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Jurnal Solum

solum
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Published by Universitas Andalas

ISSN : 18297994 EISSN : 02560835 DOI : https://doi.org/10.2057/jsolum

Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

Focuses and scopes of Jurnal Solum is to publishes all aspects in the original research of soil science or review covering: Soil physic and soil conservation, Soil mineralogy, Soil chemistry and soil fertility, Soil biology and soil biochemical, Soil genesis and classification, Land survey and land evaluation, Land development and management environmental.

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Tanah

Articles 173 Documents

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TINGKAT KERACUNAN BESI DALAM BENTUK FERRO DAN FERRI SERTA PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa.L) PADA MEDIA PASIR Mimien Hariyanti; Herviyanti Herviyanti; Hermasah Hermansah
Jurnal Solum Vol 1, No 2 (2004): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

The Recent ricefield on marginal land such as Ultisol and Oxisol has low productivity due to Fe-toxicity for rice plant (Oryza sativa.L). Flooded ricefield has reduced Ferri (Fe3+) form into Ferro (Fe2+) from which is easy to dissolve and can be toxic for plant growth. This research was aimed to determine Fe concentration that causes toxic for rice growth on sand medium either under flooded or unflooded condition. Iron was applied in form of FeSO4 at 10 levels (0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512 ppm). Based on laboratory analyses and visual symptoms, it was found that Fe toxicity was started at Fe concentration 128 ppm. Form of Fe which is toxic to this rice plant was ferro (Fe2+) because this form is active in plant metabolism. Fe concentration at 128 ppm both conditions had shown reddish brown spot on the whole plant, therefore growth and development of plants either above or below soil surface was limited or stressed. Keywords: recent ricefield, Fe toxicity, Ferro and Ferri, brownish symptom

PREDIKSI EROSI DAN SEDIMENTASI PADA BERBAGAI PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI SUB DAS DANAU LIMAU MANIS PADA DAS KURANJI KOTA PADANG Aprisal Aprisal; Junaidi Junaidi
Jurnal Solum Vol 7, No 1 (2010): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Erosion prediction and sedimentation measurement in sub-watershed Danau Limau Manis was conducted to predict erosion and sedimentation from several land uses there, as well as to find out other types of land use being able to reduce erosion as tolerated one. Methods used for this research was divided into {1) soil map analyses(topography and land use), rainfall data, (2) survey and soil sampling in the field, (3) soil analyses in laboratory, and (4) data analyses using erosion model “USLE” and “Sediment Delivery Ratio”. The results showed that there 4 types of land use (mixed garden, settlement, farming, and bush) having erosion higher than tolerated erosion(etol). This was due to low plant density and many areas open, therefore, rainfall will directly struck soil aggregates causing dispersion. To eliminate or reduce the erosion rate into etol could be done by “agroecotechnology conservation”method. That is by increasing plant density, changing bush land into garden so that the crop coefficient will became 0.001. While at settlement area, it should be planted by perennial trees, built terrace and water ditch. Garden and bush land contributed highest amount of sediment, however it can be reduced if agroecotechnology conservation method is applied.Key word: watershed, erosion, sedimentation

PENGKAJIAN PEMUPUKAN FOSFOR (P) DAN KALIUM (K) BERDASARKAN STATUS HARA PADA TANAH DI DAERAH PERTANAMAN JAGUNG DI KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT Yulinar Zubaidah
Jurnal Solum Vol 4, No 2 (2007): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Analysis of phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) fertilization based on soil P and K status at maize planting area in Pasaman Barat regency had done on October until December 2005. The research was conducted by using survey method. The area was surveyed through some trails. Soil samples were taken in every 500 – 1000 m in distance. Global Position System (GPS) was used to determine the coordinates of sampling points. In each point composite bulk soil samples were taken on the top 20 cm soil depth. Each sample represented about 50 ha area. The results showed that from 7702.2 ha area surveyed, there was 5351.5 ha (69.4%) of the area having high P content, 1487.5 Ha (19,3 %) having moderate P, and 863.2 Ha (11,2 %) having low P. Potassium status of the soil in the area was as follows, 2798.4 Ha (36,3 %) having high K, 4499.4 Ha (58,4 %) having moderate K, and 404.4 Ha (5,2 %) having low K. The requirement of SP-36 fertilizer was about 90 kg/Ha, 250 kg/Ha and 500 kg/Ha, for soil having high P, moderate P, and low P content. Potassium was required about 0 kg KCl/Ha, 50 kg KCl/Ha and 250 kg KCl/Ha, for soil having high K, moderate K, and low K, respectively. The both fertilization recommendation was the amount of SP36 and KCl to reach production about 4,5 ton dry weight corn kernel (with water content 14%) or it is equal to 8 ton corn weight during harvesting time (with water content 25%).Key Words: P- soil status, K-soil status, fertilizer recommendation

