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Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences

JETS
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Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung

ISSN : 23375779 EISSN : 23385502 DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Engineering

Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences welcomes full research articles in the area of Engineering Sciences from the following subject areas: Aerospace Engineering, Biotechnology, Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Engineering Physics, Environmental Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Information Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Material Science and Engineering, Manufacturing Processes, Microelectronics, Mining Engineering, Petroleum Engineering, and other application of physical, biological, chemical and mathematical sciences in engineering. Authors are invited to submit articles that have not been published previously and are not under consideration elsewhere. Starting from Vol. 35, No. 1, 2003, full articles published are available online at http://journal.itb.ac.id, and indexed by Scopus, Index Copernicus, Google Scholar, DOAJ, GetCITED, NewJour, Open J-Gate, The Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek EZB by University Library of Regensburg, EBSCO Open Science Directory, Ei Compendex, Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) and Zurich Open Repository and Archive Journal Database. Publication History Formerly known as: ITB Journal of Engineering Science (2007 â€“ 2012) Proceedings ITB on Engineering Science (2003 - 2007) Proceedings ITB (1961 - 2002)

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Articles 1,267 Documents

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Analysis of Input and Output Ripples of PWM AC Choppers Dahono, Pekik Argo; Amirudin, Dessy; Rizqiawan, Arwindra; Deni, Deni
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 40, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

This paper presents an analysisÂ of input and output ripples of PWM ACÂ choppers.Â ExpressionsÂ ofÂ inputÂ andÂ outputÂ currentÂ andÂ voltageÂ ripplesÂ of single-phase PWM AC choppers are first derived. The derived expressions are thenÂ extendedÂ toÂ three-phaseÂ PWMÂ ACÂ choppers.Â AsÂ inputÂ current andÂ output voltage ripples specification alone cannot be used to determine the unique values of inductance and capacitance of the LC filters, an additional criterion based on theÂ minimum reactiveÂ powerÂ isÂ proposed.Â Experimental resultsÂ are includedÂ in this paper to show the validity of the proposed analysis method.

Reliability of Estimation Pile Load Capacity Methods Lastiasih, Yudhi; Sidi, Indra Djati
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 46, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

None of numerous previous methods for predicting pile capacity is known how accurate any of them are when compared with the actual ultimate capacity of piles tested to failure. The authorâs of the present paper have conducted such an analysis, based on 130 data sets of field loading tests. Out of these 130 data sets, only 44 could be analysed, of which 15 were conducted until the piles actually reached failure. The pile prediction methods used were: Brinch Hansenâs method (1963), Chinâs method (1970), Decourtâs Extrapolation Method (1999), Mazurkiewiczâs method (1972), Van der Veenâs method (1953), and the Quadratic Hyperbolic Method proposed by Lastiasih et al. (2012). It was obtained that all the above methods were sufficiently reliable when applied to data from pile loading tests that loaded to reach failure. However, when applied to data from pile loading tests that loaded without reaching failure, the methods that yielded lower values for correction factor N are more recommended. Finally, the empirical method of Reese and OâNeill (1988) was found to be reliable enough to be used to estimate the Qult of a pile foundation based on soil data only.

2-D Physical Modeling to Measure the Effectiveness of Perforated Skirt Breakwater for Short-Period Waves Ajiwibowo, Harman
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 43, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

The effectiveness of a breakwater can be measured by quantifying the transmission coefficient (KT). The smaller the coefficient, the better the performance of the breakwater. A physical modeling on the proposed breakwater was conducted to identify the coefficient of Perforated Skirt Breakwater (PSB). The PSB model was tested in 2-D wave flume at Ocean Wave Research Laboratory FTSL ITB, to obtain the effectiveness of PSB for short-period waves (prototype periods, Tp= 4 second and smaller). The scaling of PSB models applies the principle of Froude Similarity, where the Froude number in model equals to the Froude number in prototype (Frm=Frp). The flume is equipped with 5 resistance-type wave probes and 8-channel DAS (Data Acquisition System). Wave heights (H) and wave periods (T) data were observed both manually by visual observation and wave probes readings (processed later with method of âzero mean up-crossingâ technique). The incoming wave heights (Hi) and transmitted wave heights (Ht) were measured and processed to obtain the transmission coefficient (KT). The relationships between KT and non-dimensional variables (skirt draft / incident wave height, S/Hi) are analyzed and the calculated effectiveness of the PSB for varied environmental condition is obtained to be up to 70%.

