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Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : 23375760     EISSN : 23385510     DOI : https://doi.org/10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Astronomy Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Mathematics Physics
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences welcomes full research articles in the area of Mathematics and Natural Sciences from the following subject areas: Astronomy, Chemistry, Earth Sciences (Geodesy, Geology, Geophysics, Oceanography, Meteorology), Life Sciences (Agriculture, Biochemistry, Biology, Health, Medical, Pharmacy), Mathematics, Physics, and Statistics.
Arjuna Subject : Matematika - Matematika (Lain-Lain)
Articles 689 Documents
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Flavonoids from Macaranga lowii Widiastuti Agustina; Lia D. Juliawaty; Euis H. Hakim; Yana M. Syah
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 44 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/itbj.sci.2012.44.1.2

Abstract

A new isoprenylated dihydroflavonol derivative, macalowiinin (1), together with two known flavonoids 4'-O-methyl-8-isoprenylnaringenin (2) and 4'-O-methyl-5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone (3) (= acasetin), have been isolated from the methanol extract of the leaves of Macaranga lowii. The structures of these compounds were determined based on UV, NMR, and mass spectral data, and optical rotation. Preliminary cytotoxic evaluation of compounds 1 "“ 3 against P-388 cells showed that compound 3 is the most active with IC50 was 58.7 mM.
Land Degradation Model Based on Vegetation and Erosion Aspects Using Remote Sensing Data Adhi Wibowo; Ishak H. Ismullah; Bobby S. Dipokusumo; Ketut Wikantika
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 44 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/itbj.sci.2012.44.1.3

Abstract

The study of land degradation in various geographic conditions in the world using remote sensing is still become a concern amongst researchers because it has been proven as one of the most effective ways. In Indonesia, East Kalimantan province is one of the experiencing land area degradation due to intensive exploitation of natural resouces since 1970. The degradation model proposed in this study is modeled using a combination of ASTER and Landsat ETM+ imagery, both taken on February 27, 2001. The model composed of both two aspects: erosion aspect and vegetation aspect. Vegetation aspect is a function of suppression of vegetation from Crippen and Blom method and spectral angle a of Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm. The erosion aspect is calculated from erosion prediction and depends on the constant factors of b as well, and the latter is said as a function of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) value. Based on the validation using spectral based degradation map and Land Degradation Index of Chikhaoui et al, our model proves the ability to map land degradation, especially to better distinguish the classification of land degradation at very-slightly to very-severe intensity and the ability to differentiate water body, swamp or river.
Synthesis and Theoretical Study of Zinc(II) and Nickel(II)-Complexes of 5-Methoxyisatin 3-[N-(4-chlorophenyl)thiosemicarbazone] Fatma Kandermirli; Murat Saracoglu; Gamze Bulut; Eno Ebenso; Taner Arslan; Asgar Kayan
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 44 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/itbj.sci.2012.44.1.4

Abstract

Zinc(II) and nickel(II)-complexes of 5-methoxyisatin 3-[N-(4-chlorophenyl) thiosemicarbazone] (H2MICP) were synthesized and characterized by infrared, ultraviolet and 1H-NMR spectroscopies as well as elemental analysis. Model of H2MICP and its zinc(II) and nickel(II)-complexes were optimized with B3LYP method using 6-31G(d,p), 6-311G(d,p), 6-311++G(d,p), 6-311++G(2d,2p) basis sets. The calculated 1H-NMR, UV and IR spectra data were compared with experimental results. In addition to the Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis of H2MICP and its Zinc(II) and Nickel(II) complexes, Fukui functions of H2MICP were also reported.
In vitro and In Silico Studies on Curcumin and Its Analogues as Dual Inhibitors for cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Nunung Yuniarti; Perdana Adhi Nugroho; Aditya Asyhar; Sardjiman Sardjiman; Zullies Ikawati; Enade Perdana Istyastono
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 44 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/itbj.sci.2012.44.1.5

Abstract

Curcumin has been widely reported as an anti-inflammatory agent isolated from the plant Curcuma longa L. (turmeric). This anti-inflammatory activity was associated with the ability of this compound to inhibit the activity of both cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in arachidonic acid metabolism. Dual COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors are preferred to be employed in the therapy of chronic inflammatory diseases compared to selective inhibitors, since it was reported that the use of selective inhibitors led to severe adverse side effect. In the present study, in vitro and in silico assays on curcumin and its analogues as dual inhibitors for both COX-1 and COX-2 were performed. The results provide theoretical contribution in understanding the ligand-protein interactions at the molecular level to develop new curcumin analogues which possess better anti-inflammatory activity as well as to avoid unsolicited side effects.
Satellite Monitoring of Small-scale Farming Systems in Subang, Indonesia Bambang H. Trisasongko; Dyah R. Panuju; La Ode S. Iman
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 44 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/itbj.sci.2012.44.1.6

Abstract

Rice fields in Java, Indonesia have been in tremendous threat due to land policy weaknesses. In order to ensure food supply, satellite-based monitoring scheme has been chosen to accommodate quick data acquisition for agriculture planning. Nonetheless, detailed rice field map is lacking and it should be taken in consideration. WorldView-2 has the highest ground resolution to date, which is suitable to construct new rice distribution map in Indonesia. This paper shows that panchromatic data of the sensor have capability in identification of fragmented rice fields and clearly showed galengans. Red edge and Coastal bands introduced by WorldView-2 were found substantial to rice growth discrimination. In addition, various rice growth periods were detectable which helped to create of rice status map at appropriate accuracy.
Seismogram Analysis of C052198B Earthquake, Minahasa at Observatory Stations in Australia Bagus Jaya Sentosa
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 44 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/itbj.sci.2012.44.1.7

