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INDONESIA
Jurnal Farmasi Klinik Indonesia
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 23375701     EISSN : 2337 5701     DOI : -
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Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (IJCP) is a scientific publication on all aspect of clinical pharmacy. It published 4 times a year by Clinical Pharmacy Master Program Universitas Padjadjaran to provide a forum for clinicians, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking and a more collaborative approach in patient care. Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy is intended to feature quality research articles in clinical pharmacy to become scientific guide in fields related to clinical pharmacy. It is a peer-reviewed journal and publishes original research articles, review articles, case reports, commentaries, and brief research communications on all aspects of Clinical Pharmacy. It is also a media for publicizing meetings and news relating to advances in Clinical Pharmacy in the regions.
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Analisis Interaksi Obat Pasien Rawat Inap Anak di Rumah Sakit di Palu Akhmed G. Sjahadat; Siti S. Muthmainah
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 2, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Penelitian interaksi obat telah dilakukan pada pasien rawat inap anak di salah satu rumah sakit di Kota Palu. Pengetahuan mengenai interaksi obat penting untuk mencegah morbiditas dan mortalitas serta meningkatkan keamanan pasien. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi cross sectional deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif mulai bulan Januari sampai Desember 2012. Kriteria inklusi yang digunakan yaitu populasi pasien anak usia 0 sampai 18 tahun yang dirawat di rumah sakit tahun 2012 dan memperoleh 2 atau lebih jenis obat dalam satu lembar resep, sedangkan kriteria eksklusinya yaitu pasien anak dalam perawatan gawat darurat, ICU, dan mendapatkan resep obat-obat topikal seperti salep, krim, tetes mata, tetes telinga dan tetes hidung. Setiap jenis obat dalam lembar resep dianalisis dengan menggunakan bank data dari software Drug.Com. Data diambil dari 495 pasiendengan jumlah resep keseluruhan sebanyak 3650 resep. Berdasarkan jumlah tersebut dapat diidentifikasi 230 interaksi (6,30%), terdiri dari 6,53% mayor, 48,69% moderat, 44,78% minor. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil interaksi obat yang sering terjadi antara lain kombinasi rifampicin dengan isoniazid, ibuprofen dengan deksametason, asetaminofen dengan isoniazid, gentamicin dengan sefotaksim, gentamicin dengan seftriakson dan diazepam dengan deksametason.Kata kunci: Pasien anak, rawat inap, interaksi obatAnalysis of Drugs Interaction among Pediatric Inpatients at Hospital in PaluWe performed drug interaction analyses in the pediatric inpatient unit at one of hospitals in Palu. In this study, those analysesstudy are important to prevent childhood morbidity, mortality and to improve patient’s safety. By using a cross-sectional descriptive study, we collected retrospective data from January until December 2012. We included patients at age of 0- 18 years old who were hospitalized during 2012 and received two or more drugs from a prescription sheet. In particular, we excluded pediatric inpatients in emergency and intensive care units who received topical medications (e.g., ointment, creams, eye drops, ear drops, and nasal drops). Each drug was analyzed by using Drug.Com software. In total, we collected data from 495 patients in 3650 prescription sheets. Based on those data, we identified 230 interactions (6.30%) which could be classified into three levels: major (6.35%), moderate (48.68%) and minor interactions (44.78%). We found several drug interactions in the combination of rifampicinisoniazid, dexamethasone-ibuprofen, acetaminophen-isoniazid, gentamicin-cefotaxime-ceftriaxone and diazepam-dexamethasone.Key words: pediatric patients, hospitalization, drug interactions
Penggunaan Obat Penginduksi Kerusakan Hati pada Pasien Rawat Inap Penyakit Hati Sindy E. Cinthya; Ivan S. Pradipta; Rizky Abdulah
