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Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
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Articles 90 Documents
Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 2: June 2019" : 90 Documents clear
Principal component analysis for human gait recognition system Othman O. Khalifa; Bilal Jawed; Sharif Shah Newaj Bhuiyn
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (362.338 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i2.1493

Abstract

This paper represents a method for Human Recognition system using Principal Component Analysis. Human Gait recognition works on the gait of walking subjects to identify people without them knowing or without their permission. The initial step in this kind of system is to generate silhouette frames of walking human. A number of features couldb be exytacted from these frames such as centriod ratio, heifht, width and orientation. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used for the extracted features to condense the information and produces the main components that can represent the gait sequences for each waiking human. In the testing phase, the generated gait sequences are recognized by using a minimum distance classifier based on eluclidean distance matched with the one that already exist in the database used to identify walking subject.
Detection of Aedes aegypti larvae using single shot multibox detector with transfer learning Mohamad Aqil Mohd Fuad; Mohd Ruddin Ab Ghani; Rozaimi Ghazali; Tarmizi Ahmad Izzuddin; Mohamad Fani Sulaima; Zanariah Jano; Tole Sutikno
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (508.262 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i2.1263

Abstract

The flavivirus epidemiology has reached an alarming rate which haunts the world population including Malaysia. In fact, World Health Organization has proposed and practised many methods of vector control through environmental management, chemical and biological orientations but still cannot fully overcome the problem. This paper proposed a detection of Aedes Aegypti larvae in water storage tank using Single Shot Multibox Detector with transfer learning. The objective of the study was to acquire the training and the performance metrics of the detection. The detection was done using SSD with Inception_V2 through transfer learning. The experimental results revealed that the probability detection scored more than 80% accuracies and there was no false alarm. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the model approach.
Microstrip patch antenna with defected ground structure for biomedical application Md. Shazzadul Islam; Muhammad I. Ibrahimy; S. M. A. Motakabber; A. K. M. Zakir Hossain; S. M. Kayser Azam
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1626.281 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i2.1495

Abstract

Proper narrowband antenna design for wearable devices in the biomedical application is a significant field of research interest. In this work, defected ground structure-based microstrip patch antenna has been proposed that can work for narrowband applications. The proposed antenna works exactly for a single channel of ISM band. The resonant frequency of the antenna is 2.45 GHz with a return loss of around -30 dB. The -10dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 20 MHz (2.442-2.462 GHz), which is the bandwidth of channel 9 in ISM band. The antenna has achieved a high gain of 7.04 dBi with an increase of 17.63% antenna efficiency in terms of realized gain by using defected ground structure. Three linear vector arrays of arrangement 1 2, 1 4 and 1 8 have been designed to validate the proposed antenna performances as an array. The proposed antenna is light weighted, low cost, easy to fabricate and with better performances that makes it suitable for biomedical WLAN applications.
Design and comparison of printed antennas using meander line technique Nur Hamizah Muhamad Mokhtar; Norun Abdul Malek; Ahmad Zamani Jusoh; Khamis Ali; Farah Nadia Mohd Isa; Farah Diyana Abdul Rahman
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (780.916 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i2.1499

Abstract

The interest for compact antennas in wireless communication increase due to the portability and mobility of the communication devices. Generally, an antenna at low frequency exhibits in large physical size. This project investigates the design of an antenna at 400 MHz. The simulation of the antenna has been performed using CST MWS. Since medical applications are dealing with low frequency, it will lead to large size of antenna which brings a challenge for wireless personal area network (WPAN). It is well known that the antenna performance decreases (according to Chu’s equation) as the size of antenna decreases. Therefore, antenna miniaturization using Meander Line (ML) will be taking place to overcome the challenges. Thus, this paper presents a comparison between i) printed dipole antenna without meander line technique, ii) printed dipole with meander line technique and iii) printed monopole antenna with meander line technique. The results show that an estimation of reduction size by 50% can be achieved using Meander Line technique.
User’s hand effect on efficiency of 2-port 5 GHZ mobile terminal antennas Che Muhammad Nor Che Isa; Azremi Abdullah Al-Hadi; Saidatul Norlyana Azemi; Rizwan Khan
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (745.513 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i2.1425

Abstract

In this paper, the influence of user’s hand on mobile terminal antenna when it placed approximately on top of Multiple Input Multiple Output radiating element antennas (PIFAs) is studied extensively. The antenna is designed to operate at 5 GHz with 1.5 GHz of -6 dB bandwidth. The effect of user’s hand with different finger positions are studied at seven positions on slit at the ground plane, seven differences height above the antenna and nine different locations around the radiating element at 2 mm height from antenna. The losses due to presence of hand are studied in terms of scattering parameters, radiation efficiency and matching efficiency. The maximum loss in term of isolation in the presence of user’s hand is found at 6 mm on the slit and it decreased as the hand move away from the slitted area on the ground plane. The maximum efficiency loss is observed when the finger is placed right on top of the radiating element with -5.85 dB compare to antenna without the presence of user’s hand. On the other hand, the result for matching efficiency indicates approximately 0.2 dB losses occurred when the fingers are varied at different height and position.
MM-PNEMO: a mathematical model to assess handoff delay and packet loss Shayla Islam; Aisha Hassan Abdalla Hashim; Mohammad Kamrul Hasan; Md. Abdur Razzaque
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (560.183 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i2.1525

