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Dinia R Dwijayanti,
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Biotropika
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 23027282     EISSN : 25498703     DOI : 10.21776/ub.biotropika.
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology invites research articles, short communication, and reviews describing new findings/phenomena of biological sciences in tropical regions, specifically in the following subjects, but not limited to biotechnology, biodiversity, microbiology, botany, zoology, biosystematics, ecology, and environmental sciences.
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Articles 544 Documents
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EXPLORATION NON-SYMBIOTIC NITROGEN FIXING BACTERIA PRODUCED IAA (INDOLE ACETIC ACID) AND PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZATION FROM APPLE’S TREE RHIZOSPHERE IN BATU, EAST JAVA Israwan, Ratna Fadhilah; Ardyati, Tri; Suharjono, Suharjono
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology

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Abstract

Biofertilizer is fertilizer contain microbes that help provide available nutriens for plants. Non symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria has been widely utilized as a biofertilizer agent. The objective of this research was to explore bacteria have ability in fixing nitrogen, producing IAA (indole acetic acid) and solubilizing phosphate from rhizosfer of Apple tree in Batu City. East Java. Isolation of soil sample from Apple tree rhizosphere was carried out using serial dilution. Nitrogen fixation ability was assayed qualitatively using nitrogen free bromothymol blue (Nfb) medium enriched with tryptophan. Quantitative measurement of Nitrogen fixation was done by Visocolor ammonium alpha detection kit. IAA production was observed in Luria Bertani medium enriched with tryptophan and Salkowski reagent. Detection of phosphate solubilization was done using Pikovskaya agar and Mo-blue reagent. Four isolates were obtained, isolates TR1, TR2, TR4 and TR5. All isolates have ability to fix nitrogen and to produce IAA. Isolate TR5 has the highest ability of nitrogen fixing (1 mg/L). Isolate TR1 produce maximum IAA concentration (793,55 µg/mL) at 48 hours. Isolate TR4 has the highest ability to solubilize phosphate (31,28 ppm) with index of phosphate solubization 1,21. Isolate TR1, TR4 and TR5 are potential as biofertilizer agents. Keywords: Biofertilizer, IAA, nitrogen fixation, phosphate, rhizosphere  
Aplikasi Beberapa Mulsa Hydroseeding untuk Perkecambahan Biji Teki Pioner di Tanah Pasca Pertambangan Batubara dari Kalimantan Selatan Yulianingsih, Dwi; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology

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Abstract

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui perkecambahan biji teki pioner dan karakterisasi beberapa mulsa pada tanah pasca pertambangan batubara dari Kalimantan Selatan. Spesies teki yang digunakan yaitu Cyperus brevifolius (Rottb.) Hassk., C. eragrostis Lam., C. odoratus L., C. strigosus L. dan Kyllingia monocephala Rottb. Mulsa yang diberikan pada tanah pasca pertambangan meliputi tanah liat (L) sebagai kontrol, liat-kompos UB (LU), liat-kompos daun (LD) dan mulsa kompos feses kerbau (F). Biji teki pioner polikultur ditanam pada media tanah pasca pertambangan dengan penambahan empat mulsa dan diulang enam kali. Variabel yang diamati antara lain persentase dan waktu perkecambahan serta kerapatan. Selain itu, diamati pH, konduktivitas dan bahan organik mulsa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mulsa di atas tanah pasca pertambangan mampu menjadi media perkecambahan teki polikultur. Kecambah tumbuh pada hydroseeding dari kompos feses kerbau memiliki kerapatan nyata tertinggi. Media liat memiliki pH nyata paling rendah (asam), sedangkan bahan organik pada mulsa kompos feses kerbau nyata paling tinggi. Media yang direkomendasikan untuk program revegetasi di tanah pasca pertambangan adalah mulsa liat-kompos daun dan kompos feses kerbau untuk memperoleh waktu perkecambahan lebih singkat dan kerapatan tinggi.   Kata kunci: Mulsa, perkecambahan, tanah pasca pertambangan, biji teki pioner
Reclamation of Post Coal Mining Using Hydroseeding Involving Seeds of Some Local Papilionaceae Baiti, Rufaidah Nur; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology

