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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri merupakan publikasi ilmiah primer yang memuat hasil penelitian primer komoditas perkebunan yang belum dimuat pada media apapun, diterbitkan oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan, DIPA 2011 terbit empat kali setahun.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 552 Documents
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PENGARUH TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BUAH TERHADAP AKTIVITAS LARVASIDA DAN SIFAT FISIKO-KIMIA MINYAK KAMANDRAH (Croton tiglium L.) NOOR ROUFIQ AHMADI; DJUMALI MANGUNWIDJAJA; ONO SUPARNO; DYAH ISWANTINI P.
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 17, No 4 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v17n4.2011.163-168

Abstract

ABSTRAKIndonesia terkenal kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati, termasukjenis tumbuhan yang mengandung bahan aktif insektisida. Tanamankamandrah (Croton tiglium L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yangbanyak terdapat di wilayah Indonesia dan telah dimanfaatkan sebagaiinsektisida nabati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristikfisiko-kimia minyak kamandrah pada berbagai tingkat kematangan sebagailarvasida nabati terhadap larva nyamuk demam berdarah dengue (A.aegypti). Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian TanamanRempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri (Balittri) Sukabumi, Balai BesarLitbang  Pascapanen  Pertanian  Bogor,  Insektarium  LaboratoriumParasitologi dan Entomologi Kesehatan FKH IPB Bogor, dan Biofarmaka-LPPM IPB Bogor, mulai bulan Februari sampai Desember 2010. Minyakkamandrah diperoleh dengan ekstraksi menggunakan pengempa hidrolikpada suhu 65 o C dan tekanan 7,9 MPa pada buah kamandrah dengan tigatingkat kematangan yang berbeda: warna kulit buah hijau kecokelatan,cokelat kehijauan, dan cokelat penuh. Minyak yang diperoleh selanjutnyadianalisis bilangan asam, kadar asam lemak bebas, bilangan peroksida,indeks bias, berat jenis, dan nilai warna minyak, serta uji larvasidaterhadap larva nyamuk A. aegypti instar III. Penentuan nilai lethalconcentration (LC) dilakukan dengan metode probit analisis (FinneyMethod). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan nilai LC,rendemen, dan mutu minyaknya, buah kamandrah yang berwarna kulitcokelat penuh lebih berpotensi sebagai larvasida nabati terhadap larva A.aegypti. Rendemen minyak kamandrah 20,42% dan nilai LC 50 adalah132,67 ppm (24 jam) dan 70,08 ppm (48 jam). Minyak tersebut memilikibilangan asam 8,76 mg KOH/g minyak; kadar asam lemak bebas 4,36 mgKOH/g minyak; bilangan peroksida 3,59 meq O/100g minyak; indeks bias1,4783; bobot jenis 0,9466 g/ml; dan warna meliputi nilai L* 73,03; a*3,26; dan b* 64,13. Minyak kamandrah berpotensi dapat dimanfaatkansebagai larvasida nabati dalam pengendalian vektor penyakit DBD.Kata kunci : Croton tiglium L., kematangan buah, minyak kamandrah,larvasidaABSTRACTEffect of Maturity Level of Fruits on Larvicidal Activityand Physico-Chemical Properties of Kamandrah (Crotontiglium L.) OilIndonesia is famously rich in biodiversity, including species of plants thatcontain active ingredient for insecticide. Kamandrah plant (Croton tigliumL.) is one of many medicinal plants found in parts of Indonesia and it hasbeen used as an insecticidal plant. The objectives this research were todetermine the physico-chemical characteristics and larvasidal activities ofoil extracted from kamandrah seeds with varying levels of maturity asbotanical larvicide for mosquito dengue fever. The expreriments wereconducted in the Laboratory of Indonesian Spice and Industrial CropsResearch Institute (ISICRI) Sukabumi, Indonesian Center for AgriculturalPostharvest Research  and  Development (ICAPRD),  InsectariumLaboratory of Health Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinaryof Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), and Biopharmaca IPB Bogor,from February to December 2010. The oil was obtained through extractionusing hydraulic pressurer at 65 o C temperatures and 7.9 MPa pressures ofkamandrah fruits with three different maturity levels : brownish green,greenish brown, and fully brown color of fruit skins. Oil gained was thenanalyzed its acid number, free fatty acid content, peroxides number,refractive index, specific gravity, and oil color values, as well as the oillarvasida test against mosquito larvae A. aegypti instar III. Determinationthe oil lethal concentration (LC) values was tested using probit analysismethod (Finney Method). The results showed that based on the values ofLC, content, and quality of the oil, full-brown colored kamandrah fruits aremore potential as larvivida against A. aegypti larvae. Oil content of thekamandrah was 20.42% while LC 50 values were 132.67 ppm (at 24 hours)and 70.08 ppm (at 48 hours). The acid number of the oil was 8.76 mgKOH/g oil; free fatty acid level of 4.36 mg KOH/g oil; peroxide number of3.59 meq O/100 g oil, refractive index of 1.4783; density of 0.9466 g/ml;and the color values were 73.03, 3.26, and 64.13 for L*, a*, and b*,respectively. Therefore, kamandrah oil is very potential to be used aslarvicide for controling the vector of dengue disease.Key words: Croton tiglium L., fruit maturity, kamandrah oil, larvicide
PENGARUH TINGGI MUKA AIR SALURAN DRAINASE, PUPUK, DAN AMELIORAN TERHADAP EMISI CO 2 PADA PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI LAHAN GAMBUT AI DARIAH; JUBAEDAH JUBAEDAH; WAHYUNTO WAHYUNTO; JOKO PITONO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 19, No 2 (2013): Juni 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v19n2.2013.66-71

