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Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 14115131     EISSN : 25282794     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya untuk penyebarluasan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh para peneliti dari dalam dan luar Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian terbit tiga kali dalam setahun, memuat tulisan hasil penelitian yang termasuk dalam lingkup disiplin ilmu pengetahuan yang terkait dengan Ilmu-ilmu Teknologi Pertanian guna menunjang pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi serta pembangunan nasional.
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Articles 578 Documents
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High-Tocopherol Fraction from Rice Bran (Oryza sativa) Prepared by Low-Temperature Solvent Crystallization Technique Cahyanine, Miradiah; Estiasih, Teti; Nisa, Fithri Choirun
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 9, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Rice bran is by product form rice milling. Rice bran has good nutrition value, such as rich of vitmamin E. Indonesia has a very great amount of rice bran but has not been explored yet. The aim of this research was to know  how influence of temperatur and crystallisation duration to tocopherol rich fraction characteristic, and to determine the effective temperature and duration of crystallization in tocopherol purification from rice bran, through solvent crystallization technique in low temperature. This research was conducted by Randomized Block Design with 2 factors. First factor was crystallization temperature (0 and 10°C) and second factors was duration of crystallization (24, 30 and 36 hours). Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The result was analyzed using analysis of variance and continued by LSD and DMRT.Tocopherol content increased from rice bran oil, unsaponifiable matters, and high tocopherol fraction.  Temperature of crystallization significantly affected antioxidant activity, free fatty acid content, and peroxide value.  Time of crystallization affected tocopherol concentration, antioxidant activity, and peroxide value.  The best treatment was obtained from temperature of crystallization of 0°C and crystallization time of 24 hours.   The characteristics of this fraction was tocopherol concentration of 17.84%, antioxidant activity of 38.42%, free fatty acid content of 2.28%, peroxide value of 6.45 meq/kg, and color value of 100.Keywords: tocopherol, rice bran, crystalization, solvent, unsaponifiable fraction
Tempeh Inoculum Application Test of Rhizopus oryzae with Rice and Cassava Flour as Substrate at Sanan Tempeh Industries – Kodya Malang Sukardi, Sukardi; Wignyanto, Wignyanto; Purwaningsih, Isti
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 9, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

This research was designed to obtain high quality dried tempeh inoculum (powder) and to know the best level of inoculum for small medium industrial scale.  Also it was designed to know the preference of consumers.  Experimental design employed in this research was completely randomized design comprosed of one factor i.e. the level of R. oryzae concentration consisted of 0.9% w/w; 0.7% w/w; 0.5% w/w; 0.3% w/w; and 0.1% w/w.  The initial R. oryzae spore of the starter was 1,3x107 cfu/g.  The best treatment was determided by multiple atribute method.  The application test of the best inoculum was done at 3 tempeh small industries and the produced tempeh was analyzed by sensory test.The best level of R. oryzae pure culture addition was 0.5% based on substrate weight, and the total microbial of dried inoculum was 8.02 x 107 cfu/g (7.90 log cfu/g) with the percentage of viable mold after I month was 89,52%.  The total number of mold after mixing with rice flour was 3.04 x 107 cfu/g (6.893 log cfu/g), the percentage of viable mold was 90.92%, and the percentage of contaminating bacterium was 41.75%.  The end piece of cassava could be used as substrate for tempeh inoculum production from pure culture of R. oryzae and it had yield of 41.70% and moisture content of 6.57%.   The best addition of R. oryzae inoculum in producing tempeh was 0.15%, and the consumers preference of texture was 8,07 (like very much), the appearance was 7,67 (like), color  was 7.47 (like), the aroma was 7.47 (like), and taste was 8 (like very much).Keywords: tempeh inoculum, pure culture, dried inoculum, tempeh industries
The Study on Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor. L Moench) Soaking and Germination Time to Produce Low Tannin and Phytic Acid Flour Narsih, Narsih; Yunianta, Yunianta; Harijono, Harijono