UJI BEBERAPA JENIS DAN DOSIS CENDAWAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA SERTA ADOPSI METODA SRI ( The System of Rice Intensification) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI PADI GOGO PADA ULTISOL Yusnaweti Yusnaweti; Sevindrajuta Sevindrajuta
Jurnal Solum Vol 6, No 2 (2009): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

An experiment about “Effects of Arbuscular Mychorhizae Fungi and Adoption of SRI Method on the Growth and Production of Upland Rice on Ultisol” was conducted in glasshouse and soil laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, University of Andalas, Padang. The objective was to obtain the best species and optimum rate of Arbuscular Mycorrhizaze Fungi (AMF) for increasing growth and productivity of upland rice in Ultisol. This was designed in a Factorial Experiment which was allocated in Completely Randomized Design, with two factors and four replications. The first factor was species of AMF (Glomus manihotis, Glomus fasiculatum, and Gigaspora rosea), and the second factor was the application rate of the AMF (0, 5, and 10 g/pot). Variety of upland rice being used was Danau Gaung. The results of the experiment indicated that AMF from species Glomus fasiculatum with 5 g/pot or planting hole showed the best growth and highest production of upland rice in Ultisol.Key words: Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF), upland rice, Ultisol

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TITONIA TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA ULTISOL DAN HASIL TANAMAN KEDELAI PADA MUSIM TANAM KE TIGA Nurhajati Hakim; Herviyanti Herviyanti; Armi Meirita
Jurnal Solum Vol 3, No 2 (2006): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Last researches reported that Tithonia diversifolia (Mexican sunflower) could replace 25% to 50% of N and K of commercial fertilizer applied in ginger and maize production on the first and second season planting time respectively in the Ultisols of West Sumatra. A subsequent experiments were conducted to find out the the appropriate NK combination sources should be added on the third season to get high yield of soybean. The treatments were 8 combinations of NK-T. diversifolia + N + K commercial fertilizer for growing soybean such as A(0); B(0); C (25 kg NK+25 kg N+100 kg K); D (25 kg NK+ 25 kg N+100 kg K); E (50 kg NK+37,5 kg N+150 kg K); F(50 kg NK+37,5 kg N+150 kg K); G(100kg N K+25 kg N+100 kg K); and H(100 kg NK+ 25 kg N+100 kg K). The results showed that integrated use 25 kg NK from tithonia and 25kg N + 100kg K from commercial fertilizer (treatment C ) was an appropriate NK combination to get high yield of soybean (0,986 ton ha-1) on the third season in Ultisols, if on the first season ginger have been fertilized as 25% + 75% and on the second season maize have been fertilized as much 50% + 50% of NK from tithonia and NK from commercial fertilizer.Key Words : Thitonia, Ultisol, green manure

ANALISIS KANDUNGAN SEDIMEN DAN HARA TERANGKUT PADA DAS SUMPUR KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita; Amrizal Saidi; Aulia Rahman
Jurnal Solum Vol 7, No 2 (2010): JURNAL SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

