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Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2656243X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkptb
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem (JKPTB) (ISSN: 2656-243X) has published the state-of-art articles which focus on both fundamental studies and applied engineering including Power and Agricultural Machinery, Mechatronics and Agro-industrial Machinery, Food and Post-Harvest Technology and Soil and Water Engineering. By providing an update issue and current topic in agricultural technology field, JKPTB becomes the reference for many scientist and stakeholders who work on Agricultural Engineering
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): April 2026" : 12 Documents clear
Analysis of Time Periodicity of Sand Cyclone Flushing for Reduce Sand Impurities at Palm Oil Mill Clarification Stations Renjani, Rengga Arnalis; Syahputra, Ridho Kukuh; Safitri, Lisma; Dharmawati, Nuraeni Dwi
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Palm oil mills used sand cyclones to reduce the sand content in sludge. High sand content (>5% in samples) and low efficiency caused pipe erosion, potential damage to decanter machines, increased maintenance costs, and reduced equipment lifespan. This study aimed to analyze the impact of flushing periodicity on the sand content in the sand cyclone outputs and to determine the optimal flushing periodicity. The experiment was conducted with six flushing time variations (P0 to P5) tested on sand cyclone 1 (SC1) and sand cyclone 2 (SC2). For SC1: P0 had a flushing time of 3.75 minutes, while P1, P2, and P3 were set at 4.25 minutes, and P4 and P5 at 4.75 minutes. For SC2, P0 had 7.50 minutes, P1 was 7.00 minutes, P2 was 7.50 minutes, P3 was 8 minutes, P4 was 7.50 minutes, and P5 was 8.00 minutes. Each treatment was replicated six times. The observed parameters included flushing water requirement, residual oil content, emulsion, moisture content, non-oil solids (NOS), and sand content. The results indicated that flushing periodicity significantly affected flushing water consumption, residual oil levels, emulsion formation, moisture content, NOS, and sand separation. The optimal flushing periodicity was able to reduce sand content in the sand cyclone overflow to 2.50%. To achieve maximum efficiency, a flushing frequency of 15 times per hour with a duration of 4.25 minutes is required for SC1, while for SC2 a flushing frequency of 8 times per hour with a duration of 7.50 minutes is required.
The Effect of Adding Banana Stem Fiber on the Characteristics of Seaweed-Based Bioplastic with Glycerol as a Plasticizer Hermitha, Ami Diana; Bulkiah, Siti; Subagiyo, Lambang; Nuryadin, Atin
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

The development of biodegradable plastics offers a sustainable alternative to conventional plastics, made using easily degradable materials such as cellulose-containing materials found in seaweed and banana stem fibers. Six tests were conducted, namely tensile testing, absorption testing, biodegradation testing, folding testing, thickness testing, and density testing. The tensile strength test showed the highest value in the seaweed sample at 0.138 MPa. The absorption test indicated that both the seaweed and banana stem fiber samples had lower absorption capacity. The biodegradation test showed that both samples degraded within four days. In the folding test, both types of bioplastics showed excellent flexibility without cracking or tearing. The thickness of the bioplastic increased, with the seaweed-based bioplastic measuring 0.0636 mm and the banana stem fiber-based bioplastic measuring 0.1744 mm. The density of the bioplastic also increased significantly from 120 kg/m³ to 1,200 kg/m³. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the addition of banana stem fiber improves the physical and mechanical properties of bioplastic, making it a potential alternative to environmentally friendly plastic.
Performance Evaluation of a 7000 Liter FiberGlass Biodigester for Biogas Production Khalil, Fakhrul Irfan; Amuddin; Widhiantari, Ida Ayu; Ridho, Rosyid; Zulfikar, Wahyudi
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the operational performance of a 7000-liter fiberglass biodigester that was revitalized and modified at the Power and Agricultural Machinery Laboratory, Faculty of Food Technology and Agroindustry, University of Mataram. The fiberglass biodigester was developed as an alternative to conventional concrete biodigesters, which are prone to structural damage and exhibit limited operational efficiency, particularly in earthquake-prone regions. The research was conducted as an observational case study through performance monitoring of the biodigester during 40 days of continuous operation following system repair and modification. Cow manure was used as the substrate, mixed with water at a 1:2 ratio (by volume). The monitored parameters included fermentation temperature, substrate pH, gas pressure, daily biogas volume, gas composition, and combustion quality. The results showed that the biodigester operated stably at temperatures ranging from 27 to 31 °C and near-neutral pH conditions, with a maximum daily biogas production of 4.43 m³/day and an average of 1.73 m³/day throughout the monitoring period. The methane content ranged from 52 to 61%, while hydrogen sulfide concentration was reduced to approximately 150 ppm after gas purification, indicating that the biogas was suitable for combustion with a heating value of up to 21 MJ/m³. These findings demonstrate that the fiberglass biodigester exhibits good operational performance and has strong potential for application as a renewable energy system at campus and community scales, supporting sustainable livestock waste management.
