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Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20861761     EISSN : 24776068     DOI : 10.21776
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan is a scientific journal published regularly twice per year by Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya. The paper submitted in this journal covers the fields of Water Resources Information System, Water Resources Conservation, Water Resources Utilization and Efficiency, Water Structure Engineering Planning and Water Resources Engineering Basic Knowledge. The submitted paper can be a summary of research reports or scientific literature review. The language used in this journal is either English or Indonesian.
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 17 no. 1 (2026)" : 10 Documents clear
Study of Floods and Drainage Management in Sukawati District Suryanti, Irma; Indah Dianti Putri, Putu
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pengairan.2026.017.01.2

Abstract

The Sukawati District experiences frequent flooding during the rainy season due to the drainage canals’ inability to handle peak flood discharge. The canals’ insufficient capacity, compounded by sediment and garbage accumulation, results in water overflowing the canals’ freeboards. This study aims to characterize the inundation and drainage issues in Sukawati District. Both primary and secondary data are utilized for analysis. The methodology includes field surveys, identification of inundation and flood-prone areas, inventory of the existing drainage system, hydrological and hydraulic analysis, and drainage network planning. The findings reveal 38 inundation sites within Sukawati District, with inundation durations ranging from 50 minutes to 24 hours. The inundation depth ranges from 15 to 200 cm, and the frequency of occurrence ranges from 1 to 10 times per year. The prioritization of drainage management is based on flooding characteristics, economic losses, social disturbances, impacts on government facilities, transportation disruptions, and damage to residential areas. Recommendations include normalizing the existing canals using appropriately sized river stone pairs to enhance water discharge capacity, particularly during rainy periods.  
Hydrologic Performance Analysis of a Coastal Reservoir for Urban Flood Management Emir Hansen Pasaribu, David; Sisinggih, Dian
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pengairan.2026.017.01.5

Abstract

Jakarta continues to experience severe flooding due to extreme rainfall and limitations in existing flood‑control infrastructure. As part of the city’s integrated coastal defense system, the East Side Coastal Reservoir (ESCR) is intended to function as the final component after upstream dams, levees, retarding basins, and estuary water gates. Its effectiveness, however, depends on whether its reservoir storage capacity can accommodate extreme flood volumes generated within the catchment area. This study assesses the hydrologic performance of the ESCR by estimating flood volumes for return periods of 2, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200, and 1000 years. The methodology integrates spatial analysis using Google Earth Pro and QGIS to derive catchment characteristics, including DEM‑based topography and soil type data, followed by hydrologic modeling using HEC‑HMS. Flood volumes were computed using the water‑loss method and compared against the reservoir storage capacity. Results show that the ESCR provides 145 million m³ of storage, whereas the 1000‑year return‑period flood generates 297 million m³ of runoff. Thus, the reservoir can accommodate only 48.87% of the extreme event, indicating limited effectiveness for large‑magnitude floods. These findings offer important insight for future coastal reservoir planning and design in Jakarta.
Optimization of Way Rarem Reservoir Operation with Dynamic Program Adhi Putra, Ginanjar; Dermawan, Very
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pengairan.2026.017.01.6

Abstract

Way Rarem Reservoir, located in North Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, is a multipurpose reservoir that supplies water for 15,080 hectares of irrigation area and provides flood control for the downstream region. For more than 30 years of operation, the Way Rarem reservoir has followed a conventional operating policy, which is now irrelevant given current conditions. An improvement in the performance of the Rarem reservoir is required. This study aims to improve reservoir performance by optimizing the reservoir operation policy. This study applied a deterministic dynamic program to optimize the reservoir operation policy using CSUDP and compared its performance with the existing operation. The optimization model can increase reliability by 2.93%. The optimization model also showed a higher resiliency value (3.08) than the existing operation (0.49) and a lower Tfail value (4.54) than the existing one (4.67). The optimization model showed a lower total deficit (629.22 MCM) than the existing (698.69 MCM) for vulnerability. It also has a smaller average deficit (1.95 MCM) than the existing (8.32) for every failure state. However, the optimization model showed a larger maximum deficit (34.55 MCM) than the existing (22.11 MCM).
Development of Synthetic Unit Hydrograph Parameters from the Influence of Watershed Form Factor Hayati, Maulida; Montarcih Limantara, Lily; Prasetyorini, Linda
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pengairan.2026.017.01.4

