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Aktivitas Antidiabetika Kombinasi Fraksi Etil Asetat Buah Pare (Momordica charantia L.) dan Rimpang Zamzani, Irfan; Nugroho, Agung Endro; Widodo, Gunawan Pamudji
Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 9, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Indonesian Research Gateway

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35617/jfi.v9i2.575

Diabetes Mellitus type 2 can be caused by the resistance of tissue towards insulin accompanied by relative deficiency in insulin secretion. Insulin resistance factor can result from obesity. This research aims to investigate anti- diabetic activity of the compound of FEA of curcuma (Curcuma domestica Val) and bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.). Subjects of this research were 40 albino Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 5-8 weeks. The rats were randomly grouped into 8 experimental groups in which each group consisted of'5 rats. The tested animals were divided into 6 groups, KG) metformin 45 mg/Kg BB, P1: FEA curcuma 10 mg/ 200g BB, P2: FEA bitter melon 04 mg/ 200g BB, P3: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon 5 : 0,8 mg/200g BB, P4: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon 10 : 04 mg/200g BB, and P5: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon (20 : 02mg9/200g BB). The animals were inducted with insulin resistance with the giving of HFD-fructose. Result showed that the compound of FEA of curcuma (Curcuma domestica Val) and FEA of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) had the activity of lowering blood glucose level: the best anti-diabetic activity was identified in the compound of FEA of curcuma and FEA of bitter melon at the dose of 20: 0,2m9g/200g BB in the rats with HFD- fructose.Diabetes Mellitus type 2 can be caused by the resistance of tissue towards insulin accompanied by relative deficiency in insulin secretion. Insulin resistance factor can result from obesity. This research aims to investigate anti- diabetic activity of the compound of FEA of curcuma (Curcuma domestica Val) and bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.). Subjects of this research were 40 albino Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 5-8 weeks. The rats were randomly grouped into 8 experimental groups in which each group consisted of'5 rats. The tested animals were divided into 6 groups, KG) metformin 45 mg/Kg BB, P1: FEA curcuma 10 mg/ 200g BB, P2: FEA bitter melon 04 mg/ 200g BB, P3: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon 5 : 0,8 mg/200g BB, P4: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon 10 : 04 mg/200g BB, and P5: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon (20 : 02mg9/200g BB). The animals were inducted with insulin resistance with the giving of HFD-fructose. Result showed that the compound of FEA of curcuma (Curcuma domestica Val) and FEA of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) had the activity of lowering blood glucose level: the best anti-diabetic activity was identified in the compound of FEA of curcuma and FEA of bitter melon at the dose of 20: 0,2m9g/200g BB in the rats with HFD- fructose.Diabetes Mellitus type 2 can be caused by the resistance of tissue towards insulin accompanied by relative deficiency in insulin secretion. Insulin resistance factor can result from obesity. This research aims to investigate anti- diabetic activity of the compound of FEA of curcuma (Curcuma domestica Val) and bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.). Subjects of this research were 40 albino Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 5-8 weeks. The rats were randomly grouped into 8 experimental groups in which each group consisted of'5 rats. The tested animals were divided into 6 groups, KG) metformin 45 mg/Kg BB, P1: FEA curcuma 10 mg/ 200g BB, P2: FEA bitter melon 04 mg/ 200g BB, P3: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon 5 : 0,8 mg/200g BB, P4: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon 10 : 04 mg/200g BB, and P5: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon (20 : 02mg9/200g BB). The animals were inducted with insulin resistance with the giving of HFD-fructose. Result showed that the compound of FEA of curcuma (Curcuma domestica Val) and FEA of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) had the activity of lowering blood glucose level: the best anti-diabetic activity was identified in the compound of FEA of curcuma and FEA of bitter melon at the dose of 20: 0,2m9g/200g BB in the rats with HFD- fructose.

