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Current Biochemistry
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23557877     EISSN : 23557931     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education
Current Biochemistry (CB) publishes the results of original research that contribute significantly to the understanding of the chemical compound and reaction that occur within living organism. Preference will be accorded to manuscripts that develop new concepts or experimantal approaches, particularly in the advancing areas of biochemistry science. Manuscripts that are primarily theoretical in nature or in the field of bioinformatics must be directed toward explaining important results previously not understood, making important predictions that can be experimentally tested, or developing segnificant advances in theory of general interest to biochemists. Submission of manuscripts in emerging areas in biochemistry, chemical biology, biophysics, proteomics, model studies and structures, cellular and molecular biology, computational biochemistry, biotechnology, and new methods development is encouraged especially if they address basic biochemical mechanisms.
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Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 2 No. 1 (2015)" : 5 Documents clear
Bioethanol Production by Using Detoxified Sugarcane Bagasse Hydrolysate and Adapted Culture of Candida tropicalis Inda Setyawati; Laksmi Ambarsari; Siti Nur'aeni; Suryani Suryani; Puspa Julistia Puspita; Popi Asri Kurniatin; Waras Nurcholis
Current Biochemistry Vol. 2 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : IPB University

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Abstract

Ethanol is considered as the most promising alternative fuel, since it can be produced from a variety of agriculturally-based renewable materials, such as sugarcane bagasse. Lignocellulose as a major component of sugarcane bagasse is considered as an attractive renewable resource for ethanol production due to its great availability and relatively low cost. The major problem of lignocellulose is caused by its need for treatment to be hydrolyzed to simple sugar before being used for bioethanol production. However, pretreatment using acid as hydrolyzing agent creates some inhibitor compounds that reduce ethanol production because these compounds are potential fermentation inhibitors and affect the growth rate of the yeast. Reduction of these by-products requires a conditioning (detoxification and culture starter adaptation). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate bioethanol production by fermentation with and without detoxified sugarcane bagasse acid hydrolysate using adapted and non-adapted culture of C. tropicalis. According to this study, the highest ethanol amount was obtained about 0.43 % (v/v) with an ethanol yield of 2.51 % and theoretical yield of 4.92 % by fermentation of sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate with detoxification using the adapted strain of C. tropicalis at 72 hours fermentation time. Furthermore, the addition of 3 % glucose as co-substrate on detoxified-hydrolysate media only achieved the highest ethanol concentration 0.21 % after 24 hours fermentation with the ethanol yield 0.69 % and theoretical ethanol yield 1.35 %, thus it can be concluded that the addition of glucose could not increase the ethanol production.
The Addition Effects of Glucose as a Co-substrate on Xylitol Production by Candida guilliermondii Laksmi Ambarsari; Suryani Suryani; Steffanus Gozales; Puspa Julistia Puspita
Current Biochemistry Vol. 2 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : IPB University

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Abstract

High cost production is one of the constraints of the commercial xylitol production due to high energy needed and pure raw materials. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the xylitol production eficiently with lower production cost by using microorganisms. The research objectives were to determine the optimum xylitol production from xylose by metabolism of C. guilliermondii and effect of glucose as a co-substrate in fermentation medium. The ratio of glucose : xylose (g/L) was 1:25, 1:12, 1:5 and 1:2.5 respectively. The xylitol concentration was measured by spectrophotometer method (D-sorbytol/D-xylitol kit). The result showed that the exponential phase of Candida guilliermondii was 12 h to 36 of incubation and optimum of incubation time to produce the highest xylitol was 72 h. The best ratio- of glucose : xylose to produce xylitol was 9 g/L glucose : 45 g/L xylose (1 : 5). The xylitol concentration produced from medium with the addition of glucose was 2.85 g/L. This concentration increased five times compared to that in the medium without addition of glucose that only reached 2.85 g/L. According to this study, the addition of glucose as a co-substrate could increase the xylitol production.
Isolation and Selection of Thermophilic Bacteria as Hexavalent Chromium Reducer from Batik Processing Waste Water Wijiastuti Wijiastuti; I Made Artika; Novik Nurhidayat
Current Biochemistry Vol. 2 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : IPB University

