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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Articles 3,145 Documents
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Inokulum pada Fermentasi Nira Aren (Arenga Pinnata) Secara Aerob Terhadap Konversi Asam Asetat Karim Abdullah; Chairul Chairul; Syelvia Putri Utami
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Acetic acid is an organic chemical compound that gives a sour taste to vinegar and a sharp odor. Acetic acid is obtained from bioethanol using Arenga plant. Microorganism that used for processing the arenga plant into bioetanol was Saccharomyces cerevisiae and microorganism that used for processing bioethanol into acetic acid was Acetobacter aceti. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Acetobacter aceti inoculum concentration and fermentation time on acetic acid conversion rates. The research phase consisted of raw material preparation and making of inoculum, fermentation and analysis. The concentration of inoculum used in this study varied at 10%; 15%; and 20%. The fermentation results are taken after 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. Optimal bioethanol fermentation yield 3% (v / v) or 23.67 g / L, sugar conversion 73.17% at 10% inoculum concentration and produce the highest acetic acid 2.56% or 25,54 g / L at 12 days fermentation at concentration 10% inoculum.Keywords: Acetic acid, bioethanol, arenga plant, fermentation, conversion.
Perancangan Press Tool Dengan Memanfaatkan Mesin Press Bending Di Laboratorium Teknologi Produksi Universitas Riau M. Faisal; Herisiswanto Herisiswanto; Musthafa Akbar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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Abstract

Press tool is an equipment that has a working principle of emphasis by cutting, assembling, or a combination of both. The press tool can produce large quantities of production in a short time. Many kinds of products can be produced by a press tool, one of them is a plate hole. The aim of this study was to obtain the design of the press tool and the structural results of the strength analysis. This research is limited by the position machine of the press bending with dimensions of tool length of 250 cm, bottom seat width of 14 cm, seat thickness of 4.5 cm, height between punch of 30 cm, and engine power of 700 kN. A plate that can be done with a width press tool of 90 mm, a punch diameter of 50.8 with a thickness of specimen max 2 mm. This research was conducted a survey data collection then designs the sketches of component, calculation of machine element, analysis of the structural strength, technical drawing and finish. The material used is ST 50 and mild steel test specimens. The results of calculation was obtained by blangking style of 96.7 kN, cutting style of 120.9 kN, depth of cutting side of 6 mm, safety factor of steering of 1.6 and minimum diameter of 11.10 mm, voltage of spring shear 1214.02 MPa, extension of short spring 60 mm and safety factor of 1.29, clearence dies of 0.24 mm, strength of bolt connection with safety factor 0.47. Based on the analysis of structural strength with a force of 160 kN, the material of components of ST 50 that were declared safe.Keywords: press tool, machine element, analysis of structural, and strength
Penentuan Model Kesetimbangan Adsorpsi Ion Fosfat (PO4-3) Menggunakan Arang Aktif Tongkol Jagung Dengan Variasi Massa Arang Aktif Dan Kecepatan Pengadukan Nainggolan, Ira Tri Asi Br.; Herman, Syamsu; Yenti, Silvia Reni
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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One of contamination of laundry liquid waste containing phosphate causes negative impact on society lives. One of efforts to reduce phosphate in laundry wast is adsorption process. The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of absorbent active charcoal mass from the corn cobs and stirring speed and to determine the equilibrium model for phosphate adsorption.First, to determine the equilibrium time with 2 grams of active charcoal in a beaker glass with Na3PO4 solution ( 100 mL ) with 200rpm stirring speed, equilibrium time has been obtained before other variables.The more active charcoal mass of corn cobs and stirring speed of adsorption, the less reaming of phosphate concentration.At 100 rpm speed, 1 gram mass, 2 grams and 3 grams of phosphate concentration after 7,105 ppm, 5,521 ppm, 5,015 ppm absorption.At 200 rpm stirring speed for 1 gram mass, 2 grams and 3 grams of phosphate concentration after 7,065 ppm, 4,474 ppm and 2,134 ppm. At 300 rpm stirring speed for 1 gram mass, 2 grams and 3 grams of phosphate concentration after 5,140 ppm, 3,121 ppm and 2,090 ppm absorption. The mechanism of phosphate adsorption of corn cobs active charcoal powder is compatible with Freundlich Isotherm model which represents the physical adsorption with (R2) 0,999 factor correlation value.Keywords : adsorption, active charcoal, laundry waste, phosphate, equilibrium model.