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Kerusakan hati yang disebabkan oleh obat merupakan masalah kesehatan manusia yang serius. Penggunaan obat penginduksi kerusakan hati pada pasien penyakit hati dapat meningkatkan risiko kerusakan hati. Penelitian observasional ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui profil penggunaan obat-obat yang dapat menginduksi kerusakan hati pada pasien rawat inap penderita penyakit hati di salah satu rumah sakitdi Kota Tasikmalaya. Data dikumpulkan secara retrospektif pada periode 2010–2011 dari rekam medis pasien. Total dari 52 subjek penelitian diketahui sebanyak 50 pasien (96%) menggunakan obat penginduksi kerusakan hati dan sebanyak 2 pasien (4%) tidak menggunakannya. Obat penginduksi yang paling banyak digunakan yaitu Ranitidin (31,3%), seftriakson (23,1%), dan parasetamol (16,4%). Tingkat penggunaan obat penginduksi kerusakan hati pada pasien penderita penyakit hati masih tergolong tinggi yaitu sebesar 96%. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan obat penginduksi kerusakan hati terhadap fungsi hati.Kata kunci: Obat penginduksi kerusakan hati, penyakit hati, retrospektifAdministration of Drug Induce Liver Injury to the Inpatients with Liver DiseaseAbstractDrug induced liver injury is a serious human health problems. Pre-existing liver diseases are risk factorof liver injury by the drugs. The study was conducted to evaluate the use of drug induced liver injury in patients hospitalized with liver disease at one hospital in Kota Tasikmalaya. Informations were collected retrospectively in the period 2010-2011 from the patient’s medical record. A total of 52 patients research subjects were discovered 50 patients (96%) using drug induced liver injury and 2 patients (4%) did not use it. Drug induced liver injury most widely used were ranitidine (31.3%), ceftriaxone (23.1%), and paracetamol (16.4%). Level of the DILI usage in patient with liver disease was relative high (96%). Further research is needed to determine the effect of the drug induced liver injury to liver injury.Key words: Drug induced liver injury, liver disease, retrospective
Analisis Efektivitas Biaya Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Community-acquired Pneumonia di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Mia N. A. Fatin; Cherry Rahayu; Auliya A. Suwantika
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 8, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (298.002 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2019.8.3.228

Abstract

Community-acquired Pneumonia (CAP) merupakan penyakit infeksi yang memiliki mortalitas, morbiditas dan biaya yang tinggi. Studi farmakoekonomi diperlukan untuk menganalisis pemilihan kombinasi antibiotik yang bervariasi dengan mempertimbangkan biaya dan efektivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai cost-effectiveness kombinasi antibiotik azitromisin-seftriakson dan kombinasi azitromisin-sefotaksim pada pengobatan CAP di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung serta menganalisis faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap nilai cost-effectiveness. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara retrospektif dari rekam medis pasien dan Sistem Informasi Rumah Sakit (SIRS). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret–Juni 2019. Data biaya meliputi total biaya medik dari rumah sakit/healthcare perspective (biaya obat, alat kesehatan, tindakan, pemeriksaan, jasa dokter, dan rawat inap) dan total biaya dari Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS)/payer perspective (tarif INA–CBG). Nilai efektivitas pada penelitian ini diukur dalam penurunan jumlah leukosit. Hasil menunjukkan nilai Average Cost-effectiveness Ratio (ACER) pada kombinasi azitromisin-seftriakson dari payer dan healthcare perspective secara berturut-turut adalah Rp2.987 dan Rp2.080 per penurunan 1 sel leukosit/mm3, lebih tinggi dibandingkan kombinasi azitromisin-sefotaksim yaitu Rp2.853 dan Rp1.184 per penurunan 1 sel leukosit/mm3. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan Incremental Cost-effectiveness Ratio (ICER), diketahui penggantian kombinasi azitromisin-seftriakson oleh azitromisin-sefotaksim akan menghemat biaya sebesar Rp4.531 (payer perspective) dan Rp22.379 (healthcare perspective). Hasil uji sensitivitas menunjukan penurunan leukosit dan biaya rawat inap memiliki rentang yang paling panjang. Kombinasi antibiotik azitromisin-sefotaksim lebih cost-effective dibandingkan azitromisin-seftriakson. Faktor yang paling memengaruhi nilai ICER adalah penurunan leukosit dan biaya rawat inap.Kata kunci: ACER, analisis efektivitas biaya, CAP, ICER, leukosit Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Antibiotic