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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Core Subject : Engineering,
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Konversi Limbah Padat Sagu Menjadi Bioetanol Dengan Proses Hydrolysis Dan Fermentasi Menggunakan Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Adriani Lestari; Chairul Chairul; Sunarno Sunarno
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The high reliance on fossil fuels such as crude oil, coal, and gas - causes exhaution on fossil resources ( crude oil, natural gas, and coal). Therefore, to resolve the fossil-fuel dependency, sago solid waste is converted into bioethanol as the renewable energy. On this research, the process of sago pulp fermentation is done by hydrolysis process and fermentation with the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the yeast. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of temperature and time on the hydrolysis process producing glucose and to study the glucose fermentation from hydrolysis into bioethanol from Saccharomyces cerevisae. The hydrolysis process produced glucose with of time of 60 minutes and temperature of 125oC, 135oC and 1450C. Fermentation was done in 2L fermentors for 5 days. The sulfuric acid hydrolysis increases bioethanol levels from sago pulp. The higher the temperature with the increasing time of the process, the higher the glucose concentration will be resulted. The highest glucose was obtained at a temperature of 145 with 60 minutes time which is 24.20 g / L. Sago pulp fermentation process produced a maximum condition at 96-hour fermentation with bioethanol levels of 13%. Keywords: bioethanol, hydrolysis, sago, saccharomyces cerevisiae, fermentation
Modifikasi Perahu Jalur Menjadi Sarana Transportasi Pengangkut Barang Zikri Zikri; Asral Asral
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Transportation is needed by the people around the Riau inland rivers to bring agricultural and natural products to the market or to other places. The transportation needed by the community is a boat or boat capable of carrying goods in Riau's inland rivers which are relatively narrow, shallow and muddy. One of the river transportation used by the people of Riau is the lane boat, where this boat has proven reliable and resilient when operating in rivers that are narrow and muddy, but it needs modification and better design in order to be able to carry goods safely and optimally. The design begins by taking measurements directly to the lane boat and then using the comparison method the total length is 200 cm, width 50 cm and height 20 cm. The planned ship prototype has a reasonable shape and size and does not deviate from the provisions based on the calculation of the main size ratio of the ship. The ship design was made with the help of maxsurf software and obtained data in the form of hydrostatic parameters, resistance, stability and effective power. The prototype of this ship is operated by a remote control system and uses a 0.81 kw lawn mower engine. The test results show that the ship prototype has a good balance and complies with the criteria and requirements of the IMO (International Maritime Organization).The maximum carrying capacity of the ship is 16 kg with a speed of 1.46 m / s or 2.84 knots. From the test, the fuel consumption of the ship's engine shows the results are 0.21 mL / s when no load and when given a maximum load of 16 kg is 0.3 mL / s.Keywords: Line boat, ship prototype, ship power, ship speed.
Modifikasi Bioplastik Berbasis Pati-Polivinil Alkohol (PVA) Dengan Cross-Linking Agent Asam Sitrat Dan Pemplastis Gliserol Herlili Peronika; Bahruddin Bahruddin; Irdoni Irdoni
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Bioplastic characteristics are influenced by various parameters, including levels of cross linking agents (such as citric acid) and plasticizers (such as glycerol). The research was to study the effect of citric acid and glycerol levels on mechanical properties, cross linking (characterized by ester groups), and biodegradation of bioplastics based starch-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Bioplastic manufacturing is done by mixing sago starch -PVA (1: 3), glycerol (10, 15, 20% w/w) and citric acid (2.5; 5; 7.5% w/w) at 90ºC for 45°C minutes, optimization of process conditions is determined by response surface methodology (RSM). The parameters tested include tensile strength test, elongation, and biodegradation. The most significant factor affecting all responses was the level of citric acid and glycerol. The optimum process conditions were obtained at 7.5% w / citric acid content and glycerol 19.63% w / w with a tensile strength response of 21 MPa, elongation 566.6%, and 55.63% biodegradation. Keywords: bioplastics, citrid acid, glycerol, polyvinyl alcohol, RSM, sago starch