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Abstract

This study aimed to determine germination rate, growth and morphological adaptation of root, shoot and leaves of some local Papilionaceae seeds sown in a post coal mining from the South Kalimantan using hydroseeding technique. Species used in this study were Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC, Indigofera spicata Forssk, Alysicarpus ovalifolius (Schumach.) J. Léonard, Crotalaria pallida Aiton, Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. dan Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. Twenty seeds of each species were mixed with mulches became hydroseeding, sown in the surface of the tailings from South Kalimantan and each treatment was repeated four times. The media were watered periodically to maintain soil field capacity. Seeds germination rate, plant length, leaves number and coverage were observed twice per week. Plants were harvested 37 days after sown (das) to determine root length and nodules number. The results showed that the beans of D. triflorum, I. spicata, C. pallida and S. grandiflora succesfully germinated and grew in the media. Otherwise the beans of A. ovalifolius and C. cajan failed to germinate. Four germinated species grew variably depend on their specific life form. These Papilionaceae adapted well to the selected medium and showed an intensive root penetration to the tailing layer. Besides D. triflorum, I. spicata and C. pallida were capable to produce some nodules.   Keyword : Adaptation, post coal mining, Papilionaceae, revegetation
Expression of Erythroid Progenitor Cells and Erythrocytes on Dexamethasone Induced-Mice Putra, Wira Eka; Soewondo, Aris
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology

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Abstract

Dexamethasone (Dex) is synthetic corticosteroid, known as anti-inflamation drug to ameliorate autoimmune diseases. It worked by inhibiting production of proinflamatory citokines. The aim of this experiment was to confirm the effect of administration of Dex on erythroid progenitor cells, TER-119+VLA-4+ and erythrocytes, TER-119+VLA-4- expression from bone marrow compartments. Two weeks old BALB/c mice were used and grouped into 3 injection treatments of Dex with six replications i.e. no injection (control), 0.5 mg/kg BW (dose 1), 10 mg/kg BW (dose 2). To investigate the therapeutic effect of dexamethasone, the mice were sacrified on day-7. The bone marrow cells were isolated and analyzed by flow cytometry. Data analysis was confirmed with the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney test with significance level (α) of 0.05. The result showed that administration of Dex on BALB/c mice increase the expression of erythroid progenitor cells, TER-119+ VLA-4+ and erythrocytes, TER-119+VLA-4- from bone marrow.Key words: Dex, erythrocytes, erythroid progenitor cells
PEMANTAUAN KUALITAS FISIKO-KIMIA AIR DI MATA AIR NYOLO, CURAH GLOGO DAN CURAH LANG-LANG DESA NGENEP KECAMATAN KARANGPLOSO KABUPATEN MALANG Millah, Ayu Hilyatul; Retnaningdiyah, Catur
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kualitas air di mata air Nyolo dan salurannya yang terletak di Desa Ngenep Kecamatan Karangploso Kabupaten Malang berdasarkan parameter fisiko-kimia dan indeks kualitas air menurut National Sanitation Foundation’s Water Quality Index (NSF-WQI). Pengambilan sampel air dilakukan pada enam stasiun yaitu hulu mata air Nyolo (stasiun I, II), saluran Curah Glogo (stasiun III dan IV) dan saluran Curah Lang-lang (stasiun V dan VI). Parameter yang diukur meliputi pH, DO, BOD, alkalinitas (bikarbonat), nitrat, dan turbiditas. Perbedaan nilai tiap-tiap parameter ditentukan dengan menggunakan uji Anova atau Brown Forsythe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa parameter BOD, Nitrat, dan pH mata air Nyolo dan salurannya sudah memenuhi baku mutu kualitas air kelas I menurut PP No. 82 tahun 2001 untuk bahan baku air minum. Oksigen terlarut di mata air Nyolo dan salurannya termasuk rendah dan hanya memenuhi baku mutu kelas III untuk pertanian kecuali stasiun II yang termasuk dalam kelas IV. Parameter turbiditas pada stasiun IV tidak memenuhi standar baku untuk air minum berdasarkan WHO karena melebihi 5 mg/L. Kualitas air berdasarkan indeks kualitas air menurut National Sanitation Foundation’s termasuk dalam kategori sedang (medium). Kata kunci : Mata air  Nyolo dan salurannya, indeks kualitas air NSF,  kualitas fisiko-kimia air
THE EFFECT AND THE UTILIZATION OF X-RAY EXPOSURE AGAINTS MICRONUCLEUS FREQUENCY OF LYMPOCYTES CELLS FOR BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETER Astari, Triesha Retno; Warih, Agung Pramana
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

