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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Published by Badan Penelitian dan Penegembangan Kehutanan
ISSN : 02164329     EISSN : 24428957     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,559 Documents
 57   58   59   60   61 
GASIFIKASI ARANG KAYU UNTUK PEMBANGKITAN TENAGA LISTRIK Hartoyo Hartoyo; Tjutju Nurhayati Syachri
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 3, No 2 (1986): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (16410.671 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1986.3.2.33-38

Abstract

An  experiment  on  charcoal  gasification   for  power  generation   was  conducted    on  a pilot   scale  of  7.5 KVA.   This experiment  used  50  kg  mixed  charcoal  species  having  moisture  content   of  6.9  %, ash content   of 2.5 %, volatile  matter  of  22.4  % and calorific  value of 6733  cal/g.The  product gas was run  through  gas purifier,  jet  condenser,  cyclone,  gas cooler and filter.  The gas was composed   of carbon  monoxide  (26  to  31%),   carbon  dioxide  (3  to  15%), methane  (0 to 1%) with  calorific  values ranging from  2600  to 4100  cal/g.The produce  gas which  was assumed   to  have  been purified   of  tar and  water  vapour  was fed  into  a power  generator.The  electric  power  generated   ranged  from   200   to  234  Volts  at around  2.08  A  and  a revolution   of  from   1822  to 2110 RPM. It  turned  out  that  these gases still  contained   tar and  water  vapour  which  was observed  at the engine,  an indication that  the  gas purifier   did  not  function  weel.  This  is evidenced   by  the fluctuation  of  the gas flow  rate  (from  9.8  to  1277 Nm3/hour).The  efficiency   of  charcoal  conversion   to  electric  and  heat  energy   was  11. 7% and  60% respectively   for  a load of 1.8  KW  and  7 hours  of  operation,   and  13,9  % and  50.5   % respectively   for  a load  of  2.8  KW  and  7 hours  of  operation. 
PENINGKATAN PEMANFAATAN KAYU RASAMALA DENGAN PERBAIKAN TEKNIK PENEBANGAN DAN SIKAP TUBUH PENEBANG: STUDI KASUS DI KPH CIANJUR, PERHUTANI UNIT III JAWA BARAT Sona Suhartana; Yuniawati Yuniawati; Djaban Tinambunan
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 23, No 5 (2005): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (7320.181 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2005.23.5.349-361

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di KPH Cianjur Jawa Barat pada tahun 2005. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan pemanfaatan kayu rasamala yang dihasilkan dari penerapan teknik penebangan serendah mungkin dan konvensioal sikap tubuh penebang (jongkok dan membungkuk).Data yang dikumpulkan adalah: waktu kerja, volume kayu, produktivitas, efisiensi, tinggi tunggak dan biaya penebangan. Data dianalisis dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktorial split plot.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Dengan menerapkan teknik serendah mungkin dapat meningkatkan efisiensi sebesar 28.5% (jongkok) atau 28,2% (membungkuk); (2) Teknik penebangan dan sikap tubuh penebang berpengaruh nyata terhadap produktivitas dan biaya penebangan; (3) Rata-rata tinggi tunggak untuk teknik penebangan serendah mungkin adalah 9.18 cm (jongkok) dan 9.64 cm (membungkuk); sedangkan untuk teknik konvensional adalah 15.83 cm (jongkok) dan 16.41 cm (membungkuk).
PENGARUH KADAR STIMULAN TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS GET AH PO HON PINUS (Pin us merkussi Jungh. et de Vriese) PADA BERBAGAI TINGKAT UMUR DI DAERAH SUMEDANG, JAWA BARAT Erra Yusnita; S Sumadiwangsa; Dendi Setyawan; Erik Dahlian
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 19, No 3 (2001): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5640.851 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2001.19.3.165-174

