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Jurnal Ilmiah HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL
  • JurnalIlmiahHubunganInternasiona
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Published by Universitas Katolik Parahyangan
ISSN : 26142562     EISSN : 24068748     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science
JIHI can be a reference and literature source for academician in International Relations area as it consists of articles and research reports on International Relations Issues. Articles and research reports are written by academics who is the expert on its field like Security Studies, International Political Economy, Regime, International Organization, Gender and International Relations, Diplomacy, Media and International Relations, etc.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 341 Documents
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Perempuan dan Kesadaran Arti Pohon: Studi Kasus Etnobotani Retnaningsih, Umi
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Edisi Spesial Gender
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v1i1.7834.1-16

Abstract

The issue of global warming resulting from carbon emissions of greenhouse gas is a concern for nations inthe world including Indonesia. The Indonesian government has launched several programs for mitigation, including planting trees in urban areas. In 2007, Indonesia introduced Women Planting Trees and Management, WomenPlanting Trees Movements and Food Resilience Program (GPT-PKP), and other programs. Research explored theprogram implementation in Indonesia by collecting data and analyzing women's knowledge, perceptions, awareness,and actions for planting trees and their management. Surveys were conducted for data on the meaning of treessocially, economically, and environmentally. After completion surveys, the good participants were interviewed deeply and observed to prove their genuine awareness and action for planting and maintaining trees in their daily lives. Research revealed planting trees did not provide social and economic benefits. Trees taproots damaged walls and buildings, leaves made yards dirty, and lack of appreciation for being an environmentally friendly person by planting trees. Keywords: Awareness of trees, Indonesian government program, social and economic benefits, women,
Representasi Perempuan di Parlemen dan Legislasi Isu Lingkungan Hidup: Studi Kasus Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja Olivia, Yessi; Nuraeni, Nuraeni
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Edisi Spesial Gender
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v1i1.7835.141-156

Abstract

Numerous studies indicate that women generally show a greater concern for environmental issues than men and often engage more actively in eco-friendly practices like recycling. The difference in environmental attitudes between genders is thought to arise from societal roles, where women are typically viewed as primary caregivers, and men as primary providers. This highlights the intersectionality of gender and culture in environmental matters. This article examines gender dynamics in environmental policymaking, with a focus on the stance of female legislators on environmental issues. It uses the discussion around Law Number 11 of 2020, known as the Job Creation Law, as a case study. The analysis starts by looking at women's representation in the Indonesian parliament and their legislative behavior on environmental matters. The debate over the Job Creation Law reveals that most female legislators tend to align with the ideologies and interests of their political parties, despite criticisms that the law negatively impacts the environment and working women. The research concludes that having women in parliament does not necessarily lead to laws that prioritize women's and environmental interests. Factors such as a gender-biased political culture and a limited understanding of the importance of integrating gender perspectives in environmental and sustainable development issues contribute to the lack of substantive representation of women in parliament. Keywords: women in parliament; gender mainstreaming; substantive representation; pro-environmental policy; legislative behaviour
Pergeseran Penghidupan dan Agensi Perempuan Dewi, Elisabeth; Ayunda, Dyah; Andalas, Patrisius; Lede, Yulita
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Edisi Spesial Gender
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v1i1.7842.174-188

Abstract

In the last two decades, Sumba Island has experienced a shift in livelihood patterns after the extension of four regencies in the region. The change was initiated by Indonesia's development program through agro-industrial expansion in areas considered less fertile. In addition, the hilly characteristics of the region with vast grasslands and also the traditions of the Marapu indigenous people in Sumba have attracted the attention of the tourism industry. Therefore, indigenous communities have experienced a shift in land ownership systems and some of them have shifted to livelihood strategies of small farm management to non-agricultural activities, such as mining or becoming migrant workers. These changes also affect the gender division of labor and also the symbolic values of Sumba's indigenous people, such as weaving activities carried out by women. They utilize the skills they have acquired over generations to respond to these conditions and support their family's and community’s resilience. To understand changes in livelihood conditions, the meaning of symbols, and women's narratives, this research uses qualitative methods within the Sustainable Livelihood Framework with an ecofeminism perspective. This research discusses how the agency of women weavers in responding to changes in livelihood patterns amid the implementation of capitalist-patriarchal oriented development programs. The findings of this study show that the agency and activism of women weavers are influenced by affective historical factors by adapting the symbolic value of weaving customs into economic and emancipatory values. Keywords: livelihood, women weavers, family, community, agency, development programs.
Ekofeminisme dari Selatan? Kusumaningrum, Diah
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Edisi Spesial Gender
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v1i1.8292.200-204