Determination of Intrinsic Permeability for Packed Waste of Indonesian Solid Waste Rahardyan, Benno; Dwirestiani, Retno; Padmi, Tri
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 42, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Gas permeability and intrinsic permeability are the major parameters to promote aeration for packed waste. The objectives of this research are to identify physical parameters of gas transfer from a various type of packed wastes and examine ventilation design theory for landfill to enhance waste stabilization. Method to determine value of gas permeability and intrinsic permeability for packed waste is by flushing the packed column containing various type and physical characteristics of wastes with an air pump. Permeability was calculated by measuring pressure gradient on sampling points of the column using inclined manometer at distance 10 cm, 23 cm, 46 cm, 69 cm, 92 cm and 115 cm from origin. Gas permeability is specifically relied on physical parameters of wastes as follows, density, moisture content, particle size and gas velocity on the surface of compacted waste layer. Compost has finer pore structure and smaller pore size than leaves as well as mixed organic (65%) and inorganic wastes (35%). The experiment found the intrinsic permeability of leaves waste are in the order of 10-11 to 10-8 m2, 10-11 to 10-9 m2 for compost and 10-9 m2 for mixed organic (65%) and inorganic wastes (35%).

Estimation of Slip Distribution of the 2007 Bengkulu Earthquake from GPS Observations Using the LeastSquares Inversion Method Awaluddin, Moehammad; Meilano, Irwan; Widiyantoro, Sri
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 44, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

ContinuousÂ GlobalÂ PositioningÂ SystemÂ (GPS)Â observationsÂ showed significantÂ crustalÂ displacementsÂ asÂ aÂ resultÂ ofÂ theÂ BengkuluÂ earthquake occurring on September 12, 2007. A maximum horizontal displacement of 2.11 m was observed at PRKB station, while the vertical component at BSAT station was lifted up with a maximum of 0.73 m, and the vertical component at LAIS station had subsidedÂ â0.97 m. Adding more constraints on the inversion for the Bengkulu earthquake slip distribution inferred from GPS observations can help solveÂ theÂ underdeterminedÂ least-squaresÂ inversion.Â CheckerboardÂ testsÂ were performedÂ toÂ helpÂ conductÂ theÂ weightingÂ forÂ constrainingÂ theÂ inversion.Â The inversion calculation yielded an optimal value for the slip distribution by giving the smoothing constraint a weight of 0.001 and the slip constraint a weight of = 0 at the edge of the earthquake rupture area. The maximum co-seismic slip of the optimal inversion calculation was 5.12 m at the lower area of PRKB station and BSAT station. The seismic moment calculated from the optimal slip distribution was 7.14 x 1021 Nm, which is equivalent to a magnitude of 8.5.

Coordinate Systems Integration for Craniofacial Database from Multimodal Devices Suwardhi, Deni; Setan, Halim; Chong, Albert K.; Rajion, Zainul
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 37, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

This study presents a data registration method for craniofacial spatial data of different modalities. The data consists of three dimensional (3D) vector and raster data models. The data is stored in object relational database. The data capture devices are Laser scanner, CT (Computed Tomography) scan and CR (Close Range) Photogrammetry. The objective of the registration is to transform the data from various coordinate systems into a single 3-D Cartesian coordinate system. The standard error of the registration obtained from multimodal imaging devices using 3D affine transformation is in the ranged of 1-2 mm. This study is a step forward for storing the craniofacial spatial data in one reference system in database.

Thermodynamic Property Model of Wide-Fluid Phase Propane Astina, I Made; Firmansyah, Juristiawan
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 39, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

A new thermodynamic property model for propane is expressed in form of the Helmholtz free energy function. It consists of eight terms of the ideal-gas part and eighteen terms of the residual part. Accurate experimental data of fluid properties and theoretical approach from the intermolecular potential were simultaneously considered in the development to insure accuracy and to improve reliability of the equation of state over wide range of pressures and temperatures. Based on the state range of experimental data used in the model development, the validity range is judged from the triple-point of 85.48 K to temperature of 450 K and pressure up to 60 MPa. The uncertainties with respect to different properties are estimated to be within 0.03% in ideal-gas isobaric specific heat, 0.2% in liquid phase density, 0.3% in gaseous phase density 1% in specific heats, 0.1% in vapor-pressure except at very low temperatures, 0.05% in saturated-liquid density, 0.02% in speed of sound of the gaseous phase and 1% in speed of sound of the liquid phase.

