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INDONESIA
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
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Articles 2,116 Documents
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KARAKTERISTIK PERUBAHAN POLA TEGANGAN DAN ARUS PEMBEBANAN MODUL SURYA DENGAN REFLEKTOR ALUMINIUM PADA SUDUT INKLINASI YANG BERVARIASI Syarif, Habib; Wibawa, Unggul; Hasanah, Rini Nur
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
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Electricity is considered a vital energy source that is inseparable from the lives of communities, companies, and industries. This is evidenced by the significant increase in demand in Indonesia. Due to the increasing demand for energy, there is a need to transition to renewable energy. Indonesia has a potential of 442 GW of renewable energy, with the largest potential being solar energy at 207.8 GWp. Solar energy can be converted into electrical energy using solar modules. However, the efficiency of solar modules needs to be considered and improved, for example by installing reflectors positioned at an appropriate angle of inclination. The research method used was an experiment involving the installation of aluminum reflectors and variations in inclination angles. The reflectors were installed on one side or both sides, while the inclination angles varied between 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°. The solar module used was a 20WP polycrystalline type connected to 13 units of 1.5-Watt DC LED lamps, each with its own switch. Voltage, current, and output power data are presented in line graphs, which yield regression equations that facilitate data analysis. The research findings consist of voltage, current, sunlight intensity, and temperature data provided in a table. The obtained data was analyzed to produce other quantities such as output power and input radiation. Voltage, current, and output power data are presented in line graphs, which yield regression equations that facilitate data analysis. Additionally, the top ten output power data will be displayed in a bar graph. The operation of installing a reflector has a significant impact on the voltage and current values at inclination angles of 60˚ and 75˚. The highest output power is achieved when using two aluminum reflectors, an inclination angle of 60˚, and a load of 19.5 Watt. Keywords: solar module, voltage, current, reflector, output power.
RESETTING RELE DIFERENSIAL DALAM MEMPERSIAPKAN UPRATING TRAFO 70/20 kV MENJADI 150/20 kV DI GARDU INDUK BLIMBING Mubarok, M. Farid Ibnu; Dhofir, Moch.; Utomo, Teguh
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
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Penelitian ini menjelaskan mengenai re-setting rele diferensial sebagai proteksi transformator di Gardu Induk Blimbing. Re-setting rele diferensial ini dilakukan karena adanya uprating transformator. Uprating transformator dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kapasitas gardu induk yang lebih tinggi. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan menentukan nilai hubung singkat pada Gardu Induk, rating PMT, rasio CT, setting diferensial, dan slope. Peneliti akan menggunakan perhitungan matematis. Dimana nilai perhitungan matematis akan disimulasikan menggunakan software ETAP. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan matematis dan simulasi didapatkan nilai hubung singkat pada sisi primer adalah 1717 A untuk hubung singkat 3 fasa, 1487 A untuk hubung singkat 2 fasa, dan 1071 A untuk hubung singkat 1 fasa ke tanah. Sedangkan di sisi sekunder transformator memiliki nilai hubung singkat sebesar 12900 A untuk hubung singkat 3 fasa, 11172 A untuk hubung singkat 2 fasa, dan 7527 A untuk hubung singkat 1 fasa ke tanah. Nilai Pemutus yang digunakan dalam proteksi pada sisi primer adalah 20 kA dan pada sisi sekunder sebesar adalah 25 kA. Nilai Rasio transormator arus pada sisi primer dan sekunder secara berturut-turut adalah 300:1 dan 2000:1. Selanjutnya untuk hasil perhitungan arus setting dan diferensialnya adalah 0,396 A dengan besar slope 1 sebesar 11,87 % dan slope 2 sebesar 23,74%. Kata kunci— Uprating Transformator, Hubung Singkat, Setting Rele
PERANCANGAN SISTEM DIGESTER BIOGAS PADA SKALA RUMAH TANGGA Mauludi, Mohammad Zidan; Dhofir, Moch.; Yudaningtyas, Erni
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
