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Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 20878273     EISSN : 24606278     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture (JITAA) is a double blind peer-reviewed publication devoted to disseminate all information contributing to the understanding and development of animal agriculture in the tropics by publication of original research papers
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 34, No 4 (2009): (December)" : 11 Documents clear
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CRUDE INTRACELLULER PHYTASE FROM RECOMBINANT BACTERIA pEAS1AMP Nuhriawangsa, A.M.P.; Bachruddin, Z.; Sajidan, S.; Wibowo, A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 4 (2009): (December)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.4.265-271

Abstract

This research was aimed at producing a crude intracellular phytase characterized from recombinantbacteria. The recombinant bacteria (pEAS1AMP) was produced by way of transforming pET-22b(+)+pEAS1 into competent E. coli BL21 and E. coli BL21(DE3) cells. Crude intracellular phytaseproduction was induced using 1,5 mM Isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranosid (IPTG). Recombinantbacteria product and enzyme activity test followed the Sajidan method. E. coli BL21(+)pEAS1 and E.coli BL21 (DE3)(+)pEAS1 recombinant bacteria showed growth after 20 hours and 10 hours oftransformation. Phytase activity of E. coli BL21 (DE3)(+)+pEAS1 showed higher than those of E. coliBL21(+)+pEAS1. Crude intracellular phytase of pEAS1AMP recombinant bacteria has an optimumactivity at pH 5, 40oC, incubation period of 60 minutes, substrate concentration of 2%, molecular weight(MW) of 47.3 kDa, Km = 15.91 υM and Vm = 2.41 υM/second. Mg2+ acts as a cofactor but Fe3+ (10-4M) acts as an inhibitor.
UTILISING Zn AND Cu PRODUCT IN THE CORN MEAL SUBSTRATE AT Saccharomyces cerevisiae BIOPROCESS AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION ON INTERNAL QUALITY OF BROILER Widjastuti, T.; Abun, A.; Destian, A.; Darana, S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 4 (2009): (December)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.4.236-240

Abstract

This research was conducted to find out the effect and optimal percentage of adding Zn and Cuproteinat supplement product of fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the ration on internalquality of the broiler. The experiment used 125 broiler day old chicken with a Completely RandomizedDesign. The ration treatments were R0 (control), R1 (99% R0 + 1% supplement Zn and Cu proteinat), R2(98% R0 + 2% supplement Zn and Cu proteinat), R3 (97% R0 + 3% supplement Zn and Cu proteinat) andR4 (96% R0 + 4% supplement Zn and Cu proteinat) where each treatment was repeated five times andeach replication consisted of five broiler chicks. Variable analysis were body cut weight, carcasspercentage, liver relative weight, and the content of cholesterol broiler meat. Conclusion of the researchshowed that by using 3% of Zn and Cu proteinat supplement substrat in the ration gave the best internalquality of broiler, increased body cut weight, carcass percentage, otherwise liver relative weight and thecontent of cholesterol broiler meat were normal.
EFFECT OF MALTOSE CONCENTRATION IN TRIS DILUTION ON EPIDIDYMAL SPERMATOZOA QUALITY OF BALI BULL PRESERVED AT 50C Wattimena, J.; Parera, F.; Veerman, M.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 4 (2009): (December)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.4.272-278

Abstract

The objective of research was to evaluate the effect of maltose concentration in Tris dilution onepididymal spermatozoa quality of Bali bull that preserved at 50C. Five testis of Bali bull collected fromslaughter house were used in this study. Epididymal spermatozoa were collected through slicing andflushing methods, pressing cauda epididymal was conducted in NaCl physiology (NaCl 0.9%) emulsion.Spermatozoa which collected were divided into three reaction tube and each diluted by Tris dilutioncontaining: Tris dilution + 20% of yolk (control); Tris dilution + 20% of yolk + 0.3 g of maltose/100ml(M0.3); and Tris dilution + 20% of yolk + 0.6 g maltose/100 ml (M0.6). Spermatozoa qualities observedwere motile spermatozoa (MS), live-spermatozoa (LS) and intact-plasma membrane (IPM) thatevaluated daily in refrigerator at temperature of 5oC. Completely Randomized Design with threetreatments and five replications was used in this study. Data was analyzed by analysis of variance.Examination on fresh spermatozoa showed that spermatozoa concentration was 11,222.5 million cell/ml,motile spermatozoa was 75.00%, live-sperm was 86.75%, abnormal spermatozoa was 10.50%,cytoplasmic droplet was 14.00% and IPM was 86.75%. At the seventh day of preservation, thepercentages of MS, LS and IPM in M0.3 were 37.0 %, 49.2% and 50.4%, respectively, and M0.6 were38.05%; 51.8 % and 52.0%, respectively that were significantly higher (P<0.05) than control (29.0%;41.8% and 42.4%, respectively). It was concluded that maltose added into Tris dilution could lengthenepididymal spermatozoa quality of Bali bull which persevered at 50C.
THE USE OF PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS IN IDENTIFYING AND INTEGRATING VARIABLES RELATED TO FORAGE QUALITY AND METHANE PRODUCTION Jayanegara, A.; Makkar, H.P.S.; Becker, K.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 4 (2009): (December)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.4.241-247