Prediksi Tingkat Pertumbuhan Penduduk Menggunakan Metode Least Square Pada Desa Beringin Jaya Kec. Singingi Hilir Kab. Kuantan Singingi Syafitri Syafitri; Rahyul Amri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2019
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The population of Beringin Jaya Village, Singingi Hilir Subdistrict, Kuantan Singingi Regency has increased every year. Forecasting is an important tool in effective and efficient planning. The Least Square Method is the most widely used method for determining of data trend equations because this method produces the result of prediction mathematically. The results of this forecasting are information of future population growth, so that they can be used by the Head of the Beringin Jaya Village to make decisions for improvy policy of life quality for the residents of that Village. One of them is how the results of this prediction can be used by the Village Head in planning programs to control the rate of population growth in the future. From the results of research by comparing the results of actual data with the results of prediction using the previous 11 years data has an accuracy value calculated using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 0.1431%. So, it is declared valid.Keywords : Forecasting, Population Growth, Least Square, Mean Absolute Percentage Error
Inaktivasi Termal Spora Bacillus Subtilis Dalam Jus Nanas Sakinah Rhajani; Evelyn Evelyn; Sri Rezeki Muria
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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Bacillus subtilis is a spore-forming bacterium and has been identified as spoilage in fruit-based medium such as pineapple and tomato. Spores of B. subtilis are heat resistant bacteria. Food preservation by thermal processing is a conventional method and is still used today. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of temperature (T: 90 °C, 95 °C, 100 °C) and soluble solid 12 °Brix on the thermal inactivation of B. subtilis spores. Then, the kinetics of first order was also investigated in thermal process of B. subtilis in pineapple juice (D-value and the z- value). The D-values obtained at SS 12 ° Brix and temperatures of 90, 95, 100 °C were 13.38; 6.75, and 2.11 minutes. It was shown that higher temperature resulted in the decreasing of the time needed to inactivate the spores. Higher resistance of the spores were observed at higher SS. The results of this study indicate the importance of temperature and soluble solid for heat resistance of B. subtilis spores in pineapple juice. Keywords: Bacillus subtilis, Inactivation, Pineapple juice, Resistance, Spores
Perancangan Dan Pengujian Pompa Sebagai Turbin Untuk Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air Fadjrin Cahyani Sangadji La Ada; Asral Asral
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2019
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A pump as a turbine is a pump that is converted from a motor-driven pump to bring water, becomes driven by falling water and then turns the impeller and transformed it into a mechanical energy. Basically the Working Principle of the Pump as a Turbine is a pump that is in a state of being sedated by water at a certain height. The water will rotate the impeller, then the impeller is then passed to a generator that converts it to mechanical energy. Testing and designing the pump as a turbine aims to analyze the method of manufacture and processes for pumps designed by students. In Riau Province itself no one has used a pump as a replacement for turbines to generate electricity. Pump design as a turbine consists of searching the value of the initial variable, calculation and design. From testing the pump as a turbine that has been designed, the data shows that the largest potential hydro power is 3169 watts and potential pump power is 5003 watts. From the potential power that has been obtained it is known that the design of the pump as a turbine is feasible to use as a power plant.Keywords : Pump, Turbine, Picohydro,
Pusat Seni Karikatur Di Pekanbaru Dengan Prinsip Perancangan Frank Owen Gehry Yoshua Gilbert Winalda; Mira Dharma Susilawaty; Yohannes Firzal
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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Carricature artist in Pekanbaru is need a place for them to improve their skill of showing expression in art by their carricarture painting art. Carricature art center is the solution for carricature artist whose need a place to learn, create and to express imganination in art and could be a symbol of identity for carricarture artist. Design principle of Frank Owen Gehry architect will aply to carricature art center design to rise up the symbol and a movement of art to be a big idea and transform it to be a iconic building. A big concept of designing carricature art center is “The Peoples Againts The Mighty Goverment”. The concept strategy is to representatate an expression of carricature artist whose create a critical communication by painting art. Same with gehry architect the strategy of designing Carricature art center begin from tranformation of abstractionthe symbol of “The peoples Againts The Mighty Goverment”to be a form of building. Finally, based on Frank Owen Gehry principle design strategy and the concept the final results of carricature art center design are abstract form of building,flexible and non-geomtry building form, and contrass material and color building.Key words: Carricature Art Center, Expression, Principle, Frank Owen Gehry