Abstract

Pine (Pinus merkusii Jungh et.de. Vriese) trees have an important role on related industries endeavoring in forest products, due to the widespread utlilization on their potential wood as well as gum matters.Production of pine gum can be affected by the manner of its tapping, kind and percentage of stimulant agent, age and diameter of trees. and genotype factors. Related as such, this investigation was intended lo evaluate the effect of pine tree diameters and stimulant percentage on productivity of pine tapping. In addition, this investigation was also to evaluate whether the tapping orientations (i.e. north­. east­, south­, and west­directions) affected the gum productivity. The main aim was to find out which tapping manner turned out to be the most efficient, the most economic and the safest either lo the trees or to the tapping worker themselves and end up with the optimum and continuity of pine gum production. The pine trees selected for this investigation were the ones growing in Sumedang region, West Java (Indonesia).Results revealed that age of pine trees significantly affecfed the gum production. Tree age of 16, 26 and 31 year old produced gum at 50.15 gr, 81.94 gr, and 9. l7 gr respectively per tree stand. Meanwhile productivity was also affected by tapping orientation, in which the east direcfion of tapping on 16­ year old pine tree at stimulant level of either 15% or 20% brought about the optimum productivity. Likewise, optimum production was obtained from 26­year old pine tree at 15% stimulant percentage with north­ as well as south­direction of tapping, and frorn the 31 year old pine free stands at 25% stimulant by west­direction tapping.
ANALISIS EKONOMI PEMANFAATAN KAYU KELAPA DENGAN MODEL PROGRAMA DINAMIKA : Suatu Studi Kasus di Daerah Sulawesi Utara Esry H. O H. O Laoh; B D Nasendi
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 14, No 3 (1996): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (6952.593 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1996.14.3.115-127

Abstract

Coconut  wood  has  been potentially   available  as  a  source  of  raw  material for wood processing  industries for  many years.  Coconut  wood is a non-traditional  forestry  timber. In  forestry jargon  coconut  wood  is classified as a non-wood or non-timber product.  As a source of industrial  raw  material for boards  and planks  and for  fumiture  components  and  housing utensils plenty  of coconut   woods are available as wood substitutes  throughout Indonesia. It is technically  as  well  as  economically  viable.   Its  investment  opportunities   is  good  and  its prospects is also promising.The analysis was based on a case study which was conducted in North Sulawesi Province of eastern  Indonesia   using   a   dynamic  programming   aproach   to  identify   and   to   analyse intertemporal investment allocation possibilities  and its best altematives  to gain financial  and economic  return.   When the limited funds were to be best dicided and allocated based on scarcityresource allocation  decision approach then the dynamic programming  model has proven  as a best choice.  Eventhougk  the model is not a best one but it is available  to guide the decision makers to best posible alternative solutions in a decision making process.Keywords :   Dynamic  Progranuning  Model,   Coconut   Wood  utilization,  North  Sulawesi.
PENGARUH TANIN-FORMALDEHIDA TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK DAN KETAHANAN TARIK PAPAN SERAT YANG DIBUAT DENGAN PROSES BASAH Bambang Wiyono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 5 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3783.768 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.5.275-278

Abstract

Condensed-tannin from bark of  Pinus merkusii  Jungh  et de  Vriese,  can react  with  formaldehyde in alkali or acid condition  to form  tannin-formaldehyde. The  reaction  product is assumed  to be an excellent  sizing  material for fiberboard manufactures. The  purpose   of  this  research  is  to  study   the  effect   of  tannin-formaldehyde  sizing  on  moisture  content, density,     thickness, water absorption, thickness swelling, and tensile strength parallel to surface of  fiber board properties. The amount  of  tannin-formaldehyde added  to pulp  consisting  of 0,3,6, 9 and  1.2 percent based on  oven dry  pulp.    Results indicate  that  the  addition of  tannin-formaldehyde during  the  fiberboard  making  process  has a highly significant  effect on  reducing water absorption and  thickness swelling.   Similarly, the tensile strength  parallel to surface  of fiberboard was  significantly  improved by  adding  tannin-formaldehyde.  Overall  improvement  of  fiberboard  properties  could  be achieved  by adding 12 percent of  the sizing  agent to the  stock.
ASPEK SOSIAL EKONOMI TUMPANGSARI HUTAN DI KESATUAN PEMANGKUAN HUTAN (KPH) CIAMIS WILAYAH DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (DAS) CITANDUY Rachman Effendi; Akub J Abdurachman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 6 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4651.312 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.6.360-364

