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Jurnal Ilmiah HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL
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ISSN : 26142562     EISSN : 24068748     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
JIHI can be a reference and literature source for academician in International Relations area as it consists of articles and research reports on International Relations Issues. Articles and research reports are written by academics who is the expert on its field like Security Studies, International Political Economy, Regime, International Organization, Gender and International Relations, Diplomacy, Media and International Relations, etc.
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Articles 336 Documents
Revisiting Balance of Threat Theory: The Case of Contemporary Southeast Asia in the Context of Great Power Contestation Widian, Rizky
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v21i1.9152.53-84

Abstract

Southeast Asian countries, situated at the heart of the Indo-Pacific, are increasingly exposed to intensifying great power competition between China and the United States (US). According to Balance of Threat (BoT) theory, states are more likely to align tightly with a less threatening power in response to rising threats characterized by a rival's aggregate power, geographical proximity, offensive capabilities, and aggressive intentions. Based on these indicators, BoT would predict stronger alignment between Southeast Asian countries and the US to balance against the perceived threat from China. However, alignment behavior in the region varies, suggesting the need for closer empirical scrutiny. This study reexamines BoT theory in the Southeast Asian context through a structured comparative empirical analysis of ten countries between 2000 and 2021. The findings reveal that while BoT’s core prediction holds in some cases, alignment outcomes are mixed. Thus, the theory receives only partial support in explaining Southeast Asian states’ responses to China’s rise.   Keywords: Balance of Threat theory, Southeast Asia, alignment behavior, great power competition, US-China rivalry, Indo-Pacific, threat perception, security cooperation, comparative analysis, regional security
Structural Explanation to the Establishment of the Truth and Reconciliation Commissions: A Comparative Study of Five Countries Sari, Angguntari Ceria
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v21i1.9202.1-22

Abstract

Why has Indonesia, a former military dictatorial regime, only commissioned the official Truth and Reconciliation Commissions (TRC) later than South Africa, Brazil, Uruguay, Chile, and South Korea? This article compares how the six democratic governments in Africa, Latin America, and East Asia deal with human rights violations committed by officials of previous authoritarian regimes. I posit a structural explanation for the variation in the establishment of a TRC in former authoritarian countries that underwent pacted transition or authoritarian-initiated transition. Using a qualitative approach, I argue that a combination of the level of external and internal security threats facing the country, and the military tary doctrine which is adopted by the military determines the timing of the establishment of a TRC. Understanding the timing of the establishment of the TRC is important as victims and their relatives need closure over past human rights violations and the delay in the establishment of it can increase distrust to the government. Keywords: Indonesia, Truth and Reconciliation Commissions, Civil-Military, Transitional Justice, Democratization, Military-Civilian Relations
The Development of Mass media in International Relations: In case of Al-Jazeera Effects in Middle East Prakoso, Muhammad Pambudi
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v19i2.3825.144-155

Abstract

The international network has a very important role in strengthening the solidarity and unity of the masses, in spreading information to the community by creating virtual communities. Al-Jazeera as one of the most reputable media outlets in the international arena and have considerable influence in society. They have a vital role in raising  awareness to the people in case of  religion, culture and issues in the world. In addition, more rapid and accessible information in the global media has been supported by information among countries that have changed the politics of the authorities. mass media in international relations that grow so fast recently by knowing that the media and politics are  related each others with sharing the mutual benefit to each other. The author discusses Al- Jazeera achievements  in changing and growing people's opinions on politics, the media as a vehicle for community empowerment, and more. By producing new concepts through information and news that raise awareness of the Middle East community, the region's unequal social and political conditions, and the Middle East's position. In the Middle East, things are changing, and people are becoming more aware of the value of freedom and democracy. Keywords : Development; Mass Media; Al-Jazeera; Effect
Ancaman Perdamaian di Venezuela Akibat Kemerosotan Demokrasi Pada Masa Pemerintahan Nicolas Maduro Maulidya, Al Dina
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 20 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v20i2.4606.108-127

