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Dinia R Dwijayanti,
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Biotropika
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 23027282     EISSN : 25498703     DOI : 10.21776/ub.biotropika.
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology invites research articles, short communication, and reviews describing new findings/phenomena of biological sciences in tropical regions, specifically in the following subjects, but not limited to biotechnology, biodiversity, microbiology, botany, zoology, biosystematics, ecology, and environmental sciences.
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Articles 554 Documents
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THE EFFECT AND THE UTILIZATION OF X-RAY EXPOSURE AGAINTS MICRONUCLEUS FREQUENCY OF LYMPOCYTES CELLS FOR BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETER Triesha Retno Astari; Agung Pramana Warih
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Use of nuclear technology in various fields requires a development of a simple and quick method to determine the risks of person after exposed to radiation. Micronucleus (MN) is one of the indication of structural defect on chromosome as a result of radiation exposure which can be observed in a cell with two nuclei (binucleic cells, BNC), by blocking the cleavage process using cytochalacine-B. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of MN that formed after radiation exposure based on gender and age of respondences (donor). Blood samples from six healthy person with age of about 25-51 years old were irradiated with X-ray at doses of 0 and 2 Gy, then MN culturing and its harvesting were done with standard procedures. The results showed that MN frequency was different with differences in age and gender of the respondents ( donors ) that were irradiated at doses of 0 Gy (control) and 2 Gy (α = 5 %). It was found that the MN frequency induced by dose of 2 Gy was significantly higher than that of 0 Gy . However, MN in each age group of 28-30 years, 42-43 years and 50-51 years were not significantly different. It is may be caused by the difference of laboratory condition and other factors such as the amount and sample condition that used with variety of ages >60 years old. The MN test methods of peripheral blood lymphocytes due to radiation enable to be used to learn the irradiation effect in in vitro on the chromosome and can be used as a biological dosimeter.  Key words : Biodosimetri, cytokinesis Block ( CB ), dose, micronuclei, ionizing radiation .      
Local People Knowledge about Plant Trees Species Inside Tropical Forest of Tengger Ranupani Setyo Ayu Hardyanti; Luchman Hakim
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 2, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

Degradation of  tropical forests in Indonesia is  known more widespread. The development of  societyactivities  is  known to be very fast, thus  it  causes  land degradation. An  effort  to make ecosystem reparation of the tropical forest through restoration becomes very important to be done. The success of these efforts cannot be separated from the local community factors. The purpose of this study  is  to determine rainforest woody plant species that are recognized, and utilized  also knowing the  public perceptions in tropical forest restoration. The method used is quantitative ethnobotany with estimatingthe significance of the plant based on the level of popularity  herbs known and frequently used by the society.  The data  were analyzed using the Relative Frequency of Citations (RFC) and Relative Importance (RI). There are thirtyfive plants that are mentioned by society. Eighteen species are woody plants. The highest value of RFC from the interview are pine (Casuarina junghuhniana) that the value is  1. It  is often  used to  fill the need  as a building material and firewood.  The  smallest value of  RFC is 0.07  randu bacin  (Pittosporum moluccanum).  It  is  caused of lacking knowledge of  the type  and the benefits of the plants. RI value or numbers of plants  that are most frequently mentioned is fir that is at 3.56.  Meanwhile,  the  smallest  value of  RI  is  randu bacin  (Pittosporum moluccanum)  of 0.31.  The society’s perception of woody plants is  quite well. The society  knows the benefits of forest plants and the  forest condition today.  The society’s  traditional knowledge in  benefitting  the  plants  is  to be hereditary. So that  society  makes  serious efforts  to  help  the activity of  forest restoration by planting vegetation. Keywords: degradation, forest, restoration, trees, utilization
Potensi Penambahan Probiotik (Lactobacillus pentosus K50) untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pakan Ikan Air Tawar Helena Daten; Tri Ardyati
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 6, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