Abstract

The Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (HSS) is a predictive model used in hydrological analysis to estimate river flow response due to design rainfall, playing an important role in water infrastructure planning and flood mitigation strategies. This study aims to develop HSS parameters by quantitatively analyzing the relationships between the Watershed Form Factor (FD), peak discharge (Qp), and peak time (Tp). The study covered 10 watersheds on Java Island, which were selected to represent a wider and more diverse range of hydrological characteristics. The methods used include morphometric analysis to determine FD as a ratio between the area and perimeter of the watershed, hydrograph analysis to obtain unit hydrographs in each watershed/subwatershed, and statistical correlation analysis to examine the relationship between FD and hydrographs. The results showed that FD has a significant negative linear relationship with Qp (R = -0.802) and Tp (R = -0.820), indicating that the larger the watershed shape, the smaller the FD value, leading to an increase in peak discharge and peak time. This finding has significant implications for the development of the SUH model, particularly in watersheds with limited hydrological data. By including FD in the SUH parameter formulation, hydrograph estimation becomes more accurate, supports water resources planning, and improves the effectiveness of flood mitigation strategies and drainage system design.
Spatial Changes of Land Use Using Landsat Data in Banjir Kanal Timur Watershed Semarang City Azzahra, Arrum; Andawayanti, Ussy; Suhartanto, Ery
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pengairan.2026.017.01.1

Abstract

This study analyzes land use and land cover (LULC) changes in the Banjir Kanal Timur Watershed, Semarang City, from 2004 to 2024, utilizing multi-temporal Landsat data and GIS-based supervised classification methods. This research focuses on a medium-sized tropical coastal city in Indonesia that has received little attention in previous LULC studies, particularly over a two-decade period. The East Flood Canal was selected because of its strategic role and vulnerability to unregulated land-use change, making it an ideal case study to assess the impacts of urban sprawl. The primary objective is to assess the extent of urban growth and its effects on natural land cover, particularly forested areas, water bodies, and brushwood. Using Landsat 7, 8, and 9 satellite imagery, this study applied supervised classification to categorize land cover types and evaluate spatial changes over time. The results indicate a substantial increase in urban and built-up land, from 49.63% in 2004 to 80.57% in 2024, accompanied by a drastic decline in forest cover, from 40.69% to 12.13%, highlighting rapid urbanization and environmental degradation. The classification reliability was validated using a confusion matrix, with overall accuracy exceeding 90% and Kappa statistics ranging from 0.852 to 0.869, indicating substantial to almost perfect agreement. These findings underscore the urgent need for sustainable urban planning, as continued land conversion may lead to increased flood risks, biodiversity loss, and reduced water retention capacity. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of remote sensing in monitoring land use dynamics and offers vital insights for policymakers to create balanced strategies between development and environmental preservation in Semarang City.
Analysis of Water Availability Potential to Support the Food Estate Program in Central Sumba Regency Pentewati, Priseila; R Daniswara, Damian; Bees, Azarya; Santi L M F Seran, Sri
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pengairan.2026.017.01.3

Abstract

This study evaluates the potential of water resources to support the Food Estate (FE) program in Central Sumba, a semi-arid region in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, where water scarcity and uneven distribution present major challenges for agricultural expansion. An integrative methodological framework was applied by combining dependable discharge analysis (Q80), calibrated satellite rainfall data, and multi-criteria prioritization using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Calibration of GPM rainfall against ground observations improved input accuracy for hydrological modeling, while the Q80 analysis identified reliable sources, such as the Palamedo and Waiwakaka rivers and the Waikasoruk spring. Spatial prioritization revealed distinct zone characteristics: FE.1 as the core area with dependable flows, FE.2 as a buffer with moderate but seasonal resources requiring incremental interventions, and FE.3 as a resilience zone constrained by hard rock lithology, steep slopes, and high infiltration, demanding targeted measures such as catchment management and groundwater exploration. The findings provide practical policy guidance for staged Food Estate implementation, emphasizing small-scale infrastructure upgrades, adaptive water management, and zone-specific interventions that align with national food security objectives. While the framework proves effective in data-scarce environments, limitations remain in medium-term rainfall calibration and in limited discharge records, suggesting the need for future research on climate change impacts, long-term monitoring, and demand-supply scenario analysis.
Analysis of Clean Water Availability in Batas Hamlet and Tol-tol Hamlet, Pringgondani Village, Sumberjambe District Tatrisya Derka, Icha; Amiluddin, Afif; Faradella, Maulida; Katminto, Katminto; Hanurani, Devi
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pengairan.2026.017.01.8

Abstract

Flash floods in Pringgondani Village have caused significant damage to infrastructure, including disruptions to the clean water supply, thereby affecting environmental, economic, and social conditions. Limited access to safe water poses serious public health risks; therefore, mitigation efforts are essential to enhance the resilience of the water supply system. This study aims to project water demand over the next ten years and to determine the required reservoir storage capacity. A quantitative descriptive approach with community participation was employed, incorporating water demand projections based on population growth and rainfall analysis using a simple runoff method to estimate water availability. The results indicate that the projected water demand over the next ten years will reach 854,012.1 L/day for a population of 7,189 inhabitants. The analysis also shows that the required storage volume for Batas and Tol-tol hamlets is 9.96 m³, while the total reservoir capacity required for Pringgondani Village is approximately 79.75 m³. To ensure an adequate and reliable water supply, the required storage can be achieved by constructing three reservoirs, each measuring 3 m × 3 m × 3 m, providing a total storage capacity of 81 m³, which is sufficient to meet the projected demand. Currently, only two reservoirs with a total capacity of 54 m³ are available, which is insufficient for future demand. Therefore, one additional reservoir supported by a larger-capacity water source is recommended to improve system reliability, meet future demand, reduce the impacts of dry seasons, and provide backup capacity during emergencies such as flash floods.
Discharge Availability Analysis of the Manikin Dam Using the F. J. Mock and NRECA Methods A. H. Welkis, Wilberd; Krisnayanti, Denik Sri; Robson Klau, Ralno; Nait, Costandji; F. B. Welkis, Davianto; Doa Megonondo, Batara
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pengairan.2026.017.01.9