Abstract

This paper aims to describe the threat to peace in Venezuela, which occurred during the reign of Nicolas Maduro. The urgency of this research is the deterioration of democracy that occurred in Venezuela after Chavez left. Maduro is the president who was elected to replace Chavez in 2013. Political and economic instability, as well as the decline of democracy, have posed a threat to peace in Venezuela. This research is a descriptivequalitative study, with data using a library study. The Kantian triangle, which is part of Immanuel Kant's democratic peace theory, will be an analytical tool in this research. The Kantian Triangle determines three factors to achieve peace in democracy, namely: (1) democracy, (2) the existence of dependence between countries, and (3) state interactions in the international arena. The result of this research shows that Venezuela is not able to fulfill the three existing factors. First, the erosion of democratic values in the country. Second, dependence on other countries is difficult to materialize. This is because Maduro's policies are detrimental to investors, and the many humanitarian issues in Venezuela. The bad image of Maduro's government makes it difficult to maintain good relations with other countries. Third, although active in the United Nations, Venezuela continues to carry out the rules and principles of the organization. The failure to fulfill the three factors in the Kantian Triangle can pose a threat to peace in Venezuela. Keywords: Threat of Peace, Democratic Deterioration, Nicolas Maduro, Venezuela.
Perwujudan Demokrasi Ekonomi Melalui Hyperlocal Tokopedia Ningsih, Sabda
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v19i2.5354.126-143

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic has become a concern for all governments globally because it can affect the economy. In Indonesia, one of the government's focuses is how to solve problems related to MSMEs facing the threat of bankruptcy and the government's choice is to cooperate with e-commerce through hyperlocal. Hyperlocal for some researchers has the effect of changing the structure of cooperation and the logic of business organizations. However, the author himself argues that hyperlocal issues also have a role in identity transformation. This is based on the findings of several previous studies, that hyperlocal communication media influences the distribution of culture and the identity of certain community groups. By using the analytical framework of post-Fordism and constructivism, the author finds that Hyperlocal Tokopedia have influenced the identity of MSMEs in understanding "who am I?" and "what will I do?". In addition, the interaction between Tokopedia and MSMEs, which initially had different identities, showed the last optimistic result. This shows that the interaction between identities in constructivism can be intentional by external actors. While related to post-Fordism, the results of this study only strengthen that the transformation of economic society is not economic, political, and cultural. But there is also a transformation of understanding of themselves. Keywords: Hyperlocal; Constructivism; Post-Fordism; Knowledge-Economy; Economic Globalization
Singapore Government Securitization Measures against Transboundary Haze Pollution as a Non-Traditional Security Threat Ramli, Muhammad
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 20 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v20i2.5555.140-158

Abstract

Transboundary haze pollution (PALB) has developed into a critical concern for Southeast Asian countries in terms of transboundary issues and national security. This study aims to provide an understanding of the non-traditional threats that have become significant in front of countries, to demonstrate that the PALB issue is worthy of being included in the Non-Traditional Security (KNT) study, to provide an in-depth analysis of how the securitization transformation process has affected PALB issues in Singapore, to correlate the involvement of various actors in the ongoing securitization process, and to evaluate. This research uses a qualitative methodology to connect one variable to another in a direct and constructive manner, drawing on a broad theoretical foundation, most notably constructivism. It can be inferred that the government possesses complete authority to secure the smog issue. The community's response is critical in determining the success of haze securitization. Additionally, mass media and social media play a critical role in channeling popular opinion. Keywords: existential threat; securitization policy; constructivism approach; transboundary haze pollution; speech act
Indonesia in Halal Tourism: Overcoming Challenges to Stay on Top Adriani, Isyana; Francoise, Jeanne
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 20 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v20i1.5651.1-13

