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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Pembuatan Nitroselulosa Dari Selulosa Hasil Pemurnian Pelepah Sawit dengan Hidrogen Peroksida (H2O2) Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Propelan Saragih E; Padil Padil; Yelmida Yelmida
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Nitrocellulose is a polymer used as materials for propellant. Manufacture of nitrocellulose done with cellulose nitration process. Nitration of cellulose is a reaction force substitution or replacement of H+ from –OH- groups in cellulose contained in the NO2+ cluster of nitric acid (HNO3). Cellulose to be used is sourced from waste palm midrib. The purpose of this study is to obtain the best conditions of temperature and time nitration that α- cellulose nitration process to produce nitrocellulose with a high nitrogen content. Palm midrib cellulose purified before entering the nitration process. Stages of the purification process a palm midrib cellulose is extraction, hydrolysis, delignification and purification with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). After the purification process, the next step is the process of nitration of cellulose with a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid. Nitration process is done with the variation of temperature and reaction time. Nitrocellulose nitrogen levels will be analyzed with Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy (FTIR). The best conditions in the nitration process took 30 minutes with the temperature of 90 oC. Nitrogen levels were estimated on nitrocellulose > 12% so it can be used as raw material for the manufacture of propellants. Keywords: FTIR, Nitration, Nitrocellulose, Palm Midrib, Propellants
Pengaruh Plastisizer Minarex Terhadap Sifat Dan Morfologi Material Wood Plastic Composite Berbasis Batang Sawit Ady Maulana; Bahruddin Bahruddin; Ida Zahrina
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Oil palm stem is solid waste in oil palm plantation.Oil palm stem content high cellulose which not much in use with optimal. Oil palm stem have potential for filler in wood plastic composite (WPC). The aim of the research is to study the effect of content of oil palm stem particle (SBS) and content of minarex on the morphology and properties of WPC based on a mixture of oil palm stem particle (SBS) and polypropilene (PP). Ratio used of SBS/PP is 70/30, 60/40 and 50/50 with sizes of the SBS is 60-100 mesh. As plastisizer was use minarex-H with values of 0%, 2% and 10% mash. As compatibilizer was use maleated anhydrid polypropilene (MAPP) of 5% mass. WPC samples were prepared using Rheomix 3000 HAAKE mixer at temperature of 170oc. Rotor speed of 60 rpm and time of 20 minutes. Physical testing of WPC focused in water content, bulk density, water absorption and thickness swell and mechanical testing of WPC focused in tensile strength, flexural strength. Beside that morphology testing of WPC using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The result showed ratio of SBS/PP and high content of minarex in WPC will degradate of properties of WPC. The best mechanical properties of WPC are on SBS/PP mass of 50/50 for tensile strength, 61,57 kg/cm2 and SBS/PP mass of 60/40 for flexural strength, 2,68 kg/cm2. key Words : Maleated Anhydrid PolyPropylene, Morphology, plastisizer minarex, Polypropylene, Oil Palm Stem.
Perbandingan Kapasitas Dukung Aksial Pondasi Tiang Tunggal Dengan Beberapa Metode Analisis (Studi Kasus : Pondasi Rumah sakit Pendidikan Universitas Riau Pekanbaru) Sanjaya, Gigih; Satibi, Syawal; Muhardi, Muhardi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

A pile foundation design should be done carefully and as carefully as possible. Each foundation must be able to support loads up to the limit safely, including supporting the maximum load that may occur.  The purpose of this study was to determine the bearing capacity and settlement of pile foundation at Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Universitas Riau Pekanbaru Project. Analyses were performed by static and dynamic methods to determine the bearing capacity of  piles and settlement.  Bearing capacity of piles with static methods is calculated based on the data field (SPT) and laboratory while the method of dynamically calculated based on the field data is data obtained static load test and Pile Driving Analyzer (PDA) while driving operation.  In this paper, we describe briefly how the calculate bearing capacity of the pile vertical for some methods such as Meyerhof, Poulus dan Davis, U.S Army Corps, Briaud et al. (1985), Metode β,  Software All Pile and  From the analysis data , ultimate bearing capacity vertical for single pile base on SPT and laboratory methods Briaud et al. (1985) is near ultimate bearing capacity for single pile base on static load test  Keywords: SPT, Pile Driving Analyzer (PDA), static load test and bearing capacity,
Analisa perbandingan Kuat Tekan Beton Semen PCC Dan Semen Tipe 1 Terhadap Pemakaian Sikament NN Istighfar, Irfan; Kurniawandy, Alex; Ermiyati, Ermiyati
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
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Abstract

