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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Core Subject : Engineering,
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Sintesa Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Dari Cangkang Kerang Darah ( Anadara Granosa) Dengan Variasi Jenis Asam Dan Waktu Karbonasi Zikri, Ahmed; Amri, Amun; Zultiniar, Zultiniar; Yelmida, Yelmida
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) can be synthesized from blood cockle shell through three methods, namely the method of solvay, soda caustic, and carbonation. The method used in this research that was the carbonation process in the modification, the use of acid solvent during the slaking process to obtain higher yields. The purpose of this research was to synthesize precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) of blood cockle shell by varying the type of solvent and acid carbonation time. A number of blood cockle shell powder was calcined at 900oC temperature to calcium oxide (CaO) form, then CaO was dissolved into some acid solvents (HNO3, HCl, and CH3COOH). Furthermore, the carbonation process with carbonation time variation 30, 60, and 90 minutes. Based on AAS analysis CaO content in the blood cockle shells was 76.66%, which detected as aragonite crystals. The highest yield of PCC was 84.42% for 90 minute carbonation time by using of HNO3 as solvent. For the XRD patterns it recognized that PCC contained mixture vaterit and calcite crystals. It also was supported by SEM analysis.Keywords: Blood cockle shell, Carbonation, Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC), Variations acid.
Pengaruh Perbandingan Eceng Gondok Dengan Air Terhadap Penyisihan COD Dan Padatan Pada Produksi Biohidrogen Secara Fermentasi Anaerob Batch Tahap Asidogenesis Fikri, Fikri; Ahmad, Adrianto; Muria, Sri Rezeki
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

In the last few years many researchers who made the breakthrough to create new and renewable energy. Sources of raw materials are often used are from organic waste, one of which is waste water hyacinth. Water hyacinth has a hemicellulose content that has the potential to be used as feedstock for the production of biohidrogen. Biohidrogen can be generated from the metabolism of anaerobic bacteria by fermentation. The purpose of this research is to produce biohidrogen with anaerobic batch fermentation process and determine the efficiency of COD and solids content. This study uses a bioreactor with a capacity of 15 L and variations substrate ratio is 1: 2, 1: 3, 1: 4 and 1: 5 at pH 6. The process of fermentation in this study lasted for 18 days. The parameters observed during the process that the efficiency of COD and solids removal efficiency which includes TS, TSS, TVS, and VSS. Results of the study showed that most COD removal efficiency was obtained at a ratio of substrate 1: 2 ie 76.32%, while for most solids removal efficiency is the ratio of 1: 2 to the value TS of 62.10%, amounting to 76.28% TSS, TVS VSS amounted to 54.71% and amounted to 80.62%. The products produced at the largest biohidrogen 1: 2 ratio of 3108.9 ml with biohidrogen content of 3.45%.Keywords : allowance solids, anaerobic , batch , biohydrogen , COD , water hyacinth
Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Melalui Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Cangkang Kerang Darah Dengan Metode Hidrotermal Pada Variasi pH Dan Waktu Reaksi Ari Wibowo Harahap; Zuchra Helwani; Zultiniar Zultiniar; Yelmida Yelmida
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 is a calcium phosphate compound which is a bioactive ceramic material with high bioafinitas, used as bone implants, adsorbents and catalysts. Synthesis of hydroxyapatite can be made by using material which is rich of CaCO3 like PCC blood calm shell with a composition of 95.5% CaCO3. In this research, PCC blood calm shell which has calcium source was synthesized to HAp by hydrothermal process. pH of the reaction (10, 11, 12) and time reaction (22,24,26 hours) was be varied. The outcome of synthesis was characterized by using FTIR, XRD, SEM. The results of FTIR analysis, synthesis of HAp with hydrothermal method showed the formation of hydroxyapatite in the presence of peaks PO43- dan OH-. The highest peak is obtained at pH 10,11,12 at time reaction of 26 hours. XRD diffraction results in hydroxyapatite get the highest crystallinity at pH 12 at time reaction 26 hours with a hexagonal crystal structure and produce a more pure hydroxyapatite. SEM results showed morphology with clots and irregular round shape.Keywords : PCC blood calm shell, pH, time reaction, hydroxyapatite, hydrothermal method.