Abstract

ABSTRAKDrainase yang berlebihan dan penggunaan pupuk yang intensifdiduga menjadi penyebab tingginya emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) padaperkebunan kelapa sawit di lahan gambut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmempelajari pengaruh tinggi muka air (TMA) saluran drainase, pupuk,serta amelioran terhadap emisi CO 2  dari perkebunan kelapa sawit di lahangambut. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Januari 2010 sampai denganDesember 2011, pada perkebunan sawit di lahan gambut, di KecamatanSiak Kecil, Kabupaten Bengkalis, Riau, menggunakan rancangan petakterpisah, tiga ulangan. Petak utama adalah TMA saluran drainase (40, 60,dan 80 cm). Anak petak adalah pupuk dan amelioran: (1) dolomit 3kg/pohon/tahun; (2) Pugam 10 kg/pohon/tahun; (3) Pupuk dosisrekomendasi (2,5 kg urea+2,75 kg SP-36+2,25 kg KCl+dolomit 2kg)/pohon/tahun; (4) Pupuk 75% dosis rekomendasi pukan 20kg/pohon/tahun; (5) Pupuk 75% dosis rekomendasi Pugam 2,5 kg/pohon.Parameter yang diamati adalah fluks CO 2 . Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa pada TMA drainase 80 cm, perlakuan dolomit menghasilkan fluksCO 2 nyata paling tinggi (142,1 t/ha/tahun) dan terendah (44,5 t/ha/tahun)dicapai perlakuan pugam. Fluks CO 2 yang tinggi (130,6 t/ha/tahun) jugadicapai perlakuan pupuk dosis rekomendasi, khususnya pada TMA 40 cm.Pada musim kemarau TMA drainase berpengaruh nyata terhadap fluksCO 2 , terendah dicapai TMA 40 cm. Oleh karena itu, untuk meminimalkanemisi gas CO 2 , maka TMA drainase perlu dipertahankan sedangkalmungkin (sekitar 40 cm) selama tidak menurunkan produksi kelapa sawit.Amelioran dengan bahan aktif kation polyvalen berpotensi dapat menekanemisi GRK dari lahan gambut yang dikelola secara intensif.Kata kunci: amelioran, emisi, drainase, gambut, kelapa sawit, pupukABSTRACTExcessive drainage and intensive use of fertilizers thought to bethe cause of high greenhouse gas emissions in peatland under oil palmplantations. The study aimed at measuring the influence of water leveldrainage (WLD), fertilizer, and ameliorant on CO 2 emissions from oilpalm plantations on peatland. The study was conducted from January2010 to December 2011, at oil palm plantation on peatland, located in SiakKecil District, Bengkalis Regency, Riau, using split plot design, with threereplications. The main plot were WLD (40, 60, and 80 cm), as sub plotswere fertilizer and amelioran: (1) dolomite 3 kg/tree/year; (2) peatfertilizer 10 kg/tree/year; (3) dose of fertilizer recommendations (2,5 kgurea+2,75 kg SP-36+2,25 kg KCl+dolomite 2 kg)/tree/year; (4) 75% doseof fertilizer recommendations + manure 20 kg/tree/year; (5) 75% dose offertilizer recommendations + peat fertilizer 2.5 kg/tree/year. Parameterobserved was CO 2 flux. The result showed that at WLD 80 cm, dolomitetreatment resulted the highest (142,1 t/ha/year) and the lowest CO 2  flux(44,5 t/ha/year) resulted by peat fertilizer. The highest CO 2 flux alsoreached by fertilizer recommendations treatment, particularly on WLD 40cm. In dry season WLD significantly effect on CO 2 flux. The lowestreached by WLD 40 cm. Based on that the WLD needs to be maintainedin a state of shallow (approximately 40 cm), without lowering production.The use of fertilizer containing ameliorant with the polyvalen cation asactive material, potentially suppress the rate of greenhouse gas emissionsfrom peatlands are managed intensively.Key words: ameliorant, emission, drainage, peatland, oil palm, , fertilizer
PENGARUH JUMLAH RUAS DAN PANJANG BATANG TERHADAP VIABILITASB ENIH SERAI W ANGI (Cy mpobogon nardus L.) SUKARMAN SUKARMAN; D. SESWITA; MELATI MELATI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 21, No 3 (2015): September 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v21n3.2015.139-144

Abstract

ABSTRAKPengembangan   serai   wangi  memerlukan   ketersediaan   benih bermutu. Sampai saat ini, informasi standar mutu benih serai wangi masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui viabilitas benih serai wangi dengan jumlah ruas dan panjang batang yang berbeda sebagai dasar penyusunan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (Balittro) dari Mei sampai Juni 2013 dengan menggunakan benih serai wangi klon G 2. Percobaan disusun secara faktorial dengan tiga faktor dan diulang empat kali dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Faktor pertama adalah jumlah ruas stolon: (1) satu dan (2) dua. Faktor kedua adalah ukuran panjang batang semu: (1)15, (2) 20, dan (3) 25 cm. Faktor ketiga adalah periode penyimpanan: (1) 0, (2) 3, (3) 6, (4) 9, dan (5) 12 hari. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kadar air, daya tumbuh, serta bobot basah dan kering.  Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan viabilitas  benih  serai  wangi dipengaruhi oleh jumlah ruas stolon dan panjang batang. Benih dengan dua ruas dan panjang batang 25 cm mempunyai viabilitas lebih baik dibandingkan satu ruas dan panjang 15 cm. Sampai 12 hari penyimpanan di suhu kamar, benih masih segar dengan daya tumbuh 83,75%.Kata kunci:  Cymbopogon  nardus  L.,  jumlah  ruas,  panjang  batang, penyimpanan, viabilitas ABSTRACTEffect of Internodes Number and Stems Length on Viability of Citronella Seeds (Cympobogon nardus L.) Development of citronella required the availability of good quality seed. Presently, standard information of citronella seed quality is not available. The research aims to study the viability of citronella seeds from different internodes number and stem length as the basic for preparing Indonesian National Standards. The experiment was conducted in the green house  of  the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute (ISMECRI), from May until June 2013, by using citronella clones G 2. Factorial experiment with three factors and four replications was arranged in a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD). The first factor was  internodes numbers: (1) one and (2) two. The second factor was stem length: (1) 15, (2) 20, and (3) 25 cm. The third factor was storage periods: (1) 0, (2) 3, (3) 6, (4) 9, and (5) 12 days. Parameters observed included seeds moisture content, seeds germination, fresh, and dry weight. The results of experiment indicated that viability of citronella seeds was affected by stolon internodes number and stem length. Seeds with two internodes and stem length 25 cm has better viability than with one of internode and 15 cm   of stem   length.   Up to 12 days storage at room temperature, the seeds were still fresh with the germination 83.75%.Keywords:  Cymbopogon nardus  L.,  internodes number,  stem length, storage, viability
EKOBIOLOGI NEMATODA HAWAR DAUN (Aphelenchoides fragariae) PADA TANAMAN SAMBILOTO (Andrographis paniculata) DJIWANTI, SETYOWATI RETNO; SUPRIADI, SUPRIADI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 17, No 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v17n3.2011.95-101