Analisis NAS (Network Attached Storage) Berbasis Cloud Sebagai Layanan Infrasturcture As A Service (IAAS) Menggunakan Open Source Nas4free Dan Owncloud Sasongko, Hariyo; Hadiwandra, T. Yudi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Today, computer systems and networks are an important part of human life. This can be seen with the large number of computer users, such as in offices, companies, factories, or even on campus andin schools. This need has reached a considerable amount. For now, the storage media that we often used to store data is uses physical media such as hard disks and flash disks. NAS (Network AttachedStorage) is one of the solutions to the problem of expensive storage media, because inside the NAS does not require high hardware resources to share files. NAS4FREE is chosen as the operatingsystem of the NAS server, because NAS4FREE is an open source base operating system and NAS4FREE can also be used on various OS platforms, such as Windows, Apple and UNIX. Testingis launched using several parameters, namely access test through smartphone and desktop devices. Then testing NAS4FREE classification files with a file size of 107.80 MB and a total of 9959 filestakes about 9.16 second with a speed of 1088 files/second and the CPU on NAS4FREE servers is 33.33% with an average usage of 13.21%. Furthermore, Memory testing on NAS4FREE servers was945.96 MB from a memory size of 1.03 GB. For the average delay using a formula, a delay of 126.46 ms was obtained, user management testing and file management were also tested in this study.Keywords: NAS4FREE, Storage, NAS, Operating System
Sifat Fisik Dan Mekanik Mortar Dengan Penambahan Bakteri Baccilus Subtilis Pada Lingkungan Sulfat Ilham, Muhammad; Djauhari, Zulfikar; Sitompul, Iskandar Romey
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

An aggressive environment can have an adverse impact on mortar, because there are reactive chemicals in that environtment. One of the chemicals that no need harmful to mortar is magnesium sulfate. This study used Bacillus Subtilis bacteria as an additive by studying physical and mechanical properties, as well as an innovation to restore mortar using bacteria called Self Healing mortar. In this study there were test objects in the form of a cube measuring 5 x 5 cm with a total of 84 samples. Physical and mechanical properties tests on normal water-immersed normal mortar, normal water-immersed bacterial mortar, and sulfate-water-immersed bacterial mortar were carried out at the age of 28 days and 56 days. The physical properties of the mortar test were sorptivity, unit weight and porosity, while the mechanical properties test testedwere compressive strength. The test results showed that the sorptivity value of the sulfate-soaked bacterial mortar was higher than the normal-water-soaked normal mortar and the normal-water-immersed bacterial mortar at the age of 28 days and 56 days, namely 0.1606 mm / min0.5 and 0.221 mm / min0.5. The results of the weight test showed that the sulfate water-immersed bacterial mortar was lower than the normal water-immersed normal mortar and the normal water-immersed bacterial mortar at the age of 28 days and 56 days, namely 2.002 gr / cm3 and 2.077 gr / cm3. The results of the porosity test showed that the value of the sulfate-immersed bacterial mortar was higher than that of the normal-water-soaked normal mortar and the sulfate-water-immersed bacterial mortar at the age of 28 days and 56 days, namely 14.96 % and 15.22 %, respectively. Meanwhile, in the compressive strength test, the value of the sulfate-immersed bacterial mortar was lower than that of the normal-water-immersed mortar and the normal-water-immersed bacterial mortar at the age of 28 days and 56 days, namely 17.13 MPa and 16.98 MPa, respectively. Based on the data obtained, it could be concludedsaid that bacillus subtillis bacteria couldn’t work well in a sulfate environment.Keywords: Mortar, Bacillus Subtilis, Sulfate Environment, Physical Properties, Mechanical Properties, Self Healing
Pengurangan Nilai Emisi Co2eq Saat Pandemi Dari Aktivitas Kendaraan Di Fakultas Teknik Universitas Riau Miftahul Ulum Mareta; Aryo Sasmita; Elvi Yenie
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

One of the activities that produce CO2eq emissions in campus activities is transportation activities by lecturers, staff, and students. The purpose of this study is to calculate the value of CO2eq emissions resulting from activities at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Riau during the pandemic and during normal conditions, analyze the value of CO2eq emissions resulting from the activities of the Faculty of Engineering, University of Riau during the pandemic and during normal conditions, and provide alternatives to minimize CO2eq emissions resulting from activities at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Riau during normal conditions. Results Total CO2eq emissions from the use of operational vehicle fuel by lecturers, staff, and students during the pandemic were 168,248.58 kgCO2eq/year and under normal conditions 253,135.28 kgCO2eq/year. The chosen alternative to reduce CO2eq emissions is to implement a car free day system once a week in the campus area for students who live 2 km walk to campus supported by shuttle buses and communal parking in front of the campus and propose to students to replace the use of motorized vehicles (cars and motorbikes) by bicycle to campus with a distance of 3 km from their residence. Keywords: CO2eq Emission, FT-UNRI, Pandemic, Subtraction alternative
