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INDONESIA
Medical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08531773     EISSN : 22528083     DOI : 10.13181
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)
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Articles 1,648 Documents
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Pathological features of glomerulonephritis in Jakarta
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2002): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i1.49

Abstract

All cases of renal biopsies received during a 10-year period from 1990-1999 were collected and analyzed. There were a totat of 1344 cases, comprising 390 pediatric cases, 9 I 8 adult cases and 36 cases of unknown age. Immunofluorescence microscopy was performed on 1089 cases (81.0%). The purpose of this study is to have an overview of the pattem and spectrum of glomerular diseases in Indonesia, especially in Jakarta and surroundings, with special emphasis on the cases with nephrotic syndrome, lupus nephritis and IgA nephropathy, and to compare the findings with previous reports from Indonesia and afew other countries. There were 250 cases of childhood nephrotic syndrome and 479 adult cases. The most frequent histopathological appearance in both groups was minimal change disease, i.e. 58.2% and 44.7% respectively. Males were more often affected than females with a ratio of 2.0:1 for children and 1.4:1 for adults. Lupus nephritis comprised 124 cases, among which three cases were not representative. The male to female ratio was 1:7.9. Most cases were in the fourth decade, i.e. 47 cases (38.5%), and the most frequent histopathological appearance was WHO class IV with 71 cases (58.7%). There were 97 cases of IgA nephropathy with an age range between 3 to 58 years. The peak incidence was in the fourth decade with 32 cases (33%). The male to female ratio was L7: I. The most frequent histopathological appearances were diffuse sclerosing lesion 34 cases (35%) and mesangial proliftrative lesion 33 cases (34%). (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 24-9)Keywords: renal biopsy, pathological features, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, lupus nephritis, IgA nephropathy
Problems in managing foreign bodies in the upper aerodigestive tract
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2002): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i1.50

Abstract

The incidence of foreign body aspiration and ingestion in esophagus is higher in children under five years old. Especially for young children, suffocation from inhalation and ingestion of foreign bodies represents the highest cause of home accidental death. To some extent, establishing the diagnosis of foreign body ingestion or aspiration remains a big problem due to some difficulties in taking the history, getting the accurate signs and symptoms and performing radiologic examination. Therefore, beside the availability of the necessary equipments, the management of these particular cases requires person with expertise and professional skill in endoscopy. This paper will discuss several problems happening to real patients in the case of aspirated plastic materials and peanut as well as stones and dentures that were stuck in the esophagus. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 15-8)Keywords: foreign body, esophagoscopy, bronchoscopy
Seroepidemiology and risk factors of Hepatitis B and C virus infections among drug users in Jakarta, Indonesia
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2002): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i1.51

Abstract

The number of drug users is markedly increased in recent times. Data were collected consecutively in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Mitra Menteng Abadi Hospital in Jakarta. HBsAg were examined using reverse passive hemaglutination assay (RPHA) and anti-HCV with dipstick method; both were from the laboratoium Hepatika, Mataram, Indonesia. In a 5 month period (March - August 1999) there were 203 cases of drug users. Most of them were male ( 185 cases or 91.1%) with a mean age of 21.2 ± 4.3 years. Mean age in starting to use the drug was 18.8 ± 4.0 years. The prevalence of anti-HCV and HBsAg positivity were 74.9% (151 cases) and 9.9% (19 cases), respectively. The prevalence of double infection was 7.4% (15 cases). Injection drug users (IDU) were 168 cases (84%). Extramarital sex was done by 62 cases (30.5%), but only 16 cases (8%) with more than one partner. Tattoo was found in 32 cases ( 15.8%). Multivariate analysis revealed that lDU and tattoo were the risk factors for anti-HCV positivity, with the OR of 9.15 (95% CI 3.28-5.53) and 13.24 (96% CI 1.6 - 109.55), respectively. No significant medical risk factor could be identified for HBsAg positivity. Double infection of HBV and HCV was found in 15 cases (7.4%). We concluded that the prevalence of HBV, HCV infection and double infection of HBV - HCV in drug users were high, with tattoo and injection drug usage as risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 48-55) Keywords: HBsAg, Anti-HCV, tattoo, injection drug users
Smoking problem in Indonesia
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2002): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i1.52

