoster, or shingles, is a skin or mucous infection caused by the reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Seasonal pattern of herpes zoster incidence was reported in some countries, indicating that emergence of this disease was caused by the reactivation of latent Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) rather than new exposures to VZV. On the other hand, the VZV primary infection difference between tropical and temperate zones may have implications for virus reactivation as herpes zoster. The aim of this study was  to identify the incidence of herpes zoster in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, West Java related to the change of rainfall, air temperature and humidity from 2009 to 2011.Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was carried out to 341 medical records of herpes zoster patients from Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung periode 2009 to 2011. Data on climate factors, i.e. rainfall, air temperature, and relative humidity, were obtained from the Indonesian Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency. The collected data were presented using tables and figures.Result: The highest number of herpes zoster cases occured during the period when the highest annually total rainfall and annually mean relative humidity occurred.Conclusions: The finding of this study shows that herpes zoster cases have the same pattern with the rainfall and relative humidity. These findings can inform better prevention of herpes zoster. However, further research is needed to get more comprehensive understanding on this relationship. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.591
Nutritional Status of Schizophrenic Patients Attending Outpatient Department of Psychiatry in Dr.Hasan Sadikin Hospital Tiara Aulia Maisyarah; Gaga Irawan Nugraha; Lynna Lidyana
Althea Medical Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Currently, schizophrenia is associated with many health problems due to weight changes caused by lifestyle changes and consumption of antipsychotic drugs (APDs). Nutritional status assessment is needed in order to lower the comorbidity through early detection of risk factors.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 94 schizophrenic patients selected using consecutive sampling in October 2012 in Psychiatry Outpatient Department, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. An anthropometric measurement was verified (body mass index and waist circumference), physical activity level, type of antipsychotic drugs (APDs) used and duration of treatment acquired from medical records.Results: Among the subjects, 29.8% were 28–37 years old, with 69.1% males and 30.9% females. Most of them suffered from paranoid schizophrenia (71.3%). The body mass index (BMI) of 46.8% subjects were normal, 45.74% were overweight, whereas 7.45% were underweight. Male subjects mostly had smaller waist circumference (78%) compared to females who were dominantly above normal (52%). Physical activity levels were mostly sedentary (76%). Single typical APD were dominantly prescribed (46%). Subjects with normal BMI were mostly found among single typical APDs prescribers (53.5%), whereas the majority of atypical APDs users were overweight (61.9%). A total of 63% subjects had been prescribed APDs for 1–5 years, dominated by subjects with normal body mass index (78%).Conclusions: The majority of study subjects (46.8%) were found normal in terms of the body mass index. Male subjects mostly had normal waist circumference (78%) while females have a higher risk with measurement above normal as a more dominant finding (52%). [AMJ.2014;1(1):40–7]Keywords: Nutritional Status, Pscychiatry, SchizophreniaStatus Gizi Pasien Skizofrenia di Departemen Psikiatri Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin BandungLatar Belakang: Saat ini Skizofrenia merupakan suatu penyakit mental dengan komorbiditas yang tinggi akibat perubahan gaya hidup, faktor predisposisi, dan dampak mengonsumsi obat antipsikotik yang membuat penderita kerap mengalami perubahan berat badan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan deteksi dini perubahan berat badan pada pasien skizofrenia sebagai pertimbangan penyusunan tatalaksana yang komprehensif.Metode: Studi deskriptif potong lintang ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui status gizi pasien skizofrenia di Klinik Rawat Jalan Departemen Psikiatri Sub Bagian Dewasa Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Pengukuran Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dan lingkar pinggang dilakukan pada 94 pasien skizofrenia dewasa. Wawancara mengenai pekerjaan juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat aktifitas fisik, riwayat pengobatan responden didapatkan melalui rekam medis.Hasil: Dari 94 responden  (65 pria