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The main focus of this journal is the design of a household-scale biogas digester system. The research method begins with a literature study, followed by a survey of the research location, data collection of biomass weight, analysis of biomass weightdata at the household scale, analysis of biomass weight data at the village scale, and finally drawing conclusions and providingrecommendations. The results of this thesis include, firstly, on a household scale, the maximum biomass weight obtained includescow manure weighing 47.4 kg per day and goat manure weighing 11.648 kg per day, a C/N ratio of biomass of 19.93, a volume ofwater mixed with biomass of 123,920 cm³ per day, a potential biogas energy production of 2,478,400 cm³ per day, potential electricity that can be generated is 15.118 kWh per day, material requirements for building the biogas digester system include a total need for 2,266 bricks, 619.15 kg of cement, 2.18 m³ of sand, 133.64 L of water, 0.0916 m³ of fine aggregate, 0.11 m³ of coarse aggregate, 6” PVC pipe measuring 2.9572 m, 6” PVC sockets of 2 pieces, 1/2" galvanized steel pipe measuring 0.3154 m, 1/2" galvanized sockets of 1 piece, and 1/2" gas taps with 3/8” output of 1 piece with a construction cost of Rp. 5,445,973.43, a difference in potential electricity energy compared to electricity consumption of 7.9425 kWh per day, and the implementation of a combined scheme of PLN electricity installation with a biogas generator requires additional components such as a biogas generator, a 4A Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB), an Auto Transfer Switch (ATS), and NYY cables 2 x 1.5 mm². Secondly, on a village scale, the maximum biomass weight obtained includes cow manure weighing 679.4 kg per day and goat manure weighing 294.112 kg per day, a C/N ratio of biomass of 20.52, a volume of water mixed with biomass of 2,094,080 cm³ per day, a potential biogas energy production of 41,881,600 cm³ per day, potential electricity that can be generated is 255.48 kWh per day, the number of biogas digester systems that can be built is 16 units with a construction cost of Rp. 87,135,571.84, and the cost difference of full PLN electricity compared to a combination of PLN and biogas is Rp. 10,362,268.80 or 79%. Keywords— biomass, biogas, conversion, biogas digester system.
ANALISA PERBAIKAN SUSUT ENERGI 20 kV PADA PENYULANG PRIORITAS JARINGAN DISTRIBUSI TEGANGAN MENENGAH DI PT. PLN (PERSERO) ULP SAMPANG Sydney, Agnes Amadea Rullynda; Dhofir, Moch.; Utomo, Teguh
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
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Population growth and economic activity in Sampang Regency have increased the demand for electricity, creating the need for an adequate power distribution system. Data from UID East Java shows that ULP Sampang had losses of 26.82% in August and 26.05% in September, consisting of technical and non-technical losses. To improve the efficiency of the distribution system in ULP Sampang, it is necessary to analyze and plan the addition of capacitor banks. This analysis will use the Newton-Raphson method in ETAP power flow analysis software. Meanwhile, to determine the location of addition of capacitor banks based on loss sensitivity and reactive power comparison. Among the 9 reinforcements connected to the Sampang substation, the Kedungdungreinforcement has the highest voltage drop value reaching 9.59%, based on the data analysis, condition 7 is the most optimal condition to install capacitors with the following capacity: 1.0914 MVAR at Bus-3, 1.0048 MVAR at Bus-4, 0.9436 MVAR at Bus-6, 0.8564 MVAR at Bus-8, 0.3572 MVAR at Bus-29, and 1.0944 MVAR at Bus-2. The addition of capacitors successfully reduced the voltage drop and power dissipation values up to Condition 7. However, in condition 8, there was an increase in active and reactive power because the capacitor banks were installed without using the loss sensitivity method, focusing only on the bus with the largest power loss. Index Terms— Voltage Drop, Active Power Loss, Capacitor Bank, Sensitivity Analysis, Norm, ETAP
KAJIAN TEKNIS INTEGRASI PHOTOVOLTAIC PADA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKRO HIDRO (PLTMH) KALI JARI UNTUK MENGATASI KEBUTUHAN DAYA PELANGGAN Siagian, Alfandri; Utomo, Teguh; Hasanah, Rini Nur
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
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Currently, the Kali Jari MHPP located in Gandusari district of Blitar has supplied as many as 28 customers with a maximum power on an installed load of 6.16 kVA. As time goes by, the number of residents in this village will increase. It is estimated that by 2050, there will be 58 customers that will be supplied by the PLTMH Kali Jari with a maximum power at installed load of 12.76 kVA. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out studies to make power additions to the installed capacity. Using a renewable energy source, the intensity of abundant solar radiation, the addition of power to the installed capacity can be achieved by using the hybrid Kali Jari MHPP system with a photovoltaic system. To meet the power shortage, the photovoltaic system is designed with other supporting components. The design of this photovoltaic system uses a module with a capacity of 300 Wp of 15 pieces, 48 V 100 Ah batteries of 4 pieces, Battery Control Regulator (BCR) with a maximum current of 70 A of 1 pieces, and a 3 phase inverter of 8 kW of 1 piece. Keywoards: Renewable Energy, MHPP, Photovoltaic, Hybrid System.