A study about sediment content and nutrient movement was conducted in Sumpur watershed, Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra. The objective of the research was to determine sediment content and nutrient movement on Sumpur watershed and the relationship. Survey method by sampling water in joining river was employed to this research for sampling water. Water was sampled exactly after rain or at the time of river debit was maximum and without rain as a control. Water flowing into the river comes from several lad uses in the upper watershed. There were four types of land use found in the areas, those were forest, mixed garden, annual season crops, and rice field. Based on field observation it was found that there were two classes of soils there, Andisols and Inceptisols. The results of laboratory analyses showed that river current, soil consentration in river water, as well as sediment content were linearly correlated to rainfall amount. Positive linear correlation was also found between river debit and carried nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na) from the research area. Keywords: watershed, rainfall, sediment carried, and nutrient carried

PENGARUH CAMPURAN COCOPEAT DAN ROCK PHOSPHATE TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TIGA VARIETAS PADI GOGO (Oryza sativa L.) PADA MEDIUM ULTISOL Rahmi Yulia; Nelvia Nelvia; Erlida Ariani
Jurnal Solum Vol 15, No 1 (2018): JURNAL SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

The research aims to study the effect of mixture of cocopeat and rock phosphate on growth and yield of three varieties of upland rice in Ultisols medium. The research was conducted at the Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, Pekanbaru from March to August 2017. The research used Split Plot Design. The main plot were upland rice consist of three varieties (Situ Bagendit, Situ Patenggang and Inpago 8). The subplots were mixture of cocopeat 10 t ha-1 with rock phosphate (RP) doses 0, 30, 45, and 60 P2O5 kg ha-1. The parameters observed were plant height, number of maximum tillers and productive tillers, panicle length, flowering age, number of grain panicle-1, weight of dry milled grain and weight of 1000 grain. The results showed that the application of mixture of cocopeat doses 10 t ha-1 and RP doses 30 – 60 P2O5 kg ha-1 have effect to plant height, panicle length, and weight 1000 grain for Situ Bagendit, Situ Patenggang and Inpago 8 compare to without RP, but tended increase number of maximum and productive tillers and decrease flowering age. The application cocopeat doses 10 t ha-1 and RP doses 30 P2O5 kg ha-1 increased number of filled grain panicle-1 and weight of dry milled grain on three varieties, weight of dry milled grain Situ Patenggang > Inpago 8 > Situ Bagendit on each doses of RP and have number of productive tillers of these varieties 1,5 – 2 is greater than its descriptions.Keywords : rock phosphate, ultisol, upland rice

KAJIAN SIFAT FISIKA TANAH PADA PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN MANGGIS (Garcinia mangostana L.) DI KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita; Adrinal Adrinal; Sudewi Isminingsih
Jurnal Solum Vol 5, No 2 (2008): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

This research was aimed to evaluate physical properties of soils grown by mangosteen crops in Lima Puluh Kota Regency, especially in Kecamatan Payakumbuh and Kecamatan Guguk, in West Sumatra. Soils were sampled by using sample rings for undisturbed and by using soil driller for disturbed samples on 0-20, 20-40, and 40-60 cm soil depth. Soil samples were analyzed in Soil Laboratory Agriculture Faculty, Andalas University, Padang. The results showed that soil texture in two locations was similar, that was silty loam for the 0-40 cm depth, and clay for the 40-60 depth. However, generally soil organic matter content in Guguk was lower than that in Payakumbuh, that was medium to low, BV from low to high, total porosity from high to medium, and permeability from high to slightly slow. Key Words: Soil physical properties, mangostana

LAND USE PLANNING AND LAND EVALUATION OF THE UPPER CATCHMENT AREA OF BATANG HARI RIVER Azwar Rasyidin
Jurnal Solum Vol 2, No 1 (2005): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