of Patients with Community-acquired Pneumonia in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital BandungAbstractCommunity-acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is an infectious disease with high mortality, morbidity, and cost. A study of pharmacoeconomics is required to analyze the efficiency of various antibiotic combinations. This study aimed to investigate the cost-effectiveness values on the use of azithromycin-ceftriaxone and azithromycin-cefotaxime in the treatment of CAP at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital and to analyze the most influential factor impacting the cost-effectiveness value. Data collection was conducted retrospectively from the patient’s medical record and the Hospital Information System (SIRS). This research was conducted in March–June 2019. The total medical costs were reviewed in the healthcare perspective (drug costs, medical devices, action costs, examination fees, doctor fees and the cost of hospitalization) and payer perspective (Social Security Administrator for Health, BPJS) (INA-CBG). The value of effectiveness was measured in the reduction of leukocytes. The results showed that the Average Cost-effectiveness Ratios (ACERs) of azithromycin-ceftriaxone from the payer and healthcare perspective in a row were 2.987 IDR and 2.080 IDR per 1 cell/mm3 leukocytes reduction, higher than azithromycin-cefotaxime 2.853 IDR and 1.184 IDR per 1 cell/mm3 leukocytes reduction. Based on the calculation of the Incremental Cost-effectiveness Ratio (ICER), if azithromycin-ceftriaxone is replaced by azithromycin-cefotaxime, it will save 4.531 IDR (payer perspective) and 22.379 IDR (healthcare perspective) per 1 cell/mm3 leukocytes reduction. It can be concluded that the combination of azithromycin-cefotaxime is more cost-effective than azithromycin-ceftriaxone. The reduction of leukocytes and the cost of hospitalization were the most influential parameters impacting the ICER.Keywords: ACER, CAP, cost-effectiveness analysis, ICER, leukocytes
Analisis Efektivitas Biaya Penggunaan Antibiotik Pasien Sepsis di Rumah Sakit di Bandung Cherry Rahayu; Okky S. Purwanti; Rano K. Sinuraya; Dika P. Destiani
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 2, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelompok kombinasi antibiotik empirik yang paling efektif secara biaya (cost effectiveness) yang digunakan pada sepsis sumber infeksi pernapasan yang dirawat di salah satu rumah sakit di kota Bandung periode tahun 2010–2012. Penelitian merupakan studi analisis observasional dengan pengumpulan data secara retrospektif. Data diambil dari rekam medis pasien rawat inap sepsis sumber infeksi pernapasan dan mendapat terapi antibiotik empirik sefotaksimmetronidazol dan sefotaksim-eritromisin. Komponen biaya yang dikumpulkan meliputi biaya antibiotik empirik, biaya tindakan, biaya penunjang, biaya rawat inap, dan biaya administrasi. Hasil Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) menunjukkan rasio nilai biaya langsung terhadap pasien yang selamat sebesar Rp 3.301.090,00 untuk kombinasi sefotaksim- metronidazol yang dibandingkan dengan antibiotik empirik lain, sedangkan perbandingan kombinasi sefotaksim-eritromisin dengan antibiotik lain terhadap biaya dan pasien yang selamat sebesar Rp 2.227.366,89. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi antibiotik sefotaksim-eritromisin lebih efektif secara biaya dibanding kombinasi sefotaksim-metronidazol.Kata kunci: Antibiotik empirik, cost effectiveness, farmakoekonomi, sepsis Cost Effectiveness Analysis of Antibiotic Used among Sepsis Patients in Hospital in BandungThe aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic combination group that were the most effective in cost (cost effectiveness) used as sepsis with respiratory infections treatment at one of hospital in Bandung. Observational study was conducted by retrospective data. Data were collected from medical record from inpatients sepsis with respiratory infection and received empirical therapy cefotaximemetronidazole or cefotaxime-erythromycin. Direct medical cost is collected from empirical antibiotic costs, costs of medical treatment, medical expenses, hospitalization costs, and administrative costs. The results of Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) showed that ratio of direct medical cost and survived patients is 3.301.090,00 IDR for cefotaxime-metronidazole that compared to other empirical antibiotic, and 2.227.366,89 IDR for cefotaxime-erythromycin. It can be conclude that the combination of cefotaxime-erythromycin is more cost effective than cefotaxime-metronidazole.Key words: Empirical therapy, cost effectiveness, pharmacoeconomic, sepsis