The state of the art in cement manafacturer produces cement that can give high quality concrete and environmentally sustainable, which of product is Portland Composite Cement (PCC). This research aim to find solution to increase the compressive strength of PCC approaching the value of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Compressive Strength. One of the solution is by adding Sikament NN into the concrete mixture. Samples are in Cylindrical shape 15 cm diameter and 30 cm height in age of test 7, 28 and 91 day with 3 samples per each. Design of mix composition use ACI method with w/c 0,4 ; 0,35 ; 0,3. The initial time for OPC  is 92,99 minute and the final setting time is 150 minute, the initial time for PCC is 119,17 minute and final setting time is 165,5 minute. The initial time for OPC  with Sikament NN is 222,5 minute and final setting time is 285 minute, the initial time for PCC with Sikament NN is 247,5 minute and final setting time is 300 minute. The result of compressive strength at age of samples of 7, 28 and 91 days with FAS of 0,4; 0,35; and 0,30; shows higher compressive strength of type 1 cement compared to PCC cement’s compressive strength and higher compresive strength of type 1+Sikament NN compared to PCC+Sikament NN’s compresive strength and higher compresive strength of PCC+Sikament NN compared to type 1 cement’s compressive strength.  Keyword : Compressive Strength, PCC cement, Type 1 cement , initial time, Sikament NN
Kajian Pengaruh Perubahan Tata Guna Lahan Terhadap Profil Muka Air Sungai Air Hitam Kota Pekanbaru Vinka Lyona; Manyuk Fauzi; Sigit Sutikno
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
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Abstract

Air Hitam River is one of the river in Pekanbaru which have the function as the main drainage of the Pekanbaru city. In the past, land surrounding the Air Hitam River Basin is dominated by vegetation that can infiltrate rain water, but as the development of the city, the vegetation areas has changed to housing, offices, warehouses and trade. The change of land use will influence hydrology condition and make river flow higher. If the river is not able to accommodate the rain water, it will cause flooding which cause harm to the surrounding community. For this conditions, it is required data and information about the Air Hitam flooding in the watershed. This study uses the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and hydraulics models in Hec-GeoRAS. This research used existing land use data in 2010, land use plan in 2026, and land use in extreme condition to estimate. The result showed that in period from 2010 to 2026, the vegetation areas has decreased amounted to 56.778 % to 21.641 %. This causes the value of the composite runoff coefficient land greater so the river can’t accommodate the flow occurs. Discharge that exceeds the capacity of the river caused flooding of 4.5 ha by 2010, 322.338 ha by 2026 and 372.645 ha by extreme conditions.  Keywords: land use, flood inundation, Hec-GeoRAS
Aplikasi Logika Fuzzy Untuk Prediksi Kejadian Hujan (Studi Kasus : Sub das Siak Hulu) Hafidzilhaj Harys; Imam Suprayogi; Rinaldi Rinaldi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Most important information regarding of weather especially the rain is very useful for human routines. At this writing used fuzzy logic which aims to made a approaching prediction of raining on Sub DAS Siak Hulu. The Data that used is the rainfall data and climatological data from 2010 through 2012 with a prediction that will be done for the year 2011. The rainfall data is been taken from Pasar Kampar station which sourced from Balai Wilayah Sungai III and  then for climatology data took from Pasar Kampar station and from website www.wunderground.com. For the input of rain prediction model used 6 variables that is air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, barometric pressure, total layers of clouds, and the sun shines with long output variable is rainfall. For the measurement of the accuracy of prediction Mean Square Error formulation used. Based on the results of the verification of the prediction of rainfall had a median value of ratanya was 66% and for the results of the verification of average rain events is 65%.  Key words: rainfall, weather, prediction, fuzzy inference system
Simulasi Perubahan Garis Pantai Teluk Belitung Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti Menggunakan Program Genesis Herli Fajri; Ferry Fatnanta; Sigit Sutikno
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
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Teluk Belitung beach is located on the outer side of Asam strait that relate directly to Malacca strait and South China sea. It causes the ocean waves directly on the shoreline that pose an enough serious problem of shoreline change along the coastline. For it, necessary to study about the shoreline changes that occur coastline. This study was conducted using GENESIS program for simulate shoreline changes that will occur within a period of 5 years, 10 years and 15 years ahead. The data used to perform simulations using GENESIS  program is coastal bathymetry, winds, waves, soil properties of coast land and ocean currents and tides data. Simulation results obtained  from the increase in value of the shoreline changes that occur in the form of accretion and erosion along coastlines. Five-years results of the simulation time showed maximum shoreline change reaches 26,1 meters, which increases the simulation time of 10-years to reach 52,1 meters and at the simulation time 15-years to reach 78 meters. Analysis results of simulation results obtained the main factors that affecting the magnitude of shoreline change is occured. The soil  properties of coastal land has a grain size and cohesion of little value, so that when the waves come to the shore will be easiliy eroded coastal cliffs and carrying granules are eroded.  Keywords: shoreline change, accretion, erosion, GENESIS
Penggunaan Pasir Alam Dalam Campuran Beraspal jenis AC - WC Dengan Pengujian Marshall Berdasarkan Sfesifikasi Bina Marga Tahun 2010 Domel, Imam Islami; Sentosa, Leo
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
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The use of natural sand as fine aggregate in AC (Asphalt Concrate) mixture is limited to a minimum value of 15% of total of mixture weight as stated by Bina Marga Spesification 2010. Evaluation from the aspect of utilization cost shows that natural sand is cheaper than fine aggregate from stone crushing process because of no extra cost for crushing. This research aimed to identify the optimum sand content that can be used at fine graded AC/WC mixture. The variation used in this research are 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% of total aggregate mixture. The addition of natural sand makes optimum bitumen content (OBC) will decrease. OBC for natural sand of 0% is 6,4 %, OBC for natural sand of 5% is 6,35 %, OBC for natural sand of 10% is 6,3 %, OBC for natural sand of 15% is 6,25 %, OBC for natural sand of 20% is 6,2 %, OBC for natural sand of 25% is 6,2 % while the OBC for natural sand of 30% is 6,15 %. Optimum natural sand content for asphalt mix AC/WC type is 15% with OBC of 6,25%. With no consideration in the maximum requirement of the use of 15% natural sand in Bina Marga Spesification 2010 natural sand still can be used up to 25% in AC/WC asphalt concrete mixture.  Keywords: natural sand, asphalt concrete AC / WC, Bina Marga Spesification 2010 and Marshall characteristic.
Analisa Kapasitas Embung Untuk Suplai Air Irigasi (Studi Kasus : Desa Sendayan , Kecamatan Kampar Utara) Irpan, Apdani; Sujatmoko, Bambang; Hendri, Andy
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
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Abstract