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Abstract

Hexavalent chromium (Cr VI) in the oxidized state is carcinogenic in humans. Chromium is widely used in various industries, and therefore Cr (VI) can be found in wastes from the industry. Heavy metal Cr (VI) waste, is one type of hazardous wastes, due to the high toxicity of Cr (VI) which is much higher than that of Cr (III). This study was conducted to isolate naturally occurring bacteria from batik wastewater with ability to reduce Cr (VI). Identification of chromate reductase gene was carried out using qPCR method. Results showed that three isolates Bacillus sp.1a, Pseudomonas sp.1b, dan Geobacillus sp.1c have chromate reductase-coding genes. Based on the results of qPCR analysis, the isolate Bacillus sp.1a was predicted to have the highest reduction activity. Hence, this isolate was then subjected to Cr(VI) reduction activity test.
Characterization of Gibberellin Producing Rhizobacteria Isolated from Soil Forest in Banten Hadi Susilo; Nisa Rachmania Mubarik; Triadiati Triadiati
Current Biochemistry Vol. 2 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : IPB University

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Abstract

Gibberellin is plant growth regulator that stimulates cell elongation, seed germination, flowering, and fruit ripening. This study was conducted to isolate, identify, and optimize growth media for gibberellins producing- rhizobacteria isolated from rhizosphere soil of “keruing“ (Dipterocarpus sp.) tree in forest research Carita, Pandeglang, Banten. Eight bacterial isolates were obtained and all produced gibberellin. The BC2 isolate produced the highest of gibberellin (0.897 mg mL-1) and then selected for identification based on physiology, molecular character, and effects of growth media with variation of temperature, pH, and light. The result of physiological test indicated that BC2 isolate does not produce indole, positive on urease and oxidative carbohydrate. The phylogenetic analysis showed that BC2 isolate is belonged to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia with 98% similarity level. The optimation of growth media indicated that the growth of BC2 isolate was optimum at 30°C, pH 7, and dark condition.
Identification of Aroma Gene (Mutated badh2) and Properties of Aroma on Aromatic BC5F2 Ciherang Jap Mai Cing; Djarot Sasongko Hami Seno; Tri Joko Santoso
Current Biochemistry Vol. 2 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : IPB University

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Abstract

Aromatic rice varieties have some weaknesses such as low productivity, and less resistant to pests and diseases. This study aimed to obtain homozygous strain of BC5F2 Ciherang aromatic through the identification of aroma gene (mutated badh2) and properties of the aroma. Ciherang paddy (nonaromatic paddy) was used as the female parent, whereas Mentik Wangi paddy (aromatic paddy) was used as the male parent. The experiment was conducted in BC5F2 because it is expected to generate plants with properties 98.4% close to female parent. The DNA from five strains of paddy plants BC5F2Ciherang X Mentik Wangi was isolated by a modified CTAB method. The concentration of DNA was determined by measuring absorbance at 260 nm wavelength, while its purity was determined from the ratio of the absorbance at a wavelength of 260/280 nm. PCR-based molecular selection was done by using the Bradbury primers. PCR results showed that of the 250 samples, there were 66 samples had DNA fragment of the same size as that of Mentik Wangi, i.e. 257 bp, 67 samples had the same size as the DNA fragment of Ciherang, i.e. 355 bp, and 117 samples had the same size with the both of DNA fragments, i.e. 257 bp and 355 bp. Plants with amplified 257 bp DNA fragment was subjected to leaf aroma test using 1.7% KOH. The results showed that 42 positive samples, out of 66 samples. Samples positive on leaf aroma test were tested again on rice aroma test. Rice aroma test results showed the majority (85.4%) samples that are positive on leaf aroma test is also positive on the rice aroma test. 

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