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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Konversi Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) Menjadi Biodiesel Menggunakan Katalis Basa Heterogen Na2O/Fe3O4 Simarmata, Hery Fiza; Saputra, Edy; Irdoni, Irdoni
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Heterogeneous catalysts in transesterification has been used to biodiesel production because have many advantages. This research aims to synthesize heterogeneous base catalyst Na2O/Fe3O4 which will be used in transesterification reaction for production of biodiesel. Catalyst Na2O/Fe3O4 was synthesized from sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and iron powder using wet impregnation method. The independent variables of this research are molar ratio of WCO/methanol 1:6, 1:8, 1:10, and loading catalyst Na2O/Fe3O4 3%, 4%, 5%-w WCO. These variables are to determine the yield crude biodiesel. Reaction temperature is 60°C (±2) for 2 hours, under stirring 300 rpm. The highest yield of biodiesel is 95.45% under the transesterification methanol/WCO molar ratio 1:10, loading catalyst 3%-w.Keywords: Biodiesel, esterification, catalyst, heterogeneous, transesterification, WCO
Durabilitas Beton Bubuk Kulit Kerang Di Lingkungan Air Laut Elen Tarisa; Monita Olivia; Alfian Kamaldi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

In this study,blood clam used as cement replacement material. The specimens were cured in distilled water until 28 days. Then specimens were immersed in sodium chloride solution until 91 days. The parameters studied include compressive strength, workability, and density. These properties were compared with those of a control concrete that was made of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). The main parameter of this study was the proportion of waste blood clam (4% by cement weight).Keywords: blood clam, cement replacement, sodium chloride solution, compressive strength, workability, density
Korosi Baja Tulangan Pada Beton OPC, PCC, Dan OPC POFA Di Lingkungan Air Garam Debby Mayangsari; Monita Olivia; Zulfikar Djauhari
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
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This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on the steel reinforcement corrosion and sorptivity. Concretes having three type of cements (OPC, PCC, and a mixtured of palm oil fuel ash). The effect of using blended cements on the resistance of concrete against damage caused bycorrosion of the embedded reinforcement has been investigated using an halfcell potential (ASTM C876). PCC concrete showed high resistance against damage by corrosion of the steel reinforcement.Keywords : palm oil fuel ash (POFA), half-cell potential, sorptivity, concrete
Kinerja Struktur Gedung Beraturan Dual System (Concrete Frame - RC Wall Structures) Menggunakan Metode Direct Displacement Based Design Dan Capacity Spectrum Method Purba, Raja Parulian; Djauhari, Zulfikar; Suryanita, Reni
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
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Abstract

Earthquake resistant structural design commonly used the concept of forced-based design (FBD). The concept is only based on the analysis of elastic structures and not directly indicated the performance of the building against the effects of the occurred earthquake. So, it requires a performance evaluation by conducting analyzes to reach a state of inelastic structure called the concept of performance-based design (PBD). In this study, there are two methods of performance analysis that were based on the lateral displacement of the inelastic conditions, the methods are Direct Displacement Based Design (DDBD) and Capacity Spectrum Method (CSM). The purposes of this study are to identify and to compare between the performance parameters of the methods. The structural model is a dual system regular building which combine a frame structure and reinforced concrete wall. The seismic load design in this study based on SNI 1726-2012. The reviewed parameter values are the displacement, base shear force, effective damping, and effective vibrating times. The results of this study indicated that all the parameter values of the DDBD method analysis are larger than CSM method. DDBD method produced a target displacement 0.545 m, the base shear force 38293.25 kN, effective damping 14.01%, and the effective vibrating times 3.826 seconds. Mean while the method of CSM produced target displacement 0.175 m, the base shear force 21728.978 kN, effective damping 5.40% and the effective vibrating times of 1.314 seconds. The evaluation of the structure performances which is based on ATC-40 indicated the DDBD method was on damage control level, whereas the CSM method was on the immediate occupancy level.Keywords: Inelastic, dual system regular building structure, direct displacement based design, capacity spectrum method, structure performance.