Abstract

ABSTRAKNematoda hawar daun (Aphelenchoides fragariae) merupakan salahsatu kendala dalam budidaya tanaman obat sambiloto (Andrographispaniculata). Informasi tentang perilaku dan cara pengendalian nematodapada tanaman sambiloto masih sangat terbatas. Dalam rangka mencari carapengendalian nematoda yang efektif, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui ekobiologi nematoda tersebut seperti kisaran inang, sumberinokulum, dan pestisida. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium, rumah kaca,dan kebun percobaan Balittro pada tahun 2006-2008. Studi kisaran inangalami dilakukan dengan mengamati karakteristik gejala khas penyakit,ekstraksi, dan karakterisasi morfologi nematoda dari sampel daun-daungulma yang tumbuh di pembibitan dan pertanaman sambiloto. Studi sum-ber penularan nematoda dilakukan dengan metode bioassay, yaitu denganmengamati gejala hawar daun dan jenis nematoda pada bibit sambilotoyang ditanam pada beberapa macam media tumbuh (tanah steril dicampurdengan beberapa macam jenis bahan organik seperti pupuk kandang,kompos, pupuk organik, dan potongan daun-daun sambiloto sakit).Sedangkan studi sensitivitas nematoda terhadap pestisida sintetik dannabati dilakukan di rumah kaca dan di lapang. Hasil penelitian menun-jukkan bahwa 6 jenis gulma, yaitu babadotan (Ageratum conyzoides),pulus hayam (Acalypha lanceolata), calincing (Oxalys sepium), gulmaBorreria sp., gulma daun sirih (Lindernia sp.), dan paku (Pleocnemia sp.)merupakan inang pengganti nematoda A. fragariae. Bahan organik sepertipupuk kandang dan serasah daun sambiloto sakit dalam tanah merupakansumber penting inokulum A. fragariae, tetapi penyebaran utama penyakitterjadi melalui bibit terinfeksi dan kontak fisik antara daun sakit dengandaun sehat. Perkembangan penyakit hawar daun berlangsung selama 2-4minggu setelah infeksi pertama. Senyawa karbofuran (2-5 g/tanaman),CNSL (cashew nut shell liquid) (0,5-1,0%), tepung (10,0-15,0 g/tanaman),dan ekstrak biji mimba (0,5-1,0%) efektif menekan populasi A. fragariae.Penanaman bibit sehat, sanitasi kebun, penggunaan pupuk kandang yangbenar-benar matang, dan aplikasi pestisida merupakan faktor pentingdalam pengendalian penyakit hawar daun nematoda pada sambiloto.Kata kunci: Andrographis paniculata, sambiloto, nematoda hawar daun,Aphelenchoides fragariae, ekobiologiABSTRACTBioecology of Leaf Blotch Nematode (Aphelenchoidesfragariae) on King of Bitter Plant (Andrographispaniculata)Leaf blotch nematode (Aphelenchoides fragariae) is one of the mostimportant constrains on cultivation of king of bitter plant (Andrographispaniculata). Information on the bioecology and control method of thenematode is still limited. In relation to finding an effective control methodof the nematode, this study aimed to evaluate several bioecological factorsof the nematode, such as its host range, inoculums source, and sensitivityof the nematode to several chemicals. The studies were conducted inlaboratory, green house, and experimental station of the IndonesianMedicinal and Aromatic Crops Research Institute in 2006-2008. Naturalhost range of the nematode was studied by examining the typical diseasesymptoms on leaves of several weeds grown in the nursery and field of theking of bitter plants, followed with extraction and morphologicalexamination of nematodes. Infection source of the nematode was carriedout by bioassay method using healthy king of bitter seedlings grown onsoil planting medium incorporated with suspected infection sources suchas animal manure, compost, organic fertilizer, and diseased leaf cutting ofthe plants. Sensitivity of the nematode to several pesticides (carbofuran,neem seed powder, neem seed extract, and cashew nut shell liquid) wasconducted in the green house and field. The results showed that six weedssuch as Ageratum conyzoides, Acalypha lanceolata, Oxalys sepium,Borreria sp., Lindernia sp., and Pleocnemia sp. grown in the nursery andfield of king of bitter plantation were infected with the nematode; thereforethese plants are natural alternate hosts of A. fragariae. Organic animalmanure and infected fallen leaves of the king of bitter were importantsources of inoculums of A. fragariae, however, main spread of the diseasewas through infected seedlings and direct contact between healthy andinfected leaves. Leaf blotch disease development occurred 2-4 weeks afterfirst infection. Chemicals such as carbofuran (2-5 g/plant), cashew nutshell liquid (0.5-1.0%), neem seed powder (10.0-15.0 g/plant) and extract(0.5-1.0%) were effectively suppressed the nematode. Planting disease-free seedlings, sanitation, and application of well-decomposed animalmanure and certain chemical pesticides are important factors to control theleaf blotch nematode on king of bitter plant.Key words: Andrographis paniculata, king of bitter, leaf blotchnematode, Aphelenchoides fragariae, bioecology.
KORELASI ANTARA AGRESIVITAS INOKULUM SPORANGIA DENGAN TOKSISITAS FILTRAT Phytophthora capsici ASAL TANAMAN LADA (Piper nigrum L.) CHAERANI, CHAERANI; MANOHARA, DYAH
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 18, No 4 (2012): Desember 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v18n4.2012.173-182

