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Medical Journal of Indonesia

MJI
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Published by Universitas Indonesia

ISSN : 08531773 EISSN : 22528083 DOI : 10.13181

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)

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Articles 11 Documents

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Search results for , issue " Vol 14, No 4 (2005): October-December" : 11 Documents clear

Fatty acids intake among diverse ethnic groups in Indonesia Hatma, Ratna D.; Lukito, Widjaja; Rumawas, Yohanna S.P.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 14, No 4 (2005): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

The use of dietary pattern specifically fatty acids intake should prove to be an informative and powerful means to augment our understanding of the role of diet in chronic disease particularly CHD. Cross sectional study was implemented to describe the nutrients intake specifically fatty acids intake of 4 (four) ethnic groups in Indonesia, such as Minangkabau, Sundanese, Javanese and Buginese. The percentage of saturated fatty acid (SAFA) to total energy intakes were around 20%. The percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) to the total energy were about 4.4% to 4.6% among the Sundanese and the Javanese.While among the other two ethnic groups, the percentage of PUFA to total energy were less, 2.6 % among the Minangkabau and 2.8% among the Buginese ethnic. The percentage of mono unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) to total energy intake were higher among the two ethnic groups, Sundanese and Javanese (6.1% vs. 5.5%). While the percentages of MUFA between the other two ethnic groups Minangkabau and Buginese ethnic were lower (2.6% vs. 2.8%). Based on the ratio of PUFA: MUFA: SAFA, we could consider that Minangkabau and Buginese ethnic groups both had poor quality of dietary fat pattern. Having the poor quality of dietary fat pattern and higher fat intake, we might take into consideration that the Minangkabau ethnic groups, had higher risk toward dyslipidemia compared to the other three ethnic groups. (Med J Indones 2005; 14:242-8)Keywords: fatty acids intake, SAFA, MUFA, PUFA , ethnic Nutrient intake

Role of general practitioner in the management of acute myocardial infarction Beeleonie, Beeleonie; Kusmana, Dede
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 14, No 4 (2005): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been the leading cause of death in Western countries, as well as in Indonesia. Delay in diagnosis and incorrect early management often result in failure of thrombolytic reperfusion. General practitioner (GP) as the primary care, needs to be equipped with the ability to diagnose and moreover to manage AMI. A case of fail thrombolytic management in a 47 years old man after seven hours of angina typical chest pain, after previously managed by GP, is being reported. (Med J Indones 2005; 14:249-52)Keywords: acute myocardial infarction, reperfusion, general practitioner

PM10Â as Predictor of Ventilation Efficiency of Houses in Relation to Health Effect Purwana, Rachmadhi
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 14, No 4 (2005): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Concerns for the high concentration of particulates in the ambient air of Jakarta had been associated with respiratory health effects. Accordingly, the high concentration of indoor air particulate in homes was also recognized as a potential health hazard to the household. This paper was based on findings in a cross-sectional study in homes of a village, Jakarta done for a dissertation of a doctoral degree in Public Health. In relation to health aspect, ventilation effectiveness was more predicted by the variation of indoor particulates concentrations (as PM10) than the physical characteristic of the houses. Besides, respiratory symptoms rates among children under-five were positively associated to PM10 concentrations. Except for the house dampness factor, no physical features of the houses such as sizes of windows, rooms, and the like, contributed to the variability of health of the occupants. This research suggested that PM10 concentration was a better indicator for a healthy house than the physical characteristics of the house. As such, the most sensitive and specific level of PM10 concentration to predict the development of respiratory symptoms wasÂ 70Âµg/m3. This cutoff concentration of PM10Â agreed with the guideline value set on the level of 70 Âµg/m3 for the thoracic particles by the World Health Organization. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 237-41)Keywords: respiratory symptoms, overcrowding, children under-five, PM10 concentration of 70 Âµg/m3, physical factors of houses.