Numerical Study of an Ejector as an Expansion Device in Split-type Air Conditioners for Energy Savings Sumeru, Kasni; Sulaimon, Shodiya; Ani, Farid Nasir; Nasution, Henry
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 45, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

The present study describes a numerical approach for determining both the motive nozzle and constant-area diameters of an ejector as an expansion device, based on the cooling capacity of a split-type air-conditioner using R290 as refrigerant. Previous studies have shown that replacement of HCFC R22 with HC290 (propane) in the air conditioner can improve the coefficient of performance (COP). The purpose of replacing the capillary tube with an ejector as an expansion device in a split-type air conditioner using HC290 is to further improve the COP. In developing the model, conservation laws of mass, momentum and energy equations were applied to each part of the ejector. The numerical results show that the motive nozzle diameter remains constant (1.03 mm) under varying condenser temperatures, whereas the diameter of the constant-area decreases as the condenser temperature increases. It was also found that improvement of the COP can reach 32.90% at a condenser temperature of 55 Â°C. From the results mentioned above, it can be concluded that the use of an ejector can further improve the COP of a split-type air conditioner using HC290 as working fluid.

Behavior of Shear Link of WFSection with Diagonal Web Stiffener of Eccentrically Braced Frame (EBF) of Steel Structure Yurisman, Yurisman; Budiono, Bambang; Moestopo, Muslinang; Suarjana, Made
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 42, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

This paper presents results of numerical and experimental study of shear link behavior, utilizing diagonal stiffener on web of steel profile to increase shear link performance in an eccentric braced frame (EBF) of a steel structure system. The specimen is to examine the behavior of shear link by using diagonal stiffener on web part under static monotonic and cyclic load. The cyclic loading pattern conducted in the experiment is adjusted according to AISC loading standards 2005. Analysis was carried out using non-linear finite element method using MSC/NASTRAN software. Link was modeled as CQUAD shell element. Along the boundary of the loading area the nodal are constraint to produce only one direction loading. The length of the link in this analysis is 400mm of the steel profile of WF 200.100. Important parameters considered to effect significantly to the performance of shear link have been analyzed, namely flange and web thicknesses, thickness and length of web stiffener, thickness of diagonal stiffener and geometric of diagonal stiffener. The behavior of shear link with diagonal web stiffener was compared with the behavior of standard link designed based on AISC 2005 criteria. Analysis results show that diagonal web stiffener is capable to increase shear link performance in terms of stiffness, strength and energy dissipation in supporting lateral load. However, differences in displacement ductilityâs between shear links with diagonal stiffener and shear links based on AISC standards have not shown to be significant. Analysis results also show thickness of diagonal stiffener and geometric model of stiffener to have a significant influence on the performance of shear links. To perform validation of the numerical study, the research is followed by experimental work conducted in Structural Mechanic Laboratory Center for Industrial Engineering ITB. The Structures and Mechanics Lab rotary PAU-ITB. The experiments were carried out using three test specimens with model and dimension identical to the model in the numerical study. Experimental testing apparently has shown results of the same behavior as predicted in the numerical study. However, when it is compared to the shape of the hysterical curve, a slight difference is apparent. This is due to the influence of stiffness of bolt joints and the supports which is difficult to model precisely in the numerical studies.Â

Skin Region Segmentation based on the Average Preprocessed Image of Multicolor Face Image Sequence Wei, Li; He, Xianbo; Jiao, Fangyuan
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 46, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

For face images with unbalance color and light, this paper proposed a method of skin region segmentation based on preprocessing of multicolor face image sequence. In this method, the multicolor face images of the sequence were preprocessed to remove color offset and uneven brightness. Then the color informations of preprocessed face images were jointly used for taking the average to remove noise and smooth the face image. Finally, for the average preprocessed face image, based on the established ellipse skin model, the skin region segmentation was realized. Experiments show that, this method had good performance.

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