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INDONESIA
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Core Subject : Engineering,
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Pengaruh Massa Dan Ukuran Partikel Adsorben Kulit Singkong Terhadap Penyisihan Kadar COD Dan BOD Pada Pengolahan Limbah Cair Tahu Ade Rani Putri; Syarfi Daud; Shinta Elystia
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

One of the treatments of reducing the pollutant level in tofu liquid waste is adsorption with cassava skin adsorbent. The objective of the study was to calculate the efficiency of minimizing of COD and BOD levels on the effluent treatment of tofu waste and to determine the appropriate adsorption isotherm. The fixed variable used in this study was stirring speed of 100 rpm and contact time 60 minutes. The main variable used consisted of a mass of adsorbent 1.5; 2 and 2.5 g and a particle measurement variation of -50+100; -100+170 and -170 mesh The highest removal efficiency of COD and BOD was 74.74% and 71.48% at 2.5 g mass with 170 mesh particle size. The type of isotherm that is suitable with the adsorption of COD and BOD content by cassava skin adsorbent is Freundlich isotherm with R2 value of 0.9875 for COD and 0.9971 for BOD. The highest metal removal efficiency of COD and BOD was 74.74% and 71.48% at 2.5 g mass with -170 mesh particle measurement. The type of isotherm that is suitable the adsorption of COD and BOD content by cassava skin adsorbent is Freundlich isotherm with R2 value of 0.9875 of COD and 0.9971 for BOD.Keywords: Adsorbent, Adsorption, BOD, COD, Cassava Skin, Tofu Liquid Waste
Penyisihan Konsentrasi Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Pada Buangan Akhir Pengolahan POME Ikhwanul Ikhsan; David Andrio; Jecky Asmura
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Problem of Palm Oil Mill Industry is concentration of chemical oxygen demand POME final discharge failed to comply discharge standard. In this research, we propose a treatment for POME final discharge using adsorption and coagulation to reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD). Our result showed based on adsorption process with a ratio of 10 g/l powdered activated carbon reduce 88% COD and coagulation using poly aluminium chloride (PAC) reduce 88% COD.Keywords: POME final discharge, powdered activated carbon, poly aluminium chloride
Perbaikan Tanah Gambut Dengan Metoda Kolom Konfigurasi Segitiga Dari Campuran Fly Ash Dan Bottom Ash Imam Hanafi; Muhardi Muhardi; Ferry Fatnanta
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2017
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Stone column is a digging and replacement effort undertaken to replace soils to be used as base of construction with compacted vertical columns. In this research, column with fly ash and bottom ash mixtures with 40% fly ash and 60% bottom ash is used.The columns are used as reinforcement of peat soil with triangular pattern. Variations used are 3 cm, 4 cm, and 5,5 cm in diameter (D) with spaces 1,25D, 1,5D, and 1,75D. Loading test was performed to the stabilized peat soil and bearing capacity of the soil was analyzed by 20 mm settlement method and theoretical analysis suggested by Barksdale and Bachus (1983).Results of the 20 mm settlement method obtained maximum bearing capacity is given by 5,5 cm diameter and 1,25 D space variation. The maximum bearing capacity is 9,20 kg/cm2 with an increase of 51,07%. For theoretical analysis of single column, maximum bearing capacity is given by 3 cm diameter and for theoretical analysis of group columns, maximum bearing capacity is given by 5,5 cm diameter and 1,75 D space variation.Keywords : stone column, diameter, space, bearing capacity
Pemanfaatan Mikroalga Dari Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit Menjadi Bioetanol Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Asam Sulfat Diana Aprila; Shinta Elystia; Sri Rezeki Muria
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Combustion of fossil fuels is the main cause of global warming. The high dependence of fuel resource will influence the depletion of fossil resource (oil, natural gas, and coal). Therefore, it is important to develop alternative energy source continuously and environmentally friendly such as bioethanol. Green microalgae like Chlorella purenoidosa has a carbohydrate content in the cellulose and hemicellulose form in its cell wall which can be utilized for bioethanol production. In this research was conducted the conversion of microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa to bioethanol as renewable energy. This research aimed to study the effect of acid concentration and temperature on hydrolysis of microalgae and the effect of fermentation time to bioethanol from microalgae hydrolisate. Hydrolysis process conducted for 75 minutes with sulphuric acid concentration 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% (v/v) at 100 oC. The glucose produced was analyzed with Nelson-Somogyi method. Hydrolysis condition that produces highest glucose yield was used to make a substrate for fermentation. Fermentation process conducted for 3 days. Measurement of bioethanol concentration using refractometer. The result showed the highest glucose concentration obtained was 3.51 mg/ml and this was achieved when the hydrolysis occurred at 1% (v/v) sulphuric acid concentration. Fermentation time 3 days provide bioethanol concentration about 0,24875%.Keywords: Chlorella pyrenoidosa, hydrolysis, fermentation, bioethanol.