Endoscopical appearances of nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drug (NSAID)- enteropathy Simadibrata, Marcellus; Tytgat, G. N.J.; Lesman, L. A.; Daldiyono, Daldiyono; Ariawan, Iwan
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 14, No 4 (2005): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) have been associated with a sudden and sustained rise in the incidence of gastrointestinal ulcer complications. The aim of the study was to reveal the endoscopical abnormalities found in the duodenum & proximal jejunum due to NSAID. Thirty eight patients taking NSAID for their arthritis or rheumatism were included in this study. Gastro-duodeno-jejunoscopy was done with Olympus PCF-10. The endoscopical appearances of NSAID entero gastropathy were evaluated with a scoring system. The NSAID-entero-gastropathy appearances were endoscopically seen as hyperemia, erosion and ulcer. From all patient recruited, 7.9% complaint of diarrhea and 71.1% complaint of dyspepsia. Endoscopically, in the duodenal bulb we found 79% cases of hyperemia, 39.5% cases of erosion and 7.9% cases of ulcer. In the second part (descending part) of the duodenum we found 28.9% cases of hyperemia, 15.8% cases of erosion and 2.6% case of ulcer. In the jejunum, we found 7.9% cases of hyperemia, 2.6% case of erosion and no ulcer. It is concluded that the most frequent abnormal endoscopical appearances in NSAID- enteropathy was hyperemia. The most frequent site of NSAID-enteropathy abnormal findings was in the duodenal bulb. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 225-9)Keywords: NSAID-enteropathy, endoscopical appearances.

The benefits of progesterone therapy in imminent abortion Abadi, A.; Baziad, Ali; Hestiantoro, Andon
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 14, No 4 (2005): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

The causes of imminent abortion are multi-factorial. The biggest causal factor is the low level of serum progesterone level. The lowest critical level of serum progesterone for survivability of pregnancy is 10 ng/ml. Eighty percent of patients experiencing abortion showed that their progesterone level was < 10 ng/ml. Patients who realized that their pregnancy would experience hemorrhage generally would suffer from depression. Stress was one of the factors responsible for the occurence of abortion. Administration of natural progesterone substitution (notÂ progestogen) accelerates the disappearance of uterine contractions, and speeds up the stoppage of bleeding. In addition, progesterone has the effect of anti-anxiety. Adminstration of oral progesterone would result in metabolism in the intestine and liver, such that physiological level of serum progesterone could not be reached, while administration of suppositoria progesterone would result in physiological level of serum, such that it was effective to prevent imminent abortion. (Med J Indones 2005; 14:258-62)Keywords: progesterone, imminent abortion

Detection of GAD65 autoantibodies of type-1 diabetes using anti-GAD65-abs reagent produced from bovine brain tissue Soeatmadji, Djoko W.; Fatah, Fatchiyah; Sumitro, Sutiman B.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 14, No 4 (2005): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Clinically, type 1 diabetes may presents as type 2 diabetes which sometimes not easily differentiated. Perhaps only autoimmune markers of Î²-cells destruction could differentiate those two clinical conditions. Due to extremely high cost ( $ 150/test), examination of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 auto-antibodies (anti-GAD65Abs) may not be routinely performed in most, if not all, clinical laboratories in Indonesia. Hence, the production of anti-GAD65 Abs reagent in Indonesia may reduce the cost and improve the quality of diabetes care in Indonesia. We produce reagent to detect anti-GAD65-Abs using bovine brain tissue as source of GAD enzyme in 3 steps. Step 1, isolation, purification of GAD65 from bovine brain tissue and used it as a primary antigen to stimulate the generation of anti-GAD65 antibodies in Wistar rat. Step 2, the purified GAD65 antibodies were than used as a secondary antibody to induce the production of anti-anti-GAD65-antibodies in Wistar rat and rabbit. Step 3. LabelingÂ anti-anti GAD65-antibodies with alkaline phoshpatase and peroxidase, and detecting anti-GAD65Abs previously detected using commercial kit. The anti-anti-GAD65- antibodies reagent produced in our laboratoriesÂ successfully identify anti-GAD65-Abs of type 1 diabetic patients previously detectedÂ with commercial reagent. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 197-203)Keywords: GAD, type-1 Diabetes