Effects of Static and Dynamic LED Lighting Systems with Spectral Variations on the Morphological Growth of Sugar Apple (Annona squamosa) Seedlings Defitrianida, Asyhuriyah Wardah
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Seedling production is an important stage for tropical fruit crops, including sugar apple (Annona squamosa), and is strongly influenced by light quality. Light fluctuations in tropical environments often inhibit seedling growth, indicating the need for a more stable lighting system. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of LED design models and light spectra on the morphology of sugar apple seedlings. The experiment used a two-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of LED models (static and dynamic) and light spectra (blue, red, and white), with eight replications for each treatment. The study was conducted in a screenhouse with 60% shading. Observed parameters included plant height, leaf number, stem diameter, canopy width, root length, and biomass. The results showed that the static system provided the best relationship with canopy development (R² = 0.757), while the dynamic system produced higher light intensity but had the potential to cause photochemical stress. White light gave the best growth response (R² = 0.851), followed by red, whereas blue showed the lowest relationship. Correlation analysis indicated that static lighting supported more stable vegetative growth. Overall, static LED with white spectrum was the most effective combination for early growth of sugar apple seedlings under the conditions of this study and is recommended for tropical fruit seedling production.
Shelf-Life Prediction of Beluntas and Seaweed Vegetable Leather Using the Arrhenius Model: Effect of Packaging Types on Chemical Parameters and Browning Index Brilian, Chintia Agrefina; Astuti, Sussi; Sartika, Dewi; Suharyono; Hidayati, Sri
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Beluntas (Pluchea indica Less) leaves possess significant potential as functional food ingredients, yet their storage stability in vegetable leather form requires rigorous quantification. This study analytically determines the shelf life of beluntas and seaweed vegetable leather using a kinetic modeling approach based on the Accelerated Shelf Life Testing (ASLT) Arrhenius model. A two-factor experimental design evaluated three packaging systems (Aluminum Foil, Aluminum Foil-Polyethylene, and Polypropylene) across three isothermal conditions (30, 35 and 40 °C). Quality degradation was monitored via protein content, Vitamin C, and browning index at 7 day intervals for 28 days. Statistical regression was performed using the Data Analysis Toolpak to ensure model reliability. Kinetic analysis revealed that vitamin C degradation, identified as the critical quality indicator, followed first-order kinetics. The model was validated by high coefficients of determination (R2 up to 0.9721) and low Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values (0.0352–0.1738). The calculated activation energy (Ea) ranged from 14.72 to 19.44 kJ/mol, explaining the product's temperature sensitivity. At 30 °C, the predicted shelf life was 16.87 days for aluminum foil, 12.96 days for combination packaging, and 9.96 days for polypropylene.
Effect of Candelilla Wax Concentration and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (NP-ZnO) on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Carrageenan-Based Edible Films Setyadi Gumaran; Linda Safitri; Zunanik Mufidah
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

This study focuses on the analysis of carrageenan-based edible films with the addition of candelilla wax and zinc oxide nanoparticles (NP-ZnO) and their effects on physical and mechanical properties. The edible films were formulated using kappa carrageenan and additional ingredients such as Tween 60, Span 60, glycerol, and distilled water. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of two factors NP-ZnO as the first factor with consentrate levels of 1, 2, 3%, resulting in 9 treatment combinations with 3 replications. The data analysis was performed using the software minitab to obtain mean values and standard deviations, which were presented in graphical form for the physical and mechanical property results. The edible film was cast into plastic petri dishes nd then dried in an oven at 50 °C for 2 days. The observed parameters included thickness, color, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), water absorption capacity (WAC), water solubility (WS), tensile strength, and elongation. The results showed that the addition of candelilla wax and NP-ZnO affected the physical and mechanical properties of the film. Increasing the concentration of candelilla wax and NP-ZnO increased the thickness value from 0.078 to 0.1 mm and increased the ?E value from 19.67 to 23.57. Meanwhile, the WAC value decreased from 82.65% to 63.95%, the WS value decreased from 84.43 to 66.80%, and the WVTR value decreased from 22.5 to 19.56 5 g/m2.d. in contrast, tensile strength increased from 1.831 to 4.6 MPa, while the elongation value decreased from 48.93 to 28.25%.