Pengaruh Jenis Pengaduk Dan Waktu Fermentasi Pada Pembuatan Bioetanol Dari Sari Nenas Reject Junuansyah, Muh Wawan; Chairul, Chairul; Drastinawati, Drastinawati
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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Abstract

Bioethanol is a liquid of fermentation of sugars from carbohydrate source that uses the help of microorganisms. Bioethanol is an energy source with good prospects as a substitute for liquid fuels renewable raw materials, friendly to the environment and the very favorable economic terms. One of the materials that can be used as raw material for bioethanol is pineapple. The fermentation process is influenced by several factors, among which the fermentation time and stirring in a liquid medium. Flow pattern and degree of turbulence is an important aspect which affects the quality of mixing that depends on several factors such as tank geometry, physical properties of fluids and type of impeller. Fermentation time very big influence on the activity of yeast because the longer the fermentation, the more number of increasingly active yeast or yeast to proliferate. The process of fermentation using yeast Sacharomyces cereviceae. Preparation starter made with yeast inoculum process Sacharomyces cereviceae at 10% glucose so that the yeast to multiply. Fermentation takes place in batch, variations in the type of agitator Paddle, pitched Blade Turbine, Turbine Disk and variations in the fermentation time 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours. Stirring speed of 200 rpm and the temperature of fermentation in temperature. Ethanol concentration was analyzed using Alkoholmeter. The optimum fermentation process is shown on the type of agitator pitched Turbine Blade fermentation time of 48 hours with the acquisition of bioethanol concentration of 8.5% (v / v).Keywords : Bioethanol, Reject Pineapple, Saccharomyces Cerevisie, Impeller Type, Flow Pattern
Analisa Pengaruh Suhu Pada Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) Yang Menyebabkan Korosi Internal Di Pipa Minyak Chevron Duri Satria, Hengky Darma; Akbar, Fajril; Muria, Sri Rezeki
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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Abstract

Oil pipeline in PT. Chevron Pacific Indonesia has been periodically protected with scale inhibitor injection, scale remover, coating and pigging, however it was still found internal corrosion issues that caused by SRB (Sulfate Reducing Bacteria). In effort to control growth of SRB, the research was conducted to determine the correlation between temperature of crude oil to the growth of SRB population. Variations in crude oil samples from 20 production wells, which was the actual temperature directly measured in the field, then Bart Test was conducted in laboratory to measure SRB population in every day within 8 days. The results showed that SRB population was not found for crude oil sample from production well with temperature above 150°F, while with temperature under 150°F SRB population can be found in vary population. pH range of all samples was still stay in pH range for the SRB life.Key words: Bart Test, corrosion, crude oil, pipe, production well, SRB (Sulfate Reducing Bacteria).
Pengaruh Perbandingan Eceng Gondok Dan Air Terhadap Kestabilan Sistem Pada Produksi Biogas Secara Fermentasi Anaerob Tahap Metanogenesis Resti Ossi P; Adrianto Ahmad; Sri Rezeki Muria
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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Hyacinth (Eichhorhia crassipes) is a weed on waters which is a big problem for damage the environment but it contains materials that can be fermented and produce biogas, there are hemicellulose and cellulose. This research head for produce biogas from hyacinth by anaerob fermentation process with microorganizm on batch system and determine optimum ratio of hyacinth and water along with the effect to the stability of system. There were stages on this research, including seeding, acclimatization, and anaerob batch fermentation. Seeding was doing in ten days with ratio hyacinth and water was 75%:25%, then continued to acclimatization in 48 days. The anaerob batch fermentation was doing with variation of ratio hyacinth and water 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5 in anaerob batch bioreactor during 32 days. Analysis of pH, biogas volume, volatile acid, and alkalinity was analized every two days during anaerob batch fermentation. The result of this research showed that in 48 days acclimatization process was produced biogas about 75.840 mL. In the fermentation process was resulted biogas about 23.300 mL with methane contents was 11.924,56 ppm or 1,19%; pH optimum 6,8-7,2; volatile acid concentration 145,8 mg/L; alkalinity concentration 1684,13 mg/L, and ratio of AV/alkalinity 0,087 on the rasio of hyacinth and water at 1:2. In conclusion, the stability of system will decrease along with increasing amount of water in the substrat of anaerob batch fermentation.Keywords: Anaerob Batch Fermentation, Biogas, Hyacinth, Methane
Fermentasi Nira Nipah Menjadi Bioetanol Menggunakan Teknik Immobilisasi Sel Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Ella Awaltanova; Syaiful Bahri; Chairul Chairul