ABSTRACT Use of nuclear technology in various fields requires a development of a simple and quick method to determine the risks of person after exposed to radiation. Micronucleus (MN) is one of the indication of structural defect on chromosome as a result of radiation exposure which can be observed in a cell with two nuclei (binucleic cells, BNC), by blocking the cleavage process using cytochalacine-B. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of MN that formed after radiation exposure based on gender and age of respondences (donor). Blood samples from six healthy person with age of about 25-51 years old were irradiated with X-ray at doses of 0 and 2 Gy, then MN culturing and its harvesting were done with standard procedures. The results showed that MN frequency was different with differences in age and gender of the respondents ( donors ) that were irradiated at doses of 0 Gy (control) and 2 Gy (α = 5 %). It was found that the MN frequency induced by dose of 2 Gy was significantly higher than that of 0 Gy . However, MN in each age group of 28-30 years, 42-43 years and 50-51 years were not significantly different. It is may be caused by the difference of laboratory condition and other factors such as the amount and sample condition that used with variety of ages >60 years old. The MN test methods of peripheral blood lymphocytes due to radiation enable to be used to learn the irradiation effect in in vitro on the chromosome and can be used as a biological dosimeter.  Key words : Biodosimetri, cytokinesis Block ( CB ), dose, micronuclei, ionizing radiation .      
Profile of T cells after dexamethasone treatment in BABL/c mice Januarisasi, Iga Dwi
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

ABSTRACT Regulation of homeostatic mechanisms and the development of T lymphocytes is influenced by several things, one of them is glucocorticoids. Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid drugs used in the treatment for several diseases acted as an anti-inflammatory. The aim of this experiment was to confirm the effect of dexamethasone at normal dose and high dose on T cell profile and also to know the quantity of T cells after dexamethasone injection in each dose. This experiment we applied 18 mice in the age of 2 week and divided into 3 treatment groups with six replication i.e. control, dexamethasone injection with normal dose (0.5 mg/kg BW) and high dose (10 mg/kg BW), then observed on day-7 after injection. T cells were isolated from the spleen and analyzed by flow cytometry. Data analysis was confirmed with the ANOVA test followed by Turkey test with significance different (α) of 0.05. The result showed that dexamethasone act as immunosuppressant agent on high dose (10 mg/kgBB). Dexamethasone injection with normal dose on healthy mice showed no significant different in total number of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+CD62L, and CD8+CD62L compared to control. But, dexamethasone injections with high dose showed that the total number of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+CD62L, and CD8+CD62L were decreased significantly. Key words: Dexamethasone, Flowcyto metry, Glucocorticoid, Immunosuppressant, T lymphocyte.
Growth of Pioneer Grasses in Monoculture and Polyculture Systems of Hydroseeding Applied in a Coal Mining Tailing from the South Kalimantan Rahma, Amalia Fadhila; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