Abstract

Wireless networks incorporate Mobile Nodes (MNs) that use wireless access networks to communicate. However, the communication among these MNs are not remained stable due to the poor network coverage during inter mobility. Moreover, the wireless nodes are typically small that results in resource-constrained. Thus, it is uphill to use algorithms having giant processing power or memory footprint. Accordingly, it is essential to check schemes consistently to evaluate the performance within the probable application scenario. To do so, numerical analysis could be a notable method to grasp the performance of mobility management schemes as well as the constraint of evolving mobility management solutions specifically for multi-interfaced MR in Proxy NEMO environment. This paper analyzes handoff performance by using a mathematical model of Multihoming-based scheme to support Mobility management in Proxy NEMO (MM-PNEMO) environment. Moreover, a comparative study has been made among the standard Network Mobility Basic Support Protocol (NEMO BSP), Proxy NEMO (PNEMO) and MM-PNEMO scheme respectively. The performance metrics estimated for these schemes are mainly handoff delay and packet loss. This paper also analysed the packet loss ratio and handoff gain as a function of cell radius, number of SMR and velocity respectively. It is apparent that, the MM-PNEMO scheme shows lower packet loss ratio (1%) compared to NEMO-BSP (11%) and P-NEMO (6%).
Energy efficient anti-collision algorithm for the RFID networks Murukesan Loganathan; Thennarasan Sabapathy; Mohamed Elshaikh; Mohamed Nasrun Osman; Rosemizi Abd Rahim
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (541.607 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i2.1427

Abstract

Energy efficiency is crucial for radio frequency identification (RFID) systems as the readers are often battery operated. The main source of the energy wastage is the collision which happens when tags access the communication medium at the same time. Thus, an efficient anti-collision protocol could minimize the energy wastage and prolong the lifetime of the RFID systems. In this regard, EPCGlobal-Class1-Generation2 (EPC-C1G2) protocol is currently being used in the commercial RFID readers to provide fast tag identification through efficient collision arbitration using the Q algorithm. However, this protocol requires a lot of control message overheads for its operation. Thus, a reinforcement learning based anti-collision protocol (RL-DFSA) is proposed to provide better time system efficiency while being energy efficient through the minimization of control message overheads. The proposed RL-DFSA was evaluated through extensive simulations and compared with the variants of EPC-Class 1 Generation 2 algorithms that are currently being used in the commercial readers. The results show conclusively that the proposed RL-DFSA performs identically to the very efficient EPC-C1G2 protocol in terms of time system efficiency but readily outperforms the compared protocol in the number of control message overhead required for the operation.
Performance evaluation of VLC system using new modulation approach Norizan Binti Mohamed Nawawi; Anuar M. S.; M. N. Junita; S. R. Abdullah
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (440.718 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i2.1428

Abstract

We propose a modified OFDM modulation based on multiband scheme for visible light communications (VLC) system. The method called catenated-OFDM VLC system can efficiently boost the propagation distance and combat multipath induced the inter symbol interference and inter carrier interference. Design parameters such as number of optical bands, input power, distance and data rate are varied to see their effect on the system performances. Simulation analysis is done using Optisys software Ver. 11.0. The results show that the proposed system offers a good performance at longer transmission distance of 12 m for input power of 2 dBm in case of Band=3 with 10 Gbps data rate. BER curves also indicates that the proposed system can be operated at very high data rate of 15 Gbps. This exhibits the ability of the proposed system to be one of the candidate for future optical wireless communication system.
Bandwidth and gain enhancement of a circular microstrip antenna using a DNG split ring resonator radome Ojo Rasheed; Mohd Faizal Jamlos; Ping Jack Soh; Mohd Aminudin Jamlos; Muammar Mohamad Isa
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (564.981 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i2.1429

Abstract

This paper present the design of a circular patch microstrip antenna with enhancement in terms of bandwidth and gain using a dielectric double negative (DNG) split ring metamaterial radome. This radome is positioned on top of the CP antenna operating from 5.2 GHz to 6.4 GHz. The metamaterial radome comprises of two alternate split rings of negative permittivity, permeability and refractive index. The circular microstrip antenna bandwidth of 430 MHz has been realized by the presence of DNG metamaterial radome compared to 220 MHz without the radome. The gain has been increased as well from 1.84 dBi to 3.87 dBi.
Design and parametric evaluation of UWB antenna for array arrangement Faraz Ahmed Shaikh; Sheroz Khan; A H. M. Zahirul Alam; Dominique Baillargeat; Mohamed Hadi Habaebi; Mashkuri Bin Yaacob; Jawad Shah; Zeeshan Shahid
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (844.872 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i3.1522

Abstract

This paper has introduced the concept of UWB antenna in array arrangements. The four elements of Balance Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna (BAVA) has been used for planar and H-plane array configuration in this research. Each single element of BAVA Antenna is printed on the glass-reinforced epoxy laminate material (FR4) along an overall thickness of 1.57mm and εr=4.3 respectively. The optimized measurement of each particular element is 60.75mm x 66mm approximatel. Further the parametric evaluation of four BAVA elements in different planes has been observed in this paper. The placement of array elements has almost coverd entire UWB frequency range and appropriate reflection coefficient which is better than -10dB has been established in both combinations. According to simulation results, the array elements in planar arrangement presenting a suitable reflection and works well at 3.2GHz frequency while the arrangement in H-plane the array elements works well at 7GHz of frequency. In planar arrangement, the operating frequency of antenna elements is shifting as results of the distance among inter elements which increase in wavelength. In H-plane arrangement an antenna elements generate additional gain up to 10.2 dB with good radiation patterns as compared to the planar plane. The CSTMWS simulation software has been used for antenna structural design and parametric verification.