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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Core Subject : Engineering,
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Pengaruh Konsentrasi Katalis Dan Rasio Molar Umpan Terhadap Metanol Pada Pembuatan Biodiesel Dari CPO Menggunakan Reaktor membran Leri Priadinanta; Syarfi Syarfi; Jecky Asmura
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Biodiesel is an alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from fatty material such as animal fat. A research synthesis of biodiesel from waste CPO(Crude Palm Oil) into biodiesel with a KOH catalyst. In this research review of physical properties (density, viscosity and acid number), analyzing the chemical content of biodiesel, the influence of the molar ratio of methanol to CPO(Crude Palm Oil) the percentage of conversion and optimal transesterification catalyst in the transesterification reaction in biodiesel synthesis. 300 grams of CPO(Crude Palm Oil), versus 1:14 methanol to oil molar, catalyst 1% of the weight of oil input into the biodiesel reactor and then the process of biodiesel synthesis performed on the operating conditions of 60 ° C temperature  for 150 minutes. The results showed that the optimum conversion catalyst with 1% methanol 1:14 molar ratio that is equal to 85,45%. Physical test results obtained by the density of 888 kg/m3, 5,94 cSt viscosity, acid number 0.707 mg-koh/gr sample. Results obtained have characteristics approaching the characteristics of biodiesel Indonesian National Standard (SNI). Kata kunci : CPO(Crude Palm oil), Biodiesel, transesterification, Conversion
Perengkahan Katalitik PalmFatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) Menghasilkan Biofuel Menggunakan Katalis Abu Tandan Kosong Sawit (TKS) Dengan Variasi Temperatur Dan Kecepatan Pengadukan Sri Hidayanti; Yelmida Yelmida; Zultiniar Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Ash of empty palm fruit bunches is the solid waste from process of making crude palm oil (CPO). Ash of empty palm fruit bunches have many component that make it can to be use as a catalyst. Palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) is a byproduct from process of making cooking oil. PFAD potential to converted into biofuel with catalytic cracking process.  This study aims to utilize ash of empty fruit bunches and PFAD to be raw material of making biofuel, to know component of biofuel produced. Yield maximum biofuel obtained at a temperature of 410 0 C with  stirring speed 250 rpm that is equal to 57,14%. While the largest biofuel conversion obtained at stirring speed of 300 rpm and a temperature of 4100C in the amount of 50.671%.   Cracking results analyzed by GCMS and found the biofue produced more dominant is a constituent of gasoline fuel .  Keywords: Ash of empty palm fruit bunches, Biofuel, Catalytic Cracking, PFAD
Varasi Konsentrasi Enzim Stargen TM 002 Pada Proses Sakarifikasi Dan Fermentasi Serentak Pati Sorgum Menjadi Bioetanol Dike Putra Ganda; Chairul Chairul; Hafidawati Hafidawati
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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One of the plants that can be used as raw material for making bioefuel as alternative energy is sorghum. Grain sorghum has a high starch content that can be used as a substrate for the production of bioethanol. This study aims to determine the concentration of the enzyme and the best time of  fermentation to produce bioethanol. The research method using the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with the aid of enzymes Stargen ™ 002 and the yeast Saccharomyces cereviceae. Variations made to the enzyme concentration Stargen ™ 002 is used as follows: 2.5%, 3%, 3.5% and 4% and fermentation time for 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66 and 72 hours. Analysis of the results using the Alcoholmeter with highest bioethanol yield at 4% enzyme concentration at 42 hours of fermentation with ethanol content of 8% (v / v) Keywords: Sorghum, Bioethanol, Stargen™ 002 Enzymes, Enzyme Concentration, SSF
Pembuatan Bioetanol Dari Limbah Padat Sagu Menggunakan Enzim Selulase Dan Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Dengan Proses Simultaneous Sacharificatian and Fermentation (SSF) Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Substrat Dan Volume Inokulum Yolanda Amalia; Sri Rezeki Muria; Chairul Chairul
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Bioethanol is a renewable alternative energy source that can be used as an alternative fuel . One material that has potential as bioethanol feedstock is a solid waste sago , which is the sago industry solid waste that has not been optimally dimanfatkan . The content of cellulose in the solid waste can be converted into bioethanol sago by using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation ( SFS ) process . This research aims to find out how much solid waste can be converted into bioethanol sago with variation of substrate concentration and volume of inoculum , and to determine the influence of substrate concentration and volume of inoculum at the SFS . The variation of this research are the substrate concentration 40 g , 60 g and 80 g and volume variations of inoculum 10 % and 12.5 % at the fermentation time for 96 hours at pH optimum of 5. The process of saccharification uses cellulase enzymes and Saccharomyces cervisiae yeast for the fermentation process. The samples were conducted by using alcoholmeter . The results of this research showed that the highest ethanol which obtained at the SFS process using cellulase enzyme and Saccharomyces cervisiae yeast reached 8 % for 72 hours fermentation time, the variation of the substrate concentration 80 g and 12.5 % inoculum volume  Keywords : ethanol , cellulase enzymes , fermentation , sago , Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Pembuatan Bioetanol Dari Limbah Padat Sagu Menggunakan Enzim Selulase Dan Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Dengan Proses Simultaneous Sacharificatian and Fermentation (SSF) Nuryanti, Lidya; Muria, Sri Rezeki; Chairul, Chairul
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Bioethanol is one of alternative energy that more friendly to environment because has an ability to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.  Biothehanol produced from fermentation process of glucose that comes from carbohydrate materials with the help of microorganism. The purposes of this research are to get the best operation condition that influenced by particle size and source of the nutrients to produce high level of biothanol and find the best time to do fermentation process. There are four step in this research, they are : preparation of material, equipment and nutrients sterilization, the making of inoculums and finally is scarification simultaneous fermentation process (SSF). Variations of particle size are 20-40 mesh and 60-80 mesh. Variations of nutrients source are come from urea and yeast extract. Fermentation process is done at pH 5 and room temperature. The highest level of biothanol produced by material with particle size  60-80 mesh and nutrients from urea. The best time for fermentation process is during 72 hours.  Key Words: Bioetanol, Cellulase enzym, Fermentation, solid waste of sago, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Kinerja Beton High Volume Pofa Ririn Yuari Farandia; Monita Olivia; Lita Darmayanti
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The use of Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) as a pozzolanic component in concrete continues in the future due to increase amount of POFA as by-product from industries annually. POFA is used as partial cement replacement in concrete and has significant impact on concrete’s performance. In this research, high volume POFA concrete with POFA replacement of 45%, 55% and 65% by cement mass were studied. POFA was obtained from local quarry in Riau Province. OPC concrete was used as control mix. Some properties namely workability, setting time, compressive strength, shrinkage and porosity were investigated. Results show that workability and compressive strength decreases as the POFA replacement increases in concrete. Porosity, shrinkage and setting time increases with an increase of POFA in concrete. It can be concluded high volume POFA using local material cannot improve the concrete performance significantly. Keywords: compressive strength, performance of concrete, POFA, porosity, pozzolans, shrinkage, setting times, workability
Ketahanan Beton Mutu Tinggi Di Lingkungan asam Pandiangan, Jaya Alexander; Olivia, Monita; Darmayanti, Lita
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