Aktivitas Antidiabetika Kombinasi Fraksi Etil Asetat Buah Pare (Momordica charantia L.) dan Rimpang Zamzani, Irfan; Nugroho, Agung Endro; Widodo, Gunawan Pamudji
Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 9, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia

Diabetes Mellitus type 2 can be caused by the resistance of tissue towards insulin accompanied by relative deficiency in insulin secretion. Insulin resistance factor can result from obesity. This research aims to investigate anti- diabetic activity of the compound of FEA of curcuma (Curcuma domestica Val) and bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.). Subjects of this research were 40 albino Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 5-8 weeks. The rats were randomly grouped into 8 experimental groups in which each group consisted of'5 rats. The tested animals were divided into 6 groups, KG) metformin 45 mg/Kg BB, P1: FEA curcuma 10 mg/ 200g BB, P2: FEA bitter melon 04 mg/ 200g BB, P3: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon 5 : 0,8 mg/200g BB, P4: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon 10 : 04 mg/200g BB, and P5: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon (20 : 02mg9/200g BB). The animals were inducted with insulin resistance with the giving of HFD-fructose. Result showed that the compound of FEA of curcuma (Curcuma domestica Val) and FEA of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) had the activity of lowering blood glucose level: the best anti-diabetic activity was identified in the compound of FEA of curcuma and FEA of bitter melon at the dose of 20: 0,2m9g/200g BB in the rats with HFD- fructose.Diabetes Mellitus type 2 can be caused by the resistance of tissue towards insulin accompanied by relative deficiency in insulin secretion. Insulin resistance factor can result from obesity. This research aims to investigate anti- diabetic activity of the compound of FEA of curcuma (Curcuma domestica Val) and bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.). Subjects of this research were 40 albino Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 5-8 weeks. The rats were randomly grouped into 8 experimental groups in which each group consisted of'5 rats. The tested animals were divided into 6 groups, KG) metformin 45 mg/Kg BB, P1: FEA curcuma 10 mg/ 200g BB, P2: FEA bitter melon 04 mg/ 200g BB, P3: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon 5 : 0,8 mg/200g BB, P4: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon 10 : 04 mg/200g BB, and P5: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon (20 : 02mg9/200g BB). The animals were inducted with insulin resistance with the giving of HFD-fructose. Result showed that the compound of FEA of curcuma (Curcuma domestica Val) and FEA of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) had the activity of lowering blood glucose level: the best anti-diabetic activity was identified in the compound of FEA of curcuma and FEA of bitter melon at the dose of 20: 0,2m9g/200g BB in the rats with HFD- fructose.Diabetes Mellitus type 2 can be caused by the resistance of tissue towards insulin accompanied by relative deficiency in insulin secretion. Insulin resistance factor can result from obesity. This research aims to investigate anti- diabetic activity of the compound of FEA of curcuma (Curcuma domestica Val) and bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.). Subjects of this research were 40 albino Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 5-8 weeks. The rats were randomly grouped into 8 experimental groups in which each group consisted of'5 rats. The tested animals were divided into 6 groups, KG) metformin 45 mg/Kg BB, P1: FEA curcuma 10 mg/ 200g BB, P2: FEA bitter melon 04 mg/ 200g BB, P3: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon 5 : 0,8 mg/200g BB, P4: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon 10 : 04 mg/200g BB, and P5: Compound of FEA curcuma : FEA bitter melon (20 : 02mg9/200g BB). The animals were inducted with insulin resistance with the giving of HFD-fructose. Result showed that the compound of FEA of curcuma (Curcuma domestica Val) and FEA of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) had the activity of lowering blood glucose level: the best anti-diabetic activity was identified in the compound of FEA of curcuma and FEA of bitter melon at the dose of 20: 0,2m9g/200g BB in the rats with HFD- fructose.

