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INDONESIA
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
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Articles 2,116 Documents
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EVALUASI TEKNIS PADA PENGOPERASIAN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKRO HIDRO (PLTMH) KALI JARI DESA GADUNGAN KABUPATEN BLITAR Shidqi, Fahruddin; Utomo, Teguh; Hasanah, Rini Nur
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
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Kurangnya kegiatan perawatan membuat pihak pengelola dan operator kesulitan mengidentifikasi kinerja dari PLTMH Check Dam V Kali Jari. Maka dari itu, perlu dilakukan evaluasi terkait aspek teknis dan kinerja dari PLTMH untuk mengetahui kondisi sesungguhnya saat kondisi berbeban, dan potensi sumber daya air yang ada. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, pengukuran debit air yang didapat dengan metode apungan bernilai sebesar 0,4760 m3/s, sedangkan pengukuran tinggi jatuh air (head) denganmetode waterpass, didapatkan hasil Heff sebesar 8,014 meter. Berdasarkan potensi sumber daya air tersebut, potensi daya listrikyang dapat terbangkitkan secara teori sebesar 17,96 kW. Akan tetapi, dengan potensi daya terbangkitkan tersebut, daya terpasang pada PLTMH Check Dam V Kali Jari sebesar 15 kW dan generator terpasang sebesar 8 kW. Penggunaan daya listrik rata-rata tiga fasa PLTMH Check Dam V Kali Jari selama dua hari pengukuran pada pukul (18.00 – 22.00 WIB) sebesar 2.1761 kW untuk daya nyata dan 2.7089 kVA untuk daya semu. Perbandingan daya nyata rata-rata terpakai dan daya generator sebesar 27.0894%, sedangkan perbandingan daya nyata rata-rata terpakai dengan daya terpasang, maka didapatkan perbandingan rata-rata sebesar 14.4477%. Hal ini menunjukkan kurang optimalnya penggunaan daya pada PLTMH Check Dam V Kali Jari. Berdasarkan ketentuan umum yang berlaku pada IMIDAP (Integrated Microhydro Development and Application Program) tahun 2009 oleh Kementerian ESDM, pada beberapa komponen sipil, mekanikal dan elektrikal pada PLTMH Wot Lemah sudah layak namun perlu dilakukan perbaikan pada beberapa komponen terutama pada komponen transmisi mekanik. Kata Kunci: PLTMH, Evaluasi, Metode Apungan, Metode Waterpass, Daya Nyata, IMIDAP.
ANALISIS DESAIN PEMBANGUNAN PLTS TERAPUNG DI DANAU TOBA: STUDI PADA ASPEK TEKNIK, EKONOMI, DAN LINGKUNGAN Nainggolan, William Sutan; Wibawa, Unggul; Wijono, n/a
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
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High level of solar radiation throughout the year makes solar photovoltaic systems (PV) as one of the options for clean energysources in Indonesia. Indonesia possesses significant potential for utilizing floating solar plants, given its 3.091 water resources. Lake Toba, situated in the North Sumatra province, stands as Indonesia's largest lake, covering an expansive area of 1.145 km2. With solar irradiation levels reaching 1757,1 kWh/m2/yr, the lake presents promising potential as a suitable location for floating solar plant installations. The study focused on the technical design of floating solar power plants, covering electrical components and civil structures like floaters, anchors, and moorings. Two scenarios were analyzed to determine plant capacity: maximum water surface area and peak load data of North Sumatra. Inverter capacity was restricted by a ratio of 1,15 to 1,25. Graphical simulations using Matlab software were conducted to assess PV module generation characteristics at various solar radiation levels. Economic analysis included Cost of Energy, Net Present Value, Profitability Index, and Payback Period over a 30-year project lifetime. Environmental analysis addressed GHG emissions reduction assuming a 1% yearly power depreciation. This study outlines the technical design for the Lake Toba floating solar plant with a capacity of 583 MWp covering 3,57 km2 water surface. The plant uses 988.080 PV modules 590 Wp and 48 inverters 10.000 kW, mounted on HDPE floaters with a taut mooring system. Estimated energy production stands at 854 GWh/year. Economic analysis reveals a positive NPV of Rp 5.8 trillion, PI exceeding 1 at 1.774, and a Payback Period of 9 years and 9 months, demonstrating the feasibility of constructing the 583 MW Lake Toba Floating Solar Plant. Environmental analysis indicates a reduction in GHG emissions on Sumatra Island by 18.68 kilotons of CO2 over the project's lifetime. Keywords: floating solar plant, renewable energy, economic analysis, environment analysis, Lake Toba
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN FENOL TERHADAP TEGANGAN TEMBUS AC PADA MINYAK JARAK (CASTOR OIL) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF BAHAN ISOLASI CAIR Handoyono, Tito Tri; Dhofir, Moch.; Hasanah, Rini Nur
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