DESAIN DAN SIMULASI PENGENDALI BEBAN ELEKTRONIK UNTUK PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKROHIDRO (PLTMH) KALI JARI Bernadine, Muhammad Zaidan; Utomo, Teguh; Nurwati, Tri
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
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Pengendali Beban Elektronik atau Electronic Load Controller merupakan perangkat elektronik yang menggunakan komponen semikonduktor, dirancang untuk mengatur beban utama generator agar daya yang dihasilkan oleh generator sesuai dengan kapasitasnya sehingga nilai tegangan dan frekuensi sistem tetap terjaga. Desain dan simulasi dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak MATLAB Simulink. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desain ELC yang dipilih meliputi tiga bagian, yaitu penyearah tiga fasa gelombang penuh, kontrol, dan beban komplemen. Penyearah tiga fasa gelombang penuh digunakan untuk mengatur arus yang mengalir ke beban komplemen dengan menggunakan komponen MOSFET berjumlah enam untuk mengatasi tiga siklus VRN, VSN, dan VTN. Kontrol ELC menggunakan metode yang mengacu pada teori p-q dan pengendalian modulasi arus (PWM). Beban komplemen digunakan untuk mengalirkan arus sisa yang tidak digunakan oleh beban utama yang pada penelitian inimenggunakan beban resistif 20,6 ohm. Simulasi dilakukan dengan membandingkan sistem jika menggunakan ELC dan tidak pada tiga kondisi, yaitu saat perubahan beban, beban nonlinier, dan beban tidak seimbang. Pada kondisi tidak menggunakan ELC dan dilakukan perubahan beban, semakin kecil beban konsumen yang terhubung generator maka semakin tidak stabil nilai daya, tegangan, dan frekuensi sistem. Namun, dengan penggunaan ELC maka nilai daya, tegangan, dan frekuensi dapat dipertahankan mendekati 1 pu. Pada kondisi beban non-linier, ELC berhasil memperbaiki nilai daya dari 0,52 pu menjadi 1,05 pu, tegangan dari 1,06 pu menjadi 1 pu, dan frekuensi dari 1,56 pu menjadi 1,009 pu. Pada kondisi beban tidak seimbang, ELC berhasil memperbaiki nilai daya dari 0,89 pu menjadi 1,05 pu, tegangan dari 1,06 pu menjadi 1 pu dan frekuensi dari 1,23 pu menjadi 1,009 pu. Kata kunci — Electronic Load Controller, Teori P-Q, Beban Komplemen, Penyearah Tiga Fasa Gelombang Penuh.
PENERAPAN METODE OVERMODULASI UNTUK MENAMBAH JANGKAUAN KECEPATAN PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR (PMSM) Amiruddin, M. Fero; Djuriatno, Waru; Nurwati, Tri
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
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The Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) is a type of electric motor frequently used in electric vehicles due to its reliability and efficiency. However, electric vehicles have a maximum speed limit caused by the Back Electromotive Force (BEMF), which prevents further torque generation. The Overmodulation method is chosen to enhance the maximum speed of PMSMs. Byemploying overmodulation, the inverter output voltage will be higher than using ordinary SVPWM. This voltage increase allows the current to flow for a longer duration, generating torque and thus extending the speed range of the PMSM. This study utilized the PLECS software for simulation. The results revealed a 13.7% increase in RMS voltage, a 40.7% increase in current, higher power output, a 1.08% increase in speed range, and a 1007% increase in electrical torque. Overmodulation enhances voltage, current, power, and speed range without altering the components. Keywords: SVPWM, Overmodulation, BEMF, Motor Speed, PLECS
ANALISIS EFISIENSI TRANSFORMATOR DISTRIBUSI DI PT. SADHANA Pratama, Muhammad Arkan Restu; Dhofir, Moch.; Nurwati, Tri
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
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Currently, electrical energy is one of the main needs in everyday life, so the quality of electrical energy that reaches consumers’ needs to be considered. This is related to the efficiency of the distribution transformer. The analysis methods that can be used to determine the efficiency of the distribution transformer are the transformer loading percentage analysis method, load imbalance analysis, transformer total loss analysis, and transformer efficiency analysis. In this study, the authors collected current data and total power data on 2 distribution transformers at PT Sadhana, Indonesia. The result of this study is that the highest totaltransformer loss value occurs in transformer 1 with a value of 9,62 kW and a load current of 1704,29 A. While the lowest total loss value occurs in transformer 2 with a value of 5,74 kW and a load current of 1151,43 A. The highest transformer efficiency occurs in transformer 2 which is 99,23% with a transformer load percentage of 39,89%. While the lowest transformer efficiency occurs in transformer 1 with a value of 99,12% and a transformer load percentage of 59,14%. From all the analysis results, it is known that the load current is directly proportional to the total loss of the transformer, and the transformer efficiency is at its nominal value when the transformer loading is in the range of 40%-80%. Keywords: Distributing Transformer, Percentage of Loading, Load Imbalance, Transformer Total Losses, Transformer Efficiency.