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenggunaan varietas lada tahan penyakit paling praktis dan efektifuntuk menekan serangan Phytophthora capsici, penyebab penyakit busukpangkal batang (BPB) lada, tetapi varietas lada tersebut belum tersedia.Seleksi dini ketahanan lada dapat dilakukan di laboratorium menggunakaninokulum sporangia atau filtrat biakan P. capsici. Tujuan penelitian iniialah membandingkan agresivitas inokulum sporangia dengan toksisitasfiltrat biakan (FB) P. capsici. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Juni sampaiSeptember 2009 di laboratorium Biokimia BB Biogen dan Hama danPenyakit Balittro. Penelitian menggunakan 50 isolat P. capsici dariberbagai daerah pertanaman lada yang diisolasi tahun 1982 sampai 2009.Daun-daun lada yang diambil dari varietas Natar-1 (agak tahan terhadap P.capsici) dan Petaling-1 (rentan terhadap P. capsici) diinokulasi denganpotongan agar mengandung sporangia atau 20 µl FB P. capsici. Percobaandilakukan secara faktorial (2 varietas × 50 isolat) dengan rancangan acakkelompok dan tiga ulangan. Derajat agresivitas isolat dan toksisitas FBdiukur berdasarkan luas bercak nekrotik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa agresivitas inokulum sporangia dan toksisitas FB bervariasi antarisolat P. capsici. Bercak nekrotik yang disebabkan oleh inokulumsporangia lebih luas (0,0–2.535,2 mm 2 ) dibandingkan dengan FB (0,7–233,0 mm 2 ). Derajat agresivitas isolat dan toksisitas FB sangat dipengaruhioleh asal isolat (P<0,0001), tetapi tidak dipengaruhi oleh varietas daninteraksi isolat×varietas (P>0,05). Derajat ketahanan pada varietas tahanNatar-1 diduga tidak berbasis genetik dan tidak berbeda nyata dari varietasrentan Petaling-1 sehingga kedua metode seleksi ketahanan tidak dapatdibedakan keefektifannya. Luas bercak nekrotik yang diinduksi oleh FBtidak berkorelasi nyata dengan yang ditimbulkan oleh inokulum sporangia(R 2 =0,002; P>0,05), sehingga secara umum FB P. capsici tidak dapatdigunakan sebagai standar pengujian ketahanan lada. Oleh karena itumasih perlu dikembangkan metode inokulasi yang konsisten untuk seleksidini ketahanan lada.Kata kunci: lada, penyakit busuk pangkal batang, Phytophthora capsici,agresivitas, filtrat biakan, seleksi diniABSTRACTResistant varieties are the most practical and effective means tocontrol Phytophthora capsici, the pathogen of foot rot disease of blackpepper. However, no resistant cultivars are available. Early selection ofblack pepper resistance can be performed in laboratory using P. capsiciinocula or culture filtrate. The objective of this study was to compare P.capsici isolate aggressiveness with culture filtrate (CF) toxicity. The studywas conducted from June until September 2009 at the BiochemistryLaboratory of the Indonesian Center for Agriculutral Biotechnology andGenetic Resources Research and Development and the Plant Pest andDisease Laboratory of the Indonesian Research Institute of Spice andMedicinal Crops. The study used 50 P. capsici isolates collected fromvarious black pepper plantations during 1982 until 2009. Detached leavesof two black pepper cultivars, i.e. moderately resistant cv. Natar-1 andsusceptible cv. Petaling-1, were inoculated with agar blocks containingsporangia or 20 µl CF of P. capsici. The experiments were designed asfactorial experiments (2 cultivars × 50 isolates) under a randomizedcompletely block design. Isolate aggressiveness and CF toxicity weremeasured based on the necrotic area of the inoculated leaves. The resultsfrom the two inoculation methods showed varying levels of aggressivenessand CF toxicity among isolates. Necrotic lesions incited by sporangialinoculum were more extensive (0.0-2,535.2 mm 2 ) than those induced byCF (0.7-233.0 mm 2 ). Degree of isolate aggressiveness and CF toxicitywere significantly affected by origins of isolate (P<0.0001), but not bycultivar and isolate×cultivar interaction (P>0.05). Resistance degree in themoderately resistant cv. Natar-1 was presumably not genetically based andwas not different to that in the susceptible cv. Petaling-1, and hence bothselecting agents were unable to discriminate resistance level between thetwo cultivars. Necrotic sizes induced by CF did not well correlate withthose incited by sporangial inocula (R 2 =0.002; P>0.05), indicating that CFis generally not suitable to be used as early selection agent of resistantplants. Therefore, further study is justified to find more reliable inoculationmethod for early detection of resistant black pepper.Key words: black pepper, foot rot disease, Phytophthora capsici,aggressiveness, culture filtrate, early selection in laboratory
INBREEDING DEPRESSION PADA PROGENI HASIL PENYERBUKAN SENDIRI DAN OUTBREEDING DEPRESSION PADA HASIL PENYERBUKAN SILANG JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) HARTATI, RR. SRI; SUDARSONO, SUDARSONO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 20, No 2 (2014): Juni 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v20n2.2014.65-76