Modifikasi Sistem Pemprosesan Data PT PLN (Persero) Gardu Induk Garuda Sakti Menggunakan Software Delphi M Aldion Rinaldi; Nurhalim Nurhalim; Firdaus Firdaus
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
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Abstract

Currently electricity data increasingly complex due to the increased use and development of electricity consumption , especially in urban areas such as PT PLN ( Persero ) substation Garuda Sakti needed a system that can accommodate the electrical data of complex practical to analyze the needs and uses Delphi software who apply the formula basic electrical measurements is expected to meet the needs of data that were previously managed in Microsoft Office Excel Software Delphi and produce new systems that are easier practical and efficient to PT PLN ( Persero ) Garuda Sakti Substation Keywords : Delphi, System, Electrical Measurement
Analisa Rekonfigurasi Pembebanan Untuk Mengurangi Rugi - Rugi Daya Pada Saluran Distribusi 20 KV S, Julen Kartoni; Ervianto, Edy
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
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In an age of modern era of electricity has become a staple of man this is related to the level of the economy and population so that distribution of electrical energy must be guaranteed in accordance with the PP No. 5 in 2006. voltage quality and effesiensi electrical energy is strongly influenced by the voltage drop and losses - losses electrical power. Reconfiguration is one solution to overcome these problems. Feeder Bangau Sakti is one of the outgoing feeders GI Garuda Sakti with extensive feeder 51.150 kms. simulations carried out with the help of ETAP softwere (Electrical Transient Analisys Program) version 12.6. The simulation results show the lowest voltage received is 17.502 kV with a voltage drop of 14.6% to a loss of power of 1,195 MW and 1,639 MVAR. Reconfiguration is done with load transfer by means of changes in status and make changes LBS LBS layout simulation results based on ETAP 12.6 on the reconfiguration of the four lowest voltage on the feeder Bangau Sakti is 18.664 kV with loss - loss of power into 0.598 MW and 0.787 MVAR Keywords: voltage drop, power loss, reconfiguration, ETAP
Analisis Ekonomi Penerapan Konservasi Energi Listrik Penerangan Jalan Umum Jalan Jendral Sudirman Kota Pekanbaru Rian Adli; Nurhalim Nurhalim
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
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One of the efforts that can be done from the depletion of the electric energy sources supply was to reduce the consumption of electric energy. It can be applied to the streetlights without reduced the use of its value. Jendral Sudirman Street Pekanbaru is one of the arterial roads that used conventional lamp SON-T 250 Watt. The existing streetlights condition at Jendral Sudirman street was not standardize at all points that have been set because of it’s not appropriate specification and placement of the pole. The streetlights conservation at Jendral Sudirman street to the 150 Watt LED energy saving lamp be required investment cost of Rp 1,289,666,668, with the electrical energy savings of 15 264 kWh per month and electrical cost savings per month up to Rp 23,265,999.36. The economic analysis which is obtained from the streetlights conservation activities at Jendral Sudirman in the form of NPV (Net Present Value) as much Rp 957,717,056.10, Gross B / C (Gross Benefit Cost Ratio) 1,742, and the payback period of benefits obtained (Payback Period) for 5.727 years.Keywords : Conservation, LED, economic analysis, NPV, Gross B / C, Payback Periode
Model Kesetimbangan Pada Adsorbsi Ion Zn2+ Menggunakan Partikel Tricalcium Phosphate Sebagai Adsorben Dovy Reyandi; Ahmad Fadli; Zultiniar Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