The upper catchment of Batang Hari river in this report is define for the areas of Batang Hari at the end point of Batang Hari Irrigation scheme project at the village of Teluk Kayu Putih of district of Tebo of the Jambi Province up to the Twin lake Of Danau Diateh in the inland areas of Batang Hari river. Covered the areas about 695.400ha which divide to the sixth of sub catchment ie; Momong (41.750ha); Bt. Hari (184.340ha); Sangir (128.660ha); Siat about 45.100ha with divided into small catchment of the Siat river tributaries which main Siat tributary (32.800ha), Piruko/Palangko tributary (7.300ha), Mimpi tributary (5.000ha); Jujuhan (187.300ha) and Pangian (108.250ha). Detail of information showed at Fig. 1 and table 1. Except of sub catchment of Momong, Jujuhan and Pangian, three tributaries already used for irrigation water. The new construction of dam for irrigation scheme are located after joint tributaries of Sangir which flow from Lake Rawa Banto of Mount Krinci and Batang Hari tributary which flow from Lake DiAteh. The length of each main stream Sangir and batang Hari is 118 km and the total length of tributaries conducted of both tributaries is 603km. Based on the hydrological point of view Sangir tributaries is important because these areas high in the annual rainfall. The amount of precipitation of station Liki, Pinang Awan and lubuak Gadang has recorded more than 4000mm annually. The areas could be grouped to the Zone Agroclimatic A of Oldelman. Batang Hari tributaries which average annual precipitation less than 2500mm, these amount is average value of station Alahan Panjang, Surian, and Muaro labuh which each station are differ in the agroclimatic zone, Zone agroclimate C2, D1, and B1 for Alahan Panjang, Surian and Muaro Labuh respectively. The old river terrace of Batang Hari which developed for irrigation scheme has covered the areas on 20000ha conducted areas along the old river terrace of Batang Hari which parts of Siat, Piruko/Palangko, and Mimpi up to the old terrace at cross of the tributary of Jujuhan which main stream. Different elevation between old river terrace with inland areas both Rawa Banto of Sangir and Lake Diateh of Batang Hari is 1300m. Hydrological data of river water discharge by used the value 90% of run off data, which calculate base on the average annual rainfall multiplication by the wide of catchment. These value are not significant different which average 18 years data from 1975-1993 of Automatic Water Level Recording (AWLR). In the value 277m3/det and 284m3/det for average value of AWLR and 90% of runoff value respectively. Compare to the AWLR record in 1975 water discharge is decrease. The data of 1975 is 61% compare to runoff data or 60% compare to average data of AWLR. These indicated that the type of land use of the upper cathment already changed. The amount of discharge has decreases in the value of 40% from the average value as the effect of deforestation during the last 30 years. The hydrological condition also observed at the Siat river. The rate of deforestation could be calculated by using the value of forest contribution to the regional annual budget (PDRB). The validity of the method has needed honesty of the timber company. If the company or government official not fair, for calculation should be used correction factor 50-100 percent. Base on the PDRB data rate of deforestation has calculated in the value of 5000-7000ha/yr. related to the calculation the catchment of Siat, Mimpi, Piruko/Palangko already degraded and Siat river in the dry season especially in August conot open the water intake for irrigation as lack of water discharge. Key words: Rain fall, water discharge, deforestation, and sustainable watershed management

TINGKAT KESUBURAN DAN REKOMENDASI PEMUPUKAN N, P, DAN K TANAH SAWAH KABUPATEN BENGKULU SELATAN Nurmegawati Nurmegawati; W Wibawa; E Makruf; D Sugandi; T Rahman
Jurnal Solum Vol 9, No 2 (2012): Jurnal SOLUM
Publisher : Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

An alternatif way to determine soil fertility level as well as to recommend fertilizer application is by using soil test kit. The kit can measure P and K status of soils as well as the pH value. The research was aimed to evaluate soil fertility level of paddy soil and to determine fertilizer recommendation for rice (variety ? IR64) having 5 t mill-dry seeds/ha at the soil in Kedurang Ilir and Seginim, South Bengkulu. Soil samples were collected in 24 villages in the area, then they were analyzed using the Test Kit. The results showed that (1) fertility level of paddy soil in Seginim was higher than that in Kedurang Ilir, (2) there were 4 packages of fertilizer doses (250- 100-100; 200-75-100; 250-50-100; 200-100-100 kg/ha for Urea-SP36-KCl, respectively) recommended in Kedurang Ilir, (3) there were 7 packages of fertilizer doses (250-100-100; 200-50-100; 250-75-100; 200-100-75; 200-75-100; 200-100-100; 250-50-100 kg/ha for Urea, SP36, and KCl, respectively) in Seginim.Key Words: paddy soil, fertility, soil test kit

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agustian@agr.unand.ac.id

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