Peran Employee Engagement sebagai Mediasi Budaya Organisasi Karyawan Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Indah L. Hilmi; Supriyatna Supriyatna; Sunu Widianto; Rizky Abdulah
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja individual dan kepuasan pelanggan serta peran employee engagement sebagai pemediasi di instalasi farmasi rumah sakit. Sebanyak 100 karyawan dan 100 pelanggan instalasi farmasi rumah sakit menjadi responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan teknik partial least square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat signifikansi antara budaya organisasi terhadap employee engagement (nilai t (18,16)>ttabel (1,64)), budaya organisasi terhadap kepuasan pelanggan (nilai t (2,37)>t-tabel (1,64)), employee engagement terhadap kinerja individual (nilai t (2,24)>t-tabel (1,64)) dan employee engagement terhadap kepuasan pelanggan (nilai t (3,26)>t-tabel (1,64)). Selain itu hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara budaya organisasi dan kinerja individual (nilai t (1,17)<t-tabel (1,64)). Employee engagement memediasi hubungan antara budaya organisasi dan kinerja individual.Kata kunci: Budaya organisasi, employee engagement, kinerja individual, kepuasan pelanggan The Roles of Employee Engagement as Organization Culture Mediator in Hospital Pharmacy EmployeesThe aims of the study are to analyze the relationship of organization culture on individual performance, customer satisfaction and employee engagement as mediation role in the installation of the hospital pharmacy. A total of 100 employees and 100 customers of the hospital pharmacy become participants in this study. The study used questioner and partial least square techniques. The study results show that there are significance between the organization culture and employee engagement (t value (18.16)>ttable (1.64)), organization culture and customer satisfaction (t values (2.37)>t-table (1.64)), employee engagement and customer satisfaction (t value (3.26)>t-table (1.64)). In addition, the results show that there is no significant influence between organization culture and individual performance (t values (1.17)<t-table (1.64)). Employee engagement mediates the relationship between organization culture and individual performance.Key words: Organization culture, employee engagement, individual performance, customer satisfaction
Peningkatan Serum Kreatinin Akibat Penggunaan ACEi atau ARB pada Pasien Hipertensi Anita Irawan
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 3, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Pemakaian obat golongan Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACE-I) atau Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB) banyak digunakan pada pasien hipertensi. Kerjanya yang efektif sebagai obat penurun tekanan darah dan renoprotection menjadikan obat ini pilihan utama. Salah satu efek lain dari obat ini dapat meningkatkan serum kreatinin. Seorang wanita 68 tahun dengan riwayat hipertensi masuk rumah sakit pada Juli 2012 dengan diagnosis gagal ginjal kronik (GGK) stage 5 dengan serum kreatinin sebesar 4,29 mg/dL, setelah 5 hari meningkat menjadi 5,5 mg/dL. Riwayat obat yang digunakan adalah valsartan selama 8 bulan yang diganti lisinopril sampai 26 Juli 2012. Nilai serum kreatinin pasien mengalami fluktuasi selama menggunakan pengobatan tersebut dan terus meningkat selama 1 tahun terakhir. Pada Mei 2012 serum kreatinin saat kontrol rawat jalan adalah 3,16 mg/dL. Pasien dicurigai mengalami reaksi obat tidak dikehendaki yang menyebabkan peningkatan serum kreatinin sebesar 20–30% dari batas awal. Oleh karena itu, pada awal Agustus obat ini dihentikan dan dievaluasi pada 4 Agustus diketahui nilai serum kreatinin pasien turun menjadi 4,96 mg/dL dari 5,55 mg/dL. Hasil perhitungan dengan Naranjo Scale menunjukkan penggunaan valsartan/lisinopril menyebabkan reaksi obat yang merugikan (adverse drug reaction). Oleh karena itu diperlukan monitoring dalam penggunaan ACEI dan ARB sehingga reaksi obat yang tidak dikehendaki dapat ditemukan sejak dini dan segera mempertimbangkan manajemen obat selanjutnya.Kata kunci: ACEi, adverse drug reaction, ARB, hipertensi, serum kreatinin Increase of Serum Creatinine