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Zinc metal pollution (Zn2+) can result in negative impacts on people's life. One effort to reduce the content of zinc metal that is the adsorption process. The objective of this research is to study the effect of temperature and string rate as well as determination of equilibrium model in the zinc ion adsorption using tricalcium phosphate (TCP) as the adsorbent. Zinc (Zn+2) solution with 3 mg/l was added with 1 g of TCP in a glass beaker with stirring rate of 100 rpm, 200 rpm, and 300 rpm at temperature 30°C, 40°C and 50°C. Zinc concentration in the liquid was analyzed using AAS. The adsorption temperature decreased when the adsorption capacity of TCP (Qe) increased. The calculation result of absorption capacity (Qe) at stirring rate of adsorption 100 rpm at temperature of adsorption 30°C, 40°C and 50°C were Qe 1.0133 mg/g, 0.9598 mg/g and 0.8771 mg/g respectively. The adsorption capacity (Qe) of adsorbent TCP increased as stirring rate adsorption increased. The adsorption capacity (Qe) of zinc at temperature adsorption 30°C for stirring rate of 300 rpm, 200 rpm, and 100 rpm were 1.3702 mg/g, 1.3426 mg/g, and 1.3047 mg/g respectively. Adsorption mechanism of zinc (Zn2+) with TCP is suitable with Freundlich isotherm model.Keywords: adsorption, zinc (Zn2+), equilibrium model, tricalcium phosphate
Transesterifikasi Minyak Goreng Bekas Dengan Katalis ZnO Sintesis Dari Presipitan Zinc Oksalat ; Pengaruh Variasi Rasio Mol Reaktan Dan Jumlah Katalis Deni Afrika; Yusnimar Yusnimar; Syelvia Putri Utami
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Curently various types of catalysts have been investigated for the production of biodiesel from high free fatty acid feedstock. Waste Cooking Oils with high free fatty acid (FFA) can be used as a feedstock for biodiesel production. Various types of catalysts have been investigated for the production of biodiesel from high FFA feedstock. This research aims to sinthesize ZnO catalyst from ZnC2O4 presipitation. This catalyst was used for transesterification of CPO with high FFA into biodiesel. Then, the effect of variations in mole ratio of reactants and variations in the amount of catalyst on the yield of biodiesel produced will be studied. FFA content in the waste cooking oils is 8,16%. Therefore, Biodiesel production process was carried out with a two-stage reaction that was esterification and transesterification. The esterification reaction was held time 60 minutes at temperatures 65oC with H2SO4 catalyst as much as 1% w/w of oil. The transesterification reaction was held time 120 minutes at temperatures 65oC; the mole rato of oil : methanol were 1:6, 1:12, 1:18; ZnO catalyst amount were 0,3%, 0,4% and 0,5%; . The higest yield obtained was 92,12% in process with 1:18 in oil : methanol mole ratio and 0,5% catalyst amount. The produced biodiesel has density 867,8 kg/m3, viscosity 5,25 mm2/s, flash point 175oC, acid value 0,547 mg-KOH/g-biodiesel, saponification value 40,766 mg-KOH/g-biodiesel and alkyl ester content 98,647%.Keywords: biodiesel, esterification, transesterification, waste cooking oils, ZnO
Analisis Kelayakan Panjang Dermaga Curah Cair Berdasarkan Data Kunjungan Kapal Di Pelabuhan Dumai Manik, Bramson P; Trimaijon, Trimaijon; Fatnanta, Ferry
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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The length’s advisability of the berth can be seen from the Berth Occupancy Ratio (BOR). The pour liquid berth (Berth B) in Dumai’s harbor is one of the berth which has a higher activity and the ships that come increasing everyday. The increasing ships in Berth B need a project to know the value of visiting ships and the value of BOR in short term, middle term and long term. Project is done in order Berth B can hold the ships that will tether by adding the length of berth.The value of BOR in short time projection until 2019 is 75,86 % and the number of ships are 744. To fulfill The Standard Of Managing Director Of Marine in 2011, the value of BOR was 69% therefore the berth should be lengthened about 70 meters. In 2019 the short time projection the length of Berth B becomes 870 meters.Based on project result the visiting ships are 984, the value of BOR in middle term is 87,94% in 2024. To fulfill the value of BOR which is 69%, the Berth should be lengthnened formerly 870 meters become 1100 meters.The long term projection until 2029 the value of BOR is 83,71% with the number of visiting ships 1224. To fulfill the value of BOR that is 69%, the Berth should be lengthnened around 220 meters. The length of berth totally 1320 meters which is formerly 1100 meters in 2029Keywords: harbour, berth, visiting ships, BOR, projection

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