QT dispersion, a simple tool to predict ventricular tachyarrhythmias and/or sudden cardiac death after myocardial infarction Yuniadi, Yoga; Munawar, M; Setianto, Budhi; Rachman, Otte J.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 14, No 4 (2005): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Recent studies showed contradictive results of the relation between QT dispersion and the occurrence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and/or sudden cardiac death. In addition, beta adrenoreceptors blocking agents, which are known to decrease the incidence of lethal arrhythmias after myocardial infarction, administered to the majority of patients in those studies population. Since Î² -blocker as secondary prevention drug was underutilized at National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, this study was performed to find out the relation between QT dispersion and ventricular tachyarrhythmias and/or sudden cardiac death after previous myocardial infarction. The QT interval duration, QT dispersion and clinical variables of 36 postinfarction patients with history of sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias and/or sudden cardiac death (event group) were compared with 75 postinfarction patients without such events (control group). QT dispersion differed significantly between study groups and was increased in the event group (115 Â± 41 msec vs 81 Â± 25 msec, p < 0.001). Corrected maximal QT interval duration was also prolonged in the event group (534 Â± 56 vs 501 Â± 35 msec, p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that increasing QT dispersion was related to the occurrence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and/or sudden cardiac death with OR of 3.2, 4, and 5.8 for cut-off point of 80, 90, and 100 msec respectively. TheÂ QT dispersion could predict the occurrence of ventricle tachyarrhythmias and/or sudden cardiac death in patient with AMI. This study confirmed that the QTd remain useful in free of beta blocking agents state. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 230-6)Keyword: QT dispersion, Acute myocardial infarction, Sudden death.

Treatment of taeniasis and cysticercosis with praziquantel and albendazole Hamid, Abdulbar; Margono, Sri S.; Wandra, Toni; Ito, Akira
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 14, No 4 (2005): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Recent methods, doses and results of medical treatment on taeniasis/cysticercosis, a zoo-notic parasitic disease caused by Taenia solium and Taenia saginata are discussed. In cases of cysticercosis T. solium, especially neurocysticercosis the optimal length and dose of albendazole is a course of 8 days with doses of 15 mg/kg/day divided in two times added by 50 mg/day of prednisone in the morning. The drug is effective in almost any location of the parasites for 80-90% of macroscopic cysts seen by imaging studies. For taeniasis a single dose of praziquantel, 10-15 mg/kg achieves cure rates of more than 90%. Side effects such as nausea, headache and abdominal pain are mild.Â Evaluation of drug treatment is done by clinical, radiological and serological evaluation. In Papua (=Irian Jaya) nine cases with suspected neurocysticercosis, serologically positive, were treated with 1200 mg single dose albendazole for 15 days. Prednisonetablets, three times daily one tablet, 5 mg during 7 days were added. After one year 6 cases were still serologic positive. At the same time praziquantel, 1200 mg, single dose was given to ten cases during 15 days and prednisone tablets, 3 times daily one tablet, 5 mg during 7 days. After one year 5 sero-positive cases were still found. Albendazole and praziquantel are both effective drugs for taeniasis and cysticercosis, with minor side effects. In addition symptomatic treatment should be given if necessary. (Med J Indones 2005; 14:253-7)Keywords: albendazol, praziquantel, cysticercosis, taeniasis