dan 29 wanita) mayoritas berusia 28–37 tahun (29.8%). Sebanyak 46.8% responden memiliki IMT normal, 45.74% responden adalah overweight, dan 7.45%  termasuk dalam kategori underweight. Responden  pria memiliki ukuran lingkar pinggang yang mayoritas normal (78%), sedangkan wanita sebagian besar memiliki ukuran lingkar pinggang di atas normal (52%). Tingkat aktifitas fisik responden rata-rata tergolong ringan (67%). Kebanyakan responden diberikan obat antipsikotik tipikal tunggal (46%) dan sebanyak 63% telah mengonsumsi obat antipsikotik selama 0–5 tahun.Simpulan:  Mayoritas   responden   memiliki  IMT  yang normal dengan  ukuran lingkar pinggang wanita lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pria.Kata Kunci: Status Gizi, Psikiatri, Skizofrenia DOI: 10.15850/amj.v1n1.295
Knowledge and Attitude of Senior High School Students in Jatinangor towards Sexually Transmitted Infections in 2013 Aisyah Riseta Aini Hendrana; Kuswandewi Mutyara; Rasmia Rowawi
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are major health problem. Until today, the prevalence of STIs is still high and the incidence is increasing. Almost half of STIs new cases occur in adolescents andyoung adults. It is assumed that there is a positive correlation of knowledge about STIs with attitude and practices; therefore, giving proper information of STIs to adolescents could influence their safe sexual practices, and further, it can prevent STIs to occur. The objective of this study is to discover knowledge and attitude of senior high school students in Jatinangor towards STIs.Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in Sekolah Menengah Atas Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia (SMA PGRI) Jatinangor and Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri (SMAN) Jatinangor from May to September 2013. Questionnaires were completed by 278 respondents selected by stratified cluster random sampling.Results: More than half respondents had poor knowledge about STIs (56.5%) while 53.2% of the respondents had positive attitude towards STIs. Most mentioned choices as the information source of STIs were teacher(66.5%), followed by television/radio (45.3%), friends (37.8%), newspaper/magazine (21.2%), mother (16.2%), sibling (7.2%), and father (6.5%). Conclusions: More detail information about STIs is needed by adolescents as a way to encourage safe sexual practices. Teacher and parents are expected to be the source information of STIs while mass media can alsobe used to educate adolescents. Education on STIs for teachers is also needed since they are as the main source for educating the adolescents. [AMJ.2015;2(4):568–74] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n4.655
Characteristics of Anterior Segment Dysgnesis in Pediatric and Strabismus Ophthalmology Unit at Cicendo Eye Hospital 2012-2014 Sarah Nurul Ramadanti; Irawati Irfani; Astrid Feinisa Khairani
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Developmental anomalies in congenital anomalies cause malformation, such as Anterior Segment Dysgenesis (ASD). Disorder in maturation of anterior segment of the eye occurs in ASD, associated with increased risk of glaucoma. This relation is not supported with enough data about characteristics pediatric patients with ASD in Indonesia. The aim of the study was to describe characteristics ASD in pediatric patient Cicendo Eye Hospital based on patients’ identity, clinical profile and obstetrics profile.Methods: This study used a descriptive method and conducted retrospectively. Data were collected from medical records of patient with ASD in Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Unit at Cicendo Eye Hospital, from January 2012 to December 2014. This study was conducted from July to November 2015. Total sampling based on inclusion criteria were used in this study. Statistic software was used to analyze data. Results: This study used a descriptive method and conducted retrospectively. Data were collected from medical records of patient with ASD in Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Unit at Cicendo Eye Hospital, from January 2012 to December 2014. This study was conducted from July to November 2015. Total sampling based on inclusion criteria were used in this study. Statistic software was used to analyze data. Conclusions: Characteristics pediatric patients with ASD at Cicendo Eye Hospital based on patients identity are mostly patients diagnosed in infant age group, from outside Bandung, and mostly boys. Based on clinical profile most diagnosis is congenital glaucoma, bilateral dominantly, and without complication. Based on obstetric profile most patients with ASD were born at term without difficulties. [AMJ.2016;3(4):616–70] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.948

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