Abstract

ABSTRAKUntuk mengetahui pengaruh inbreeding (ID) dan outbreedingdepression (OD) pada tanaman jarak pagar dilakukan evaluasi populasi S1hasil penyerbukan sendiri dan F1 hasil penyerbukan silang genotipeterpilih. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai PenelitianTanaman Industri dan Penyegar mulai Juni 2009-Juli 2010. Evaluasimenggunakan 100 populasi S1 dan F1 yang berasal dari persilangan diallellengkap antar 10 tetua yang terdiri atas 1 tetua berdaya hasil rendah, 6tetua berdaya hasil sedang, dan 3 tetua berdaya hasil tinggi. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan penyerbukan sendiri pada tanaman jarak pagartidak selalu mengakibatkan ID. ID ditemukan pada sebagian karakterprogeni hasil penyerbukan sendiri tetua 1 (575-3), 2 (HS 49-2), 4 (PT 13-1), 5 (SP 16-2), 6 (PT 33-2), 7 (3012-1), 8 (PT 15-1), 9 (PT 14-1), dan 10(Sulsel 8), sedangkan OD ditemukan pada progeni hasil penyerbukansilang tetua 3 (IP 1A-2) dengan tetua lainnya. Penyerbukan sendiri tetua 2(HS 49-2), 6 (PT 33-2), 8 (PT 15-1), dan 9 (PT 14-1) mengakibatkan IDpada karakter umur berbunga dan OD pada karakter jumlah buah pertanaman dan menghasilkan progeni yang lebih cepat berbunga danberbuah  lebih  banyak  dibanding  penyerbukan  silangnya.  ODmengakibatkan penurunan hasil pada F1. Persilangan antar tetua dengandaya hasil berbeda menghasilkan progeni F1 dengan daya hasil lebihrendah dari tetua terbaiknya. Persilangan dengan tetua jantan berdaya hasilrendah menghasilkan progeni F1 yang berdaya hasil lebih rendah dari tetuabetinanya. Penurunan daya hasil pada progeni F1 akibat persilangandengan tetua jantan berdaya hasil rendah berkisar 31-76%.Kata kunci: Jatropha curcas L., populasi S1, populasi F1, penurunanhasilABSTRACTA sets of F1 and S1 arrays were generated to determine the presenceof inbreeding (ID) and outbreeding (OD) effects of physic nut. Researchwas conducted at Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops ResearchInstitute Experimental Station during June 2009 to July 2010. Ten physicnut genotypes i.e. 1 parent with low yield, 6 parents with medium, and 3parents with high yield potential were used to generate one hundred F1 andS1 progenies by full diallel scheme. Results indicated ID only occurred ina several number of genotypes. ID for a number of characters wereobserved among S1 progenies derived from parents number 1 (575-3), 2(HS 49-2), 4 (PT 13-1), 5 (SP 16-2), 6 (PT 33-2), 7 (3012-1), 8 (PT 15-1),9 (PT 14-1), and 10 (Sulsel 8), while OD were observed among F1progenies derived from parent number 3 (IP 1A-2). Selfing of parentsnumber 2 (HS 49-2), 6 (PT 33-2), 8 (PT 15-1), and 9 (PT 14-1) resulted IDfor days to flowering and OD for number of fruit. Selfing of these parentsresulted early flowering and high fruit yielding progenies. OD resultedyield reduction on several F1 progenies. Crossing among parents withdifferent yield level resulted F1 progenies with lower yield than that of thebest parent. Crossing to low yielding male parent resulted F1 progenieshaving lower yield than that of low yielding female parent. Yield reductionamong F1 progenies ranged from 31 to 76%.Key words: Jatropha curcas L., S1 population, F1 population, yieldreduction
SKRINING GENOTIPE KAPAS (Gossypium sp.) UMUR GENJAH BERDAYA HASIL TINGGI SUMARTINI, SIWI; INDRAYANI, IGAA.; ABDURRAKHMAN, ABDURRAKHMAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 16, No 1 (2010): Maret 2010
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v16n1.2010.27-36