Pakan merupakan sumber nutrisi bagi ikan yang dapat diproses dengan penambahan probiotik. Probiotik merupakan mikroba yang berperan untuk meningkatkan kesehatan inang dan kualitas pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui viabilitas bakteri asam laktat (BAL), jumlah bakteri Salmonella dan coliform, kapang, serta kandungan nutrisi pakan. Perlakuan fermentasi terdiri dari tanpa penambahan BAL (kontrol), penambahan BAL Sp. 1, probiotik (Lactobacillus pentosus K50), dan bakteri konsorsium (Lactobacillus pentosus K50 dan BAL Sp. 1). Jumlah BAL, Salmonella dan coliform serta kapang dideteksi dengan metode Total Plate Count. Kandungan protein diuji menggunakan metode Kjedahl, karbohidrat dengan metode total carbohydrate by difference, dan lemak, abu, serta air dengan metode gravimetri. Data dianalisis menggunakan one way ANOVA selang kepercayaan 95 %. Viabilitas BAL pada perlakuan penambahan BAL Sp.1 mengalami penurunan dari hari ke-0 sampai 20, sedangkan perlakuan dengan penambahan Lactobacillus pentosus K50 dan konsorsium meningkat dari hari ke- 0 sampai 20 berturut-turut 12,6 x 108 CFU/g menjadi 17,4 x 108 CFU/g dan 11,2 x 108 CFU/g menjadi 14,9 x 108 CFU/g. Bakteri Salmonella tidak tumbuh dalam pakan kontrol dan fermentasi. Jumlah bakteri coliform dan kapang dalam pakan terfermentasi dengan perlakuan probiotik dan bakteri konsorsium mengalami penurunan hari ke-5 sampai 20. Jumlah kapang pada perlakuan dengan penambahan BAL Sp. 1 mengalami fluktuasi disebabkan meningkatnya kadar air selama fermentasi. Kandungan protein relatif stabil, sedangkan kandungan lemak, karbohidrat, dan abu mengalami penurunan selama fermentasi. Penambahan probiotik dalam pakan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri coliform dan kapang, serta menjaga stabilitas nutrisi pakan.
HUBUNGAN KERAPATAN DAN PANJANG TRIKOMA DAUN PADA KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogaea L.) TERHADAP PREFERENSI PELETAKAN TELUR KUTU KEBUL (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) Febi Wahyu Sulistyadi; Serafinah Indriyani; Suharjono Suharjono
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 1, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

Groundnut crop which is widely used in various fields. However, there are some pests that attack peanuts, one of which is the whitefly pest that lays eggs on the leaves. Laying eggs on the leaves can cause some damage. This study aimed to determine the relationship of density and length of the peanut leaf trichomes against whitefly infestation preference laying eggs on the leaves of peanuts. The method used is to plant 16 varieties of groundnut in the usual places visited by whitefly infestation. After the age of groundnuts ± 1.5 months taken leaf samples of peanut varieties, each variety was taken three leaves as replicates. Further microscopic preparations were made for length and density of trichomes observed on the abaxial whitefly infestation and the number of eggs in each sample and leaf damage observed macroscopically. Data analysis was done by correlation test number nits whitefly trichome length and density with SPSS 16 for Windows as well as analysis and cause leaf damage. Based on the research and observations that have been made can be seen that there is a positive and highly significant correlation between the density of leaf trichomes peanut and egg laying whitefly infestation in peanut leaves by Pearson correlation values ​​respectively of 0.86 at 0.01 level. While long relationship peanut leaf trichomes and laying eggs on the leaf whitefly infestation peanuts have a positive and significant correlation based on the value of 0.597 at 0.05 level. Thus it is known that whitefly infestation happy laying eggs on the leaves of peanuts with a tight and long trichomes.
Uji Potensi Bakteri Penghasil Hormon IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) dari Tanah Rhizosfer Cengkeh (Syzigium aromaticum L.) Desak Ketut Tristiana Sukmadewi; Suharjono Suharjono; Sarjiya Antonius
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Tanaman cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditi perkebunan yang memiliki peranan penting bagi pendapatan devisa negara. Perkebunan cengkeh rutin mengunakan pupuk kimia sintetik dalam proses pertumbuhannya. Permintaan produk pertanian dan perkebunan yang bebas akan bahan kimia semakin meningkat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari potensi isolat  bakteri penghasil hormon IAA dari tanah rhizosfer tanaman cengkeh. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pengambilan sampel tanah, isolasi bakteri penghasil hormon IAA dan analisa hormon IAA. Bakteri yang berpotensi menghasilkan hormon IAA tertinggi adalah isolat TCKI 5 (32,84 ppm) dari Karangasem. Hasil tertinggi ini didapatkan pada waktu inkubasi 48 jam. Berdasarkan nilai OD terlihat bahwa isolat TCKI 5  pada waktu inkubasi  48 dan 72 jam memiliki nilai OD yang  sama yang  merupakan  fase stasioner   Kata kunci: bakteri, tanaman cengkeh, Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), rhizosfer 
Etnobotani Penyambutan Bulan Sura Di Komplek Wisata Alam Air Terjun Sedudo, Kabupaten Nganjuk Prita Ayuningtyas; Luchman Hakim
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 2, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstrak Air Terjun Sedudo merupakan salah satu daerah wisata yang memiliki atraksi budaya dengan memanfaatkan tumbuhan sebagai pelengkap acara. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan dalam kegiatan menyambut Bulan Sura oleh masyarakat sekitar Air Terjun Sedudo sebagai bagian dari strategi konservasi tumbuhan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2013 hingga April 2014. Observasi secara langsung dilakukan di komplek wisata alam Air Terjun Sedudo. Identifikasi tumbuhan dan analisis data dilakukan di Laboratorium Taksonomi, Struktur dan Perkembangan Tumbuhan Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Brawijaya. Penentuan responden dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data didapatkan menggunakan metode wawancara secara semi terstruktur. Data hasil wawancara pemanfaatan tumbuhan diklasifikasikan dalam 8 kategori pemanfaatan, dan selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan indeks etnobotani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan didapatkan 62 spesies tumbuhan dan tergolong ke dalam 34 famili yang dimanfaatkan untuk pelengkap prosesi penyambutan Bulan Sura. Tumbuhan yang memiliki RFC tertinggi adalah ketela pohon (Manihot esculenta Crantz) sebesar 0,77 dan untuk nilai RI tertinggi adalah melati (Jasminum sambac L.) sebesar 0,91. Sebagian besar tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan digunakan untuk melengkapi prosesi penyambutan Bulan Sura maupun untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari. Masyarakat sekitar Air Terjun Sedudo sebagian besar masih bergantung dengan sumberdaya dan tumbuhan yang ada di sekitar tempat tinggalnya, sehingga secara tidak langsung masyarakat melakukan konservasi guna melestarikan sumberdaya yang ada.   Kata kunci : etnobotani, ekowisata, konservasi tumbuhan, konservasi atraksi wisata
Hubungan antara Aktivitas Manusia dan Keberadaan Kukang Jawa (Nycticebus javanicus) di Kawasan Hutan Lindung di RPH Sumbermanjing Kulon, Jawa Timur Nirmala Ayu Aryanti; Naufal Akbar Hartono; Fajar Ramadhan; Pahrurrobi Pahrurrobi
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 6, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2018.006.03.02