COST OF ILLNESS PASIEN KANKER PAYUDARA DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT PROF DR R.D KANDOU MANADO Manawan, Fridly; Widodo, Gunawan Pamudji; Andayani, Tri Murti
Jurnal Farmasi Medica/Pharmacy Medical Journal (PMJ) Vol 2, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

ABSTRACTBreast cancer still became priority concern in developed country, but 69% the dead incident came from developing country. Many of them been diagnose at advance stage, that make treatment and cost more higly. The objectives of this study were to know the burden cost of breast cancer patient in Prof Dr Kandou Medical Center Manado based on hospital perspective, the difference between the real cost and the INA-CBGâ€™s cost, and the key factors that might drive the burden of the real cost of breast cancer. The study was a pharmacoeconomics analys based on hospital perspective to direct medical cost, using non-experimental analysis with cross-sectional design. Data restropectively collect from breast cancer inpatient registered as member of National Health Insurance (JKN) during September 2017-August 2018 period and from financial department of Prof Dr Kandou Medical Center Manado. The sample was used 329 episode of treatment. the data being analyzed using one sample t-test to compare the congruence between the real cost and INA-CBGâ€™s cost. Multivariat linear regression Analysis to find the various predictor factors that might affect on the real cost. The result of the study showed that the average of the real cost per episode of treatment in chemotherapy patient with C-14-3 code was Rp. 13.806.325, treatment in breast procedure with L-1-50 code was Rp. 24.306.626, and treatment for breast tumor with L-4-11 code was Rp. 11.989.772. The difference value between INA-CBGâ€™s and the real cost was Rp. -668.973.281 for 183 breast cancer patient. The congruence value between the real cost and the INA-CBGâ€™s cost generally significantly different except for C-4-13-II, L-1-50-III and L-4-11-I. Based on multivariat linier regression analysis, severity level, :LOS, and treatment care was the factors that affect the real cost.Â Keywords : Cost of illness, INA-CBGâ€™s, Breast Cancer, Prof. Dr. R.D Kandou Medical Center Hospital ManadoÂ ABSTRAKKasus kanker payudara memang menjadi permasalahan penting di negara maju, namun 69% angka kematian terjadi di negara berkembang. Kebanyakan kasus kanker payudara ditemukan berada pada stadium lanjut, dimana menyebabkan upaya dan nilai biaya pengobatan semakin besar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui biaya terapi penyakit kanker payudara di RSUP Prof Dr Kandou Manado berdasarkan perspektif rumah sakit, mengetahui perbedaan antara tarif rumah sakit dengan tarif paket INA-CBGs pada perawatan pasien kanker payudara, dan mengetahui faktor apa saja yang berpengaruh terhadap besarnya biaya terapi penyakit kanker payudara. Penelitian ini merupakan analisis farmakoekonomi berdasarkan perspektif rumah sakit terhadap biaya medis langsung, berupa penelitian analitik noneksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Data diambil secara retrospektif dari pasien rawat inap kanker payudara peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) selama periode September 2017-Agustus 2018 dan dari bagian keuangan di RSUP Prof Kandou Manado. Sampel yang digunakan adalah sebanyak 329 episode perawatan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan one sample t-test untuk membandingkan total biaya riil dengan tarif INA-CBGs. Analisis korelasi multivariat regresi linier untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi total biaya riil. Hasil penelitian pasien rawat inap peserta JKN di RSUP Prof Dr Kandou Manado periode September 2017 â€“ Agustus 2018 menunjukkan rata-rata biaya riil pasien kemoterapi per episode perawatan dengan kode C-4-13 sebesar Rp. 13.806.325, tindakan pada payudara dengan kode L-1-50 sebesar Rp. 24.306.626 dan tumor payudara dengan kode L-4-11 sebesar Rp. 11.989.772. Selisih tarif INA-CBGâ€™s dengan total biaya riil adalah sebesar Rp.-668.973.281 untuk total 183 pasien. Kesesuaian total biaya riil dengan tarif INA-CBGâ€™s menggunakan one sample t-test secara umum berbeda bermakna, kecuali pada kode C-4-13-II, L-1-50-III dan L-4-11-I. Berdasarkan analisis korelasi multivariat regresi linier, Faktor tingkat keparahan, LOS dan kelas perawatan mempengaruhi total biaya riil.Â Kata kunci: Cost of illness, INA-CBGâ€™s, Kanker payudara, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado

Evaluasi Perencanaan dan Pengadaan Kebutuhan Obat Publik Serta Ketersediaan Obat di Wilayah Kerja Dinas Kesehatan Daerah Kota Tomohon Tahun 2016 Haris Maspekeh; Satibi; Gunawan Pamudji Widodo
Jurnal Farmasi & Sains Indonesia Vol 1 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Nusaputera

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Ketidakmampuan merencanakan kebutuhan obat dengan baik di tingkat Puskesmas, akan berpengaruh pada persediaan obat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kesesuaian perencanaan, pengadaan kebutuhan obat publik dan tingkat ketersediaan obat dengan indikator efisiensi dan efektifitas pengelolaan obat serta permasalahan yang terjadi dalam perencanaan dan pengadaan kebutuhan obat publik di wilayah kerja dinas kesehatan daerah kota tomohon tahun 2016. Rancangan penelitian deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui pengamatan dokumen obat tahun 2016, obat Indikator sebanyak 144 item obat, serta wawancara dengan pengelola obat, Kepala Puskesmas, Kepala Instalasi Farmasi Kota Tomohon dan Sekretaris Dinas Kesehatan Daerah Kota Tomohon. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan indikator efisiensi dan efektifitas pengelolaan obat menggunakan indikator Depkes dan dibandingkan dengan standar atau hasil penelitian lain. Hasil yang tidak sesuai standar yaitu rata-rata perencanan obat yang tepat di puskesmas wilayah kerja Dinas Kesehatan Daerah Kota Tomohon adalah sebesar 33,35%, kurang tepat sebesar 48,03% dan berlebih sebesar 18,62%. Persentase alokasi dana pengadaan obat di IFK sebesar 3,91%. Rata-rata persentase kesesuaian antara pengadaan dengan kenyataan pakai obat 94,98%. Frekuensi pengadaan IFK 1 kali setahun. Hasil yang sesuai standar yaitu rata-rata persentase kesesuaian item obat yang tersedia sebesar 94,33%. Rata-rata persentase penyimpangan perencanaan 5,66%. Persentase ketersediaan dana pengadaan obat di IFK tahun 2016 sebesar 100%. Tidak pernah terjadi kesalahan faktur. Rata-rata lama waktu pembayaran dari dinas kesehatan kepada distributor adalah 50 hari dengan rata-rata lama waktu pembayaran yang disepakati yaitu 60 hari. Rata-rata tingkat ketersediaan obat kategori kurang sebesar 5,97%, aman sebesar 76,88%, dan berlebih sebesar 17,15%. Prioritas penanganan masalah sebagai berikut: 1). Menyusun Standar Operasional Prosedur pengelolaan obat. 2). Membentuk Tim Perencanaan Obat Terpadu Kabupaten/Kota. 3). Menyelenggarakan pelatihan tentang pengelolaan obat. 4). Menerapkan Sistem Informasi Manajemen (SIM) pengelolaan obat.

ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN STANDAR PELAYANAN MINIMAL RUMAH SAKIT BIDANG FARMASI DI INSTALASI FARMASI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH DR. ABDUL AZIZ SINGKAWANG Dini Okyaviani; Tri Murti Andayani; Gunawan Pamudji Widodo
Jurnal Farmasi & Sains Indonesia Vol 2 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Nusaputera