Abstract

Tidak ada jalan tunggal menuju keadilan gender. Ini tercermin, antara lain, dari keragamanresep yang ditawarkan feminisme. Yang saling berbeda bukan saja resep para feminis liberal, feminis sosialis, feminis radikal, feminis pascastrukturalis, feminis pascakolonial, feminis ekologis, dan sebagainya. Di dalam masing-masing aliran pun terdapat opsi remedi yang sangat luas, belum lagi yang muncul dari irisan aneka aliran itu. Kekayaan ini diikat oleh beberapa komitmen metodologis, termasuk intersubjektivitas, interseksionalitas, dan refleksivitas. Epilog ini ditulis dalam rangka merayakan pluralisme metodologis di kalangan Komunitas Epistemik Gender dan Hubungan Internasional. Selain mengajak pembacanya mengapresiasi kelihaian penulis dalam mengaplikasikan ekofeminisme, epilog ini mencatat beberapa agenda penting guna mendorong “ekofeminisme dari Selatan.”
Revisiting Balance of Threat Theory: The Case of Contemporary Southeast Asia in the Context of Great Power Contestation Widian, Rizky
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v21i1.9152.53-84

Abstract

Southeast Asian countries, situated at the heart of the Indo-Pacific, are increasingly exposed to intensifying great power competition between China and the United States (US). According to Balance of Threat (BoT) theory, states are more likely to align tightly with a less threatening power in response to rising threats characterized by a rival's aggregate power, geographical proximity, offensive capabilities, and aggressive intentions. Based on these indicators, BoT would predict stronger alignment between Southeast Asian countries and the US to balance against the perceived threat from China. However, alignment behavior in the region varies, suggesting the need for closer empirical scrutiny. This study reexamines BoT theory in the Southeast Asian context through a structured comparative empirical analysis of ten countries between 2000 and 2021. The findings reveal that while BoT’s core prediction holds in some cases, alignment outcomes are mixed. Thus, the theory receives only partial support in explaining Southeast Asian states’ responses to China’s rise.   Keywords: Balance of Threat theory, Southeast Asia, alignment behavior, great power competition, US-China rivalry, Indo-Pacific, threat perception, security cooperation, comparative analysis, regional security
Structural Explanation to the Establishment of the Truth and Reconciliation Commissions: A Comparative Study of Five Countries Sari, Angguntari Ceria
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v21i1.9202.1-22

Abstract

Why has Indonesia, a former military dictatorial regime, only commissioned the official Truth and Reconciliation Commissions (TRC) later than South Africa, Brazil, Uruguay, Chile, and South Korea? This article compares how the six democratic governments in Africa, Latin America, and East Asia deal with human rights violations committed by officials of previous authoritarian regimes. I posit a structural explanation for the variation in the establishment of a TRC in former authoritarian countries that underwent pacted transition or authoritarian-initiated transition. Using a qualitative approach, I argue that a combination of the level of external and internal security threats facing the country, and the military tary doctrine which is adopted by the military determines the timing of the establishment of a TRC. Understanding the timing of the establishment of the TRC is important as victims and their relatives need closure over past human rights violations and the delay in the establishment of it can increase distrust to the government. Keywords: Indonesia, Truth and Reconciliation Commissions, Civil-Military, Transitional Justice, Democratization, Military-Civilian Relations
Reviving the Nation: A Lacanian Perspective on Trump’s MAGA Fantasy Sianipar, Imelda; Tehupeiory, Aarce
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v21i2.8757.29-45

Abstract

This article analyses Donald Trump's power fantasies centered on his "Make America Great Again (MAGA)" campaign. In his 2017 inauguration, Trump depicted the U.S. as a nation in decline, needing restoration. This study shows that Trump’s MAGA narrative is crafted to address perceived national decay. Using descriptive qualitative methods and Lacan’s psychoanalytic theory, the research examines Trump's speeches and statements to understand this narrative. By attributing the nation's problems to external and internal pressures, the MAGA message aligns with public anxieties and creates antagonisms. The findings reveal that this narrative reinforces Trump's political power and shapes national identity with promises of returning to past greatness. Trump positions himself as a symbolic "Big Other," a savior who resolves perceived threats and restores order. The MAGA narrative taps into collective desires for identity, belonging, and control, uniting supporters through shared grievances and externalized blame. This appeal resonates with deep psychological needs, creating cycles of temporary satisfaction and deferred fulfillment, which sustains loyalty and hope. Keywords: Political Fantasies, National Revival, Make America Great Again, Lacanian Psychoanalysis, Antagonism
Nilai dari Laut Cina Selatan untuk Tiongkok: Suatu Analisis Geopolitik Marxis Oktaviano, Nandito; Choiruzzad, Shofwan Al-Banna
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v21i2.8919.46-67