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 9, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Flour sorghum has not been exploited widely for food product such as other cereal flour because of the content of phytic acid and tannin in the seed. The modification of flour processing could reduce tannin and phytic content which could increase the flour quality. Time of soaking and seed germination have an important role for the production of high quality flour. The  purpose of this research was to study the appropriate treatments of soaking time and  seed germination to reduce tannin and phytic acid content.This study was carried out using factorial randomized block design with two factors, which were soaking time (24, 48 and 72 hours) and germination time (12, 24 and 36 hours).  Data was analyzed by Anova and continued by Least Significant Difference  or Duncan Multiple Range Test.The result showed that the soaking time of 72 hours and the germination time of 36 hours had the lowest tannin and phytic acid content which were 0.75% and 3.10 mg/g respectively. The low tannin and phyitic acid flour was applied on muffin bread.The sensory test of muffin hedonic scale score showed that the panelist stated like for color and slihtly like for texture.Keywords: sorghum, soaking, germination, tannin, phytic acid
Study on the Growth of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from Dadih in Ice Cream as Probiotic Food Ambri, Khairul; Kusnadi, Joni; Putri, Widya Dwi Rukmi
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 10, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Dadih is West Sumatera traditional food made by natural fermentation of buffalo milk in bamboo which contains some Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB).  Some of these bacteria in dadih have probiotic characteristic therefore can be used as probiotic resources.  LAB have good effect on the health if they fulfill qualitative and quantitative requirement as probiotic, such as viable and able to maintain their viability during consumption with minimum number of cell of 1X106 CFU/ml.  One of the effort to maintain viability of LAB  and to have minimum quantitative requirement of LAB as probiotic food is LAB from dadih is cultivated in suitable media.  Ice cream is one of an appropriate media for LAB from dadih to grow.The research was conducted in Randomized Block Design with two factors.  The first factor was incubation time consisted of three levels: 0, 5, and 10 hour, whether second factor was aging time consisted of three levels: 24, 48, and 72 hours.Preliminary experiment showed that LAB from dadih grew well in ice cream.  Initial number of LAB in ice cream mix after addition of 5% starter was 5.5 x 107 CFU/ml whether average number of LAB in final product (ice cream) were in range of 8.9 x 107 CFU/ml – 7.8 x 1013 CFU/ml.  The result showed that the best treatment based on microbiological and physicochemical characteristic was treatment with incubation time of 10 hours and aging time of 72 hours.  The characteristics of the ice cream were as followed: total number of LAB of 7.76 x 1013 CFU/ml; total sugar of 2.06%; total acid of 0.76%; pH of 4.93; overrun of 11.45% and melting rate of 0,99 g/min whether the best treatment based on sensory characteristic had total amount of LAB of 2.04 x 1011 CFU/ml; total sugar of 2.23%; total acid of 0.72%; pH of 5.07; overrun of 13.04%, and melting rate of 1.00 g/min.Keywords: dadih, probiotic, incubation time, aging time
Decreasing Effectiveness of Organic and Inorganic Material in Liquid Waste of Leather Tanning by Using Waterlettuce (Pistia statiotes L.) as Biofilter Mustaniroh, Siti Asmaul; Wignyanto, Wignyanto; S., Bernardus Endi
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 10, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

This objective of the research was to know the ability of waterlettuce to decrease organic and inorganic materials in liquid waste of leather tanning, to know detention time needed by waterlettuce in decreasing organic and inorganic material, and to know the effectiveness of waterlettuce as biofilter compared to Eichhornia crassipes.  The research used completely randomized design with ten treatments (based on 10 days planed-detention time), with three replication.  Purified liquid waste was analyzed including pH value, BOD, DO, TSS and chromium content.  The data was analyzed using Test F on 5% significant level and Turkey Test.  Effectiveness analysis was used to know the range of waterlettuce effectiveness compared to Eichhornia crassipes. The results showed that waterlettuce (Pistia statiotes L.) as biofilter in liquid waste of leather tanning decreased pH value 39.25 %, BOD 67.05%; DO 72.24%, TSS 60.31%, and chromium content 74.51%.  Detention time of waterlettuce in decreasing organic and inorganic material in liquid waste of leather tanning was ten days.  Effectiveness of Waterlettuce as biofilter in liquid waste of leather tanning to decrease organic and inorganic is 99.33% of pH; 100.65% of BOD; 119.70% of DO; 10.16% of TSS and 103.05% of chromium content.Keywords: effectiveness, waterlettuce, biofilter, detention time
Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Cabbage and Their Potensial Inhibition to Pathogenic Bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, dan Salmonella thypimurium) Purwohadisantoso, Kristian; Zubaidah, Elok; Saparianti, Ella
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 10, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Today, the growth of food industries has encouraged significant role of lactic acid bacteria for food processing such as for producing antibacterial agent. Cabbage is one of lactic acid bacteria sources.  However, the pathogenic bacterial inhibition capability of lactic acid bacteria isolated from cabbage is still unknown.  Also its ability to produce bacteriocin has not been elucidated.  This research is aimed to isolate and to confirm lactic acid bacteria from cabbage, as well as to study their ability to inhibit certain pathogenic bacteria.  The results showed that there were 8 lactic acid bacteria isolates wuth characteristics as follow: the morphology was round, white color, and classified as positive gram bacteria, negative catalase test, not capable to produce gas.  They were supposed as homofermentatitive lactic acid bacteria. All of isolates could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Eschericia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella typhimurium. K512 isolate had the highest capability to inhibit the growth of Eschericia coli (inhibition diameter of 11.53 mm) and Salmonella typhimurium  (inhibition diameter of 11.60 mm).  K45 isolate had the highest ability to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus  (inhibition diameter of 10.53 mm). K41 isolate had the growth inhibition capability to Listeria monocytogenes  (inhibition diameter of 11.67 mm). Bacteriocin producing test showed that all of the isolates had no growth inhibition to four tested pathogenic bacteria.Keywords: isolation, lactic acid bacteria, antimicrobial activity, bacteriocin
Pattern Interception of Coffee Plants in The Laboratory Scale Using the Rainfall Simulator with the Quite Heavy – Heavy Rain Intensity Naimah, Lilik Imron; Wirosoedarmo, Ruslan; Rahadi, J. Bambang
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 9, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Hydrology is the science of learning and the provision of movement under and upper water on the earth surface.  There are many events in the hydrological cycles such as infiltration, percolation, run off, evaporation, transpiration, and interception. The interception is the event where rainfall felt on the vegetation of land surface is retained for a moment before evaporation into the atmosphere.  Interception is influenced some factors which are plant species, plant age, canopy shape, canopy with, leaf position. Therefore the existence of the canopy can inhibit rainfall to fall   on the land surface.Research on the interception is still limited. Generally, the value of interception is small, but it highly influences the occurrence of erosion.  This research was conducted to determine the magnitude of interception by simulation model.  The modeling used rainfall simulator as a tool. The objectives of this research were to know the relationship between the amount of rainfall and interception on coffee plants and to know the interception feature pattern of coffee plants using rainfall simulator.  The research used 3 heights of the plants, 3 rain conditions, and 5 densities of the plants (50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 90%). The data obtained was analyzed by statistical analysis.  It was aimed to determine the relationship between variables assessed. Interception pattern of coffee plants based on density increased as the plant density increased.  The plant density of 90% had the highest interception value for each plant height. The magnitude of interception of coffee plants based on rainfall conditions which were quite heavy (intensity of 66,294 mm/hour), heavy-1 (intensity of 93,116 mm/hour) and heavy-2 (intensity of 133,35 mm/hour), showed the interception increased as the intensity increased.  The interception and precipitation showed positive correlation and logarithmic relationship.Keywords: hydrology, interception, rainfall simulator, simulation