ABSTRACT   The aims of this research were to compare germination of local and pioneer grasses seeds sown in garden soil and hydroseeding mulch. Furthermore, we also observed growth, density and coverage of the grasses planted in monoculture or polyculture systems applied in a post coal mining tailing from the South Kalimantan. Species used were Eleusine indica (L.), Paspalum conjugatum P.J.Bergius, Sporobolus indicus (L.) R.Br. and Eulalia amaura (Buese) Ohwi. Thirty two seeds of each grass were sown on a garden soil and mulch of hydroseeding to observe rate and time of germination. The seds of each species (in monoculture treatment) and composited species (in polyculture treeatment) were then mixed with mulch and spreaded above the coal mining tailing put in plastic pot. Each treatment were replicated 3 to 5 times. The observed variables were the time and rate of germination, density, maximum length of leave blade, plant height and coverage, root/shoot length ratio. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically using one way Anova, Brown Forsythe or t tests, cluster and biplot analysis. Results of research showed that seeds of all pioneer grasses sown in monoculture germinated in both media, garden soil and hydroseeding mulch. Otherwise, E. indica and E. amaura seeds were less germinated in polyculture system. In monoculture system, germination rate of seeds sown on the  soil was higher, moreover seeds rapidly germinated rather than those of hydroseeding mulch. Density, growth and coverage of monoculture grass tent higher than polyculture ones. Root system of all species developed well in the mining tailing, therefore its grew longer than their shoot. Key word : Coal mining tailing, germination, hydroseeding, pioneer grasses
Efect of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) and Bitter (Andrographis paniculata) Extract to Humoral Immunity in Balb/c Mice Model of Type 2 DM Rochmatika, Lailiya Vina
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

ABSTRACT Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is disease caused by decreased insulin receptor sensitifity,  so that, causing level blood glucose to rise. One of strategy to reduce blood glucose level is by administration with medicinal herbs. The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) and bitter (Andrographis paniculata) extract on B220 cell in Balb/c mice model of type 2 DM. Mice in the age of 5 days were divided into five groups, each group consists of 4 mice. The treatments consist of negative control (normal mice), positive control (DM2), dose 1, dose 2, and dose 3. DM2 was induced by intraperitoneally injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) in neonate BALB/c mice. Treatment with bitter melon and bitter was performed for 14 days. Blood glucose level was examined by glucometer. Spleen cells were isolated and analyzed by flow cytometry post treatment. The result showed that dose 3 of extract of Bitter (Andrographis paniculata) and Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) can increase the number of B cells in DM2 treated mice compare to DM2 untreated mice. Furthermore, we showed that Bitter melon extract herbal (Momordica charantia) and Bitter (Andrographis paniculata) had an ability to reduce blood glucose level in concentration dependent manner. Dose 3 known as the most efective to optimize either B cells proliferation or blood glucose reduction. Key words: Bitter, bitter mellon, diabetes mellitus type 2, streptozotocin
Effectivity Combination of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) and Bitter (Andrographis paniculata) Extract to Suppress Proinflammatory Cytokines in Diabetic Mouse Models Agustin, Firda
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
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Abstract

nsulin Resistance (IR) is main characteristic of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. IL-6 and IFNγ play important role in the deterioration of this disease. The aim of this experiment was to know effectivity combination of Bitter Melon and Bitter to decrease the expression of IL-6 and IFNγ in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were induced by injecting streptozotocin to neonate BALB/c mice in the age of five days (100 mg/kg BW). This experiment applied five groups which divided into  normal group, T2D (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus model group), T2D-D1 (Bitter Melon dose 5,6 mg/kg BW and Bitter 20 g/kg BW), T2D-D2 (Bitter Melon doses 56 mg/kg BW and Bitter doses 200 mg/kg BW) and T2D-D3 (Bitter Melon doses 5600 mg/kg BW and Bitter doses 20000 mg/kg BW). Relative number of proinflammatory cytokines were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA with SPSS 16.0 for Windows. The results showed that the treatment with Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) and bitter (Andrographis paniculata) gave different effect compared to T2D groups. Medicinal herbs groups supressed proinflamatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IFNγ. So that relative number of IL-6 and IFNγ in treated group is lower than Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) mice model.   Key words: IFNγ, IL-6, Insulin, Proinflammatory

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