Kultivasi Mikroalga Menggunakan Media Af6 Pada Berbagai PH Jelizanur Jelizanur; Padil Padil; Sri Rezeki Muria
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2019
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Microalgae cultivation is one technique to grow microalgae in a controlled environment. Cultivation aims to provide a single species in microalgae mass culture for harvesting. This research used AF6 media with a volume of 90 ml and 10 ml of microalgae. The purpose of this research was to cultivate microalgae using AF6 media with variations in pH 4, 6, 8 and types of microalgae namely Chlamydomonnas sp (chl), Chlamydomonnas sp (019), Chlamydomonnas sp (4), Chlamydomonnas sp (5), Chlorella sp (6 ). The results showed that pH had a significant effect on microalgae cultivation. Microalgae Chlorella sp (6) with a combination of treatment pH 8 and observation time of the 10th day was the best treatment of all types of microalgae cultivated that is equal to 0.1255.Keywords: microalgae, AF6 media, pH
Analisis Sistem Pentanahan Transformator Distribusi Di Fakultas Teknik Universitas Riau Fitriyanto, Aidil; Firdaus, Firdaus
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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Abstract

Today the need for electrical energy increases in term of supporting people’s lives, the needs for electrical of household, colleges, and industries. To distribution the electricity from producers to consumers there is often blackout due to grounding is not achieved the standard, so when a fault occurs fault current cannot be through to ground well. This research proposes to analyze the Distribution Transformer Grounding System at Engineering Faculty of Riau University. To find out whether resistance grounding of the transformer achieved the standard, to protect people who where passing or touching equipment around the transformer from the danger of shock electricity when a fault occurs. Method of this research is collecting parameter ρ, ρs, RN by measurement, calculating using the formula of grounding resistance, touch voltage, step voltage, and power losses. Then, the analysis was carried out and compared IEEE Std 80 : 2000. The results of measurement, got the highest resistance is 5 Ω did not achieved the standar and got the lowest resistance is 1 Ω this achieved the standard of ≤ 1 Ω. The touch voltage with the highest resistance 5 Ω in fault current 10,311 A is 51,555 V, this value did not achieved the standard touch voltage ± 70 Kg is 998.29 V and touch voltage ± 50 Kg is 737.59 V. The step voltage with the highest resistance 5 Ω in fault current 10,311 A is 51,555 V, this value did not achieved the standard step voltage ± 70 Kg is 3,327.05 V and step voltage ± 50 Kg is 2,458.2 V. Power losses in the neutral conductor of Transformer I is 42.8 watt and Transformer II is 32 watt, the standard of below 500 watt. The data obtained, grounding resistance of the distribution transformer at Engineering Faculty of Riau University not according to IEEE Std 80 : 2000.Keywords : Grounding, touch voltage, step voltage, power losses.
Penerapan Anfis Untuk Menentukan Zona Gangguan Pada Saluran Tansmisi Tenaga Listrik Budiman, Dzaki; Zakri, Azriyenni Azhari
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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This research proposes one method in determining distance relay fault zones in power transmission systems. This research uses software simulated using Matlab / Simulink R2016a for asymmetric short circuit fault that produces voltage and current for each phase. The result of that fault will uses intelligent technique as input determining the location of the fault zone. The intelligent technique used is a combination between Fuzzy Logic (FL) and Neural Network (NN) which called Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). Training and testing data have been carried out by running a short circuit fault simulation with distance variations in the of fault location . The training process in ANFIS is carried out with many iterations. The ANFIS output shows the accuracy target of location fault, the small and good error value. Performs the ANFIS validation process in the form of RMSE and MAE values based on the type of asymmetric 4 power transmission line. The ANFIS validation result in the values of RMSE and MAE for one phase to ground short circuit that is 0,006472 and 0,005453. The result of ANFIS validation in the two phase short circuit between RMSE and MAE values that is 0,005046 and 0,004201. In the for two phase to ground short circuit of RMSE and MAE values from the ANFIS validation result that is 0,007294 and 0,006535. The comparison of the calculation results of this validation values between RMSE and MAE show that the results of ANFIS network testing. Smaller result of error value RMSE or MAE so the ANFIS network gets better, and vice versa. The comparison result shows that, using MAE methode can determine the location of the fault zone nearer than RMSE methode.Keywords : ANFIS, error, fault asymmetric, fault zone, transmission system