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Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 19782993     DOI : -
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis (e-ISSN: 1978-2993), an international journal, provides a forum for publishing the novel technologies related to the catalyst, catalysis, chemical reactor, kinetics studies, and chemical reaction engineering.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 524 Documents
Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Multi-Layer Graphene Growth on Co-Ni Oxide/Al2O3 Substrate Using Chemical Vapour Deposition May Ali; Suraya Abdul Rashid; Mohd Nizar Hamidon; Faizah Md Yasin
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 2 Year 2018 (August 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.2.1453.341-354

Abstract

The synthesis and characterization of multilayer graphene (MLG) growth on bimetallic Co-Ni oxide/Al2O3 substrate using chemical vapour deposition (CVD) were investigated. The synthesis of MLG was performed at a temperature range of 700-900 oC. Characterization was carried out using TGA, XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, EDX, XPS, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. The MLG growth on the bimetallic substrate was confirmed by XRD, FESEM, and HRTEM analysis. TGA and Raman spectroscopy analyses indicate the formation of thermally stable and high-quality MLG. The kinetic growth of MLG was investigated by varying the reaction temperature and monitoring the partial pressure of the ethanol (C2H5OH) as well as that of hydrogen. The data obtained were fitted to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model for the estimation of the reaction rate constants at different temperatures. The results showed that the reaction rate constant increased with temperature and the apparent activation energy of 13.72 kJ.mol-1 was obtained indicating a relatively fast rate of MLG growth. The parity plot obtained for the comparison of the predicted and observed rate of C2H5OH consumptions showed an excellent agreement. This study is important for understanding the growth kinetics of MLG in order to develop appropriate measures that can control the production of MLG thin films for use in the electronic industries. 
Electrochemical Study of Copper Ferrite as a Catalyst for CO2 Photoelectrochemical Reduction Kaykobad Md. Rezaul Karim; Huei Ruey Ong; Hamidah Abdullah; Abu Yousuf; Chin Kui Cheng; Mohd. Maksudur Rahman Khan
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 2 Year 2018 (August 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.2.1317.236-244

Abstract

In this work, p-type CuFe2O4 was synthesized by sol gel method. The prepared CuFe2O4 was used as photocathode catalyst for photoelectrochemical (PEC) CO2 reduction. The XRD, UV-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and Mott-Schottky (MS) experiments were done to characterize the catalyst. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) was employed to evaluate the visible light (λ>400 nm) effect of this catalyst for CO2 reduction.  The band gap energy of the catalyst was calculated from the UV-Vis and was found 1.30 eV. Flat band potential of the prepared CuFe2O4 was also calculated and found 0.27 V versus Ag/AgCl. Under light irradiation in the CO2-saturated NaHCO3 solution, a remarkable current development associated with CO2 reduction was found during LSV for the prepared electrode from onset potential -0.89 V with a peak current emerged at -1.01 V (vs Ag/AgCl) representing the occurrence of CO2 reduction reaction. In addition, the mechanism of PEC was proposed for the photocathode where the necessity of a bias potential in the range of 0.27 to ~ -1.0 V vs Ag/AgCl was identified which could effectively inhibit the electron-hole (e-/h+) recombination process leading to an enhancement of CO2 reduction reactions. 
Effects of Platinum and Palladium Metals on Ni/Mg1-xZrxO Catalysts in the CO2 Reforming of Methane Faris Jasim Abdulridha Al-Doghachi
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 2 Year 2018 (August 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.2.1656.295-310

