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INDONESIA
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Core Subject : Engineering,
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Articles 3,145 Documents
 168   169   170   171   172 
Sintesa Surfaktan Ramah Lingkungan Metil Ester Sulfonat Dari Palm Oil Methyl Ester Dengan Variasi Kecepatan Pengadukan Dan Suhu Reaksi Rahmad Agung Yanuardhi; Nirwana Nirwana; Irdoni HS
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Waste generated from surfactant LABS (Linear Alkylbenzene sulphonate) can be toxic to aquatic organisms, causing damage to ecosystems and groundwater that may havean impact on human life. Surfactants are surface active agent, which works to lower the surface tension of a liquid, active nature is derived from the dual nature of the molecule. Surfactants are molecules that have polar groups that like water(hydrophilic) and non-polar groups are like oil (lipophilic). Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) is one type of anionic surfactant which has advantages in terms of detergency, resistant to hardness, are renewable and environmentally friendly. Methyl EsterSulfonate produced by the process of sulfonation between Palm Oil Methyl Ester (POME) and sulfonating agent Sodium metabisulphite (Na2S2O5) with a catalyst of aluminum oxide (Al2O3). This research aims to create a methyl ester sulfonate withstirring speed variation and reaction temperature. Sulfonation process using Palm Oil Methyl Ester mole ratio of 1: 1.5 and sulfonating compounds with sodium metabisulfite variation stirring speed of 400, 450, 500 rpm and temperature variations of 80, 100,120 0C, with a reaction time of 4.5 hours. The results were obtained product category decrease in surface tension of water is a stirring speed of 400 rpm and a temperature of80 0C, with a decrease of 21 dyne / cm. for category decrease interfacial tension obtained the best product on the stirring speed of 450 rpm and a temperature of 100 0C, with a decrease of 5.80 dyne / cmKeyword : Anionic Surfactants, Methyl Ester, Methyl Ester Sulfonate, Sulfonation, Surfactant.
Analisis Indeks Kekeringan Meteorologis Lahan Gambut Di Pulau Tebing Tinggi Provinsi Riau Menggunakan Data Satelit Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Syuhaya Wanisakdiah; Sigit Sutikno; Yohanna Lilis Handayani
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2017
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Drought is one of the phenomena that often happen every year in some regions of Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to do drought index analysis to know the level of drought so that it can be used for early against peat fire disaster. Analyzing level of drought in peat land in this research used SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index) method based on GIS (Geographic Information System). The data used were monthly rainfall data taken from TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) satellite in the area of Tebing Tinggi Island from 2009 -2016. The calculation of SPI index was conducted on monthly and half monthly period in each designed grid. The results show that in monthly period, the severe drought index values occurred on grid 21, February of 2014 at -4.007 (Very Dry), whereas the period of half monthly values of severe drought index occurred on grid 4, the month of February 2 of 2014 was -4.896 ( Very Dry). The results indicated that the calculation of the half monthly period is better than the monthly period, because the result of the half monthly period is more detailed. Keywords: Drought Index, Standardized Precipitation Index, TRMM, Drought Distribution Mapping.
Sintesis Biodiesel Dari Minyak Nyamplung Menggunakan Katalis Geopolimer: Pengaruh Suhu Reaksi Transesterifikasi Dan Rasio Mol Minyak Terhadap Metanol Abdullah Syafi’i; Edy Saputra; Zuchra Helwani
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Wisuda April Tahun 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Petroleum reserves in Indonesia are increasingly depleted, requiring the use of alternative energy that is environmentally friendly and renewable like biodiesel. Biodiesel can be made by transesterification process of vegetable oils. Process of making biodiesel commonly use homogeneous catalyst which has the disadvantage the formation of by products such as complexity of the separation of catalyst. Therefore, in this study biodiesel was synthesized from calophyllum inophyllum oil by using geopolymer catalyst. Geopolymer catalyst is first synthesized by reacting sodium silicate, metakaolin, NaOH, and water. Several variations of the process variables were done to assess its influence on yield of biodiesel. The variables were used consist of a dependent variables and independent variables. The dependent variables were calophyllum inophyllum oil weight of 50 grams, 3%-wt of catalyst concentration, reaction time of 120 minutes, and stirring speed of 400 rpm, while the independent variables which variation molar ratio of oil:methanol 1:6 and 1:9 and variations of temperature 55 and 65 oC. Physical characterization were done including density 871 kg/m3, kinematic viscosity 4.38 mm2/s, acid number 0.41 mg-KOH/g biodiesel and flash point 140°C respectively accordance with the standards of Indonesian biodiesel (SNI 7182:2015).Keywords: biodiesel, catalyst, calophyllum inophyllum oil, geopolymer, yield