Abstract

One  of planting  pattern   in reforestation   that  has proved   to  be successful   is  taungya   system.   The  advantage gained by  the  farmers  are especially  in the  fulfilment  of  food  need  in  the short  term.The average income of  farmers from taungya  system  in KPH Ciamis, Citanduy  catchment area, is I47.526,- rupiahs per year per share area (0.219I hectare) or 28.5% of  farmer  total  income.Variables that significantly influence the income from taungya system  (YI)  are production facility  expenditure (XI), labour  cost  (X2),  and share area (X6).  The  relationship  is shown   by  linear regression   model YI  =  154,4588 + l,2791 XI + I,8254 X2  +  0,0214 X6  (R2 =  0,8388).Farmers  income   level  from  taungya  system   has positively  influenced  the  main  plants.  The  regression  model   that shows  the  relationship   between  farmer  income  and  base plane  area is shown   by  the  equation Y2  =  0,3557 + 0,05I3 YI   (R2 = 0,6801) at  99%  confidence   level.
PENAPISAN SENYAWA FITOKIMIA DAN PENGUJIAN ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK DAUN POHON MERAPAT Kissinger Kissinger; Evrizal AM Zuhud; Latifah Latifah; Darusman Darusman; Iskandar Iskandar
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 31, No 1 (2013): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3959.032 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2013.31.1.9-18

Abstract

Hutan kerangas merupakan kumpulan vegetasi pohon di hutan hujan tropis, dicirikan antara lain oleh kandungan hara dan keanekaragaman hayati yang rendah, sehingga penggunaan pohonnya menjadi terbatas. Hutan kerangas tersebar luas di Kalimantan (misalnya Kalimantan Selatan). Salah satu jenis pohon yang dapat tumbuh dan berkembang pada kondisi ekstrim adalah merapat (Combretocarpus rotundatus). Daunnya mengandung senyawa kimia tertentu yang mengindikasikan berkemampuan fisiologis menghasilkan bioaktivitas seperti antioksidan. Sebagai konsekuesinya, hal ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah dari pemanfaatan pohon kerangas. Terkait hal tersebut, pencermatan terhadap kandungan senyawa fitokimia dan pengujian kemampuan antioksidan dilakukan terhadap sampel kering daun merapat yang berasal dari hutan kerangas di Kalimantan Selatan. Awalnya, daun kering diekstrak dengan larutan metanol menghasilkan ekstrak methanol (sampel 1), fraksinasi lanjutan dilakukan dengan kromatografi kolom menggunakan eluent kloroform. Fraksi kloroform yang didapatkan (sampel 2) selanjutnya difraksinasi kembali menggunakan campuran larutan etil asetat-kloroform (dengan proporsi sama), yang menghasilkan sampel 3. Pencermatan fitokimia mengungkapkan bahwa ekstrak metanol mengandung senyawa fitokimia tertentu seperti flavonoid, turunan phenol, hidrokuinon, tanin dan triterpenoid, yang berperan sebagai antioksidan. Ekstrak metanol (sampel 1) menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dengan memberikan reaksi reduksi terhadap pelepasan radikal bebas oleh Difenil Pikril Hidrazil Hidrat (DPPH) (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), walaupun penggunaan dari fraksi kloroform (sampel 2) dan fraksi lanjutan etil asetat-kloroform (sampel 3) sangat rendah. Penghambatan radikal bebas dari DPPH pada tingkat 50% (IC 50) oleh ekstrak metanol terjadi pada konsentrasi 21,823 ppm. Sementara itu, vitamin C dan BHT sebagai kontrol aktivitas antioksidan terbentuk lebih efisien pada konsentrasi di bawah 21,823 ppm (berturut-turut pada konsentrasi 6,738 ppm dan 6,279 ppm). Bagaimanapun, nilai IC 50 tersebut memberikan penjelasan kuat bahwa potensi bioaktivitas ekstrak metanol daun merapat dapat digunakan sebagai antioksidan. Kata kunci : Hutan kerangas, jenis pohon merapat, daun, antioksidan, DPPH-pelepas radikal bebas, kontrol antioksidan, vitamin C dan BHT
ANALISIS KIMIA DAN DESTILASI KERING KAYU KARET Sri Komarayati; Dadang Setiawan; Tjutju Nurhayati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 13, No 1 (1995): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3900.923 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1995.13.1.1-8