This research studies the durability of high strength concrete in acidic environment likes peat water and sulfuric acid solution. The high strength concrete will immersion in that both solution. After that, concrete will testing by mechanics and physical behavior likes compressive strength test, permeability test, porosity test, mass lost, visual changes, and acidic depth penetration by age of concrete. The main indictor of acidic solution in this reseach is point of hydrogen (pH) by solution. The range of pH by peat water are 4.00 – 5.00 and sulfuric acid is is 5.00. The limited of compressive strength of the test spesimen is 50 MPa. This research gives the decrease of compressive strength by age in peat water immersion, whereas in sulfuric acid immersion this research shows the increase of compressive strength by age. The value of permeability of concrete in peat water immersion show the increase of permeability by age, but in sulfuric acid immersion the value of permeability increase in 28 days immersion and then decrease in 91 days immersion. Percent of porosity increase in 28 days immersion and decrease in 91 days immesion in peat water and sulfuric acid solution. Weight change test shows the dercrease of weight of the test speciment from all solution. The visual inspection changes test gives colouring changes onlyin test specimen in acidic solution and the result of depth penetration acid test is not showed the different result.  Keyword: Peat water, sulfuric acid, high strength concrete, mass lost, compressive strength, acidic penetration, permeability, pH, porosity, visual inspection
Analisis Sistem Penurunan Konsolidasi Multi-Layer Rofika Ratna Ardiansyah; Syawal Satibi; Soewignjo Agus Nugroho
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
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Construction on thick soft soils is often faced by settlement problems, which need particular concern. In order to reduce settlement friction piles are often used. However the effectiveness of group friction piles related to their dimension has not been fully understood. Therefore settlement analysis need to be conducted. In addition, in practice one-point settlement is generally used for preliminary assignment. This approach is considered to be very rough analysis. This research will show the comparison between one-point method and multi-layer method. For group friction pile analysis, simplified boussinesq stress distribution (2 verticals : 1 horizontal stress distribution) is applied in settlement calculation. This research shows that multi-layer settlement calculation is recommended for preliminary settlement assignment. Keywords: friction pile, settlement, multi-layer, stress distribution
Fermentasi Nira Nipah Skala 50 Liter Menjadi Bioetanol Menggunakan Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Ade Sri Umaiyah; Chairul Chairul; Silvia Reni Yenti
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

One of the natural resources that can be utilized alternative into bioethanol is palm sap. Preparation stater done by culturing medium Saccharomyces cereviseae as developer on 10% yeast fermentation medium thus able to adapt and be ready to do the fermentation. This study aims to make bioethanol from palm sap 50-liter scale with variations in pH 4,5; 5 and 5,5 and fermentation time 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours.. Batch fermentation process takes place with a stirring speed of 200 rpm and temperature of fermentation at room temperature (25-300C). The optimum fermentation conditions indicated on the initial conditions of pH 4,5 and fermentation time of 48 hours the acquisition of or 9% .  Keywords: Bioethanol, palm sap, fermentation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Pirolisis Reject Pulp Menjadi Bio-Oil Dengan menggunakan Katalis NI/NZA
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
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The using and utilization of  bio-oil became the main alternative to overcome the problem of dependence on fuel. Bio-oil can be produced from the pyrolysis of reject pulp. Reject pulp can be converted into bio-oil through a pyrolysis process using a Ni/NZA catalyst. The variation of the reaction temperature 290oC, 300oC, 310oC and 320oC. The weight ratio of catalyst with biomass was varied at 0%; 1%; 2%; dan 3%. The pyrolysis processing used nitrogen gas with a flow rate of 80 ml/min. The yield of maximum product was gotten such 88.2%. The bio-oil composition dominance obtained 24,65% Hydroxyl acetone, 22,35% Acetone alcohol, 19,1% Acetic acid, 5,5% 2,3-Dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one and 3,09% 1-Hydroxy-2- butanone.  Key Words: Bio-oil, Reject pulp, Ni/NZA, Pyrolysis

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