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenggunaan genotipe berumur genjah di daerah pengembangankapas yang mempunyai musim hujan pendek dapat dilakukan karenagenotipe genjah dapat lolos dari kekeringan yang terjadi pada akhirmusim. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Pasirian,Lumajang dan di Asembagus, Situbondo, Jawa Timur, pada bulan Februarisampai dengan September 2008. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untukmendapatkan genotipe kapas berumur genjah berdaya hasil tinggi sehinggadapat digunakan sebagai kultivar komersial atau sebagai tetua di dalamperakitan kultivar baru. Sebagai perlakuan digunakan 40 genotipe kapashasil introduksi termasuk KI. 243 TAMCOT SP-37 yang digunakansebagai pembanding umur genjah dan KI. 28 SK 32 sebagai pembandingumur dalam. Perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK)dengan dua ulangan. Setiap genotipe ditanam dalam petakan berukuran 3 x10 m 2 dengan jarak tanam 100 cm x 25 cm satu tanaman per lubang.Pupuk yang diberikan yaitu ZA, urea, SP-36, dan KCl masing-masingdengan dosis 100 kg/ha. Pemeliharaan tanaman disesuaikan dengankebutuhan tanaman. Jumlah hujan selama pertumbuhan tanaman diAsembagus sebesar 123 mm dalam 13 hari hujan (hh) dengan ditambahdua kali pengairan, sedangkan di Pasirian sebesar 411 mm dalam 34 hhtidak ada tambahan pengairan. Parameter yang diamati adalah: hasil kapasberbiji, hasil dan persentase panen pertama, umur tanaman, jumlah danbobot buah, skor kerusakan daun akibat serangan A. biguttula, jumlah buludaun, dan mutu serat. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah delapan genotipeyang berumur genjah (umur 132-133 hari), persentase panen pertama >80%, dengan hasil kapas berbiji > 1900 kg/ha. Ke delapan genotipetersebut adalah KI 83 Var 731N x 1656-12-76-2, KI 95 Var 619-998 x541-2-3-77-2-2, KI 96 HG P-6-3, KI 97 Var 7042-5W-79N, KI 119 Var1073-16-6 x 491L-619-4-77, KI 122 NC-177-16-C2, KI 675 PSJ I dan KI243 TAMCOT SP 37. Mutu serat genotipe-genotipe terpilih memenuhisyarat untuk industri tekstil dalam negeri maupun untuk duniaperdagangan yaitu: kehalusan serat 4,0 – 4,9 mic (sedang), kekuatan serat29,0 - 31,7 g/tex. (rendah - sedang), panjang serat 1,19 - 1,42 inci atau30,2 – 36,0 mm (panjang - sangat panjang), kerataan serat 85,4 - 87,2%,dan mulur serat 5,2 - 6,1%. Genotipe KI 83 Var 731N x 1656-12-76-2,KI 95 Var 619-998 x 541-2-3-77-2-2, dan KI 675 PSJ I memiliki rata-rata produktivitas kapas berbiji paling tinggi yaitu sebesar 2.419, 2.470,dan 2.503 kg/ha. Semua genotipe terpilih rentan terhadap Amrascabiguttula.Kata kunci : Gossypium sp., umur genjah, produksi tinggi, mutu serat,Amrasca biguttulaABSTRACTScreening of Early Maturing High Yielding Cotton(Gossypium sp.) GenotypesEarly maturing genotypes can be grown in cotton cultivation areawith short rainy season due to escaping from drought in a late season. Theresearch was conducted in Pasirian Lumajang and in AsembagusSitubondo Experimental Stations, East Java, from February to September2008. Objective of the study was to find out high yielding early maturingcotton genotypes which could be used as commercial varieties or as parentlines for engineering new varieties. As many as 40 introduced cottongenotypes were tested including KI 243 TAMCOT SP-37 and KI 28 SK32 used as control for early and late maturing genotypes. All genotypeswere arranged in a randomized block design with two replicates. Plot sizewas 3 x 10 m 2 with 100 cm x 25 cm plant spacing, one plant per hill.Fertilizer dosage were 100 kg ZA + 100 kg urea + 100 kg SP-36 + 100 kgKCl per hectare. During the growing period, the plants at Asembagus werewatered with 123 mm rain within 13 rainy days and two times extrairrigation. While in Pasirian, they were watered only with 411 rain within34 rainy days. Parameters observed were: Total seedcotton yield,seedcotton yield at first harvest, persentage of first harvest, maturity date,bolls count, bolls weight, score of leaf damage caused by A. biguttula, leafhair density, and cotton fiber quality. From the experiment there had beenselected eight early maturing (at 132-133 days) genotypes, with firstpicking percentage more than 80%, and productivity more than 1900 kgscottonseed per hectare. The selected genotypes were KI 83 Var 731N x1656-12-76-2, KI 95 Var 619-998 x 541-2-3-77-2-2, KI 96 HG P-6-3,KI 97 Var 7042-5W-79N, KI 119 Var 1073-16-6 x 491L-619-4-77, KI122NC-177-16-C2, KI 675 PSJ I and KI 243 TAMCOT SP 37. Cotton fiberquality of those genotypes suitable for domestic textile industries as wellas for bussiness, i.e: micronair 4.0 – 4.9 mic (average), fiber strength29.0 – 31.7 g/tex. (low – average), fiber length 1.19 – 1.42 inch or 30.2 –36.80 mm (long – very long), uniformity 85.4 – 87.2%, and elongation5.2 – 6.1. Averaged seed cotton productivities of KI 83 Var 731N x 1656-12-76-2, KI 95 Var 619-998 x 541-2-3-77-2-2 and KI 675 PSJ Igenotypes were around 2419, 2470, dan 2503 kg/ha, respectively. All theselected genotypes were susceptible to Amrasca biguttula.Key words : Gossypium sp., early maturing, high yielding, fiber quality,Amrasca biguttula
PENGARUH DIET EMULSI VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) TERHADAP PROFIL LIPID TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) FATIMAH, FETI; RINDENGAN, BARLINA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 17, No 1 (2011): Maret 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v17n1.2011.18-24