as the Outcome of ACEi or ARB UseAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE-I) or Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBS) are commonly used for patients with hypertension. This drug is the first choice for hypertension treatment due to its works in lowering blood pressure and renoprotection. Another effects of this drugs is increase creatinine serum. A 68 years old woman with hypertension was hospitalized in July 2012. This woman was diagnosed to stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) with serum creatinine level was 4.29 mg/dL, after 5 days increased to 5.5 mg/dL. This patient used is valsartan for 8 months, which replaced with lisinopril until 26 July 2012. Serum creatinine levels was fluctuated while using the treatment and increased during the last one year. In May 2012, when the patient do regularly control, serum creatinine level is 3.16 mg/dL. Adverse drug reactions of lisinopril and valsartan can increase the serum creatinine level by 20–30% from base line score. Therefore, in early August 2012, the drug was discontinued and evaluated on 4th of August, the serum creatinine level of the patient decreased to 4.96 mg/dL from 5.55 mg/dL. The result of Naranjo scale indicated that the use of valsartan/lisinopril cause adverse drug reactions. Monitoring is required for the patient who use ACEI or ARB therapy, so adverse drugreactions can be found from the beginning and the management of drug can be considered appropriately.Key words: ACEi, adverse drug reaction, ARB, creatinine, hypertension
Kompatibilitas Pencampuran Sediaan Parenteral di Bangsal Bedah Saraf RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Laksmi Maharani; Aris W. Astuti; Anisyah Achmad
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (565.209 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2014.3.1.1

Abstract

Pencampuran sediaan parenteral (iv admixture) yang sudah dilaksanakan secara umum di rumah sakit mempunyai kemungkinan terjadinya kegagalan baik berupa inkompatibilitas obat maupun gangguan stabilitas obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui angka inkompatibilitas obat dalam pencampuran sediaan parenteral di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto yang mengalami inkompatibilitas fisika yang teramati secara organoleptis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif prospektif. Data yang telah dikumpulkan lalu dianalisis secara deskriptif. Dari 667 pencampuran sediaan parenteral di bangsal bedah saraf RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo selama bulan Februari 2010, dapat disimpulkan angka inkompatibilitas potensial sebesar 0,45% dan inkompatibilitas aktual sebesar 2,55%. Inkompatibilitas aktual yang terjadi berupa kristal 0,17%, endapan 0,17%, dan kabut sementara 2,04% pada pencampuran fenitoin dengan NaCl atau ringer laktat.Kata kunci: Bedah saraf, inkompatibilitas, iv admixtureParenteral Admixture Compatibility in Neurosurgery Ward in Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Regional Public HospitalParenteral admixtures (intravenous admixtures) have been done commonly in hospitals. However, it has a possibility of failures, like incompatibilities and changes in drug stabilities. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of drug incompatibilities in mixing parenteral preparations in neurosurgery ward in Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Regional Public Hospital which undergo physical incompatibility  observed in organoleptic. This study was a prospective descriptive research for one month period. Data were collected and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that from 667 parenteral admixtures in neurosurgery ward in Prof Dr Margono Soekarjo Hospital in February 2010, there were 0.45% potential incompatibility and 2.55% actual incompatibility happened. Actual incompatibility shown as crystal 0.17%, sediment 0.17%, and 2.04% was non-permanent haze in phenytoin and sodium chloride or ringerlactate admixtures.Key words: Incompatibility, iv admixture, neurosurgery
Potensi Interaksi Obat Resep Pasien Geriatri: Studi Retrospektif pada Apotek di Bandung Nurul Annisa; Rizky Abdulah