The problem of lacking of water for agricultulal irrigation in the dry season is a problem happened in Sendayan Village, North Kampar District, Kampar Regency. To solve this problem, the construction of pond in form of detention pond is planned.  The capacity of detention pond is determined by doing an analysis of water availability, that is dependable flow method of FJ.Mock and the water required of irrigation, so that from both analysis mentioned before, it will be got a condition of water balance, that will show the months of lacking water.  The result of research shows that the water required of irrigation on maximum condition is 0,210 m3/second in May and for the maximum dependable flow is 0,547 m3/second in December. If it is related with the discharge of water required of irrigation with the availability of water, so it will be appeared that the months when water lacks (February, June, Juli, August, September and October) and the months when maximum lacking of water happened on second period of June that is 0,139 m3/second. The capacity of detention pond for the gate operation time of 4, 5, and 6 hours is 8,24 hectare, 10,30 hectare, and 12,36 hectare with the depth of detention pond is 2 metre and the wide of farm irrigated is only 1,90 hectare, so that the analysis of storage capacity of detention pond with the existing area is 1,90 hectare and the depth of detention pond is 2 metre carried out so that the result shows that the wide of farm which can be irrigated for the gate operation time of 4, 5, and 6 hours is 93,1 hectare, 88,1 hectare, and 85 hectare.   Key word : detention pond, dependable flow, capacity of detention pond, water required, lack of water.
Pengruh variasi Bentuk Paving Block terhadap Kuat Tekan Arie Putra; Alex Kurniawandy; Azhari Azhari
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
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The purpose of this research is to know the effect of paving block original shape variations and test shape of paving block with SNI standard 03-0691-1996 against compressive strength. Mix design of paving block in this research used proctor methods with cement ratio and fine  aggregate allowed 1 : 2,857. Beam specimen with dimension 20×10×8 cm and cube with dimension 8×8×8 cm and hexagon specimens with lateral side dimension 10 cm and heavy 8 cm and then cube with dimension 8×8×8 cm for testing of compressive strength, while the specimen of beam with dimension 20×10×8 cm and specimen of hexagon with lateral dimension 10 cm and heavy 8 cm for testing of water absorption with total specimen 46 sample. The  testing of compressive strength and water absorption conducted at 28 days. The result of compressive strength value was produced by testing of compressive strength with compression machine and  the test of ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) towards specimen of original shape and specimen of cube shape with SNI standard. The result of the research showed that testing result of compression strength with compression machine between original shape of paving block and cube shape with SNI standard there were significant differences. Compressive strength of specimen beam with dimension 20×10×8 cm with cube with dimension 8×8×8 cm and specimen of hexagon with lateral dimension 10 cm and heavy 8 cm and cube with dimension 8×8×8 cm were obtained for each of it 39,58 MPa ; 34,22 MPa ; 53,50 MPa dan 32,89 MPa. The Average of water absorption that was obtained for the beam specimen and hexagon were respectively 2,66 dan 2,62%.   Keywords: paving block, original shape, cube shape, compressive  strength, UPV,  compression machine, water absorption and proctor method.

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