Abstract

This paper analyzes the background of Islamic tourism in Indonesia using the concept of Islamic tourism by Din (1989) and to analyze the development of halal tourism, it uses the halal concept by Liu et al. (2018). The paper looks at how the Indonesian government managed to enter the  list of top ten global halal tourism destinations in 2018, got on top in 2019, only to slip several notches below due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It also looks at how, by involving non-state actors such as those in the fashion and culinary industries, Indonesia has managed to climb back on top in 2023. Last but least, the paper also gives recommendations on what the government should do to maintain Indonesia’s number one position in halal tourism.    Keywords: Indonesia; halal tourism; Islamic heritage; travel; Muslim fashion
Pengaruh Kebijakan Belt and Road Initiative Tiongkok terhadap Stabilitas Sub-Kompleks Keamanan Asia Tenggara Mahendra, Yusril Ihza; Ramadhoan, Ruli Inayah; Suhermanto, Dedik Fitra
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v19i2.5788.156-174

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative policy on the stability of the Southeast Asia sub-regional security complex. As an analytical tool, we use the regional security complex theory which is focused on social construction variables. The results found that China used BRI as a desecuritization tool that affected the dynamics of social construction in the region. By leveraging economic and development cooperation, China seeks to eliminate threat perceptions (securitization) by forming a cooperative image towards Southeast Asian countries. The refinement in China's image can be seen from the changing pattern of alliances in the region, where countries that were previously close to the United States are now starting to show a tendency towards Beijing. In fact, Thailand and the Philippines which are Washington's closest allies in the region also show a similar trend. Moreover, we see that China's desecuritization efforts will affect ASEAN's collective ability to respond to the disputes in SCS. Previously, there were differences of opinion between member countries regarding the steps and mechanisms used to respond to China's maneuvers in SCS. Some countries show strong resistance, but some countries tend to be weak or even side with China. The existence of BRI has the potential to encourage the consolidation of attitudes among member countries. The consolidation refers to the weakening of ASEAN's attitude caused by the fading perception of securitization, and the increasingly cooperative member countries towards Beijing.   Keywords: Belt and Road Initiative; regional security complex; Southeast Asian sub-complex
International Cooperation and Indonesia’s Geopolitical Perspective in Indo-Pacific Rosdiana, Hesti
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 20 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v20i2.5991.128-139

Abstract

This paper emphasizes the analysis of Indonesia's geopolitical perspective through international cooperation that is part of Indonesia's geopolitics in the Indo-Pacific region. The results of this paper explain that Indonesia's geopolitical interests cannot be separated from the importance of building mutual trust, as well as regional development through international cooperation for global interests. In other words, regional development through international cooperation will increase regional stability so as to encourage various economic, political and security activities that not only reduce political friction, but also provide strategic advantages for every actor who has an interest in the Indo-Pacific. Keywords: Indonesia, Geopolitics, Indo-Pacific, international cooperation
Kepentingan Geopolitik Vietnam Bergabung dalam Keanggotaan Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Tahun 2018 Lestari, Dian Trianita; Suaib, Eka; Lisna, Lisna
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v19i2.6104.175-188

Abstract

Vietnam opposes the policies that have been made by upstream countries regarding dam construction projects in the Mekong River region which have brought huge losses to upstream countries. Vietnam, aware of the importance of water sources on the Mekong River, has finally rejoined the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation (LMC). In this article, the author presents an analysis of Vietnam's geopolitical interests in joining LMC membership using the concept of Geopolitics. The method used is descriptive with data collection techniques through literature study and documentation. The research results show that Vietnam's geopolitical interest in joining LMC membership is influenced by two factors, namely domestic factors consisting of managing water resources and international factors consisting of China's economic power in regulating and suppressing countries through which the Mekong River flows. The LMC program focuses on 3+5, where 3 refers to the three pillars, namely political, economic and social security, and sustainable development and relations between people. Meanwhile, 5 refers to five priority areas of cooperation, namely connectivity, production capacity, cross-regional economy, water resources, agriculture and poverty alleviation. Realizing the importance of water resources for economic growth encouraged Vietnam at the second summit in 2018 to show itself to be one step more active in this cooperation than several LMC member countries.   Keywords: Geopolitics; Lancang-Mekong Cooperation; Vietnam

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