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Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23032162     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
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Articles 295 Documents
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Tracking the morphological diversity of Bucephalandra motleyana Schott (1858 (Araceae) using its commercial name in the proximities of Jakarta, Indonesia Media Fitri Isma Nugraha; Ina Erlinawati; Deni Sahroni; Wening Enggarini; Rossa Yunita; Muhammad Yamin
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.8.1.1-8.2020

Abstract

Bucephalandra Schott, Gen. Aroid. (1858) is a genus within Araceae family and assigned to some aquatic plants endemic to Borneo Island, currently representing 31 species. Bucephalandra species are known as ornamental aquatic plants and common for aquascaping. These aquatic plants are highly valued, approximately € 300 in European ornamental aquatic markets and Rp 50,000–700,000 in local markets. We collected 195 specimens of Bucephalandra from 5 ornamental aquatic plant markets in the proximity of Jakarta City, Indonesia. This study is based on repeated confusion with overwhelmed vernacular names assigned for Bucephalandra in the markets. Therefore, the aims of this study are to collect and to identify of Bucephalandra offered in the aquatic plant markets with emphasis on Bucephalandra motleyana Schott 1858. Specimen identification are mostly based on reference specimens stored in the Herbarium Bogoriense Botany Division – Research Centre for Biology – Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Cibinong. As result, this study collected 110 specimens belonged to Bucephalandra motleyana Schott 1858 and 85 specimens identified as other species within this genus.
Ultrastructure Morphology of Melastoma L. (Melastomataceae) Pollen. Lilis Suryani; Fitria Ramona
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.8.1.9-13.2020

Abstract

Melastoma L. is the type genus of Melastomataceae. While Melastoma malabathricum is the type species with the mostwide spread distribution compared to other species in this genus. This research aim to study ultrastructure morphology of Melastoma pollen. The research was carried out by collecting species which included into Melastoma genus using survey method. Ultrastructure morphology of pollen was observed with Scanning Electron Microscope Type JSM-IT-200. Pollen samples originated from the pre-anthesis Melastoma flowers. The pollen was fixated, dehydrated and coated before observed, photographed and identified with electrone microscope. One species, M. malabathricum, has prolate spheroidal pollen. Four other species, M. setigerum, M. baccarianum, M.minahasae and M. malabathricum var. malabathricum, with oblate spheroidal pollen. The scanning results from electron microscope onto these five Melastoma species observed an aperture like a gap called colpus that varied in number. Pollen ornamentation resemble striate type on these five Melastoma species.
Addition of Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) to Induction of Drendan Seeds Buds (Lansium domesticum var. aqueum (Jack) Miq.) by In Vitro Mayta Novaliza Isda; Febby Ika Desyana
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 8, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.8.2.61-68.2020

Abstract

Drendan (Lansium domesticum var. aqueum (Jack) Miq. is one of Indonesia's native tropical fruits. Drendan has high antioxidant activity and contains high nutrients, but has started to rarely be found in the field because its management and cultivation is rarely done due to its sour taste in vitro culture is a method or technique of plant propagation which can be an alternative to obtaining drendan seedlings in large quantities and in a short time vegetatively. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of BAP on shoot induction from drendan seed explants and determine the best concentration of BAP on shoot growth of drendan seed explants in vitro. This study used a completely randomized design with BAP concentrations of 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 mg / L BAP. The result of this research is the addition of BAP has been able to increase the percentage of live explants and the percentage of shoot formation. Giving BAP did not significantly affect the number of shoots and had a significant effect on shoot emergence time and shoot length. The addition of BAP resulted in slower shoot emergence time. Giving BAP was not able to stimulate shoot induction, but the addition of BAP could increase shoot length growth at a concentration of 5 mg / L BAP of 0.52 cm.
The Growth of Coastal Cottonwood (Hibiscus tiliaceus Linn.) Seedlings by Inoculating Arbuscular Mychorrhiza Fungi (AMF) on Sand Beach Planting Media Nailul Rahmi Aulya; Zozy Aneloi Noli; Suwirmen Suwirmen
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 8, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.8.2.36-40.2020