Abstract

This research was aimed to explore the use of multivariate statistics i.e. principal componentanalysis (PCA) in identifying and integrating variables related to forage quality and ruminal methaneproduction, and in classifying forage species into both characteristics. Seventeen plants were used as adatabase for the above mentioned purposes. Plant samples were determined for their chemicalcomposition, cumulative gas production (represents the nutrient degradation) and methane productionafter 24 hours of fermentation period using the Hohenheim gas test. The results showed that the PCAcould clearly identify factors related to forage quality and methane production and separated them intodifferent principal components (PC). The obtained PC1 was related to methane production andsubstantially influenced positively by crude protein, NDF, ADF (positive), total phenols, total tannins,condensed tannins and tannin activity (negative). On the other hand, the obtained PC2 was related tocumulative gas production (forage quality) and substantially influenced by crude protein (positive),NDF, ADF and condensed tannins (negative). Classification and screening of forages that have highquality and low methane production are possible using the PCA technique. Rhenum undulatum,Peltiphyllum peltatum and Rhus typhina were found to have such desired characteristics.
THE EFFECT OF CLOVE STEM OIL (Oleum caryophylli) ON THE GROWTH OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM NATIVE CHICKEN, CATTLE AND PIG Poeloengan, M.; Noor, S.M.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 4 (2009): (December)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.4.279-283

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of Clove Stem Oil (Oleum caryophylli) orCSO extracts on the growth of Escherichia coli. A 4 x 3 Factorial Design was applied in this study. Thefirst factor was 4 types of E. coli isolates that collected from native chicken (C), young cattle (A), piglet(B1) and pig (B2), while the second factor was 3 concentrations of CSO extract, that was 50.00, 25.00and 12.50 percents. Fifteen micro liters of CSO extract was dropped in sterile paper disks. These diskwere laid on the MEU agar media previously inoculated with each of the four isolates and wereincubated overnight at 370C. The bacterial growth inhibition zones were observed and measured. Theresults demonstrated that the higher concentration of the CSO extracts, the higher bacterial growthinhibition effects obtained. Fhe growth inhibition effects of the CSO extracts on E. coli isolates C, A, B1and B2 were significantly different at P<0.05. It could be concluded that the CSO extracts were effectiveto control the E. coli growth.
PHYSICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PERFOMANCES OF ACIDIFIED FISH MEAL MADE BY DIPPING INTO EXTRACT SOLUTION OF SAUERKRAUT Sulistiyanto, B.; Nugroho, K.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 4 (2009): (December)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.4.248-252

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to examine the influence of soaking time into extract solution ofSauerkraut on physic and microbial performances of acidified fish meal. Sauerkraut extract (LPS'ssollution) was made by fermentation of wastes vegetable market for 6 days. The LPS-extract was used toacidify " ikan rucah" by the method of dipping for 0, 4 and 8 hours. Changes in pH, the total number ofbacteria, fungi and proteolytic bacteria, moisture content, odor, colour and texture were parametersobserved. Results of experiment showed that total bacteria, fungi and proteolytic bacteria of acidifiedfish meal significantly influenced by soaking time (p <0.05). No significantly effect was shown to thephysically performance. LPS-extract in the soaking effectively reduced content of total bacteria, fungiand proteolytic's bacteria in fish meal.
ESTIMATION OF Na GENE FREQUENCY ON NATIVE CHICKEN POPULATION AND ITS EFFECT ON HATCHABILITY PERFORMANCE Setianto, J.; Warnoto, W.; Triadi, T.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 4 (2009): (December)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.4.284-288

Abstract

The objective of this research was to estimate the Na gene frequency of the native chickenpopulation and its effect on hatchability performance. The research used Native Chickens with Nakedneckphenotype and Normal-feathered Native Chicken, consisted of 16 cocks and 48 hens as the parent.They were put in 4 breeding groups : 1) Breeding group of Legund Cock with Legund Hen (LL); 2)Legund Cock with Normal-feathered Native Hen (LN); 3) Normal-feathered Native Cock with LegundHen (NL); 4) Normal-feathered Native Cock with Normal-feathered Native Hen (NN). Each groupconsisted of 4 replications and each replication consisted of 1 Cock with 3 Hens. CompletelyRandomized Design (CRD) were used to analysis the fertility, hatchability and embryo mortality.Hardy-Weinberg’s Law of Gene equilibrium method was used to find out the spreading estimation of Naand na gene in whole offspring population. Experimental result showed that the breeding groups had noinfluence (P>0.05) on egg fertility, hatchability and embryo mortality. The phenotypes of the offspringof the breeding groups were not deviate from the Mendel’s law. The estimation of the Na gene frequencywas 19.7%.
AMINO ACID PROFILE OF EARTHWORM AND EARTHWORM MEAL (Lumbricus rubellus) FOR ANIMAL FEEDSTUFF Istiqomah, L.; Sofyan, A.; Damayanti, E.; Julendra, H.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 4 (2009): (December)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.4.253-257