Design Dan Analisis Solar Battery Charger Berbasis Push-Pull Converter Hizrian Alnubli; Budhi Anto
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 1 (2017): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2017
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This research presents a design of push-pull converter used on battery charging system that is the source of her energy comes from solar pv. Solar pv was used in this research had a 150 watt maximum power with an open circuit voltage of 21.67 volts. The battery is a type of sealed lead acid (SLA) which has a capacity of 24 Ah with a nominal voltage of 12 volts. Solar pv battery fill through chargers controller is a DC-DC converter. DC-DC converter circuit type of push-pull is used to ensure the process of charging the battery so that it takes place on a secure condition even though the solar pv output voltage fluctuates with how to limit the voltage on the battery is charging of 14.1 volt. The system was designed using of Matlab-Simulink software. The results of the simulation shows the automatic setting of duty cycle which is conducted by electronic switches that triggered by the input signal as a part of PI controller. Therefore, a series of push-pull converter able to maintain the output voltage at value of 14,1 volt.Keywords : Push-Pull Converter, Sealed Lead Acid Battery, Chargers Controller, Matlab-Simulink.
Perancangan Dan Pembuatan Struktur Rangka Dinamik Sun Tracking Muhamad Rifan; Adhy Prayitno; Syafri Syafri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2017
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Riau is an area located on the equator, meaning that this region has the potential to be traversed by the sun throughout the year. This solar potential is an alternative to the use of energy derived from fossil energy. In general, solar cells are not optimal in the absorption of sunlight. Therefore, in this study designed a Sun Tracking engine that is destined for solar cell follow the movement of the sun. Stages of design consists of needs analysis, preparation of product technical specifications, designing product concepts to generate alternative product concepts which then selected the concept to be made. From the selection of concept is made the static analysis on the mechanical components of the Sun Tracking machine, which includes stress and deformation due to loading and own weight. The static analysis is done in two ways that is by manual calculation and finite element analysis using Autodesk Inventor 2012 Student Edition software. Based on the result of static analysis , revealed stress of 8.381 MPa on stem 1, 8.769 MPa on stem 2, 0.5378 MPa at stem 3 and 0.562 MPa on stem 4. Deformation happened is 0.026830 mm in stem 1 , 0.028073 mm on the stem 2, 0.0006277 mm on the trunk 3 and 0.0005041 mm on the trunk 4Keywords : Sun Tracking, Autodesk Inventor, Solar cell
Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Melalui Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Cangkang Telur Ayam Ras Dengan Metode Presipitasi Pada Variasi Konsentrasi Pelarut HNO3 Dan Rasio CA/P Qalbi, Tiffani; Azis, Yelmida; Helwani, Zuchra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2018
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Everyday, several thousand tons of eggshell are being generated as bio-waste in Indonesia. The eggshell is conteined 94% calcium carbonate (CaCO3) which can be used as raw material to synthesis hydroxyapatite (HAp). HAp is a bioactive ceramic material with high bioafinity and can be used as bone and dental implant. In this study, HAp was synthesized by precipitation method, using precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) from chicken eggshell that has 99% purity. PCC as a calcium source was reacted with diamonium hydrogen phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4) as phosphorus source under concentration of HNO3 solvent (0,3; 0,4; 0,5 M) and Ca and P ratio varied from reactant (1,57; 1,67; 1,77) . The analysis using FTIR showed that the adsorption of PO43- and OH- ion in each sample indicated that the calcium phosphate compound has been formed. The sharpest peaks obtained on sample at the concentration of 0,4 M HNO3 solvent with ratio of Ca/P 1,57; a concentration of 0,4 M HNO3 solvent with ratio of Ca/P 1,67 and a concentration of 0,5 M HNO3 solvent with ratio of Ca/P 1,77. Based on XRD analysis, the best HAp obtained in concentration of 0,5 M HNO3 solvent and ratio of Ca/P 1,77 with crystal size 40.38 nm and crystal structure was hexagonal. The analysis by SEM-EDX showed that the morphology of HAp was agglomerates with single particles tends spherical and ratio of Ca/P was 1,5. The surface area of HAp obtained from the BET analysis was 3,606 m2/g and the yield was 58,89%.Keywords : Hydroxyapatite, precipitation method, PCC chicken egg shell, ratio Ca/P