Abstract

Keberadaan hutan lindung yang tersisa di kawasan Malang Selatan sangat rentan akan kerusakan habitat satwa liar akibat tingginya aktivitas manusia. Keberadaan kukang Jawa (Nycticebus javanicus) saat ini mampu bertahan hidup pada kawasan yang dikeliling oleh aktivitas manusia yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, pengaruh aktivitas manusia terhadap keberadaan kukang Jawa yang ada di hutan lindung RPH Sumbermanjing Kulon, Jawa Timur perlu diketahui. Pengambilan data titik keberadaan individu kukang Jawa dilakukan secara langsung dan tidak langsung. Wawancara dengan masyarakat dan pencatatan bentuk aktivitas manusia di sekitar hutan lindung RPH Sumbermanjing Kulon, Jawa Timur juga dilakukan untuk mengambil data. Analisis data dilakukan dengan mengukur jarak antara keberadaan kukang Jawa dengan keberadaan aktivitas masyarakat menggunakan program ArcGis 10.3. Berdasarkan perjumpaan langsung dan informasi dari masyarakat ditemukan enam individu kukang Jawa. Kukang Jawa cenderung ditemukanjauh dari pemukiman dan jalan setapak, namun ditemukan dekat dengan jalan utama dan wisata pantai yang berada di sekitar hutan lindung. Oleh karena itu, keutuhan kawasan hutan lindung perlu tetap dijaga dari segala bentuk aktivitas manusia yang tinggi.
EKSPLORASI KAPANG ANTAGONIS DAN KAPANG PATOGEN TANAMAN APEL DI LAHAN PERKEBUNAN APEL PONCOKUSUMO Galuh Setyanto Pradana; Tri Ardiyati; Luqman Qurata Aini
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 1, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