Abstract

ABSTRAKVirgin Coconut Oil (VCO) merupakan salah satu produk panganfungsional yang populer di masyarakat. Cita rasa VCO dapat diperkayadalam bentuk emulsi mengandung sari buah nenas. Penelitian inidilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh diet emulsi VCO terhadap profillipid tikus (Rattus norvegicus) yang sebelumnya diinduksi hiperlipidemiadengan lemak babi 180g/100g ransum dan kuning telur bebek dengandosis 4 ml/hari. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Januari sampai Desember 2009di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kelapa dan Palma Lain(BALITKA), Laboratorium FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado,Laboratorium UPHP (Unit Penelitian Hewan Percobaan) UniversitasGadjah Mada Yogyakarta serta Laboratorium PAU IPB Bogor. Delapanbelas tikus dibagi secara acak ke dalam 3 kelompok (6 tikus perkelompok). Kelompok I adalah kelompok kontrol yang diberi akuades,kelompok II diberi diet emulsi VCO, dan kelompok III diberi diet VCOmurni. Kandungan kolesterol total, HDL, LDL, dan triasilgliserol diukursetelah akhir perlakuan dengan metode enzimatik. Kadar kolesterol totaldiukur menggunakan metode CHOD-PAP, kadar kolesterol LDLmenggunakan metode PVS, kadar kolesterol HDL menggunakan metodeCHOD-PAP dan kadar triasil gliserol menggunakan metode GPO-PAP.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi 0,945ml/hari VCO dan3,78ml/hari emulsi VCO selama 7 hari dapat menurunkan kadar kolesteroltotal, kadar kolesterol LDL, serta meningkatkan kadar kolesterol HDLdarah tikus Wistar secara signifikan (=0,05), sedangkan penurunan kadartriasilgliserol hanya ditunjukkan oleh konsumsi emulsi VCO (=0,05).Dengan demikian, emulsi VCO yang diperkaya dengan sari buah nenasberperan lebih baik dari VCO murni dalam menurunkan kolesterol padahewan uji tikus.Kata kunci: Virgin coconut oil (VCO), emulsi VCO, profil lemakABSTRACTEffect of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Emulsion Diet onLipid Profile of White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is a functional food product that ispopular in the society. VCO-emulsion is a VCO emulsified with pineapplejuice. This study was conducted to find out the effect of VCO-emulsiondiet on lipid profile of mouse (Rattus norvegicus) strain wistar which wasalready treated by inducting hyperlipidemia using lard (180g/100g) andyolk (4ml/days). This research was conducted from January to December2009 at the Laboratory of Coconut and Other Palm Trees ResearchInstitute (BALITKA), the Laboratory of FMIPA Sam Ratulangi UniversityManado, the Laboratory of Experiment Animal Research Unit GadjahMada University Yogyakarta, and the Laboratory of PAU IPB Bogor.Eighteen mice were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group I was thecontrol group treated with aquadest only, group II was treated with VCO-emulsion diet, and group III was treated with pure VCO diet. The contentof total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triacylglicerol were measured at theend of the treatment using enzymatic method. In this study, there weresome methods used for measurements: CHOD-PAP method for level oftotal cholesterol, PVS method for level of LDL cholesterol, CHOD-PAPmethod for level of HDL cholesterol, and GPO-PAP method for measuringlevel of triacylglicerol. The study results showed that diet of 0.945ml/daysof VCO and 3.78ml/days of VCO emulsion for 7 days significantlydecreased the level of total cholesterol and the level of LDL cholesterol,and increased the level of HDL cholesterol in the blood of Wistar mouse(α=0.05). Whereas it was shown that only by diet of VCO emulsion(α=0.05) decreased the level of triacylglicerol. Thus, VCO emulsionsignificantly lowered cholesterol in the experimental mouse better thanpure VCO diet only.Key words : Virgin coconut oil(VCO) , VCO emulsion, lipid profile
PENGARUH JARAK TANAM DAN DOSIS PUPUK TERHADAP PRODUKSI DAN VIABILITAS BENIH SETEK NILAM (Pogostemon cablin Benth) SUKARMAN SUKARMAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 18, No 2 (2012): Juni 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v18n2.2012.81-87

Abstract

ABSTRAKSampai saat ini informasi pengaruh jarak tanam dan dosis pupukterhadap produktivitas, dan viabilitas benih nilam (Pogostemon cablinBenth) masih terbatas. Untuk itu penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuanmendapatkan jarak tanam dan dosis pupuk yang optimum untuk produksibenih/setek nilam. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan (KP)Sukamulya, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Industri Lain (Balittri),Pakuwon, Parungkuda, Sukabumi, dari Januari sampai November 2010.Percobaan faktorial, dengan tiga faktor dan tiga ulangan, disusun dalamrancangan petak terbagi dua kali (RPPT). Petak utama adalah dua varietasnilam yaitu Sidikalang dan Lhokseumawe. Anak petak adalah tiga jaraktanam yaitu (1) 1 x 0,5 m; (2) 1 x 0,7 m; dan (3) 1 x 1 m. Anak-anak petakadalah dua dosis pemupukan yaitu : 1) 30 ton pupuk kandang, 300 kg urea,150 kg SP-36, dan 300 kg KCl/th, dan 2) 45 ton pupuk kandang, 450 kgurea, 225 kg SP-36, dan 450 kg KCl/th. Ukuran plot 8,4 x 5 m. Parameteryang diamati adalah pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi tanaman, jumlahcabang primer, sekunder, dan tersier), produksi benih pertanaman,diameter bagian pangkal, tengah, dan pucuk dari cabang primer dansekunder, kadar karbohidrat dan serat, dan viabilitas benih setek.Pengamatan dilakukan pada umur enam bulan setelah tanam (6 BST).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) varietas Sidikalang dengandosis pemupukan 45 ton pupuk kandang, 450 kg urea, 225 kg SP-36, dan450 kg KCl/th, menghasilkan jumlah cabang primer paling tinggi yaitu14,29; (2) jarak tanam 1 x 0,5 m menghasilkan benih setek tertinggi(73.555 stek/1.000 m 2 ). Rata-rata diameter benih berasal dari pangkal ≥ 5mm, sedangkan rata-rata diameter benih berasal dari pucuk ≥ 4 mm; (3)Viabilitas benih pada 0 dan 4 hari setelah penyimpanan ≥ 80%. Jaraktanam 1 x 0,5 m dengan dosis pupuk kandang sebanyak 30 ton, 300 kgurea, 150 kg SP-36, dan 300 kg KCl pertahun merupakan dosis yangoptimal untuk produksi benih/setek nilam. Kombinasi perlakuanpemupukan 30 ton pupuk kandang, 300 kg urea, 150 kg SP-36, 300 kgKCl/th dengan jarak tanam 1 x 0,5 m menghasilkan keuntungan tertinggiyaitu: Rp 6.668.500 dengan nilai B/C 2,05.Kata kunci : Pogostemon cablin Benth, jarak tanam, pemupukan,produksi, kualitas benih/setekABSTRACTEffect of Spacing and Fertilizer Dosages on Productionand Viability of Patchouli Cutting SeedsInformation on the effect of plant density and fertilizer dosage onthe production and viability of patchouli seeds is still limited. Thisexperiment was aimed at finding out optimum plant spacing and fertilizerdosage for improving production and quality of patchouli cutting seeds.The experiment was conducted at Sukamulya experimental station ofIndonesian Spice and Industrial Crops Research Institute (ISICRI),Pakuwon, Sukabumi from January through November 2010. Thisexperiment was consisted of three factors and three replicates and wasarranged in a split-split-plot design. The main plots were two varieties ofpatchouli, i.e. V1 = Sidikalang and V2 = Lhokseumawe. The sub plotswere three plant spacing dimentions, i.e. S1 (1 x 0.5 m), S2 (1 x 0.7 m),and S3 (1 x 1 m). The sub-sub plots were two levels of fertilizer dosage,i.e. F1 (manure; urea, SP-36, and KCl of 30 t; 450, 225, and 450 kg/ha,respectively) and F2 (manure; urea, SP-36, and KCl of 45 t; 300, 150, and450 kg/year, respectively). Variables observed were plant growth (plantheight; number of primary, secondary, and tertiary branches), seedproductivity and viability, diameter of bottom, medium, and upper ofcutting seeds. The results of experiment indicated that Sidikalang variety,treated with 45 tons of manure, 450 kg urea, 225 kg SP-36, and 450 kgKCl per hectare produced the highest number of primary branchescompared to other treatments. Plant spacing of 1 x 0.5 m produced thehighest number of cutting seeds (73,555 stumps/1,000m 2 ). The averageddiameters of cutting seeds from basal were ≥ 5 mm while those from topwere ≥ 4 mm. Viability of the cutting seeds at 0 and 4 days after storagewas ≥ 80%. Plant spacing 1 x 0.5 m with dosage of fertilizer 30 ton dungmanure, 300 kg urea, 150 kg SP-36, and 300 kg KCl per year is the dosageoptimum for producing seed/cutting of patchouli. Combination of fertilizerdosages of 30 tons manure, 300 kg urea, 150 kg SP-36, and 300 kg KClper year and plant spacing of 1 x 0.5 m produced the highest profit asmuch as Rp 6,668,500 with B/C value of 2.05.Key words: Pogostemon cablin Benth, plant spacing, fertilizer,production, cutting seed quality
MODEL PENDUGAAN KANDUNGAN AIR, LEMAK DAN ASAM LEMAK BEBAS PADA TIGA PROVENAN BIJI JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROSKOPI INFRAMERAH DEKAT DENGAN METODE PARTIAL LEAST SQUARE (PLS) LADY C. E. CH. LENGKEY; I WAYAN BUDIASTRA; KUDANG B. SEMINAR; BAMBANG S. PURWOKO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 19, No 4 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v19n4.2013.203-211