Perancangan Antena Dengan 2 Slot C Patch Lingkaran Planar Array 8 Elemen Dengan Defected Ground Structure Untuk Jaringan Komunikasi LTE 1800 MHZ Jherino Permana Putra; Yusnita Rahayu
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

In this paper, a microstrip antenna with eight-elements planar array by using Defected Ground Structure technique is designed for LTE application. The proposed antenna operates at 1800 MHz. The substrate FR-4 with dielectric constant of 4,3 and thickness of 1,6 mm is chosen. The antenna is simulated in CST microwave studio. From the simulation results, the return loss of -32,628 dB at 1800 MHz is obtained with 400 MHz of bandwidth. The VSWR ≤ 1,0479 and gain of 13,8 dBi are also presented.Keywords: DGS, Return loss, Bandwidth, VSWR, Gain
Analisis Daya Dukung Pondasi Tiang Bersirip Pada Tanah Lunak Dengan Variasi Jarak Dan Panjang Sirip Julperizal Julperizal; Ferry Fatnanta; Soewignjo Agus Nugroho
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Soft soil is a soil that has low shear strength. A construction which is built on soft soil usually faces some problems such as low bearing capacity and settlement. Pile foundation is used when a supported soil is located quite far from the surface so that the bearing capacity which can sustain the building has to rely on the skin friction. To obtain the higher pile bearing capacity, several modifications are made including the addition of fins on the pile. This research studies the behavior of finned piles, particulary the relationship between bearing capacity and settlement. Piles were modelled with one and two pair of fins with variations of fin's lengths of 0.50D, 0.75D, 1.0D, and 1.25D. Those piles using the Constant Rate of Penetration (CRP) method. The distances between fins also varies from 3D, 5D, to 7D. The interpretation of loading test data using the Terzaghi and Peck method then it was compared with empirical calculations using the Individual Bearing and Square Shear method.The loading test results show that the length and number of fins affect to bearing capacity of the pile. Piles with 1 (one) and 2 (two) fins are able to bearing greater loads than piles without fin. The largest pile bearing capacity occurs in pile models with fin length's of 1.25D and distance of 5D. The calculation which used the Individual Bearing method produces the value of bearing capacity which is relatively same to the Square Share method. The piles bearing capacity of the model test result is significantly different from the second calculation of the empirical method. The addition of the fins length is more dominant and it improves the piles bearing capacity if it is compared to the change of the distance between the fins.Keywords : Individual Bearing, length of fin pile, Spacing of Fin pile, Square shear
Karakteristik Nilai Kuat Tekan Bebas Stabilisasi Semen Tanah CL-ML Terhadap Siklus Pembahasan Pengeringan Dodi Pratama; Ferry Fatnanta; Muhardi Muhardi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Wisuda April Tahun 2018
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The soil that classified as CL-ML soil have range of plasticity index around 4% s/d 7%, and liquid limit with range 12% s/d 30% according to the Casagrande Plasticity graph, this soil condition is very susceptible to the addition of water content so that cause soil at winter season being easily melted as a porridge and cracked as of existed at retrieval specimen location at dry season. This retrieval specimen location located at Government Office of Pekanbaru Area, Indonesia. This situation being problem if there is construction work above it such as road construction. Soil restoration is necessary for stabilizing soil. In this case used stabilizing soil chemically. Ihis research focuses to cycle process of wet-dry toward soil mechanical characterize effect that stabilized by cement. This research result showed that value of unconfined compressive strength toward wet-dry cycle have different values. Cement addition to CL-ML soil get very significant increasing of unconfined compressive strength. Highest increasing unconfined compressive strength is on 7 days curing, 3x 24 hours, drying second cycle about 1.636,51 kPa, this thing caused by cement that contained in 7 days cured soil reacted and turned into paste dan eventually cement that contained in soil start hardened, so that is able to increasing unconfined compressive strength value high enough.Keywords: Wet-dry cycle, UCS, CL-ML, cement stabilization.