Abstract

Smoking is an important public health probLem in Indonesia. Up to 60% of male adult population as well as about 4% of female adult population are smokers. In fact, some of Indonesian kretek cigarettes have quite high tar and nicotine content. Besides health effect, smoking habit also influence economic status of the individuals as well as the family. In health point of view, even though reliable nation wide morbidity and mortality data are scarce, report from various cities showed smoking related diseases, such as Lung cancer, COPD, effect of pregnancy, etc. Other problem is a fact that smoking habit start quite in early age in Indonesia. This article also describe factors complicate smoking control program as well as several things to be done to strengthen smoking control program in Indonesia. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 56-65)Keywords : smoking, Indonesia, impact
Gelatinous transformation of the bone marrow complicated by self induced starvation
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2002): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i2.53

Abstract

Gelatinous bone marrow transformation (GMT) is rare. It has been found to be associated with severe illnesses and malnutrition (rarely). A case report highlighting GMT as " starvation marrow" along with review of literature is being presented. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 104-5)Keywords : malnutrition, bone marrow, gelatinous transformation
Anti-thrombin III, Protein C, and Protein S deficiency in acute coronary syndrome
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2002): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i2.54

Abstract

The final most common pathway for the majority of coronary artery disease is occlusion of a coronary vessel. Under normal conditions, antithrombin III (AT III), protein C, and protein S as an active protein C cofactor, are natural anticoagulants (hemostatic control) that balances procoagulant activity (thrombin antithrombin complex balance) to prevent thrombosis. If the condition becomes unbalanced, natural anticoagulants and the procoagulants can lead to thrombosis. Thirty subjects with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were studied for the incidence of antithrombin III (AT III), protein C, and protein S deficiencies, and the result were compare to the control group. Among patients with ACS, the frequency of distribution of AT-III with activity < 75% were 23,3% (7 of 30), and only 6,7% ( 2 of 30 ) in control subject. No one of the 30 control subject have protein C activity deficient, in ACS with activity < 70% were 13,3% (4 of 30). Fifteen out of the 30 (50%) control subjects had protein S activity deficiency, while protein S deficiency activity < 70% was found 73.3.% (22 out of 30). On linear regression, the deterministic coefficient of AT-III activity deficiency to the development ACS was 13,25 %, and the deterministic coefficient of protein C activity deficient to the development of ACS was 9,06 %. The cut-off point for AT-III without protein S deficiency expected to contribute to the development of vessel disease was 45%. On discriminant analysis, protein C activity deficiency posed a risk for ACS of 4,5 greater than non deficient subjects, and AT-III activity deficiency posed a risk for ACS of 3,5 times greater than non deficient subjects. On binary logistic regression, protein S activity acted only as a reinforcing factor of AT-III activity deficiency in the development of ACS. Protein C and AT III deficiency can trigger ACS, with determinant coefficients of 9,06% and 13,25% respectively. Low levels of protein C posed a greater risk of ACS than low levels of AT III. Protein S deficiency was a reinforcing factor on AT-III deficient to development of ACS. The cut-off point of AT-III without protein S deficiency expected to give single vessel disease was 45%, and 9,5% for the development of triple vessel disease. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 87-92)Keywords: acute coronary syndrome, Anti-thrombin III, Protein C, Protein S
Clinical efficacy and tolerability of mometasone furoate nasal spray in perennial allergic rhinitis patients : an open multicentre study
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2002): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i2.55