Abstract

Hibiscus tiliaceus L. is a seaside plant that has several benefits, one of which is as a producer of paper fiber. H. tiliaceus need a better nutrient to grow on coastal land that is still constrained by the high level of salinity. By this, a special treatment is needed to support its growth. One of them is the application of mycorrhizal inoculants. Mycorrhizae is known as one of the fungi that can help plants tolerate salinity. The aims of the research were to determine the effect of AMF inoculants and determine the best doses of AMF to the seedling growth. The research used completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments were (A) without AMF (control), (B) inoculation AMF 10 g/plant, (C) inoculation AMF 15 g/plant, (D) inoculation AMF 20 g/plant and (E) inoculation AMF 25 g/plant. The result showed that AMF can infect the roots of hibiscus seedlings with an infection degree of 18-34%. However, it has not been able to have a significant effect on shoot length, number of leaves, dry weight of root, and dry weight of shoot.
Plant Breeding Through Protoplast Fusion Devi Armita
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 8, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.8.2.42-47.2020

Abstract

Protoplast culture (protoplast fusion) is one method of tissue culture that is widely used in plant breeding programs in a relatively short time. This method is used to overcome the problem of plants that are difficult or impossible to cross conventionally as well as used for species improvement by transferring the desired gene from the donor plant to the target plant via protoplast fusion. Protoplast fusion makes it possible to produce plants that are resistant to a disease and various abiotic stresses, rapid growth rates and have a better quantity and quality of metabolites than their parents. Various factors affect the success of fusion and regeneration of protoplasts into whole plants, including the source of explants, the composition of the enzyme solution and the duration of incubation, fusagen type and culture media for regeneration.
Antimicrobial Activity of Skin Secretion of Rana hosii Frog (Anura: Ranidae) against several pathogenic microbes Feskaharny Alamsjah; Djong Hon Tjong; Zil Fadhillah Rahma
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 8, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.8.2.48-53.2020

Abstract

The research on antimicrobial activity of skin secretion derived from Rana hosii (Anura: Ranidae) against several pathogenic microbes had been conducted at Microbiology Laboratory and at Genetics and Biomolecular Laboratory, both in the Biology Department, Universitas Andalas. The research used to survey and experimental methods. The study aimed to determine the effectivity of Rana hosii skin secretion to inhibit microbial activity, hence it tested onto some pathogenic microbes such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The results showed that the biggest inhibition zone formed against E. coli was 10.96 + 0.63 mm, on S. aureus was 11.74 + 1.00 mm, while on C. albicans was 7.42 + 0.80 mm. The results indicated that the skin secretions from Rana hosii frog could be a potential broad-spectrum antibacterial, and antifungal activity against C. albicans.
Shoot induction on several cutting types of corm of shrimp banana (Musa acuminata Colla) through in vitro culture Mayta Novaliza Isda; Elvianis Elvianis; Siti Fatonah
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.8.1.20-28.2020