Development of bioassay for pathogenecity testing of Ureaplasma urealyticum as part of host-pathogen communication Soeharso, Purnomo
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 14, No 4 (2005): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Bioassay of Ureaplasma urealyticum is necessary for detection as well as determination of pathogenic factors in order to understand the pathogenesis of diseases associate with ureaplasma infection. Cultivation and verification of ureaplasma is the first step of this study in the purpose of discovering sensitive method for ureaplasma detection. Cultivation of ureaplasma either in liquid or in solid media are able to detect the existence of ureaplasma in samples analyzed. However, application of PCR using specific primers to be compatible with urease gene (ure) would confirm the presence of ureaplasma. The pathogenicity of ureaplasma is potentially monitored using reporter gene as a marker for gene expression. IceC was chosen as reporter gene for ureaplasma pathogenic determination as the gene has great sensitivity, easily detectable and quantitated in simple method of ice nucleation assay. Transposon 916 (Tn916) was selected as a vector for iceC gene to transform ureaplasma. The application of recombinant Tn916-iceC which is considered as pUI, allow detection of ureaplasma activities when transform ureaplasma is tested by ice nucleation assay. It was expected that ureaplasma transformation is the manifestation of mutagenesis which interfere genes responsible for bacterial pathogenicity, in order pathogenesis of bacterial infection to be analyzed accurately. IgA1 protease is considered to be an important factor for ureaplasma pathogenicity as the enzyme is required for successful colonization. Identification of iga gene andÂ determination of IgA1 protease activity are important for understanding the pathogenesis of ureaplasma infection. Putative iga gene of Mycoplasma genitalium was used as a reference to identify the presence of iga nucleotide sequence in U. urealyticum. Convincing evidence were obtained after PCR amplification of ureaplasma DNA using primers designed to be compatible with putative iga gene of M. genitalium followed by the discovery of 100% sequence homology of amplifiedÂ ureaplasma iga gene and iga gene of M. genitalium mentioned in establish data. IgA1 protease activity of U. urealytium has been detectable in the cell rather than in media culture,Â suggesting that IgA1 protease is not secreted out of cell. It was proofed that IgA1 protease is membrane bound enzyme capable of digesting IgA1 in mucosal tissues of various organs and considered as potential virulence factor for ureaplasma that cause disease or gain entry to mucosal membrane. The existence of IgA1 protease activity in bacterial plasma membrane would have implication in ureaplasma management such as diagnosis and therapy of ureaplasma infection. (Med J Indones 2005;14: 204-14)Keywords: Ureaplasma detection, Ureaplasma pathogenicity, IceC reporter gene, IgA1 protease, M. genitalium putative gene.

The effects of balanced low calorie diet on body composition and serum leptin of obese women Suyardi, M. A.; Johanes, Win; Harahap, Indriati P.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 14, No 4 (2005): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

The effect of balanced low-calorie diet for 14 days on body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), total skin fold thickness (SFT), fat mass (FM), fat free mass (FFM), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and serum leptin level was evaluated by using a pre and post-experimental balanced low-calorie diet 915.23 kcal/day with the composition of 55.81% carbohydrate, 19.46% protein and 24.73% fat for 14 days on 39 obesewomen subjects (19-55 years old) who have met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The collected data include demographic characteristic, macronutrient and energy intake, as well as of anthropometry, FM, FFM, and serum leptin level. Body weight reduction occurs significantly (p<0.05) from 70.99 Â± 8.62 to 68.81 Â± 8.36 kg (3.07%); BMI reduction is significant (p<0.05) from 30.28 Â± 3.11 kg/m2 to 29.36 Â± 2.94 kg/m2 (3.04%); Significantly reduced SFT (p<0.05) from 99.36 Â± 12.07 mm to 91.29 Â± 10.85 mm (8.08%); Significantly reduced FM (p<0.05) from 35.41 Â± 2.75 % to 33.65 Â± 2.73% (1.76%); Significantly increased FFM percentage (p<0.05) from 64.59 Â± 2.74 to 66.35 Â± 2.73 (2.72%); Significantly reduced WC (waist circumference) (p<0.05) from 85.87 Â± 7.31 to 83.35 Â± 7.09 (2.93%); Significantly reduced HC (hip circumference) (p<0.05) from 107.59 Â± 6.67 to 106.49 Â± 6.37 (1.02%); Significantly reducedWHR (p<0.05) from 0.80 Â± 0.05 to 0.78 Â± 0.04 (2.24%); Significantly reduced serum leptin (p<0.05) from 23.31 (12.06-71.22) to 18.18 (7.90-65.11) (22.01%); positive correlation is observed between serum leptin level and FM significantly (p<0.05) before treatment (r=0.47 ; p=0.003) and after treatment (r=0.57 ; p=0.001). Balanced low-calorie diet may effectively reduce body weight, BMI, skin fold thickness, percentage of fat mass, to increase percentage of fat free mass, to reduce waist to hip ratio and serum leptin level. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 220-4)Keywords: Balanced low-calorie diet, obesity, leptin, body composition

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