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Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Abdul Aziz Singkawang sebagai Badan Layanan Umum Daerah (BLUD) perlu melakukan pengukuran tentang pencapaian indikator-indikator Standar Pelayanan Minimal Rumah Sakit yang telah ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pelaksanaan Standar Pelayanan Minimal Rumah Sakit bidang farmasi di Instalasi Farmasi RSUD dr. Abdul Aziz Singkawang yaitu meliputi waktu tunggu pelayanan obat, tidak adanya kejadian kesalahan pemberian obat, kepuasan pelanggan dan penulisan resep sesuai formularium. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Penelitian dilakukan selama 1 bulan pada bulan Desember 2016. Data penelitian dikelompokkan menjadi data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data Kualitatif berupa wawancara mendalam dengan Kepala Instalasi Farmasi, karyawan, dokter sedangkan data kuantitatif berupa observasi dan kuesioner kepada pasien rawat jalan. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan rumus perhitungan yang sesuai. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata waktu tunggu pelayanan resep jadi 18, 42 menit, resep racikan 40,37 menit, tidak adanya kesalahan pemberian obat 100%, kepuasan pelanggan 96,47%, penulisan resep sesuai formularium 95,95%. Dapat disimpulkan untuk waktu tunggu pelayanan obat, tidak adanya kejadian kesalahan pemberian obat dan tingkat kepuasan pelanggan terhadap pelayanan farmasi telah memenuhi standar namun untuk kesesuaian penulisan resep dengan formularium belum memenuhi standar. Faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan Standar Pelayanan Minimal yaitu keterbatasan SDM, peresepan dokter terhadap obat-obat diluar formularium, sarana dan prasarana yang belum optimal, sosialisasi formularium belum optimal dan Kebijakan dalam pelayanan resep untuk menghindari kejadian kesalahan pemberian obat.

ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC, ANTIOXIDANT, AND PANCREAS PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF CORIANDRUM SATIVUM SEED IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS Widodo, Gunawan Pamudji; Handayani, Sri Rejeki; Hierowat, Rina
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 26 No 3, 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Coriandrum sativum is a medicinal plant, used in traditional medicine for diabetes therapy. The goal of the this study was to determine the antidiabetic, antioxidant and pancreas protection effects of ethanol extracts of C. sativum seeds (CSE) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The male Wistar rats were induced diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150mg/kg BW). CSE was prepared and administrated orally to the animals at the dose of 125 and 250mg/kg for 28 days. Blood glucose level was measured, and antioxidant status was assessed by determining the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase as well as malonyl aldehyde in liver. Histopathological study of pancreas was conducted at the end of experimental period. Both dose of SCE showed the glucose lowering effect, corrected antioxidant status of diabetic animals in liver and protected the pancreas organ from damage. Key words: Coriandrum sativum seed, antihyperglycemia, antioxidant, pancreas protection

Uji Aktivitas Analgetik Ekstrak Batang Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) terhadap Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar Rika Arfiana Safitri; Mamik Ponco Rahayu; Gunawan Pamudji Widodo
Jurnal Surya Medika (JSM) Vol 7 No 2 (2022): Jurnal Surya Medika (JSM)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/jsm.v7i2.3216

Pain is only a symptom and a mechanism in the body that serves as a danger signal about a disturbance in the tissue such as inflammation, infection, or muscle spasms. This study aims to determine the effect of the analgesic effect of the ethanol extract of the karamunting stem. Karamunting stems were extracted by the maceration method using 96% ethanol as solvent. Each analgesic test was divided into five groups, namely a negative control group (CMC Na), a positive control group (Tramadol), a karamunting stem extract test group (a dose of 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/Kg BW, and 400 mg/Kg BB). Analgesic test using Tail flick method. Data analysis used the Shapiro-Wilk test and then continued with the one-way ANOVA test. The results showed that the ethanol extract of the karamunting stem could provide an analgesic effect at a dose of 200 mg/Kg BW.