Abstract

Earthworm meal (Lumbricus rubellus) has become one of natural material that could be used asfeed additive. Powdering method of earthworm was done by using formic acid addition. The study wascarried out (1) to evaluate the essential amino acid profile of earthworm and earthworm meal, (2) tocalculate the value of essential amino acid index (EAAI) of both materials. A modified EAAI equationwas developed from the essential amino acid profile of earthworm and earthworm meal. The resultshowed that essential amino acid of earthworm was dominated by histidine (0.63% of dry matter basis),meanwhile the earthworm meal was dominated by isoleucine (1.98% of dry matter basis). The nonessential amino acid of earthworm and earthworm meal was dominated by glutamic acid (1.52% and3.60% of dry matter basis respectively). The value of essential amino acid index obtained fromearthworm meal was higher (58.67%) than those from earthworm (21.23%). It is concluded thatpowdering method of earthworm by using formic acid addition had higher amino acid balance thanearthworm.
MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS ON PHENOTYPIC TRAITS OF BODY MEASUREMENT IN SWAMP BUFFALO ( Bubalus bubalis) S. Johari; E. Kurnianto; S. Sutopo; W.A. Hamayanti
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 4 (2009): (December)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.4.289-294

Abstract

The objective of this research was to study the relationship between body measurement and bodyweight and closeness among swamp buffalo at three populations in Central Java. The 110 heads ofswamp buffalo measured were from 29 heads of Pati district, 56 heads of Kudus district, and 25 heads ofSemarang city. Age of buffaloes used was 1-5 years old. The quantitative traits measured were bodyweight ( BW), body length (BL), shoulder height (SH), pelvic height (PH), chest depth (CD), chestcircumference (CC), chest width (CW), Pelvic width (PW), and waist width (WW). The data wasanalyzed by using multivariate procedure of SAS ver 6. The results showed that best equation toestimate BW for male buffalo was Y= - 601,8 + 2,3 BL + 3,4 CD + 2,4 CC, while that for female was Y= - 644,5 + 2,8 BL + 1,6 CD + 2,9 CC. Swamp buffalo in Semarang-Pati showed the closer relationshipscompared to the Pati-Kudus Districts and to Kudus District-Semarang City.
IN VITRO FERMENTABILITY, DEGRADABILITY AND MICROBIAL BIOMASS PRODUCT OF COMPLETE RATION CONTAINING A COMBINATION OF FIELD GRASS, CONCENTRATE AND NUTRIENT RICH SUPPLEMENT Wahyuni, D.S.; Tjakradidjaja, A.S.; Suharyono, S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 4 (2009): (December)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.4.258-264

Abstract

The objective of this experiment was to obtain an optimum combination between field grass,concentrate and Nutrient Rich Supplement (NRS) based on in vitro study using Hohenheim gas test. Theexperimental diets were: R1 (control diet = 70% field grass + 30% concentrate), R2 (70% field grass +25% concentrate + 5% NRS), R3 (70% field grass + 20% concentrate + 10% NRS) and R4 (70% fieldgrass + 15% concentrate + 15% NRS). A randomized block design with four treatments and fourreplications was carried out. Buffalo rumen fluid was taken in different time and was used as block orreplication. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Significant differences amongtreatments were determined by contrast orthogonal. The results showed that total gas production andtotal VFA concentration were highest (P<0.05) in R4 among the treatments. Addition of 15% NRS incomplete ration (R4) increased NH3 concentration 10.34%. Addition of 10% NRS and 15% NRS incomplete ration (R3 and R4) improved the microbial biomass product compared to control and 5% NRSin complete ration (R1 and R2). Dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) degradability weresignificantly higher (P<0.01) in 10% NRS and 5% NRS in complete ration (R3 and R2) compared tocontrol and 15% NRS in complete ration (R1 and R4). It was concluded that combination between 70%field grass, 20% concentrate and 10% NRS in complete ration (R3) was more optimal for improving gasproduction, total VFA, NH3 concentration, microbial biomass product, dry matter degradability andorganic matter degradability, compared to control ration.

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