Abstract

Musa acuminata Colla is a unique genomic species which differs from other species in this genus. It has typical color of reddish-purple on its fruit. Musa acuminata is recorded as rare banana in Riau, particularly in Kampar District. This research aims to study the influence of several cutting types of corm of shrimp banana originated from Kampar District through in vitro culture. It also purposes to determine the best formation of M. acuminata shoot through various concentration treatments of BAP only and BAP combined with Kinetin. The study used randomized block design (RBD) by adding come BAP concentration (0, 4, 8 mg/l) and BAP combined with Kinetin (0 mg/l BAP+0.4 mg/l Kinetin, 4 mg/l BAP+0.4 mg/l Kinetin, and 8 mg/l BAP+ 0.4 mg/l Kinetin). The cutting type of banana corm involve no cut (whole) and half-to-half cutting in MS media, each with 5 replicates. The result showed that either addition of BAP and BAP combined with Kinetin gave the best percentage of live explants and shot formation up to 100%. Treatment of 8 mg/l BAP resulted in the highest shoot percentage up to 100%, the fastest shoots appearance at 34.00 days after planting and the longest shoot reached 2.83 cm with 2.33 shoots counted on half-to-half cutting type. This study also confirmed that the addition of plant regulation substances from cytokinin group gave good impact in the formation of shrimp banana shoots.
Diversity of Ground-foraging Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Bukit Kasang and Lubuk Bonta, Padang Pariaman District, West Sumatra Meylia Alvareza; Fitra Arya Dwi Nugraha; Irma Leilani; Rijal Satria
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 8, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.8.2.54-60.2020

Abstract

The Study of ground-foraging ant diversity was conducted in Bukit Kasang and Lubuk Bonta, Padang Pariaman District, West Sumatera from April to December 2019. The pitfall trap was used to collect the ground-foraging ants on the area in seven type of habitats. A total 35 species belonging to 23 genera, 4 subfamilies were collected, with Camponotus (4 spp.), Pheidole (3 spp.), and Leptogenys (3 spp.) being the taxa with the most species. Myrmicinae is subfamily with the highest number of species with 15 species, followed by Formicinae (10 spp.), Ponerinae (8 spp.) and Dolichoderinae (2 spp.).
Root induction on siam orange (Citrus nobilis Lour.) originated from Kampar using in vitro shoot in MS media enriched with IBA and NAA Rasyidah Ulfa; Mayta Novaliza Isda
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.8.1.29-35.2020

Abstract

Siam orange (Citrus nobilis Lour.) is a prominent agriculture commodity in Riau province. It tastes sweet, with fragrant aroma and thin skin. Its cultivation, however, needs improvement to gain better quality of product. One effort that is using the in vitro culture. The study aimed to determine the best IBA and NAA concentrations to trigger root formation on siam orange transplant and used Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The result showed that the rooting reached 100% on all treatments. The fastest rooting was observed in 2 mg/L IBA treatment (7.67 days after planting). The most root growth was obtained with combination of 0.5 mg/L NAA with 1.5 mg/L IBA (2.67 units). The longest root was obtained through the mixture of 1.5 mg/L NAA with 0.5 mg/L IBA (2.27 cm).
Bioassessment of Batang Kandis River Water Quality Using Macrozoobenthos in Koto Tangah district, Padang City Mhd Nur Allatif; Izmiarti Izmiarti; Nofrita Nofrita
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 9, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.9.1.18-24.2021

Abstract

This study was conducted from July to December 2019 which was aimed to determine the composition of macrozoobenthic community and to assess the water quality of the Batang Kandis river based on the BMWP ASPT index. A survey method was used in this study. The study site was determined by purposive sampling based on environmental condition which was divided into four stations. Macrozoobenthos samples were taken using a surber net (30 x 30 cm2). The physical and chemical factors of water condition were measured during sampling time. The results showed that 23 genera of macrozoobenthic communities were found in the Batang Kandis river which were consisted of two classes i.e., Hirudinea (1 order, 1 family, 1 genus) and Insect (7 orders, 14 families, 22 genera). These macrozoobenthic communities had an average density ranges from 220.00 - 706.67 ind. m-2 with the highest density was found at Station II and the lowest one at Station IV. Variation in the predominant genus was found at every station: Orthocladius and Elophila (station I); Polypedilum, Orthocladius, Elophila, and Hydropsyche (station II); Polypedylum, Macropelopia, and Caenis (station III); and Polypedylum, Orthocladius, and Caenis (station IV). The water quality of Batang Kandis river was classified into not polluted (station I, II and III) to slightly polluted (station IV) based on the BMWP-ASPT indexes. 

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