Abstract

This paper  deals with chemical  and charcoal properties  of rubberwood.  The analysis of chemical  propertis comprises of  the determination   of cellulose, holocellulose,   lignin, pentosan, moisture  content,    ash  content,  silica  content,  solubility  in  cold  water,    hot  water,   sodium hydroxide  1  percent  and ethanol-benzene    (1 : 2). The  analysis of charcoal property comprises of charcoal,  tar,  pyroligneous  liquor,   calorific value,  volatile matter and fixed carbon.The result showed  that cellulose  content   48.38   %  -  50.26  %  ;  holocellulose 59.68   %  -60.17    %  ;  lignin 31.33  %  -  33.49  %  ;  pentosan  15.98   %  -  16.43   %  ;  moisture   content 7.34  -9. 98 %  ; ash 0. 64 - 0. 71  % ; silica 0. 57 %  - 0. 60 %.  Solubility in cold water 2. 39 %  - 4.48 %;  in hot water  3.33   %   - 5.93   %  ;  in alcohol-benzene     (1  :  2)  2.35  %   - 2.37    %  and in one percent sodium hydroxide 18. 87 %  - 20. 72 %.Based on chemical analysis,  especially  the cellulose and pentosan  content,   rubberwood is suitable as raw material forpulp and paper,  rayon andfiberwood.Chemical analysis of charcoal indicated that charcoal yield variedfrom 28.16  %  - 29. 77 %  ;  tar   6.86  %  -  7.4666   %  ; pyroligneous   liquor  87.50   -  103.23   %  ;  calorific value  7114.68  cal/gr -7166. 77 cal/gr .fixed carbon 73.82   %  -  78.05 %  and volatile mailer 20.45 % - 23. 61 %. Proximate  analysis  of charcoal  obtained from this  experiments   revealed that   the   quality are suitable for commercial charcoal, metallurgy charcoal and as raw malerial of activated charcoal.
KERENTANAN TIGA JENIS ROTAN KOMERSIL TERHADAP SERANGAN JAMUR Sihati Suprapti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 3 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4045.463 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.3.194-197

Abstract

The  result  of  a  study   on  the  susceptibility    of  rattan  to  fungal  attack.   Three  rattan  species  i.e.   irit (Calamus  trachy- coleus  Becc.),   manau  (C.  manan  Miq.)  and  semambu   (C. scipionum Lour.)   both peeled  and  unpeeled  were kept  out  door. Fungal  infestation   was than  observed  after  one,  two,   four  and  eight  week  periods.  At  the end of experiment,   each rattan sample  was split  into  two  halves to observe  internal  discoloration.   The result showes  that  irit was most  susceptible   to stain attack   and  infestation   on peeled  cane seems  to  be more  severe  compared   with  unpeeled  ones.  The  average rate of  infes- tation  of  the  rattan  species  studied was  10.59   % (4.65  -   14,92  %) per  week.   The  lowest  and  highest  rate of  infestation were shown  respectively   by  unpeeled  manau and peeled  irit rattan.  It was also revealed  that  93.33  % of  the  test speciments were  internally  stained,   of  which  46.67  % were badly stained.  Semambu  rattan seems  to  beresistant  to fungal  infestation, most  of  which showing  low degree  of  internal stain.
NILAI TAMBAH PRODUKSI KAYU LAPIS, INDAH DARI BEBERAPA PERUSAHAAN DI SUMATRA UTARA Rachman Effendi; Suwidji Basuki
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 6 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (7554.008 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.6.378-381

Abstract

One  of  the  products   that  can  be produced   from  secondary  process  of plywood  is fancy  plywood.  The product   is usually  constructed by  overlaying  plywood   with  fancy   veneer  or  other   material  with  nice  decorative  appearance.   This process  will add extra  value to  the final product   intern of selling price as compared  with  ordinary plywood.  In this study fancy. plywood   is constructed   by  overlaying plywood  with  fancy  veneer of  jati,   mahoni  and  rengas.Added  value of fancy plywood  (from plywood)in  three ply mills in North Sumatra  amounted   to Rp.1,032,749,600 in one  year resulted  from 5141 cu.m of  plywood. The  value  is accounted   for  production  factors  with   the  following proportion: 17.73 % from depreciation   factor, 21.94 % from  labour  cost,  and  60.33  % from  profit, taxes,  and  others. The employment created  by  each factory is 48  workers  which  are  equal to 13,920  man days  per year.

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