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Usia geriatri merupakan kelompok usia yang rentan terhadap masalah-masalah yang terkait denganpenggunaan obat, salah satunya adalah kejadian interaksi obat-obat. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan studi untuk mengetahui interaksi potensial obat-obat. Data diproses melalui www.drugs.comdatabase.Evaluasi ini memaparkan prevalensi dan mengklasifikasikan jenis interaksi potensial berdasarkan level interaksi dan spesialisasi medik. Dari total 29.839 resep dari tujuh apotek di kota Bandung diperoleh 334 lembar resep geriatri (1,12%). Dari resep geriatri tersebut, tedapat 4 lembar resep (1,20%) dengan jumlah 1 R/ yang artinya pada resep ini tidak berpotensi untuk terjadi interaksi. Sedangkan jumlah R/pada lembar resep yang mengandung lebih dari 1 R/ adalah 1.136 dengan rata-rata jumlah R/ pada setiap lembar resep adalah 3,40. Sebanyak 131 lembar resep terdapat interaksi potensial obat-obat sebesar 39,22%. Total interaksi potensial yang terjadi adalah 210 interaksi. Interaksi potensial moderate adalah sebanyak 187 (89,05%) sedangkan severe sebanyak 23 (10,95%). Kejadian potensi interaksi moderate dan severe pada kelompok spesialisasi medik umum adalah sebanyak 85,00%, penyakit dalam 8,40%, kardiologi 2,30%, THT 2,30%, syaraf 0,76% dan gigi 0,76%.Kata kunci: Interaksi obat-obat, apotek, geriatri Potency of Drugs Interaction among Geriatric Patients Prescribing: Retrospective Study in Pharmacies in BandungAbstractGeriatric age is an age group that vulnerable to the problems which associated with drug use, one of them is the incidence of drug-drug interactions. This research, conducted to determine potential drugdruginteractions. Data processed through www.drugs.comdatabase. This evaluation explain the prevalence and classify types of potential interactions based on the level of interactions and medical specialities. Based on the total of 29.839 prescriptions from seven pharmacies in the Bandung city obtained 334 prescription sheet of geriatrics (1.12%) and from that geriatric prescriptions, there are 4 prescriptionssheets (1.20 %) that contain 1 R/, which means that in this prescriptions is do not have any potential forinteraction. The number of R/ on prescription sheets which contain more than 1 R / is 1.136 with an average number of R/ on each sheet prescriptions is 3.40. Total of 131 (39.22%) sheets of prescriptionscontain potential drug-drug interaction. Total potential interactions that occur are 210 interactions. Themoderate interaction potential is 187 (89.05%), while severe as much as 23 (10.95%). The incidence ofmoderate and severe potential interaction in the group of medical specialities are 85.50% interactionsin general practitioners, 8.40% in internist, 2.30% in cardiologist, 2.30% in ENT, 0.76% in neurologistsand 0.76% in dentist.Key words: Drug-drug interactions, community pharmacies, geriatrics
Analisis Potensi Interaksi Obat dan Manifestasi Klinik Resep Anak di Apotek Bandung Melisa I. Barliana; Dika R. Sari; Muhammad Faturrahman
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 2, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Potensi terjadinya interaksi obat atau drug-drug interaction (DDI) dalam suatu resep cukup tinggi di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Namun sampai saat ini data ilmiah mengenai interaksi obat di Indonesia masih sangat kurang. Oleh karena itu pada penelitian ini, kami telah melakukan survey di 2 apotek di Bandung terhadap resep anak yang diberikan oleh Dokter Spesialis Anak kemudian dilakukananalisa potensi interaksi obat yang terdapat dalam satu resep serta manifestasi kliniknya. Data yang diambil adalah resep pada bulan Oktober sampai Desember tahun 2011. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa di Apotek A terdapat 33 resep (dari total 155 resep) yang memiliki potensi DDI atau sekitar 21,29% potensi DDI (2 resep memiliki potensi DDI kategori major, 23 resep kategori moderat, dan 8 resep kategori minor) sedangkan di Apotek B terdapat 6 resep (dari total 40 resep) atau 15% yang berpotensi DDI (4 resep kategori moderat dan 2 resep kategori minor). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa potensi DDI yang terjadi kurang dari 50% pada resep anak di kedua apotek. Namun hal ini harus mendapat perhatian karena DDI memang seharusnya tidak terjadi pada obat yang diberikan kepada pasien mengingat manifestasi klinik yang disebabkan karena DDI. Lebih dari itu, saat ini pelayanan farmasi klinik yang mengacu pada patient oriented daripada product oriented. Masih diperlukan studi lebih lanjut terhadap pemberian resep anak di apotek dengan skala yang lebih besar.Kata kunci: Resep, anak, interaksi obat Analysis of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions and Its Clinical Manifestation of Pediatric Prescription on 2 Pharmacies in BandungThe potential of Drug-Drug Interactions (DDI) in prescription have high incidence around the world, including Indonesia. However, scientific evidence regarding DDI in Indonesia is not available. Therefore, in this study we have conducted survey in 2 pharmacies in Bandung against pediatric prescription given by pediatrician. These prescriptions then analyzed the potential for DDI contained in the prescription and clinical manifestation. The analysis showed that in pharmacy A, there are 33 prescriptions (from a total of 155 prescriptions) that have potential DDI, or approximately 21.19% (2 prescriptions have the potential DDI major categories, 23 prescriptions categorized as moderate, and 8 prescriptions as minor).  In Pharmacy B, there are 6 prescriptions (from a total of 40 prescriptions) or 15% of potential DDI (4 prescriptions categorized as moderate and 2 prescriptions as minor). This result showed that potential DDI happened less than 50% in pediatric prescription from both pharmacies. However, this should getattention because DDI should not happen in a prescription considering its clinical manifestations caused by DDI. Moreover, current pharmaceutical care refers to patient oriented than product oriented. In addition, further study for the pediatric prescription on DDI incidence in large scale need to be investigated.Key words: Prescription, pediatric, DDI
Identifikasi Pola Penggunaan Antibiotik sebagai Upaya Pengendalian Resistensi Antibiotik Ivan S. Pradipta; Ellin Febrina; Muhammad H. Ridwan; Rani Ratnawati
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan jumlah dan pola penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien rawat inap di salah satu rumah sakit swasta di Bandung. Data penggunaan antibiotik diperoleh dari instalasi farmasi pada Februari–September 2011. Data diolah dengan metode ATC/DDD dan DU90%. Terdapat 390,98 DDD/100 hari rawat dan 381,34 DDD/100 hari rawat pada total penggunaan antibiotik tahun 2009 dan 2010. Sebanyak 39 jenis antibiotik dikonsumsi pada tahun 2009 dan terdapat 11 jenis antibiotik yang masuk segmen 90% penggunaan (seftriakson, amoksisilin, sefotaksim,  iprofloksasin, levofloksasin, metronidazol, sefiksim, doksisiklin, tiamfenikol, sefodoksim, sefaleksin). Tahun 2010 terdapat 44 jenis antibiotik yang dikonsumsi, 18 jenis antibiotik yang masuk segmen 90% penggunaan (seftriakson, siprofloksasin, amoksisilin, sefiksim, levofloksasin, sefadroksil, sefotaksim, metronidazol, tiamfenikol,doksisiklin, klindamisin, kloramfenikol, amikasin, sulbaktam, gentamisin, streptomisin, sefoperazon, kanamisin). Terdapat penurunan penggunaan antibiotik yang diikuti penurunan jumlah hari rawat pada tahun 2009–2010, tetapi jenis dan jumlah antibiotik yang masuk ke dalam segmen 90% penggunaan meningkat.Kata kunci: Penggunaan antibiotik, ATC/DDD, DU90%, resistensi antibiotikIdentification of Antibiotic Use Pattern as an Effort to ControlAntibiotic ResistanceAbstractThe objective of this study is to determine quantity and pattern of antibiotic use in hospitalized patients at one of Bandung’s private hospital that can give benefit in control of antibiotic resistance andprocurement planning of antibiotic. Data of antibiotic consumption were obtained from hospital pharmacy department on February–September 2011. Data were processed using the ATC/DDD and DU90% method. There were 390,98 DDD/100 bed days and 381,34 DDD/100 bed days total of an-tbiotic use in 2009 and 2010. Thirty nine antibiotic were consumed in 2009 within 11 kind of antibiotics in DU90% segment (ceftriaxone, amoxicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, metronidazole, cefixime, doxycycline, thiamphenicol, cefodoxime, cefalexin) and 44 antibiotic were consumed in 2010 within 18 kind of antibiotics in DU90% segment (ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, cefixime, levofloxacin, cefadroxil, cefotaxime, metronidazole, thiamphenicol, doxycycline, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, amikacin, sulbactam, gentamycin, streptomycin, cefoperazone, canamycin). There were decline of antibioticuse that followed decline number of bed days/year in 2009–2010, but in both antibiotic kind and quantity of DU90% antibiotic group were increased.Key words: Antibiotic utilization, ATC/DDD, DU90%, antibiotic resistance

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