Abstract

The earth structure between the Minahasa earthquake, coded as C052198B, and observatory stations in Australia has been investigated through analysis in the time domain of three-component seismograms. The synthetic seismograms are constructed from an earth model, the CMT solution of the earthquake and station locations. The calculation is based on the GEMINI method, and the corner frequency is set at 20 mHz.  Using deconvolutions of the station instruments responses, the measured and synthetic seismogram can be compared with the same units. The seismogram comparison indicates  discre-pancies between  recorded data and synthetic seismograms calculated from the anisotropic PREM model,  in the travel times of Rayleigh and Love surface wave, as well as the S and core reflected ScS and ScS2 body waves. Discrepancies of Love wave travel time and the number of oscillations are explained by changes in the crustal velocity model and by setting the positive gradient of bh in the upper mantle. While for Rayleigh waves and arrival times of body waves, corrections to the zero order coefficients of b are needed at layers in the mantle. The interpretation of the results of the waveform analyses indicates strong anisotropy in the upper mantle. The anisotropy also occurs, to a lesser extent, at layers beneath the upper mantle.
Ab Initio Calculation of UV-Vis Absorption Spectra of a Single Chlorophyll a Molecule: Comparison Study between RHF/CIS, TDDFT, and Semi-Empirical Methods Veinardi Suendo; Sparisoma Viridi
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 44 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/itbj.sci.2012.44.2.1

Abstract

Chlorophyll a is the most abundant pigment on Earth responsible for trapping light energy to perform photosynthesis in green plants. This molecule has been studied for many years from different points of interest with both experimental and theoretical methods. In this study, the Restricted Hartree-Fock/Configuration Interaction Single (RHF/CIS), Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT), and several semi-empirical methods (CNDO/S and ZINDO) calculations were carried out to reconstruct the UV-Vis absorption spectra of chlorophyll a. To some extent, the calculation results based on the single-molecule approach succeeded to reconstruct the absorption spectra, but they required to be rescaled to fit the experimental results. In general, the semiempirical methods provide a better energy scaling factor. However, they lack vertical transition fine features with respect to the spectrum obtained experimentally. In this case, the ab initio calculations provided more complete features, especially the TDDFT with high-level basis sets, which also has a good accuracy with regards to the transition energies. The contribution of the ground state and excited state orbitals in the main vertical transitions is discussed based on the delocalized nature of the wave functions and the presence of solvents using the polarizable continuum model (PCM).
The Role of Equatorial Oceanic Waves in the Activation of the 2006 Indian Ocean Dipole Iskhaq Iskandar
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 44 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/itbj.sci.2012.44.2.2

Abstract

Observations and a linear wave model were used to evaluate the role of equatorial oceanic wave processes in affecting the evolution of the 2006 positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), focusing on the activation phase of the event. The observations indicate the presence of upwelling equatorial waves and westward near-surface zonal currents along the equator during the activation phase of the event in August 2006. These upwelling equatorial waves (negative sea surface height anomalies) and westward zonal current anomalies contributed to significant sea surface cooling in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean. The model results reveal that the upwelling equatorial waves and westward nearsurface zonal currents were mainly generated by wind-forced Kelvin waves associated with the easterly wind anomalies. On the other hand, anomalous easterly winds along the equator during June caused downwelling waves (positive sea surface height anomalies) in the off-equatorial region which propagated westward and elevated sea levels in the western region. The model further shows that a complex interplay of wind-forced and boundary-generated Rossby waves elevated sea levels in the western equatorial Indian Ocean during the activations phase of the 2006 IOD event.
The Use of Biofiltration Technology and 3-dimensional Cubical Bamboo Shelters for Nursery Phase Productivity Improvement of Giant Freshwater Prawns Gede Suantika; Pingkan Aditiawati; Malendra Rusni; Rifki R. Arief; Osman R. Turendro
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 44 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/itbj.sci.2012.44.2.3

Abstract

This experiment was aimed at finding out the effects of usingnitrifying bacteria and Chlorella sp. and the application of a differing number of 3-dimensional cubical bamboo shelters for enhancing the growth performance of Giant Freshwater Prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man) during the nursery phase in an indoor system. During 28 days of culture, treatment II (application of 4 shelters ~40% culture volume occupation) resulted in better prawn growth and culture performance compared to control (no shelter application) (p<0,05). At the end of the experiment, treatment II showed the highest biomass, specific growth rate, mean body weight and length of prawns with (1.96+0.05) g.cage-1, 8.24% BW.day-1, (2.18+0,89) g and (6.50+0.91) cm, respectively. However, these results were not significantly different compared to treatment I (application of 2 shelters ~20% culture volume occupation). The survival rate after treatment I and II (treatment I=90%, and treatment II=92%) was significantly higher compared to control (78%). During the experiment the increase of the concentration of ammonium and nitrate was controlled by the addition of nitrifying bacteria and microalgae, which can keep the microbial loop between ammonium reduction by bacteria and nitrate uptake by microalgae in balance. The addition of nitrifying bacteria and microalgae, and the availability of 40% bamboo shelter occupation in the culture can improve prawn culture productivity.
Mechanism of Action of Coumarin against Candida albicans by SEM/TEM Analysis Gunawan Pamudji Widodo; Elin Yulinah Sukandar; I Ketut Adnyana; Sukrasno Sukrasno
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 44 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/itbj.sci.2012.44.2.4

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify the antifungal activity of coumarin isolated from Ageratum conyzoides L. leaves and to observe its influence on Candida albicans cells by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Antifungal activity testing with the disk diffusion method showed coumarin was active toward pathogenic fungus Candida albicans with an MIC value of coumarin of 125 g mL-1. The results show that this compound damaged the cell by pores formation on the cell wall. Death of cells occurred due to leakage and necrosis of cytoplasmic content.

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