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Mineral oil-based transformer insulation has several problems, namely that it is not environmentally friendly, cannot be decomposed, cannot be renewed and its availability is decreasing. Vegetable oils are an alternative to transformer insulation, one of which is castor oil. This research aims to describe castor oil as an alternative to mineral oil for transformer insulation materials based on SPLN 49 of 1982. This research was carried out using samples of pure castor oil and castor oil with phenol additives of 1.25%, 2.5%, 3.75%. Water content testing is carried out using the heating method with the aim of reducing the water content in pure castor oil. Heating was carried out at 70ºC for 60 minutes. Breakdown voltage testing is carried out to determine thedielectric strength of castor oil. Based on the minimum requirements of SPLN 49 of 1982, the breakdown voltage is >30 kV. Permittivity and conductivity tests were also carried out on castor oil. The relative permittivity value must meet the specified requirements. The permittivity value for pure castor oil is 12.59 F/m, for castor oil with 3.75% phenol additive it is 12.77 F/m. The conductivity value of pure castor oil is 93.66 × 10^(-9)S/m, while the conductivity value of castor oil with 3.75% phenol as an additive is 3.73 × 10^(-9) S/m. Assay Pure castor oil water uses the gravimetric method and shows that the water content before heating is 3300 ppm, then heating treatment can reduce the water content by 33.06 ppm or 1%. Testing the breakdown voltage of pure castor oil which did not go through a heating process was 30.65 kV, while the breakdown voltage value of pure castor oil which was heated was 36.67 kV, this heating increased by 18.63%. The highest breakdown voltage value for castor oil with 3.75% phenol additive was 46.05 kV at room temperature, while the highest breakdown voltage value for castor oil with 3.75% phenol additive was 58.97 at a heating temperature of 70ºC for 60 minutes. Keyword: heating, Castor oil. Water content, phneol, breakdown voltage
ANALISIS ARUS BOCOR ISOLATOR PADA JTM DI PLN ULP MOJOSARI DALAM KONDISI KERING DAN BASAH Ramadhan, Muhammad Dicky; Dhofir, Moch.; Nurwati, Tri
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
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This research discusses about the leakage current analysis of polluted ceramic disk insulators at PLN ULP Mojosari. So that conditions in the laboratory are the same as in the field, leakage current testing is carried out in dry and wet conditions, with variations in wet conditions using rainfall of 25.49 mm, 45.79 mm, and 96.37 mm to simulate rainfall in Indonesia, according to data from BMKG. In this research, a polluted plate insulator consisting of 2 disk insulators is used according to conditions in the field. The test voltage variations used range from 11 kV to 24 kV. From the test results it was found that pollutants on the insulator and rainfall had an effect on the leakage current value, because from the results of testing the pollutant content it was found that the pollutants present were metal and semiconductor which could reduce the insulating ability of the insulator if theseelements stuck to the surface of the insulator . In XRF testing, pollutant elements that are difficult to dissolve in water were found, namely Ti (Titanium) at 1.29%, V (Vanadium) at 0.04%, Cr (Chrome) at 5.97%, Mn (Manganese) at 7.14 %, Fe (Iron) at 11.2%, and Ni (Nickel) at 7.10%. Meanwhile, in the XRF-H method, the element Ti (Titanium) was 1.8%, V (Vanadium) was 0.30%, Cr (Chrome) was 14.4% and Mn (Manganese) was 36.1%. In testing pollutant insulators with a voltage of 20 kV in dry conditions, the leakage current value was 136.43 µA. Then, in testing wet conditions with artificial rainfall of 25.49 mm, 45.79 mm, and 96.37 mm, leakagecurrent values were obtained at 142 µA, 214.83 µA, and 290.63 µA, respectively. In this research, it was found that the greater the artificial rainfall and the test voltage provided, the greater the value of the leakage current flowing through the pollutant insulator. Leakage current flowing on the surface of polluted insulators will also cause electrical power losses and electrical energy losses. The energy loss values obtained at a test voltage of 20 kV are 23.90 kWh for dry conditions, 24,88 kWh for 25,49 mm rainfall, 37,64 kWh for 45,79 mm rainfall, and 50.92 kWh for dr 96.37 mm rainfall. Keyword: Leakage Current, Disk Insulator, Pollutant, Wet, Dry
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM MONITORING DAN PENGATURAN PADA SISTEM HOME REVERSE OSMOSIS DISPENSER BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS Ricardo, Aldo; Abidin, Zainul; Zainuri, Akhmad
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