Produksi Biodiesel Dari Minyak Nyamplung (Callophyllum Inophyllum) Menggunakan Katalis Lantanum/Lempung : Studi Pemgaruh Suhu Reaksi Raja Valti Mhd Siregar; Syaiful Bahri; Khairat Khairat
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 1 (2017): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2017
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Biodiesel is an alternative energy to replace fossil fuels. It can be synthesized by transesterification process of palm oils. Commonly the process of producing biodiesel was used NaOH or KOH as homogeneous catalyst which has the disadvantage the formation of side products such as soaps and complexity of the separation of catalyst. Several research have developed that using heterogeneous catalys. Synthesis of biodiesel from callophyllum inophyllum oil using metal alloys lanthanum on clay as catalyst. This research studied the effect of temperature reaction with variations 55, 60, 65 oC to the yield of biodiesel produced, and to identifying the characteristics of biodiesel produced. This study begins activation of the catalyst in a way additions H2SO4, impregnation, calcination, oxidation and reduction. Furthermore, to remove impurities and gum contained in the oil was done the degumming process. After that, do the process of transesterification in the three neck flask reactor the mole ratio of methanol : oil 12: 1 and a reaction time 120 minutes. The result, highest biodiesel obtained amounted to 78.41% at the reaction temperature of 60 oC. Physical characterization of biodiesel were done such as density 857 kg/m3, kinematic viscosity 4.735 mm2/s, acid number 0.61 mg-KOH/g biodiesel and flash point 127.5 oC respectively which have accordance with the standards of Indonesian biodiesel (SNI 04-1782-2006).Keywords :La / clay, callophyllum inophyllum oil, degumming, transesterification, biodiesel
Studi Carbon Footprint Dari Kegiatan Industri Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Noviyani Puji; Aryo Sasmita; Ivnaini Andesgur
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 1 (2017): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2017
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Potential Indonesian palm oil showed that palm oil agribusiness role in the economy community, national and global. Environmental issues are closely linked to oil palm agribusiness one of them as a major contributor of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Riau Province is the largest palm oil producer in Indonesia, amounted to 7.3336 million tons with 146 units Palm Oil mill (POM). POM X is one which POM in the province of Riau. Total emissions resulting from palm oil mill X is 1,383,336.559 CO2 equivalent / year, with the largest emissions come from the use a boiler is 79%. Then followed with from diesel use is 18% and wastewater treatment is 3%. Mitigation measures to reduce GHG emissions in the POM X by capture methane gas into biogas. This method can reduce GHG emissions from the treatment of wastewater in the POM X is 89.261%. Keywords: Palm oil mill (POM), greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
Pembuatan Coating Copper-Cobalt Oksida Melalui Proses Sol Gel Dan Dideposisikan Secara Spray Coating Pada Substrat Alumunium Ramadhan Ramadhan; Amun Amri; Yelmida Yelmida
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
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The research aims to synthesis the mixed copper and cobalt oxides coating in alumunium substrate for solar selective absorber (SSA) using sol-gel spray coating method. The coating were characterized using UV-Vis-NIR, X-Ray diffraction, Scan Electron Microscope (SEM) and adhesion test. The sol precursor were copper nitrate and cobalt nitrate. The sol precursor are made by dissolve the granules Cu(NO3)2.3H2O and Co(NO3)2.3H2O into the etanol solvent and added propionate acid. Mix the two solution and then stirred at room temperature for two hours in a closed state. The coating process was done by using a spray gun which is connected by using a compressor. The result of researching showed that sample with precursor concentration 0.25 M and 30 x spraying and drying cycle with (α) = 86.8%. further characteristic was obtained the value of emittance (ε) = 6.64%. The crystal structure of CuCo2O4, CuO and CoCo2O4 were found in XRD result analyst. The result testing of SEM showed that surface coating film relative homogen and the result testing of adhesion showed bond layer of coating categorized as 4B according to the standards ASTM D 3359.Keyword : coating, precursor, sol, solar selective absorber, spray coating

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