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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The high dependence of fuel resource such as oil, coal, and gas will influence depletion of fossil resources (oil, natural gas, and coal). Therefore, it is important to study conversion of biomass to bioethanol as renewable energy to overcome dependence on fossil fuels. Production of bioethanol using free cell in fermentation and it several disadvantages in separation of yeast cells and biethanol concentration. This research was conducted the fermentation of nypa sap with immobilization cell, using tween 80 and ergosterol as suplement to obtain high concentration of bioethanol as well as avoid osmosis in cells . This work is aimed to study of bioethanol production from nypa sap using immobilized cells, to determine effect of cell immobilization weight and fermentation time to bioethanol, and to obtain maximum conditions on the process. Fermentation was conducted in 2L fermentor having variations of fermentation time such as 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, and 96 hours respectively and cell immobilization weight e.g. 5 %w/v, 10 %w/v, 15 %w/v, and 20 %w/v respectively, and also addition of tween 80 of 0,2% v/v and ergosterol of 0,5 g/l. The concentration of bioethanol was increased with increases of immobilized cells. Maximum conditions of bioethanol production from nypa sap using immobilized cells are shown having cell immobilization weight of 20% w/v and fermentation hours 96th about 17,574 % v/v equal with 138,708 mg/ml. Keywords : bioethanol, ergosterol, immobilized cells, nypa, sacharomyces cereviceae, tween 80
Pengaruh Perbandingan Eceng Gondok Dan Air Terhadap Penyisihan COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) Dan Padatan Pada Produksi Biogas tahap Metanogenesis Nurul Annisa; Sri Rezeki Muria; Adrianto Ahmad
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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Biomass of water hyacinth (Eicchornia crassipes) is a weed plant that is growing very fast. Components of water hyacinth has a high cellulose that potential to be used as raw material for production of biogas by anaerobic fermentation. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of substrate ratio for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal and solids removal and the maximum process conditions. This process using a 15 liters of batch bioreactor at pH 7 with variation of water hyacinth and water 1: 2, 1: 3, 1: 4 and 1: 5. Observations biogas production is done by measuring the volume of biogas produced each day, while organic matter and solids content by seeking removal efficiency of COD and solids removal. The results showed that COD removal efficiency of the largest in the ratio of 1:2 is 80,85% and the total solids removal efficiency at a ratio of 1:2 was 63.04%, 1:3 was 54.49%, 1:4 was 36.32%, and 1:5 was 31.25%. The largest biogas production substrate ratio of 1: 2 at 23,300 mL and the results of methane analysis using gas chromatography amounted to 11924.56 ppm (1,19%).Keywords: anaerobic, batch, biogas, gas chromatography, water hyacinth
Pengaruh Kecepatan Pengadukan Pada Pembuatan Bioetanol Dari Pelepah Sawit Menggunakan Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Meilano Ashari Akbar; Adrianto Ahmad; Sri Rezeki Muria
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Indonesia is one of the largest oil producer in the world. Palm frond is a type of plant lignocellulose comprising lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. Where the presence of cellulose, the palm fronds can be used as raw material in the manufacture of bioethanol by converting cellulose into glucose. Bioethanol production from palm fronds can be done through a process of fermentation. The microorganisms used in this study was Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stirring speed in the fermentation process to produce bioethanol produced to determine the best time and fermentation to ethanol conversion of palm fronds. Steps being taken in this study include delignification, purification powder palm fronds, hydrolysis and fermentation. In the fermentation process variation stirring speed of 100 rpm, 150 rpm, 200 rpm, and 250 rpm. The results showed that the hydrolysis of cellulose by acid produced initial sugar concentration to a maximum of 82,41 g/L. The best stirring speed in this research is 250 rpm and the best fermentation time is 96 hours with ethanol levels obtained at 3% or 23,67 g/L.Keywords : bioethanol, fermentation, hydrolysis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, stirring
Analisis Kestabilan Lereng Gambut Pesisir Utara Bengkalis Tabah Miftahudin; Syawal Satibi; Muhardi Muhardi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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Peat soil slope stability is influenced by soil properties, the depth of the water table and the effect of loading or surcharges. Land conversion on areas can cause changes in peatland hydrological balance that led to a decrease in ground water level and causing slope failure. This study analyzes slope stability modeling based on the limit equilibrium principle by Morgenstern-Price method. The current peat slope collapse in the Bengkalis Island North Coast continue to occur by progressive despite to the decline in groundwater levels provide increasing peat slope safety factors.Keywords: Peat slope stability, groundwater level, limit equilibrium slope analysis

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