Antimalarial activity of ethyl acetate extract of Garcinia dulcis kurz stem bark Gunawan Pamudji Widodo; Mamik Ponco Rahayu
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 21 No 4, 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

In-vivo antimalarial activity of ethyl acetate extract of Garcinia dulcis Kurz stem bark have been evaluated against Plasmodium berghei induced mice. Antimalarial test was conducted by paracitemia investigation and leucocyte counting of paracite induced mice blood, after oral administration of Garcinia dulcis stem bark extract dose of 25 mg, 50 mg, as well as 75 mg/kg bw. The highest antiplasmodial activity and decresing of leucocyte amount was showedby extract of dose of 50 mg/kg bw. The compounds identified in ethyl acetate extract of Garcinia dulcis stem bark were flavonoid, saponin and tannin. The compounds that have antimalarial activity weren’t yet known.Keywords: antimalarial, Garcinia dulcis Kurz, stem bark, paracitemia

The Antihyperglicemic Activity of ethanol Extract of Fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum graecum L) and its effect on the GLUT-2 expression of Streptozotocin Nicotinamide Induced Rats Jena Hayu Widyasti; Gunawan Pamudji Widodo; Rina Herowati
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 29 No 1, 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Insulin is an important factor in glucose transport. Glucose transporter (GLUT-2) in pancreatic β cell membranes is responsible for glucose transport that will stimulate insulin secretion. The purpose of this research was to investigate the antihyperglycemic activities of extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek) seed and the effects on GLUT-2 protein expression in pancreatic β cells on Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide-induced (STZ-NA) rats. This research utilized five groups of male Wistar rats. Group I was normal control group, while Groups II-V were induced with STZ-NA. Group II was negative control group (CMC Na 1%); group III was positive control group (Glibenclamide); group IV and V was examined group (fenugreek seed ethanol extract of 100mg/kg bw and 200 mg/kg bw)). The test compounds were orally administered for 14 days. Measurement of blood glucose levels and observation of the expression of GLUT-2 protein in pancreatic β cells in rats were conducted by immunohistochemistrical method. The research results revealed that the examined group dose of 200 mg/kg bw of fenugreek seed extract appeared to show blood glucose level decline that was proportionate to that of the positive control group. The increased density of GLUT-2 protein in pancreatic β cells significantly occurred in the group injected with 200 mg/kg bw compared to the group injected with 100 mg/kg bw. Hence, 200 mg/kg bw of fenugreek seed ethanol extract was able to decrease blood glucose levels and increase the GLUT-2 protein expression in pancreatic β cells in STZ-NA-induced rats with the effectiveness that was comparable to the positive control group

Analysis of Factors Influencing the Availability of Medicine During JKN Era Satibi Satibi; Ranowijaya Ranowijaya; Aswandi Aswandi; Junagsti Bermalam; Gunawan Pamudji Widodo
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 29 No 1, 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The availability of medicine is important during National Social Healthy Insurance (JKN) that put into effect in the hospital, one of health service facility. The purpose of this study was to look of the availability of medicines was during JKN era and what factors influence the availability in three Region General Hospitals in Sulawesi. This study was conducted using descriptive method of analytic to get a correlation among doctors, pharmacists and patients as independent variables toward the availability of medicine as dependent variable. The study has been performed in 3 hospitals in Sulawesi. This data obtained were analyzed using statistical model of Linier Regression Analysis with F test or ANOVA test and t test. R was the value of regression which showed the influence of one to another variable. The results showed the level of medicine availability in hospital A was 12.49 months. Factors that influence the availability of medicines were doctors (R=0.778, p= 0.000), pharmacists (R=0.619, p= 0.000) and patients (R=0.653, p= 0.000). All there factor significantly affect the availability of medicines in Hospital A (R=0.675, p=0.000). Hospital B had an excess supply of medicines, with the average of 23.31 month. Factors that influenced the availability of medicines in Hospital B was doctor (R=0.877), pharmacist (R=0.861) and patient (R=0.984) (p=0.000 all). From multiple regression there factors showed a significant correlation to the availability of medicines (R=0.901, p=0.000). Similarity on Hospital A and B, data of the availability of medicine in hospital C was categorized excess as the average of stock was 56.01 month. Factors that influenced the availability of medicines in Hospital C was doctor (R=0.753, p= 0.000), pharmacist (R=0.869, p= 0.000) and patient (R=0.545, p=0.001).

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