Abstract

Mometasone furoate (MF) aqueous nasal spray has been shown to be effective and well-tolerated in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR). All of the sudies, however, have been conducted in Canada, UK, and Europe. Therefore, a bridging study is warranted in view of the different climatic conditions in tropical countries. To evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerability of MF aqueous nasal spray in the treatment of PAR in a tropical country. This study was an open, non comparative, 4-week 3-centre trial in outpatients of 12 to 60 years with moderate to severe PAR of at least 2 years duration. Patients were allergic to at least one major PAR allergen, confirmed by skin prick test. They had total nasal symptom score (TNSS) of ≥ 6 and nasal congestion score (NCS) of ≥ 2 on ≥ 3 diary time points prior to baseline visit and at both screening and baseline visits. Eligible patients received MF aqueous nasal spray at baseline visit, and administered 200 µg mometasone every morning for 4 weeks. The primary clinical efficacy parameter was the mean percentage reduction of TNSS from baseline. Of 100 eligible patients, all completed this 4-week trial. The patient-evaluated TNSS (sum of the Last 3 mornings) decreased signiftcantly from baseline with a mean reduction of 60.9 % (p < 0.0001,) at week-2 and 73.6 % (p < 0.0001) at week-4. The mean reductions in physician-rated TNSS (61.7 % at week-2 and 77.8 % at week-4) were higher than those in the previous studies (43 % and 51 % at week-2, 52 % and 54 % at week-4). Similar trends were observed for nasal congestion score (NCS), other individual symptoms, total symptoms, and clinical efficacy rates. Evening symptoms were reduced similarly as morning symptoms There was no withdrawal due to adverse event. MF aqueous nasal spray, at a dose of 200 µg once daily in the morning for the treatment of moderate to severe PAR in a tropical country, was clinically effective with 24-hour control of PAR symptoms, and was well tolerated. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 69-80)Keywords : mometasone furoate, nasal spray, perennial allergic rhinitis.
Effects of continuous Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) on FSH, lipid profiles, blood chemistry, and skin thickness in menopausal women
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2002): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i2.56

Abstract

This study was aimed to observe the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) of estradiol 2 mg + 1 mg acetate noretisterone administered continuously on FSH hormone, lipid profile, blood chemistry, and skin thickness in menopausal women. The duration of HRT administration was 6 months. The subjects of the study were 35 menopausal women. The study was conducted from January 2001 to June 2001. After HRT administration of 6 months, a significant decrease of FSH was observed. No effect of HRT was found in bilirubin level; however, there was a slight increase of alkali phosphatase enzyme, and a signifcant increase in SGOT and SGPT. HRT caused a decrease of total cholesterol level and triglyceride level. In addition, a slight increase of LDL level and significant decrease of HDL level were observed. HRT administration with progesterone synthetic noretisterone showed an increase of skin collagen synthesis, which was indicated by the significant increase of skin thickness. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 97-103)Keywords: HRT, FSH, menopause, lipid profile, blood chemistry, skin thickness
Evaluation of EBV-LMP1 as prognostic indicator of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Indonesian patients
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2002): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i2.57

Abstract

Forty eight cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who had been treated with radiotherapy were analysed for the expression of EBER in the nucleus of the tumor cells by in situ hybridization technique. EBER was expressed in 69% of the cases. Histologic specimens positive for EBER were then examined for the expression of EBV-LMP1 by immunohistochemistry, which showed 68% positivity. Clinical staging of 48 cases and radiation response of 32 cases were collected. Data of up to 2 years of survival of 16 cases were obtained through postal and phone communication. Statistical analysis showed that the Working Formulation histologic classification of NPC correlated significantly with radiation response. The expression of EBV-LMP1 was correlated significantly with the survival of the patients. Thus EBV-LMP1 which has been shown to possess influence on lymphoid and epithelial cells, clinicopathologically proved to have a function as prognostic indicator. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 81-6)Keywords: nasopharyngeal carcinoma, histopathologic types, EBER, EBV- lmp1, survival
Helicopter vibration and risk of reversible myopia among military air crews
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2002): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v11i2.58

Abstract

We assessed to what extend the risk of reversible myopia of the different degree of helicopter vibrations and other risk factors among military helicopter pilots and flight engineers. The study was a nested case-control design using medical record at the Institute of Aerospace Medicine of the Indonesian Air Force and Medical Directorate of the Indonesian Army (Flying Wing). Cases and controls were military helicopter pilots and flight engineers who had ametropic visual acuity at the time of entry into military service from 1972 until 1992. Reversible myopia means visual acuity corrected of - 0.50 dioptri or less. The final model indicates there was a relationship between vibration level, duration of work and risk of reversible myopia. Helicopter crews exposed to high vibration level had 4.5 times to develop reversible myopia [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 4.47; 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.48 - 13.55] relative to those who exposed to weak vibration level. There was noted a healthy worker's survivor effect. Those who remain work for a longer peiod had less a chance to be myopia. Those who worked for 10 years or more had a lowered risk of 85% to be myopia compared with those who worked for 14 years (adjusted OR = 0.15; 95% CI = 0.03 - 0.87). Helicopter crews exposed to high helicopter vibration had 4.5 times to develop reversible myopia, and a higher risk occurred during the first four years of employment. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 93-6)Keywords: helicopter vibration, reversible myopia, air crews

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