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INDONESIA
Jurnal Solum
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 18297994     EISSN : 02560835     DOI : https://doi.org/10.2057/jsolum
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
Focuses and scopes of Jurnal Solum is to publishes all aspects in the original research of soil science or review covering: Soil physic and soil conservation, Soil mineralogy, Soil chemistry and soil fertility, Soil biology and soil biochemical, Soil genesis and classification, Land survey and land evaluation, Land development and management environmental.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Tanah
Articles 173 Documents
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Subsiden, Emisi Karbon Dan Fisik Tanah Gambut Terbakar Dan Tidak Terbakar Di Areal Konservasi Gambut Nuriman, Muhammad
Jurnal Solum Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsolum.21.1.14-21.2024

Abstract

Today, peatland fires cause peat soil changes and release carbon emissions. The area protected as a peat conservation area in 2019 was not spared from fire incidents, where the land is an area with a maintained groundwater level and has monitoring data on groundwater level and peat thickness. This paper aimed to identify the subsidence, carbon emissions, and several physical properties of peat soil in burned and unburned peat conservation areas. The variables measured were hydraulic conductivity, subsidence, bulk density, water content, carbon content, and carbon emissions. The number of observation plots was 6 plots, with three (3) unburned plots and three (3) burned plots located in the Peat Conservation Area in Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan. The six observation plots were in peatlands with the Typic Haplohemists subgroup, and shrub land cover. The results showed that the hydraulic conductivity and carbon content in unburned and burned land were not statistically and significantly different (P>0.05). The values of bulk density, water content, subsidence, and carbon emissions on burned land were significantly different (P<0.05) compared to unburned land. Subsidence in unburned locations was 1.83 ± 0.44 cm, while in burned areas it was 5.56 ± 0.84 cm. The amount of subsidence affects the amount of carbon emissions resulting from the loss of peat layers, namely on unburned land it was 9.24 ±3.13 tonnes/ha, and 35.53±3.73 tonnes/ha on burned land. The results of carbon emissions from subsidence caused by land fires can be determined as a basic emission factor for these two land conditions with similar peat characteristics. Keywords : Peat Fires, Peat Conservation Areas, Physical Properties of Peat, Subsidence, Carbon Emissions
PENDUGAAN EROSI TANAH PADA BERBAGAI PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DAN KEMIRINGAN LERENG DI KECAMATAN WONOSALAM, KABUPATEN JOMBANG Charismanda, Muhammad Luthfi
Jurnal Solum Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsolum.21.1.1-13.2024

Abstract

Indonesia is a tropical country prone to land degradation, with erosion being one of the main causes. The damage and loss of hydrological and economic functions are consequences of erosion. Wonosalam Subdistrict, Jombang Regency, is an area located at the foot of Mt. Anjasmoro, ranging in elevation from 600 to 1200 meters above sea level (masl). Wonosalam Subdistrict excels in the plantation sector, particularly in Jombang Regency. The area's characteristics, marked by steep slopes and numerous dragon's back ridges, make it highly susceptible to erosion. Consequently, if land management does not adhere to soil and water conservation principles, a decline in soil function will adversely impact the key sector of plantations. This study employed a descriptive-exploratory method through field surveys and purposive sampling. Samples were taken at various slope levels, including gentle slopes (8-15%), moderately steep slopes (16-25%), and steep slopes (26-40%), across forest, plantation, dryland cultivation, and paddy fields. Erosion estimation utilized the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) proposed by Wichsmeier and Smith (1978). The research findings indicate that the Land Unit with the highest actual erosion value is dryland cultivation with a slope of 25-40% or T1K3, with a value of 1238.44 tons/ha/year. In contrast, the lowest is Paddy Field 3 with a slope of 8-15% or Sw1K3 with a value of 0.16 tons/ha/year. Conservation guidelines are determined based on the Erosion Index (EI), prioritizing the scale to identify the lands that require immediate restoration. All dryland fall under Priority I in the conservation plan. Conservation directives involve both vegetative and mechanical methods, such as constructing bench terraces and planting crops suitable for the socio-economic conditions of the Wonosalam Subdistrict, such as coffee or durian.
Evaluation of the Fertility Status of Rice Fields in Giri Jaya Village, Nagrak District, Sukabumi Regency Rahmayuni, Erlina
Jurnal Solum Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsolum.21.1.22-29.2024