Abstract

East Nusa Tenggara is a semi-arid region with a relatively short rainy season and low annual rainfall of 1,250 mm/year. To address this condition, technical engineering measures are required, including the construction of water storage infrastructure, such as the Manikin Dam. Manikin Dam is located between Kuaklalo Village and Bokong Village, Taebenu District. This study aims to determine potential evapotranspiration using the Modified Penman Method and dependable discharge using two methods: the NRECA Method and the F.J. Mock Method. From these two methods, the one that best represents the characteristics of the Manikin watershed was selected. The results showed that the maximum half-monthly potential evapotranspiration in the Manikin watershed, calculated using the Modified Penman Method, is 97.7 mm, and the minimum is 44.2 mm. The average annual reliable discharge with the NRECA Method is 2.09 m3/s. The annual dependable discharge with the F. J. Mock Method is 1.35 m3/s. Of the two methods used, the NRECA Method is closest to the characteristics of the Manikin watershed, with an RMSE of 0.85. The filling time of Manikin Reservoir under normal water-years conditions is three months, from the first part (I) in December to the second part (II) in February. The time required to fill Manikin Reservoir for low-water-years conditions is three months, from the first part (I) of December to the first part (I) of March.  
Calibration of Water Distribution Unit in Subak Irrigation System Gusti Ngurah Hesa Respati, I; Nurrochmad, Fatchan; Prima Ari Pratiwi, Endita
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pengairan.2026.017.01.7

Abstract

The Subak system has an irrigation water distribution unit known as tektek and an intake structure called Tembuku Penyahcah. The adjustment of the number of tektek in Subak Pulagan to ensure equitable water utilization within the subak is still based on estimations by the Pekaseh (Subak leader). Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the actual water distribution in the observed plots. This study aims to formulate an equation using the broad-crested weir approach for the Tembuku Penyahcah intake structure and to validate the resulting calculations. The study was conducted during the second rice planting season of 2021, from August to December, on an observation plot covering 7.70 hectares. The research stages included obtaining measured discharge data from water-level observations and flow rate measurements and performing regression analysis using the power equation. Calibration analysis was performed by comparing the discharge equation of the broad-crested weir with the measured discharge using the power equation. The exponent of the water depth (h) was adjusted to match the exponent in the broad-crested weir equation. Validation of various discharge equations against the measured discharge was conducted using correlation coefficient, RMSE, relative RMSE, MAE, and relative MAE methods. The results indicate that the calibrated discharge coefficients for the Tembuku Penyahcah intake structures A, B, C, and D are 0.500, 0.410, 0.710, and 5.233, respectively. The validation results show that the calibrated discharge curve equation effectively reduces error compared to the theoretical broad-crested weir discharge curve.
Seasonal Assessment of Musi River Water Quality in Palembang Using STORET and PI Faizaturrohmah, Nur; Sukmawardana, M. Iqbal; Noor Azizah, Rifka; Isoralla, Isoralla; Awfa, Dion; Rohman, Arif; Ulin Nuha, Muhammad; Try Atmojo, Aulia; Adli Naufal Purnomo, Daffa
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pengairan.2026.017.01.10

Abstract

This study aims to determine the water quality status of the Musi River in Palembang City in the dry season (July) and the rainy season (October) using the STORET and Pollution Index (PI) methods, as a scientific basis for evaluating seasonal pollution dynamics and supporting sustainable river management. Water samples were collected from four representative sampling sites along the Musi River in Palembang City, representing the upstream reach, industrial zone, urban reach, and downstream section. Primary data were obtained from field measurements of physical and chemical parameters, while secondary data were obtained from water quality standards and related literature. Water quality determination using the STORET method was based on deviations from regulatory standards, while the PI method estimated the average pollution load. The results show that several parameters exceed the allowed limits, with the STORET method generally classifying the river as moderately polluted, whereas the PI method classifies it as lightly polluted. This study evaluated the water quality of the Musi River in Palembang City using the STORET method and the Pollution Index at four sampling locations in the dry and rainy seasons. The STORET analysis showed that four points fell into the moderately polluted category (score: -12 to -20), while the PI method showed lightly polluted throughout the area (Pij score: 2.29 to 3.07). The results underscore the urgent need for integrated pollution management to ensure regulatory compliance and protect ecosystems.

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