Abstract

Nickel, palladium, and platinum catalysts (1 wt.% each) supported on MgO and MgZrO to prepare Pt,Pd,Ni/Mg1-xZrxO catalysts (where x = 0, 0.03, 0.07, and 0.15), were synthesized by using co-precipitation method with K2CO3 as the precipitant. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), H2-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR), and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to observe the characteristics of the prepared catalysts. The Pt,Pd,Ni/Mg0.85Zr0.15O showed the best activity in dry reforming of methane (DRM) with 99 % and 91 % for CO2 and CH4 conversions, respectively and 1.28 for H2/CO ratio at temperature 900 °C and 1:1 of CH4:CO2 ratio. The stability of Pt,Pd,Ni/Mg0.85Zr0.15O catalyst in the presence and absence of low stream 1.25 % oxygen was investigated. Carbon formation and amount in spent catalysts were examined by TEM and TGA in the presence of stream oxygen. The results showed that the amount of carbon was suppressed and negligible coke formation (less than 3 %) was observed. Several effects were observed with ZrO2 use as a promoter in the catalyst. Firstly, the magnesia cubic phase stabilized. Secondly, thermal stability and support for basicity increased. Thirdly, carbon deposition and the reducibility of Ni2+, Pd2+, and Pt2+ ions decreased. 
Highly Efficient Synthesis of 1-Thioamidoalkyl-2-naphthols and 14-Aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes using a Novel Ionic Liquid: Catalyst Preparation, Characterization and Performing the Reactions Atefeh Saadat; Abdolkarim Zare; Fatemeh Jamadi; Maasoomeh Abdolalipour-Saretoli
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 2 Year 2018 (August 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.2.1280.204-212

Abstract

In this work, a novel Brønsted acidic ionic liquid namely triethylaminium-N-sulfonic acid trifluoroacetate {[TEASA][TFA]} has been synthesized by the reaction of NEt3 with ClSO3H, and then with CF3CO2H. The ionic liquid has been characterized by studying its spectroscopic data (1H and 13C NMR, FT-IR, and mass spectra). Afterward, it has been utilized as a highly effective and general catalyst to promote the following organic reactions in solvent-free conditions: (i) the production of 1-thioamidoalkyl-2-naphthols from arylaldehydes, 2-naphthol and thioacetamide, and (ii) the preparation of 14-aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes from arylaldehydes and 2-naphthol. It is noteworthy that [TEASA][TFA] has catalyzed the reactions under milder conditions relative to most of the reported methods. Moreover, it afforded the both products in higher yields with respect to most of the previous works. 
Kinetic, Mechanistic, and Thermodynamic Studies for Oxidation of L-Alanine by Alkaline Sodium Periodate in Presence of Os(VIII) in its Nano Concentration Range as Homogenous Catalyst Madhu Gupta; Amrita Srivastava; Sheila Srivastava
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 2 Year 2018 (August 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.2.1583.355-364

Abstract

The kinetics and mechanism of homogenously Os(VIII) catalysed oxidation of L-alanine (L-ala) by alkaline sodium periodate in temperature range 30 to 45°C have been studied. The involvement of free radicals was observed in the reactions. The oxidation products were acetaldehyde and IO3-, identified by spot test and spectroscopic studies. The stoichiometry between [L-ala]: IO4- is 1:2. The reaction show negligible effect of mercuric acetate and ionic strength of medium. The experimental results show first order in oxidant [NaIO4] and negative effect of [OH-]. The order in [Os(VIII)] as well as L-alanine was unity. A mechanism involving the formation of complex between L-alanine and Os(VIII) was proposed. The reaction constants concerned in the different steps of mechanism were calculated at different temperature. The activation parameters for the slow step of mechanism were computed and discussed. The thermodynamic quantities were also calculated for the reaction. 
Fe/Indonesian Natural Zeolite as Hydrodeoxygenation Catalyst in Green Diesel Production from Palm Oil Riandy Putra; Witri Wahyu Lestari; Fajar Rakhman Wibowo; Bambang Heru Susanto
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 2 Year 2018 (August 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.2.1382.245-255

Abstract

The Petroleum diesel-based fossil fuel remains the primary source of energy consumption in Indonesia. The utilization of this unrenewable fuel depletes fossil fuels; thus, an alternative, renewable fuel, such as one based on biohydrocarbon from biomass-green diesel-could be an option. In this work, green diesel was produced through the hydrodeoxygenation from palm oil and processed in a batch-stirred autoclave reactor over natural zeolite (NZ) and NZ modified with 3 wt.% Fe metal (Fe/NZ) as heterogeneous catalyst. NZ showed high crystallinity and suitability to the simulated pattern of the mordenite and clinoptilolite phases according to X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The presence of Fe metal was further confirmed by XRD, with an additional small diffraction peak of Fe0 that appeared at 2θ = 44-45°. Meanwhile, NZ and Fe/NZ were also characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), and Surface Area Analyzer (SAA). The obtained materials were tested for the conversion of palm oil into diesel-range hydrocarbons (C15-C18) under conditions of 375 °C and 12 bar H2 for 2 h. NZ and Fe/NZ produced a liquid hydrocarbon with straight-chain (C15-C18) alkanes as the most abundant products. Based on Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) measurement, a higher conversion of palm oil into diesel-like hydrocarbons reached more than 58% and 89%, when NZ and Fe modified NZ (Fe/NZ), respectively were used as catalysts. 
Selective Hydrogenation of Dodecanoic Acid to Dodecane-1-ol Catalyzed by Supported Bimetallic Ni-Sn Alloy Rodiansono Rodiansono; Muhammad Iqbal Pratama; Maria Dewi Astuti; Abdullah Abdullah; Agung Nugroho; Susi Susi
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 2 Year 2018 (August 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.2.1790.311-319