Abstract

Rice field management plays a crucial role in successfully increasing rice production. This research aims to assess the fertility status of rice fields situated at varying altitudes in Giri Village, Nagrak District, Sukabumi Regency. The research comprises three stages, which include: Field research, Laboratory research, encompassing the analysis of soil chemical properties. Data analysis, conducted both descriptively and quantitatively. Composite soil samples from rice fields were collected at three different elevations (top, middle, and bottom) at a depth of 1-20 cm in the surface layer of the rice field soil. Analysis of paddy soil samples involved measuring pH H2O using the electrometric method, total N, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) using the titrimetric method, potential K2O using the flame photometric method, potential P2O5 and organic C using the spectrophotometric method, K-dd and Na-dd using the flame photometric method, and Ca-dd and Mg-dd using the AAS method. Data obtained from soil analysis at different elevations were compared based on soil type for each observed parameter. The research results indicate that the evaluation of nutrient status is influenced by altitude. Land situated at lower elevations exhibits better soil fertility status, followed by land at the upper and middle elevations. Keywords: Altitude, Andisols, Erosion, Rice fields, Soil fertility.
DINAMIKA pH TANAH BERPIRIT AKIBAT PERUBAHAN KONDISI AIR DAN APLIKASI AMELIORAN Marsi, Marsi
Jurnal Solum Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsolum.21.1.30-42.2024

Abstract

Naturally, during dry season, pyrite tent to be oxidized due to soil water content and groundwater level decrease. This paper aims to evaluate the influence of soil water condition and ameliorants on pyritic soil pH dynamics. Pyritic soil was taken from a depth of 70-90 cm below soil surface in the acid sulphate land located at Mulyasari Village, Tanjung Lago District, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra. The research was carried out in greenhouse with 2 treatment factors, namely: Water condition (K1 = water condition maintained at 5 cm above soil surface during incubation period and K2 = water condition at 5 cm above soil surface and allowed to decrease during incubation period) and ameliorant (T = Without Ameliorant, B = Organic Matter, D = Dolomite, P = Phosphate Fertilizer and S = Silicate Coal Ash). The results showed that pyritic soil pH tended to be stable during incubation period for K1 treatment, and pH of soil treated with dolomite > Silicate Coal Ash > Organic Matter > P Fertilizer > Without Ameliorant. Meanwhile for K2 treatment, soil pH tended to decrease with the highest rates are 21.58x10-2, 19.33x10-2, 4.38x10-2, 7.50x10-2, and 12.07x10-2 pH unit per day, respectively for without ameliorant, organic matter, dolomite, phosphate fertilizer and silicate coal ash. The highest rate of decrease in pH of pyritic soil occurred in the range of decreasing water content from 66.31 to 41.73% for without ameliorant, organic matter and phosphate fertilizer, from 41.73 to 13.93% for silicate coal ash, and from 13 .93 to 8.22 % for dolomite. These findings can be applied for managing pyritic soil by maintaining soil water content from falling under water content critical limit range and under uncontrolled dry conditions it is recommended to use lime to minimize pyrite oxidation.
Effect of NPK Bio-Organomineral Dosage on Growth and Yield of Rice Plants on Industrial Waste Polluted Land Pangestu, Catherine Febriana
Jurnal Solum Vol. 22 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Rice is a staple food in Indonesia and its production is crucial to meet the increasing demand. However, industrial pollution poses a threat to rice cultivation, particularly in the Rancaekek paddy fields. This study aimed to investigate the effect of NPK Bio-Organomineral fertilizer on the growth and yield of rice plants in industrially polluted land. The experiment was in September 2023-February 2024 and conducted in a greenhouse using Inpari 32 rice varieties. The research was set up in a randomized block design with eight treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of: control (no fertilization), NPK 250 kg/ha, and NPK Bio-Organomineral treatment with doses of 125; 250; 375; 500; 625; 750 kg/ha. The results showed that the application of NPK Bio-Organomineral fertilizer increased the number of productive tillers, vegetative tillers, and grain dry weight. The optimal dose of NPK Bio-Organomineral fertilizer at a dose of 750 kg/ha showed the best results in increasing the number of vegetative tillers and productive tillers, while the dose of 375 kg/ha showed the best results economically in increasing the grain dry weight. This study shows that Bio-Organomineral NPK fertilizer can be an effective solution to improve soil fertility and increase rice yields on industrial waste polluted land.
Soil chemical characteristics and phosphatase activity in soil of two mangosteen cultivation patterns in the mangosteen thematic village, District of pauh, Padang Agustian; Dwipa, Indra; Yunita, Roza; Ninda Rosadi, Firsta; Dwi Putri, Kesi
Jurnal Solum Vol. 22 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This research discusses the critical role of phosphatase enzymes in soil, particularly in the phosphorus cycle and soil fertility. Acid and alkaline phosphatases are identified as crucial components, with their activities serving as indicators of soil fertility. This study evaluates the soil chemical and biological characteristics in mangosteen orchards in the Mangosteen Thematic Village, specifically in monoculture and polyculture cultivation patterns on slopes ranging from 8-15%. Soil pH, organic C, available P, total P, soil respiration, microbial C-biomass, and phosphatase enzyme activities were assessed at 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm depths. Total P did not show significant changes based on cultivation patterns. The results show that the soil pH values tend to be acidic to slightly acidic (5.21- 5.45) with no significant differences based on depth. Organic C, available P, soil respiration, microbial C-biomass, and acid phosphatase enzyme activity were higher in polyculture cultivation patterns but alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity was higher in monoculture. The cultivation pattern influences the dynamics of agricultural ecosystems and should be considered in land management to enhance productivity and soil ecosystem balance.
KAJIAN BEBERAPA KARAKTERISTIK TANAH GAMBUT PADA LAHAN TERBAKAR DAN TIDAK TERBAKAR DI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT Virmanto, Dedy; Sa'ad, Asmadi; Arsyad, AR; Ermadani, Ermadani
Jurnal Solum Vol. 19 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsolum.19.2.43-52.2022