Abstract

ABSTRACT China’s assertiveness in the South China Sea has often been interpreted as a manifestation of maritime imperial ambitions, a balancing act, or a response to historical grievances. However, such arguments largely overlook the deeper question of why territorial expansion, a rare phenomenon in global politics, occurs in China’s case. This research addresses the issue through a Marxist geopolitical lens, framing territorial expansion as a consequence of capitalism’s inherent logic of spatial expansion. Using the concept of spatial fixes, it links China’s domestic capitalist crises—characterized by overaccumulation and overcapacity—to territorial expansion in Southeast Asia and assertiveness in the South China Sea. Strategies such as the Going Global policy and the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) have turned Southeast Asia, including the South China Sea, into critical territories for China’s capitalist accumulation. However, the historical transformation of China’s state structure, coupled with incoherent and fragmented behavior among its internal agents, has led to contradictory yet increasingly assertive actions in the region. This study concludes that China’s behaviour in the South China Sea is driven not only by external pressures, such as US involvement, but also by internal capitalist imperatives and state dynamics, offering a nuanced understanding of territorial disputes and state behaviour under capitalism.   Keywords: South China Sea; China Capitalism; Marxist Geopolitics; State Transformation    ABSTRAK Asertivitas Tiongkok di Laut Cina Selatan seringkali ditafsirkan sebagai manifestasi dari ambisi imperial maritim, upaya penyeimbangan kekuasaan, atau respons terhadap luka sejarahnya. Namun, argumen-argumen tersebut cenderung mengabaikan pertanyaan mendasar tentang mengapa ekspansi teritorial—fenomena yang jarang terjadi dalam politik global—dapat terjadi dalam kasus Tiongkok. Penelitian ini membahas isu tersebut melalui kerangka geopolitik Marxis yang memandang ekspansi teritorial sebagai konsekuensi dari logika kapitalisme yang secara inheren mendorong ekspansi teritori. Dengan menggunakan konsep solusi spasial (spatial fix), penelitian ini menghubungkan krisis kapitalisme domestik Tiongkok—yang ditandai oleh over akumulasi dan overkapasitas—dengan ekspansi teritorial di Asia Tenggara dan asertivitasnya di Laut Cina Selatan. Strategi seperti kebijakan Going Global dan Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) telah menjadikan Asia Tenggara, termasuk Laut Cina Selatan, sebagai wilayah penting bagi akumulasi kapital Tiongkok. Namun, transformasi historis struktur negara Tiongkok, ditambah dengan perilaku yang tidak koheren dan terfragmentasi di antara agen-agennya, telah menyebabkan tindakan yang kontradiktif namun semakin asertif di kawasan tersebut. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa perilaku Tiongkok di Laut Cina Selatan tidak hanya didorong oleh tekanan eksternal seperti keterlibatan Amerika Serikat, tetapi juga oleh imperatif kapitalisme domestik dan dinamika transformasi negara, menawarkan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang sengketa teritorial dan perilaku negara dalam konteks kapitalisme. Kata Kunci: Laut Cina Selatan; Kapitalisme Tiongkok; Geopolitik Marxis; Transformasi Negara
Vietnam in the China Plus One Strategy: Geoeconomic Hedging and Middle-Power Agency in Indo-Pacific Supply Chains Tran, Thi Mong Tuyen
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v21i2.9437.82-102

Abstract

This article analyzes Vietnam’s strategic repositioning in global supply chains in the context of intensifying U.S.–China rivalry. As multinational corporations implement “China Plus One” strategies to mitigate geopolitical risk and supply chain concentration, Vietnam has emerged as a key destination, benefitting from its geographic proximity to China, cost-effective labor, expanding trade architecture, and proactive regulatory reforms. Yet this shift is not solely driven by firm-level dynamics; it is also the result of Vietnam’s deliberate geoeconomic strategy. Drawing on hedging theory, the article contends that Vietnam employs a calibrated mix of economic diversification, institutional flexibility, and strategic ambiguity to maximize autonomy while avoiding overdependence on any major power. Through empirical examination of foreign direct investment trends, trade commitments, technological upgrading, and participation in both U.S.- and China-led regional initiatives, the paper conceptualizes Vietnam’s approach as “geoeconomic hedging.” It introduces the term “Vietnam Plus One” to describe the country’s emerging role not only as a relocation site but also as a catalyst for broader regional diversification. By extending the logic of hedging beyond the security domain into economic statecraft, this study contributes to ongoing debates on middle-power agency, regional order, and the restructuring of global production networks in the Indo-Pacific.   Key words: China Plus One strategy, Vietnam Plus One strategy, geoeconomics hedging, global supply chains, middle power diplomacy
Explaining the United States of America's Congressional Voting Variations on International Trade Organization Establishment Kartasasmita, Giandi; Kurnadi, Andrea Prisca
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v21i2.9807.1-28

Abstract

This study investigates why the United States Congress produced different outcomes when consider in joining two comparable trade institutions: the International Trade Organization (ITO) in 1948 and the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1994. Despite similar institutional settings, presidential leadership, and party platforms, Congress refused to ratify the ITO but approved the WTO. Using a paired comparative case study and structured, focused process tracing, the analysis evaluates two explanations of congressional voting behavior: the ideological alignment of members with their party’s platform and the constituency economic interests within each member’s district. The findings show that party platforms alone did not determine legislative behavior. Instead, the interaction between individual ideology and district-level economic exposure better explains cross-party defections and divergent outcomes across the two cases. Ideological divergence weakened party cohesion in both periods, but constituency economic vulnerability—particularly in import-sensitive or recession-affected regions—proved decisive in shaping opposition to trade liberalization. The study concludes that congressional responses to major trade agreements are driven less by formal party doctrine than by the economic structure of constituencies and the electoral incentives of their representatives. This highlights a persistent tension between international trade objectives and district-level economic realities in U.S. trade policymaking. Keywords: Two-level Game; Trade Institutions; Liberalization; Congressional Decision Making; Ratification.

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