Poncokusumo merupakan daerah pertanian di Kabupaten Malang yang memiliki komoditas utama yaitu apel. Serangan kapang patogen menyebabkan apel menjadi rusak dan busuk. Selama ini, pengendalian kapang patogen hanya dilakukan dengan menggunakan pestisida dan mampu menyebabkan terjadinya resistensi kapang patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui spesies kapang antagonis dan kapang patogen yang terdeteksi serta mengetahui tingkat dan mekanisme penghambatan kapang antagonis terhadap pertumbuhan kapang patogen dari lahan perkebunan apel Poncokusumo. Isolasi kapang antagonis dilakukan menggunakan sampel tanah top soil 10 cm, sedangkan isolasi kapang patogen berasal dari sampel organ tanaman yang terserang penyakit dengan melakukan sterilisasi menggunakan larutan NaOCl 5 %. Isolat kapang antagonis diuji tingkat penghambatannya terhadap kapang patogen tanaman apel dengan menggunakan metode dual culture dan slide culture. Persentase penghambatan masing-masing kapang antagonis dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan one-way ANOVA. Hasil eksplorasi didapatkan tiga genus kapang patogen yaitu Venturia sp., Colletotrichum sp., dan Monilia sp., sedangkan kapang antagonis yang didapat antara lain Trichoderma sp.(I), Trichoderma sp.(II), Trichoderma sp.(III), Aspergillus sp.(I), dan Aspergillus sp.(II). Penghambatan terbaik ditunjukkan kapang antagonis Trichoderma sp.(I) yaitu menghambat Venturia sp. sebesar 50,51%, Colletotrichum sp. sebesar 73,30%, dan Monilia sp. sebesar 66,97%. Hasil pengamatan mikroskopis diketahui bahwa mekanisme penghambatan kapang antagonis terhadap kapang patogen menggunakan metode slide culture diketahui bahwa isolat Genus Trichoderma yaitu kompetisi dan parasitisme, sedangkan isolat Genus Aspergillus dengan antibiosis. Kata kunci: antagonis, eksplorasi, patogen, penghambatan.
The Effect of Dexamethasone Treatment to Humoral Immunity in BALB/C Mice Models Ovi Ardiana; Muhaimin Rifa'i
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Glucocorticoids (GCs) are a class of steroid hormones which regulate a variety of essential biological functions. The profound anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activity of synthetic GCs, combined with their power to induce lymphocyte apoptosis place them among the most commonly prescribed drugs worldwide. Endogenous GCs also exert a wide range of immunomodulatory activities, including the control of T cell homeostasis. Dexamethasone is kind of glucocorticoid which is used to control some deseases. The purpose of this experiment is to know the effect of dexamethasone on B220. There are three different doses of treatments applied: 0.0 mg/kg BW (control), 0.5 mg/kg BW, and 10 mg/kg BW.  Each treatment uses 6 mice (2 weeks old) with intraperitoneal injection. The treated mice were observed for 7 days and spleen cells were isolated for flow cytometric immunophenotyping . The data were analyzed by BD CellQuest and tested using One-way ANOVA (p<0,05) then Tukey’s test with SPSS 16.0 for Windows program. The result of this experiment showed that the dose of 0.5 mg/kg BW did not decrease B220 cell number significantly, but the dose of 10 mg/kg BW did. Keyword : B220, Dexamethasone, Glucocorticoids
Perubahan Siklus Estrus Akibat Induksi Peningkatan Kadar Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) Pada Fase Luteal Kambing Peranakan Boer Aries Erlinda Ratna Wardhani; Agung Pramana W.M
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 2, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRACT The objective of this study to understand the effect of PGF2α injection in early diestrus phase and mid- diestrus to the estrous cycle. Treatment in this study are early diestrus control, mid- diestrus control, administration of PGF2α on early diestrus phase and administration of PGF2α in mid diestrus phase (each group n=3.) 1.5 ml Capriglandin® was injected once intramusculary. Then, phase change observed every day start one day since injection. Estrous phase were determined by observation vaginal smear cytology. Data were analyzed by Mann- Whitney method using Microsoft Excel software and SPSS 16.0 for Windows. There’s no significant difference in diestrus and proestrus length on injected group at early diestrus and control early diestrus group, onset estrous of injected group and control group respectively on day 15 and on day 16. The injected group at mid diestrus and control mid diestrus group have a significant difference at onset estrous and diestrus length but there is no significant difference in proestrus length, onset of estrous in the injection group and control group respectively on day 6.7 and on day 12 day (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that there is no response of single injection of PGF2α when injected at early diestrus, but when injected at mid- diestrus causes a shorter diestrus phase than the control respectively 2,3 and 8 days. Keywords : PGF2α, onset of estrous, estrous synchronization, vaginal smears

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