Abstract

The excessive drainage system on peat causes the peat to dry out, especially during the dry season. This condition triggers the occurrence of extensive and intensive land fires, which causes changes in the characteristics of peat soils. This study aimed to study the characteristics of peat soil consisting of several physical and chemical properties of peat on burned and unburned land in oil palm plantations in Pematang Raman Village, Kumpeh District, Muaro Jambi Regency. The research was carried out using a survey method. Observation block area was determined by purposive sampling based on adjacent land conditions (burned and unburned). Observation points were set on a grid that was perpendicular to the canal with a horizontal distance of 200 m from 1000 m block length and a vertical distance of 50 m from 300 m block width with an area of each block + 30 ha. The time interval between the fire incident and sampling was 17 months. Soil samples were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm. The results showed that the physical and chemical properties of burnt and unburned peat showed differences in the level of maturity, physical and chemical properties of the soil. Burnt peat soil had a faster weathering rate as indicated by the dominance of the sapric maturity level in the top layer (0-20 cm) and below the surface (20-40 cm). The bulk density, ash content, and pH of the burned peat soil were higher, while the C-organic content, total N, C/N, and water content were lower.Keywords: burned; chemical and physical properties; peat soils
Pola Frekuensi Kebutuhan Air Irigasi pada beberapa Penggunaan Lahan dengan Teknologi Otomatisasi Monitoring Pengendalian Kelembaban Tanah berbasis Sensor Dielektrik Putri, Elsa Lolita; Fitriani, Nur; Hermawan, Bandi; Herman, Welly
Jurnal Solum Vol. 19 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsolum.19.2.53-61.2022

Abstract

Indonesia is an agrarian country and requires the development of improvements in soil productivity. The decline in soil productivity for agriculture is currently caused by several factors, namely land conversion to a decrease in the quantity of ground water. The actual frequency pattern of irrigation water needs with the application of dielectric sensor technology is carried out in cultivation in order to create efficiency in the provision of irrigation water. This research was conducted using a single factor experimental method with repeated measurements on three types of land use, namely land without vegetation, soil with grass vegetation, and soil with tomato cultivation. Measurements were carried out using an automated application of soil moisture monitoring based on dielectric technology with two measuring periods. Each measuring period consists of two weeks or fourteen days. Soil sample analysis was carried out at the Bengkulu University soil laboratory. The results of the observations were analyzed using variance (ANOVA) on the 5% F test table, the BNT test was carried out at the 5% level on data that had a significant effect. The results showed that the frequency of giving irrigation water on the 1st day to the 14th day in the 2 observation periods on the Bera land was the most common compared to the use of grass vegetated land and the use of tomato cultivation land, which was 5 times in the 1st and 4th periods. times in the 2nd period with 14 days each. Provision of irrigation water will stop automatically when the dielectrometer shows the field capacity so that it can show the frequency of giving different water to each field.Key words : Dielectric; Frequency; Irrigation water
Kombinasi Aplikasi Biochar dan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Terhadap Jagung Manis Pada Entisol Herman, Welly; Zakaria, Edi; Nusantara, Abimanyu Dipo; Gusmara, Herry; Putri, Elsa Lolita
Jurnal Solum Vol. 19 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsolum.19.2.62-69.2022