Chemical, Physical and Sensory Characteristics of Powdered Drinks in Various Formulations of Pineapple Juice and Sweet Orange Juice Astuti, Sussi; Mutiara Jayanti, Rienda; Nurainy, Fibra; Rizal, Samsul; Widaputri, Silaturahmi; Indraningtyas, Lathifa
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Fruit powdered drink products can be made by combining pineapple juice (SN) and sweet orange juice (SJ). This study aims to evaluate the chemical, physical, and organoleptic characteristics of powder beverages with various SN and SJ compositions, and determine the optimal formulation. The research method used a Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with one factor repeated four times. The factor studied was the ratio of SN and SJ in six levels: 100%:0% (P1), 80%:20% (P2), 60%:40% (P3), 40%:60% (P4), 20%:80% (P5), and 0%:100% (P6). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 5% significance level. Results showed that SN and SJ combinations significantly influenced chemical, physical and sensory parameters. The P5 formulation (20% SN: 80% SJ) was selected as the optimal treatment with the best characteristics across all tested parameters.
N and P Nutrient Uptake Efficiency with Various Combinations of Organic and Biological Fertilization in Biosaline Rice Crops in Saline Soil Sahlan, Nabilah Nur Fikriyyah; Susilowati, Lolita Endang; Dewi, Rika Andriati Sukma
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Salt-affected soils are marginal environments that constrain plant growth by reducing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability and uptake efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of integrated fertilization combining inorganic, organic, and biofertilizers on N and P uptake and nutrient use efficiency in Biosalin rice grown under saline conditions. The experiment was conducted in West Lombok, Indonesia, using a randomized complete block design with nine treatments and three replications. Measured parameters included canopy dry weight, nutrient content, nutrient uptake, and recovery efficiency of N and P. The results showed that treatment M8 (50% inorganic fertilizer + cattle manure + phosphate-solubilizing bacteria + ACC-deaminase) produced the highest biomass and nutrient use efficiency. In contrast, treatment M4 resulted in the highest nutrient uptake but lower efficiency. These findings indicate that greater nutrient uptake does not necessarily translate into improved plant growth under saline conditions, and that nutrient use efficiency is a more critical determinant of plant performance. The integration of organic and biofertilizers significantly enhanced nutrient efficiency and enabled a 50% reduction in inorganic fertilizer application. Therefore, integrated fertilization represents a more efficient and sustainable strategy for rice cultivation in salt-affected soils.
Physical Quality of Drying Curcuma Products as Raw Material for Curcuma Herbal Dip Ning Puji Lestari; Syifa Putri Rafika Wati; Nur Ida Winni Yosika; Iwan Taruna; Dian Purbasari; Sutarsi
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Curcuma is a rhizome widely used as herbal medicine due to its various health benefits, including increasing appetite and promoting overall health. Herbal medicine in liquid form has a limited shelf life at room temperature and specific refrigeration temperatures. These limitations make traditional herbal medicine difficult to reach a broader market, necessitating alternatives with longer shelf lives, such as herbal tea bags. This study was conducted to investigate the drying of curcuma into curcuma powder packaged in filter paper, making it more convenient for brewing and longer-lasting. The drying of curcuma in this study utilized a microwave. In addition to being influenced by microwave power, the quality of curcuma dissolution is also affected by geometric shape variability. The results of the study showed bulk density values between 0.54-0.61 g/mL; solubility values of 99.56-99.62%; moisture content of 9-11.33%; brightness levels of 21.05-28.96; redness levels of 1.42-2.53; and yellowness levels of 5.00-6.41. Microwave power significantly influenced all parameters, while geometric shape only affected brightness, redness, and yellowness. The best treatment combination is 3.49 mm (medium) and microwave power of 322 W (low).
Physicochemical Properties of Green Tea Ice Cream Using Whipped cream and Beneng Taro Flour Substitution (Xanthosoma Undipes K.Koch) Satar, Ibdal; Ratna Timur, Farradila Caesar
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

The integration of Beneng taro (TB) flour and green tea (TH) powder into ice cream represents a promising approach to developing functional food products. TB flour has a high starch and relatively low fat, making it a potential thickening and stabilizing agent, as well as a fat replacer, for substituting whipped cream (Wh-C). Meanwhile, TH powder is rich in polyphenols, contributing antioxidant properties that may enhance the functional value of the product. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of substituting Wh-C with TB flour on the physicochemical properties of ice cream. The experiment was conducted using a one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five formulation ratios of Wh-C and TB flour: F0 (100:0), F1 (75:25), F2 (50:50), F3 (25:75), and F4 (0:100). Physicochemical parameters analyzed included overrun, melting time, moisture content, fat content, protein content, carbohydrate content, ash content, and antioxidant activity (IC50). Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA with SPSS version 23. The results showed that the physicochemical properties of ice cream were within the following ranges: overrun (11.83–58.59%), melting time (26.61–54.88 minutes), moisture (51.16–72.15%), ash (1.33–1.51%), fat (3.35–14.75%), protein (3.48–4.27%), carbohydrate (8.29–39.72%), and antioxidant activity (IC50: 102.19–110.42 ppm). The TB flour can be utilized as a potential fat replacer and functional ingredient in ice cream formulation, while TH powder enhances its antioxidant properties. The combination of both ingredients contributes to the development of a healthier ice cream product with improved functional value

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