Abstract

Selective hydrogenation of dodecanoic acid over supported bimetallic Ni-Sn alloy catalysts into dodecane-1-ol is demonstrated. Bimetallic nickel-tin supported on titanium oxide (Ni-Sn(1.5)/TiO2) and gamma-alumina (Ni-Sn(1.5)/g-Al2O3); 1.5 = Ni/Sn molar ratio) were synthesized via hydrothermal method in a sealed-Teflon autoclave reactor at 150 oC for 24 h, then followed by reducing with hydrogen gas at 400 oC for 1.5 h. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by means of XRD, IC-AES, N2-adsorption (BET method), H2-chemisorption, and NH3-TPD. Bimetallic Ni-Sn(1.5)/TiO2 catalyst was found to be effective for hydrogenation of dodecanoic acid (>99 % conversion) to dodecane-1-ol (93% yield) at 160 oC, 30 bar H2, and 20 h and the highest dodecane-1-ol (97 % yield) was obtained at initial pressure of H2, 50 bar. An increase of reaction temperature slightly enhanced the degree of hydrodeoxygenation of dodecanoic acid to produce dodecane over both Ni-Sn(1.5)/TiO2 and Ni-Sn(1.5)/g-Al2O3 catalysts. 
Author Guideline (2018) Istadi, Istadi
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 3 Year 2018 (December 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (398.082 KB) | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.3.3545.App.1-App.6

Abstract

Synthesis and Structure of 2D Cobalt(II)-tartrate Hydrate Coordination Polymers Crystallised from Aqueous Solution Mohammad Misbah Khunur; Yuniar Ponco Prananto
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 2 Year 2018 (August 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.2.1342.213-219

Abstract

Cobalt(II)-tartrate hydrate coordination polymer is successfully crystallisedfrom aqueous solution at room temperature. Unlike previous methods, diammonium tartrate was used and reacted directly with an aqueous solution of cobalt(II). Single crystal X-ray and ATR-IR analyses were performed toward the synthesized crystal. The crystal structure displaysa (6,3) 2D sheet which then grow into a 3D hydrogen-bonded network. Tetra- and hexa-dentate dianionic tartaric ligands are observed in the crystal structure, in which the hexadentate ligand connects four different cobalt centres. This method is considered feasible, affordable, and simple for the production of functional polymeric cobalt(II)-tartrate hydrate. 
Thermal Degradation Kinetics of Capsaicin on Blanching-Brine-Calcium Pretreatment Red Chili Pepper Drying Uma Fadzilia Arifin; Mohamad Djaeni
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 2 Year 2018 (August 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.2.1660.365-372

Abstract

Post-harvest red chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens) has highly capsaicin as bioactive compound and moisture content. However, capsaicin is the responsible bioactive compound in chili for hot sensation that easy to degrade by partial oxidation caused introduction of heat in drying process. The objective of this research was to investigate kinetics of capsaicin degradation in the drying process under blanching-brine-calcium pretreatment and various temperatures. For this purposes, chili provided local farmer was pretreated using blanching-brine-calcium pretreatment. Afterward, they were dried at 40, 50, 60, and 70 oC for 8 hours. Degradation of capsaicin content was observed every 2 hours using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Results showed kinetics of capsaicin degradation was categorized as second order reaction. At the same temperature and time, capsaicin retention of blanching-brine-calcium pretreated chili has highest value. The temperature dependence of the capsaicin degradation rate was analyzed using Arrhenius correlation. The activation energy for degradation rate of capsaicin during drying was around 45.10367 kJ/mol.K. It indicated the degradation rate increased as well as increased the temperature at the same time. 

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