Abstract

Entisols are sandy soils with P and K in form still fresh and cannot be absorbed by plants, thereby affecting plant growth and production. Therefore, it is necessary to add rice husk biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to help provide nutrients to support the growth of sweet corn plants. The research was carried out from August to October 2020 in Beringin Raya Village, Bengkulu City with coordinates S03°45,434' E102°15,687'. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor was the dose of rice husk biochar: 0, 5, and 10 tons ha-1 ; and the second factor was the AMF dose of 0, 5, and 10 g of propagule. The total 27 units was obtained from nine treatment combinations that was repeated three times. Each experimental unit consisted of 2 sample plants so that there were 54 polybags. Soil parameters observations were soil pH, CEC, organic C, nutrient levels of N, P, K and P uptake. Phosphor uptake was calculated based on the total dry weight of plants x nutrient content of P. The variables observed in plants were plant height, root length, plant dry weight (roots and stems), ear length, cob diameter, cob weight. The result was no interaction between rice husk biochar and AMF on growth, P uptake, and yield of sweet corn. Application 10 tons ha-1 of rice husk biochar of biochar and inoculation of 10 g of plant propagule-1 gave the best results on growth, P uptake, and yield of sweet corn.Keywords: Biochar: Entisols, Mycorrhizal
Penentuan Kesehatan DAS Welang Sesuai Nilai Daya Dukung DAS Berdasarkan Kriteria Lahan Prameswari, Anindya Hayu; Maroeto, Maroeto; Purwadi, Purwadi
Jurnal Solum Vol. 20 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsolum.20.1.1-10.2023

Abstract

The availability of land is dwindling along with the high population growth rate in each part of the Welang watershed, which has resulted in the health of the Welang watershed declining. Assessment of the health of the Welang watershed based on land criteria is expected to be able to determine the ability of the Welang watershed to provide for the needs of the community around the watershed. This study aims to determine the management and the condition of the carrying capacity of the watershed in terms of land criteria. Determination of watershed health was done by assessing the value of watershed carrying capacity according to the Regulation of the Minister of Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number: P.61/Menhut-II/2014 concerning Monitoring and Evaluation of Watershed Management. The carrying capacity value is reviewed based on land criteria, including: a) the percentage of critical land (PCL) through the calculation of critical land area, b) the percentage of vegetation cover (PVV) through the calculation of permanent vegetation area and c) the erosion index (EI) using the USLE approach. The Welang watershed is divided into upstream, middle and downstream areas of Bromo and Arjuno,. The results show that the carrying capacity of each part of the watershed is poor to moderate. The Arjuno upstream with the highest value of 50 is classified as bad class according to the percentage of PCL of 38.44%, PVV 66.92% and IE 1.88 tons/ha/year. Upstream Bromo has a value of 47.5 which is classified as poor class according to the PCL value of 28.10%, PVV 38.44% and EI 0.15 tons/ha/year. The downstream watershed has a value of 40, which is classified as medium class according to the percentage of critical land value of 0%, PVV 2.07% and EI 0.74 tons/ha/year and middle class has the lowest value 37.5 which is classified as medium class according to the PCL value of 6.44%, PVV 15.87% and EI 0.74 tons/ha/year. Based on the high PCL values in the upstream and middle areas which are classified as high, it can be concluded that the carrying capacity value of Arjuno and Bromo watershed is classified into the poor class as a result of the PCL values in the upstream and middle areas which are classified as high.Keywords: Carrying capacity, Erosion Index, Watershed

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