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The availability of safe, clean water is a global priority, especially with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for 2030.However, data indicates that Indonesia still faces obstacles in meeting these goals, with most households experiencing limitedaccess to quality drinking water. This is an urgency because poor water quality can cause serious illnesses such as diarrhea which contributes to a high number of deaths each year, so assessing water quality is crucial, considering criteria such as pH, TDS, bacteria, and other physical factors. Therefore, monitoring and managing the Home Reverse Osmosis Dispenser system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) is an effective solution in monitoring water quality in real-time. The system monitors pH, TDS, temperature, and water level, with automatic controls to ensure water safety. Integration with UV water sterilizers aims to improve water quality by killing pathogenic microorganisms. Test results show the effectiveness of the system in generating accurate data, with low measurement differences between sensor readings and digital standardized comparison tools. The measurement accuracy rate for the pH sensor is 97.81%, for the TDS sensor is 96.76%, the temperature sensor is 98.9%, and the water level sensor 98.9%. The performance of each sensor produces the measurement value of each parameter very well. The addition of the water flow speed measurement feature and the calculation of the amount of water usage using the flow sensor also showed a high level of accuracy, namely 98.83% for measuring the speed of water flow and 97.69% for calculating the amount of water usage. Therefore, this system is expected to be an appropriate solution in increasing the availability of safe drinking water in urban areas in Indonesia in accordance with the SDGs. Keyword: Reverse Osmosis, drink water, Internet of Things
PERANCANGAN SISTEM KONTROL MEJA KERJA PADA MESIN POTONG DENGAN MIKROKONTROLER ARDUINO BERBASIS PID Rafiansyah, Ibnu Ghani; Rusli, Moch.; Siswojo, Bambang
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
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Seiring berkembangnya zaman, kebutuhan akan teknologi menjadi semakin kompleks. Permintaan akan teknologi terutama kebutuhan akan adanya alat otomatis sekala kecil untuk menunjang kebutuhan industri rumahan yang membutuhkan alat otomatis dengan desain sederhana dan praktis dalam penggunaan maupun pengoprasian alat tersebut. Dalam dunia industri rumahan dibutuhkan alat pemotong kayu, bertolak dari alat yang sudah ada saat ini dalam industri meubel sekala rumahan, masih menggunakan alat konvensional dalam pengoperasiaanya, adapun alat otomatis yang sedikit moderen masyarakat sering menyebut dengan istilah mesin potong kayu, yang sudah menggunakan motor DC dalam pengoperasiaanya, mesin potong ini masih memiliki banyak kekurangan mengenai kepresisiannya, dalam pengerjaanya masih terbatas. Belakangan ini mesin potong kayu semakin popoler, keberadaan alat ini sangat memudahkan tukang kayu pada saat memotong kayu. Pada motor DC dilakukan tuning dengan hasil parameter Kp=6,209 Ki=0,395 dan Kd=4,65, dengan rise time 1,75 detik, overshoot 0,95%, settling time 3 detik. Kata Kunci— Meja Kerja, Motor DC, PID.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PENGENDALI SUHU, pH AIR DAN NUTRISI MENGGUNAKAN METODE FUZZY MAMDANI PADA TANAMAN HIDROPONIK PAKCOY Bahtiar, Zuhrinada Alvin; Nurussa’adah, n/a; Nusantoro, Goegoes Dwi
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
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Hydroponics is a cultivation system for plants that does not involve soil as a growing medium but rather utilizes alternative substrates such as perlite, vermiculite, gravel, sand, rice husks, and cocopeat, along with nutrient-rich water containing sufficient oxygen. One advantage of hydroponic techniques over soil-based agriculture is the relatively easier identification and monitoring of nutrient conditions. Unlike soil-based farming, which presents challenges in identifying soil types and their nutrient content, hydroponics offers a more straightforward approach. In the hydroponic cultivation of pakcoy, water quality stands as the primary parameter. To achieve optimal results, water conditions must maintain suitable temperatures, pH levels, and nutrient concentrations under the requirements for pakcoy growth. Designing a control system using the Mamdani fuzzy method will be implemented to regulate temperature, water pH, and nutrient concentration according to growth requirements to maintain water quality in pakcoy hydroponics. From the research findings, the device is capable of controlling water temperature in the hydroponic reservoir according to the desired setpoint membership function, ranging from 15°C to 30°C, with an average steady-state error of 2.16%. The device can regulate water pH according to the setpoint range of pH 5-7, with an average steady-state error of 2.6%. For nutrient concentration control, the device achieves the setpoint range of 1000-1200 ppm, with an average steady-state error of 1.15%. This study demonstrates that the Mamdani fuzzy logic-based control system for temperature, water pH, and nutrient concentration can enhance the growth of pakcoy hydroponics plants. Keywords: Hydroponics, Pakcoy, Water pH, Temperature, Nutrition, Fuzzy logic Mamdani
PENGARUH PERBESARAN LUAS ELEKTRODA TERHADAP PROBABILITAS TEGANGAN TEMBUS PADA DIELEKTRIK MINYAK MENGGUNAKAN SUMBER TEGANGAN TINGGI DC Astari, Bela Natasya; Dhofir, Moch.; Nurwati, Tri
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