Analisis Perbandingan Metode Analytic Hierarchy Processs (AHP) Dan Fuzzy AHP Untuk Evaluasi Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) Mesin Screw Press Di PTPN V Sei Pagar Riyandi Al Isral.Z; Anita Susilawati
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2018
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Abstract

This paper aims to compare between method of AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) and fuzzy AHP to evaluate the OEE values on screw press machine in PTPN V Sei. Pagar. The analyzing of criteria and sub-criteria in the hierarchy model to rank alternative selection actions to minimize the screw press machines losses was done in this paper. Two critical losses occurring in the screw press machine were setup and adjustment losses, and equipment failure losses. The result showed for the AHP method, the most influential criteria for setup and adjustment losses were workers with a value of 0.567 and the highest alternative value of action for periodic checking. The equipment failure losses were obtained the most influential criteria of the machine with a value of 0.444 and the best alternative selection action that was the human resources development. For Fuzzy AHP method of setup and adjustment loss, the most influential criteria was workers with value of 0.555, and best alternative action was periodic checking. Equipment failure loss was obtained the most influential criteria for machines with a value of 0.444 and the best alternative selection action was the human resource development. From the comparison of both methods, it can be concluded that the AHP method was more simple in terms of data processing. However, the fuzzy AHP method was revealed more accurate values due to not containing subjective judgment in terms of selection action to improve the effectiveness of the screw press machine.Keywords :OEE, AHP, Fuzzy AHP, Screw Press
Biokonversi Serat Buah Sawit Menjadi Bioetanol Dengan Variabel Konsentrasi Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Masroah Tuljannah; Adrianto Ahmad; Sri Rezeki Muria
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Indonesia was the largest producer and exporter of palm oil in the world. As the plantation area expands, the increasing number of palm oil process industries results in large amounts of waste product. The biggest waste was of palm fruit fiber (fiber cake). It was known that 1 ton of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of palm oil will produced 13% or 130 kg of fiber cake. By look at the potential that can be generated from the fruit fiber of palm oil (fiber cake) coming from the CPO process industry has a value that to use as the main ingredients in the making of alternative bioethanol fuel. The purposes of this study were to synthesize bioethanol from the raw material of palm fruit fibers, to determine the influence of the amount of Saccharomyces cerevisiae weight on bioethanol, and to determine the optimum time of bioethanol production from the raw material of palm fruit fibers by separation hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) method. The stages of this study were delignification used KOH solution obtained from the extract of Palm Empty Cluster Ash, then the purification process using 3% H2O2 solution. Then the hydrolysis process using 2 M H2SO4 for 3 hours at 100°C. The last process was fermentation. In the fermentation process, variations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae concentration were 4, 6, 8 and 10 gr/L and fermentation time were 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours. In acid hydrolysis, a maximum sugar concentration of 131 gr/L was produced. The research results show that the best Saccharomyces cerevisiae concentration was 4 gr/L at the best fermentation time of 96 hours with the obtained bioethanol content of 7% or 55.25 g/L.Keywords: bioethanol, fermentation, hydrolysis, palm fruit fiber, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Analisis Jaringan Pipa Distribusi Air Minum Di Kabupaten Rokan Hilir Menggunakan Software EPANET 2.0 Muhamad Gifari; Jecky Asmura; David Andrio
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2019
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Abstract

Bangko Pusako, Rimba Melintang, and Tanah Putih Tanjung Melawan district in Rokan Hilir regency rely on water sources that are not guaranteed in quality such as borehole water, as well as rainwater, bottled water, and jerry cans which are not guaranteed in quantity. Community water needs reach 312.5 L/s for the next 20 years (2036), so it is necessary to analyze water supply network using EPANET 2.0 software. The simulation results show that the hydraulic conditions of the piping for the entire planning area at peak hours have a velocity of 0.02-1.85 m/s, a pressure of 8.99-66.20 m, and the highest unit headloss is 8.46 m/km.Keywords: EPANET 2.0, piping, simulation
Degradasi Zat Warna Artifisial Limbah Tekstil Dengan Advanced Oxidation Processes Menggunakan Katalis Nanopartikel Ce/Karbon Farhiz Lagan; Edy Saputra; Chairul Chairul
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 1 (2017): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2017
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One of the innovation textile waste processing is advance oxidation processes using peroxymonosulfate and catalyst nanoparticle Ce/carbon. This study was aimed to decrease content of artificial dye waste and determined the optimum conditions by using catalyst nanoparticle Ce/carbon. Catalyst synthesis was processed in hydrothermal autoclave at temperature 1800C for 18 hours, it convert D-glucose into black carbon, then impregnated with catalyst metal Ce by 3% and 5% by weight, after that catalyst calcined by N2 at temperature 5000C for 4 hours. Adsorption of artificial dye textile waste was held 25 ppm for 2 hours with concentration of catalyst 0,4 gr/L. The optimum adsorption of artificial dye textile waste with catalyst concentration 0,4 gr/L was is 12,921 with adsorption percentage reached 48,32%.Keyword: advanced oxidation processes, nanopartikel Ce/carbon, dye

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