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INDONESIA
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 19784279     EISSN : 25494082     DOI : 10.20473
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Immunology & microbiology Public Health
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 505 Documents
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Histopathological Progression and Clinicopathologic Factors Associated with Anogenital Condyloma Acuminata: A Pathological Perspective From a Tertiary Hospital in Indonesia Husnayain, Karimah Ihda; Usman, Hermin Aminah; Etis Primastari; Pati Aji Achdiat
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 38 No. 1 (2026): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikkk.V38.1.2026.27-38

Abstract

Background: Anogenital condyloma acuminata (CA) is a benign lesion caused by low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). Although typically benign and non-dysplastic, a subset may undergo histopathological progression. Histopathology is essential not only for diagnosis but also for early detection of malignant transformation. In people living with HIV (PLHIV), immunosuppression may further modify the course of CA. Purpose: To analyze clinicopathologic and sexual behavioral factors associated with HIV status in patients with CA and to evaluate histopathological progression from a pathological perspective. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study included 224 patients with histopathologically confirmed CA at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, between 2023 and 2024. Sociodemographic, clinicopathologic, and sexual behavioral data were retrieved from medical records. Associations with HIV status were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests and multivariate logistic regression. Result: Among 224 patients, 87 (38.8%) were HIV-positive. Bisexual orientation (aOR: 12.52; 95% CI: 1.03–151.98), lesion duration >6 months (aOR: 6.14; 95% CI: 1.74–21.72), and internal lesion location (aOR: 0.17; 95% CI: 0.03–0.88) were independent predictors of HIV positivity. Histopathological progression was identified in 13 patients (5.8%), comprising eight low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, three high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and two squamous cell carcinomas. It occured in both HIV-positive (n=3) and HIV-negative (n=10). Conclusion: HIV is highly prevalent among CA patients, with sexual and clinicopathologic factors as significant predictors. The identification of histopathological progression, including malignant transformation, highlights the crucial role of pathology and emphasizes the necessity for routine histopathological evaluation to detect malignant potential.
The Association of Gut Microbiomes in Skin Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta–analysis Anggraini, Ita; Esti, Prima Kartika; Komarasari, Eka
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 38 No. 1 (2026): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikkk.V38.1.2026.55-65

Abstract

Background: The popularity of using probiotics to treat various diseases, including skin conditions, has been on the rise. It is widely recognized that skin cancer results from the uncontrolled growth of tumor cells, initiated by multiple contributing factors. Emerging research indicates that alterations in the gut microbiome may also play a role in the incidence of skin cancer. Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between gut microbiomes and skin cancer. Methods: This systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library databases for original articles published from 2015 to 2025. The focus of the study was the association of gut microbiomes in skin cancer. Then, the selected studies would be assessed for eligibility using the JBI critical appraisal, bias risk using RevMan tools, and meta-analysis using forest plotsesult: Of five studies, 261 subjects met the inclusion criteria. The combined odds ratio (OR) found in this study was 2.81, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 1.97 to 3.99. According to the forest plot, there was a statistically significant overall effect observed (Z = 5.74; p < 0.00001), indicating a strong and meaningful association of the investigated variable. Although the studies related to the association of gut microbiomes in skin cancer were still limited, most of them showed similar results. Conclusion: There is an association of gut microbiomes in skin cancer. This study could lead to novel therapeutic strategies, where modulating the gut microbiome becomes a skin cancer treatment and prevention plan
Antifungal Inhibitory Activity Test of Papaya Leaf (Carica papaya L.) Ethanol Extract Against the Growth of Trichophyton mentagrophytes Siregar, Intan Permata Rambin; Lingga, Febrina Dewi Pratiwi
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 38 No. 1 (2026): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikkk.V38.1.2026.1-6