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The electrode is an electrical conductor that is used to determine a breakdown voltage and functions as a tip medium where the positive and negative sides are opposite. The shapes of electrodes are very diverse, one of which is rod electrodes. This research will describe the effect of increasing the electrode area on the probability of breakdown voltage in oil dielectrics using high DC voltage. The research method used is to collect data through testing breakdown voltage, leakage current and oil conductivity at the High Voltage Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Brawijaya University and carrying out electric field simulations for each variation of electrode area magnification with FEMM 4.2 software. The electrode variations used in testing breakdown voltage and leakage current are A, 2A, 3A, 4A, and 5A. Breakdown voltage testing was carried out with the same distance between electrodes, namely 2 mm, on an oil dielectric using Shell Diala B oil. The results obtained from this research were the influence of increasing the electrode area on the probability of breakdown voltage and leakage current level. Where the greater the area magnification value, the smaller the breakdown voltage value and the greater the leakage current level. Apart from that, the five variations of electrode area magnification have the same homogeneity factor where the electric field distribution is even. Keywords: Electrodes, Enlargement, Probability, Shell Diala B Oil
PENGARUH PERBESARAN LUAS ELEKTRODA TERHADAP PROBABILITAS TEGANGAN TEMBUS PADA DIELEKTRIK UDARA MENGGUNAKAN TEGANGAN TINGGI DC Fianto, Aulia Ramadhan; Dhofir, Moch.; Hasanah, Rini Nur
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
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Breakdown voltage can be a random phenomenon that can cause electrical damage, especially DC electric power systems which are being developed because they have advantages over AC electric power systems. One of the components in an electric power system is a conductor wire with a small resistance value which can reduce power losses. One way to reduce the resistance value is to increase the cross-sectional area of the conducting wire, which can also be called the law of area enlargement. This research will describe the effect of increasing the electrode area on the probability of breakdown voltage in air dielectrics using high DC voltage. Leakage current data collection is needed to obtain the air resistance value at each electrode magnification and breakdown voltage data collection using the up and down method is carried out at the High Voltage Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Brawijaya University. Electric field simulations were carried out using FEMM 4.2 software with varying magnification of electrode areas A, 2A, 3A, 4A, and 5A. Keywords - Enlarging of Area, electrode, breakdown voltage, high voltage DC
EVALUASI SISTEM PROTEKSI PETIR INTERNAL PADA INSTALASI PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKROHIDRO (PLTMH) KALI JARI Faishal, Luthfi Nur; Utomo, Teguh; Dhofir, Moch.
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
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Evaluation of the Internal Lightning Protection System in Micro Hydro Power Plants (MHPP) needs to be carried out to support the continuity of generator work so that the supply of electrical energy is not interrupted. The evaluation carried out included the internal lightning protection system and the existing grounding system at the Kali Jari PLTMH. Based on the lightning protection level of the SNI 03-7015-2004 standard, an efficiency value of 36.47% is obtained at protection level IV with an efficiency value of 0-80%. To obtain the rated value of an arrester for an internal lightning protection system, it is necessary to know the value of the induced voltage that occurs in the network where the distribution lines are open enough to be exposed to indirect strikes. Using calculations from the simplified Rusck method, it was concluded that the change in the value of the induced voltage due to a lightning strike to the distance is inversely proportional following a hyperbolic function, while the change in the current strength of a lightning strike is directly proportional to the induced voltage. The induced voltage entering the lightning protection system ranges from 0.041 kV to 2.684 kV. In evaluating the internal protection system, it was concluded that the existing arrester as a protection device was not in accordance with the needs of the protection system, and that the arrester was needed to be replaced because it had reached its working limit. Arresters according to protection system requirements have a test class T2 that is suitable for securing equipment in the system. Then, the grounding system does not comply with PUIL 2011 standards. So it is necessary to design improvements; 10 conductor rods for 4.8Ω ground resistance using a conservative approach. Meanwhile, the BS 7430:2011 standard approach uses 14 conductor rods with a distance of 2 meters for a ground resistance of 4.76Ω or 12 conductor rods with a distance of 3 meters for a ground resistance of 4.97Ω. Keywords: Lightning, Internal Lightning Protection System, Induced Voltage, Arrester, Earth Resistance

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