Abstract

ABSTRAKJarak pagar berpotensi sebagai sumber biodiesel karena kandunganlemak yang tinggi (>40%) dan belum ada penggunaan lainnya.Spektroskopi (Near Infrared) NIR adalah metode yang cepat untukmengukur spektrum sampel dan tidak terdapat limbah kimia. Tujuanpenelitian adalah mengembangkan metode pendugaan komposisi kimiabeberapa  provenan  jarak  pagar  berdasarkan  spektroskopi  NIRmenggunakan kalibrasi PLS. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan tigaprovenan jarak pagar yaitu IP-3A, IP-3M, dan IP-3P masing-masing 85sampel. Spektrum reflektansi diukur menggunakan alat NIRFlex SolidsPetri pada panjang gelombang 1000–2500 nm. Sekitar ⅔ jumlah sampeldigunakan untuk mengembangkan persamaan kalibrasi dan ⅓ jumlahsampel untuk validasi. Pra perlakuan data spektrum dilakukan dengannormalisasi antara 0-1, turunan pertama Savitzky-Golay 9 titik dangabungan keduanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan spektroskopi NIRdapat menduga kadar air, lemak, dan asam lemak bebas . Koefisienkorelasi (r) antara komponen kimia metode acuan dengan dugaan NIR>0,83 menunjukkan ketepatan model cukup baik (r kadar air=0,96, r kadarlemak=0,92, dan r ALB=0,89 ). Konsistensi model kalibrasi kadarair=94,85%, lemak=82,56%, dan ALB=87,80%. Koefisien keragamandugaan (Prediction Coeficient Variability/PCV) ketiga model <10%menunjukkan model yang dibangun cukup handal. Ratio of standard errorprediction to deviation (RPD) menunjukkan metode spektroskopi NIRdapat digunakan untuk menentukan kadar air (RPD=3,30) dan lemak(RPD=2,06). Model-model yang dikembangkan secara umum layakuntuk menentukan kadar air dan lemak biji jarak pagar, tetapi belumoptimal untuk penentuan kadar ALB biji jarak pagar.Kata kunci: NIR , jarak pagar, kadar air, kadar lemak, kadar asam lemakbebasABSTRACTPhysic nut is a potential source of biodiesel. It is high in fat content,above 40% and has not been usesed for other purposes. Moisture, free fattyacid, and fat content are the chemical compounds and determinant factorfor physic nut seed quality. The objective of this study was to develop amethod to predict chemical composition of physic nut by NIRspectroscopy and PLS calibration. The study was conducted using threeprovenances of physic nut, i.e. IP-3A, IP-3M, and IP-3P, with 85 sampleseach. The wavelengths of near infrared reflectance ranged from 1000 to2500 nm, and measured by NIR Flex Solids Petri Apparatus.Approximately ⅔ of total samples were used for developing calibrationequation, while ⅓ of total samples for performing validation. Pre-treatmentof spectrum data was done by applying normalization, first derivative ofSavitzky–Golay 9 points, and as well as their combination. The resultsshowed that NIR spectroscopy performed acceptable prediction formoisture and fat content. Correlation coefficients (r) between the referencemethod and NIR prediction were 0.96 for moisture content, 0.92 for fatcontent, and 0.89 for FFA and the consistency of the model were 94.85%for moisture content, 82.56% for fat, and 87.80% for FFA. Prediction ofcoefficient of variability (PCV) of the three models ≤10 % shows that themodels are reliable. Ratio of standard error prediction to deviation (RPD)for moisture content has the potential to be used for screening (RPD=3.30)though the fat content model has rough screening (RPD=2.06).Key words: NIR, physic nut, moisture, fat, free fatty acid contents.

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