Abstract

Background: Trichophyton mentagrophytes is one of the dermatophyte species that commonly infects keratin-rich tissues such as hair, skin, and nails. These infections may lead to various forms of tinea and remain a significant health concern. Meanwhile, papaya (Carica papaya L.) is widely recognized as a medicinal plant traditionally used in various treatments. Papaya leaves contain several bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, which are considered to have potential antifungal activity. Therefore, papaya leaves are regarded as a promising subject for further investigation as an alternative therapeutic option for dermatophyte infections. Purpose: To determine the inhibitory effect of ethanol extract of papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) on the growth of Trichophyton mentagrophytes.  Methods: This study employed a quantitative experimental method with a posttest-only control group design, using treatments of ethanol extract of papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) at concentrations of 30%, 40%, and 50%, along with itraconazole (positive control) and DMSO (negative control). The test used potato dextrose agar and the disk diffusion method to observe the concentrations that affect the growth of Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Result: It was proven that ethanol extract of papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) at concentrations of 30%, 40%, and 50% could inhibit the growth of Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) has potential as an antifungal agent against Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The 50% concentration showed the greatest inhibitory effect compared to the 30% and 40% concentrations.
The Relationship Between the Use of Headscarves (Hijab) and Hair Loss (Effluvium) Prevalence in Medical Students Lingga, Febrina Dewi Pratiwi; Vania, Tiara Dwi
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 38 No. 1 (2026): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikkk.V38.1.2026.66-70

Abstract

Background: In general, female students wear the headscarves for extended periods during daily activities. Prolonged headscarf use keeps the hair covered and pulled, creating a more humid environment with reduced oxygen flow and retained heat around the scalp. As a result, scalp complaints such as limp hair, dandruff, and hair loss (effluvium) are commonly reported among headscarf users. Both internal and external factors can cause hair loss (effluvium). To determine whether there is a relationship between headscarf use and hair loss (effluvium) in medical students of the University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra class of 2020. Methods: This study is an analytical observational study with univariate and bivariate analysis, using the cross-sectional method. Data collection used a questionnaire. The number of samples in this study was 62. The sample in this study were students of the Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah University of North Sumatra, class of 2020. Results: The bivariate analysis yielded a p-value of ​​0.740 (p>0.05). with the number of headscarf users who are proper and experience hair loss and do not experience hair loss respectively 25 people (49.9%) vs 26 people (51%). While in the group of headscarf users who are improper, those who experience hair loss and those who do not are respectively 6 people (54.5%) vs 5 people (45.5%). Conclusion: No significant association was found between headscarf use and hair loss.
Demographic Profile and Clinical Manifestations of Scabies Among Boarding School Students Widyantari, Septiana; Widia, Yuri; Damayanti; Kusumaputra, Bagus Haryo; Listiawan, Muhammad Yulianto; Endaryanto, Anang; Prakoeswa, Cita Rosita Sigit
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 38 No. 1 (2026): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikkk.V38.1.2026.14-19

Abstract

Background: Scabies, a contagious skin disease, remains a global health problem to date. Based on the Global Burden of Diseases Study, Indonesia ranked 1st in 2015 and 3rd in 2021. This disease affects everyone regardless of age, sex, race, or socioeconomic status. Children and the elderly are the most vulnerable groups. Specific communities, such as dormitory residents, also have a higher risk of contracting scabies. The high prevalence of scabies among children in boarding schools deserves special attention. Purpose: To describe demographic characteristic and clinical manifestations of scabies among boarding school students. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study evaluated age, nutritional status (based on measurements of body weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI), duration of stay in the boarding school, duration of illness, extent of affected body area, and variations in clinical symptoms. Result: A total of 41 male students with a mean age of 13.27 years were included in this study. Based on BMI-for-age-Z score (BAZ) assesment, majority (90.2%) had normal nutritional status. Regarding duration of illness, 25 individuals (61%) reported symptoms for ≤1 month, while 16 individuals (39%) experienced symptoms for > 1 month. Most participants (39 students ;95%) had stayed in the boarding school for > 3 months. In term of clinical manifestations, based on the extent of affected body areas, 22% of cases were classified as moderate, and 78% as severe. Conclusion: Fortyone individuals with a mean age of 13.27 years and good nutritional status exhibited clinical features categorized as moderate and severe.

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