Rancang Bangun Pembangkit Listrik Photovoltaic 8x10 Wp Menggunakan Buck Converter Berbasis Arduino Sebagai Penggerak Motor Pompa Simarmata, Arjuna; Rajagukguk, Antonius
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

A photovoltaic (PV) system cannot generate maximum power automatically. The most important problems in solar technology are low conversion efficiency and the presence of I-V characteristics that are highly non-linear depending on solar radiation. To extract the maximum power, the PV array must be able to track changing maximum power points. Therefore, we need a method in order to obtain the maximum power generated by PV. In this study the author discusses the method of optimizing PV power using Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) with the Perturbation & Observation (P&O) algorithm and Buck converter. The P&O algorithm is a method for tracking the highest power point generated by PV. The design was tested into four case, namely case, with no solar radiation, cloudy case, bright case, and very bright case. The design of the PV generator is used to charge 12 volt DC batteries and serve the 12 volt water pump motor. The battery charging process lasts for 4 hours. Building design test with pump motor load is carried out for 4 hours. The power consumed by the pump motor is 10 watts to 14 watts and the total water transferred by the water pump motor is 3188 liters. Keywords : Solar Cell, Buck converter, MPPT, Arduino
Rancang Bangun Generator Ozon Koaksial Sulistianto, Agus Ernawan; Murdiya, Fri; Hamdani, Eddy
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The developmentof science and technology, especially in industry, can have both positive` and negative effects.`One of the negative `effects is the higher pollution in soil, water and air. The use of ozone has now been widely applied in various fields, for example as a disinfectant for drinking water treatment, disinfecting germs, sterilizing medical devices and preserving food ingredients. Ozone can be generated by the dielectric barrier discharge method which is generally used as a method of generating ozone supplied with high voltage or also known as high voltage plasma generators. High voltage plasma occurs in the dielectric barrier discharge air gap due to the failure of air to maintain its insulating properties. The type of electrode used and the gap distance in the dielectric barrier dischrage test can affect the amount of plasma produced, and plasma also affects the yield of ozone concentration. In this research, a coaxial ozone generator will be designed with a variation of 3 inner electrodes, variations in the flow rate of oxygen input and the presence `or absence of the `influence of the magnetic field on` the ozone produced.    Keywords: Science, Ozone, Dielectric Barrier Discharges, Electrodes, Plasma, Magnetic Field.
Pengaruh Rasio Perbandingan Pome Dan Suspensi Mikroalga Pada Sistem Semikontinu Terhadap Laju Pertumbuhan Konsorsium Mikroalga Wenny Andini; Shinta Elystia; Sri Rezeki Muria
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) contains organic matter content and high pollutant load that contributes to environmental pollution. The microalgae consortia is able to utilize organic material as a source of nutrition for its growth, therefore may reduce pollutant. The aim of this research to determine effect rasio POME and microalgae consortia to growth rate microalgae. POME treatment using flat-photobioreactor with semicontinuous systems at variations POME : microalgae consortia 100:0; 80:20; 75:25; 70:30 (%, v/v). The results showed the best variation it POME : microalgae consortia in 70:30 (%, v/v), with growth rate 0,181/day, and TSS 38.000 mg/l. Keywords: Growth Rate, Microalgae Consortia, Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME), Semicontinuous
Aplikasi Katalis Homogen Pada Sintesis Emulsifier Rizki Agustina; Ida Zahrina; Sunarno Sunarno
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Monoglycerides and diglycerides are a form of emulsifier. Mono- and di-glycerides can be synthesized in various ways, one of which is esterification. In the esterification process, the use of a catalyst is very important in advance of the fatty acid conversion results. Homogeneous catalysts are mostly used in this process. Homogeneous catalysts are compounds that have the same phase as the reactants when a chemical reaction takes place. One of the newest forms of the catalyst with "green chemistry" status is DES (Deep Eutectic Solvents). NADES (Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents) is a DES solvent that uses abundant natural compounds and is ideal for DES because of its diversity of chemical properties, biodegradability, and non-toxicity. Keywords: Catalyst, DES, Emulsifier, NADES

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