The Cropping Pattern Design for Irrigated Area (Case Study in Molek Irrigation That Using Solver Program) Rahadi, Bambang; Hastari, Sri
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 10, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

The Molek irrigated area is watered from Blobo dam with discharge range 6811.106 1/s to 7563.470 1/s that watering farming area of 3974 ha, with the labor of 33219 HP/periode and the tractor power of 48619 HP/period.  The water availability, labor, and land area are limited resources, therefore it is the reason why the optimum management is needed to gain maximum profit.  Solver program that is set in extention microsoft exel can be used for optimation.  The aim of this research is to find out optimalization cropping pattern and maximum profit of the the limited water availability, labor, and land area.The study showed that Molek irrigated had optimum cropping pattern as followed: (1) Paddy¬-paddy-paddy cropping pattern was 3400 ha, paddy-paddy-palawija was 305 ha, suger cane was 49 ha, (2) The maximun profit of the three patterns was Rp. 115.196.679.500, (3) The water availability and labor in Molek irrigated was sufficient for the pattern of paddy-paddy-paddy of 3400 ha.Keywords: optimation, cropping pattern, water availability
The Calibration and Performance Evaluation of Rainfall Simulator Rahadi, Bambang; Soemarno, Soemarno; Masrevaniah, Aniek; Priyono, Sugeng
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 9, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Rainfall simulator is important for studying hydrology and erosion in laboratory.  The most important parameter for studying the performance of rainfall simulator is rain intensity, drop size distribution, drop mass, drop impact velocity, and kinetic energy.  They are evaluated by uniformity coefficient (UC) and distribution uniformity (DU). This research was aimed to study the functional performance of rainfall simulator including determination of the correlation between pressure with rainfall parameters (rain intensity, drop size distribution, and kinetic energy) and rainfall simulator performance evaluation based on uniformity coefficient and distribution uniformity.  The data was analyzed by using linear regression and evaluated by uniformity coefficient and distribution uniformity.The result showed that pressure had linear relationship with rain intensity, diameter drop distribution, drop impact velocity, dropped mass, and kinetic energy.  The coefficient uniformity (CU) of the pressure 2.5 psi-6.5 psi  more than 80% and the distribution uniformity (DU) more than 70%. The rainfall simulator had better performance at the pressure of 2.5 psi than 6.5 psi.Keywords: rainfall, simulator, performance
The Optimization of NaOH and Cassava Starch Concentration on The Quality of Art Paper from Banana Leaves Sucipto, Sucipto; Wijana, Susinggih; Wahyuningtyas, Erly
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 10, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

The main purpose of this research was to find out the optimum concentration of NaOH and cassava starch on the production of art paper from the banana leaves. The central composite design in Response Surface Methodology was used with two factors i.e. NaOH (b/v) and cassava starch concentration, and 5 times repetition at central point.  The data was analyzed using design expert DX7.0.3, the organoleptic test used t-test, and financial analysis was conducted on HPP, BEP, PP, and NPV. The result showed that NaOH and cassava starch concentration affected the tearing strength value and tensile strength. The optimum process reached on NaOH concentration of 0.50% b/v and the cassava starch concentration of 0.39% b/v.  The organoleptic test showed that most of the panelist preferred paper appearance and the thickness.  By the investment of Rp. 45.9198.419,00 and 500 sheets production capacity per day, the HPP value was Rp. 427,92.  With the selling price of Rp. 599,06 per sheet, the financial analysis was as followed: BEP was 47.514,38 sheet that equal to Rp. 28.465.353,32 or 32.99%; PP was 2 years 11 month and 6 days,  and NPV was Rp. 56.474.249,06.Keywords : art paper, banana leaves,  optimization,  financial analysis

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