DESAIN SISTEM KONTROL SUHU MENGGUNAKAN PID CASCADE DAN SAFETY PADA COLD STORAGE MENGGUNAKAN REFRIGERAN HIDROKARBON Hariyanto, Arya Dwijaya; Rusli, Moch.; Yudaningtyas, Erni
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
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Cold storage is a room for storing a product with a temperature that can be adjusted to suit the needs of the product. Properstorage is recommended to maintain product quality in the hands of consumers. The freshness of the product on delivery depends on temperature being less than 25oC. This study was conducted with the aim of observing the effect of storage temperature on the quality of products during shipment from the manufacturer to the hands of the consumer. Analysis of product storage on cold storage can maintain freshness and good quality of product. To condition the room temperature in the required batas, cold storage uses a steam compression refrigeration system to cool it down. Refrigeration can also be said to be a process of transferring heat from a material or room to another material or room (Ilyas, 1993). Hydrocarbon refrigerants are a sustainable solution as an environmentally friendly alternative, but have flammable properties. In order to overcome the risk of potential fire, advanced safety technologies such as PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) are required. The system is designed to be able to control temperature using the Ziegler-Nichols PID tuning method. To control it, a secondary controller (control valve) and a primary controller (temperature) are needed, where in this research the first Ziegler-Nichols method was used.The PLC programming method in this research is used for security purposes. The system is designed to be able to automaticallystop in cases of leaks. The test results show that the system can run according to the limits set with high pressure values of 161-249, low pressure 17-29, current <50, and voltage <380. Thus, PLC technology not only increases operational efficiency, but also ensures that the use of hydrocarbon refrigerants is carried out with the maximum level of safety. Keywords: refrigeran, cold storage, safety, temperature, cascade
ANALISIS PENGARUH FLUKTUASI BEBAN TERHADAP EFISIENSI GENERATOR PT PLN NUSANTARA POWER PEMBANGKIT PAITON UNIT 1 DAN 2 Himam, Fanisha Laila; Utomo, Teguh; Hasanah, Rini Nur
Jurnal Mahasiswa TEUB Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
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PT PLN Nusantara Power Pembangkit Paiton Unit 1 dan 2 adalah salah satu pembangkit listrik tenaga uap terbesar di Indonesia. Pembangkit ini memiliki peran penting dalam menyediakan pasokan daya dan menyalurkannya untuk konsumen wilayah Jawa Timur dan Bali. Dengan cakupan konsumen yang sangat luas di kedua wilayah ini, permintaan akan daya listrik sangat bervariasi tergantung pada aktivitas mereka. Akibat dari variasi permintaan ini, beban pada pembangkit listrik tidak pernah tetap, melainkan selalu berubah dari waktu ke waktu. Namun, karena energi listrik tidak dapat disimpan dalam jumlah besar maka pembangkit harus menghasilkan daya sesuai dengan permintaan konsumen. Generator memainkan peran penting dalam menyediakan pasokan daya tersebut, tetapi adanya fluktuasi beban yang berubah-ubah dari waktu ke waktu dapat memengaruhi efisiensi generator. Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk menganalisis bagaimana fluktuasi beban yang dialami oleh generator unit 1dan 2 PT PLN Nusantara Power Pembangkit Paiton berdampak terhadap efisiensi generator tersebut. Metode regresi akandigunakan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara fluktuasi beban dan efisiensi generator. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalahfluktuasi beban memiliki pengaruh terhadap efisiensi generator. Berdasarkan analisis hubungan antara efisiensi terhadap perubahan beban pada generator unit 1 dan 2 PT PLN Nusantara Power Pembangkit Paiton, ketika beban generator fluktuatif pada rentang 50% hingga 90% dari beban nominal generator, ditemukan bahwa efisiensi generator relatif konstan sekitar 98%.Efisiensi tertinggi yang dicapai oleh generator unit 1 mencapai 98,27%, yang terjadi pada saat beban 319,061 MVA pada tanggal11 April 2023 pukul 06.00, dan efisiensi terendah sebesar 98,09%, yang terjadi saat beban 235,805 MVA pada tanggal 16 April 2023 pukul 22.00. Sedangkan, efisiensi tertinggi yang dicapai oleh generator unit 2 mencapai 98,3%, yang terjadi pada saat beban 341,458 MVA pada tanggal 14 April 2023 pukul 14.00, dan efisiensi terendah sebesar 98,09%, yang terjadi saat beban 231,864 MVA pada tanggal 15 April 2023 pukul 14.00. Kata Kunci: PT PLN Nusantara Power Pembangkit Paiton Unit 1 dan 2, generator, fluktuasi beban, efisiensi, metode regresi.

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