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INDONESIA
Jurnal Farmasi Klinik Indonesia
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 23375701     EISSN : 2337 5701     DOI : -
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Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (IJCP) is a scientific publication on all aspect of clinical pharmacy. It published 4 times a year by Clinical Pharmacy Master Program Universitas Padjadjaran to provide a forum for clinicians, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking and a more collaborative approach in patient care. Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy is intended to feature quality research articles in clinical pharmacy to become scientific guide in fields related to clinical pharmacy. It is a peer-reviewed journal and publishes original research articles, review articles, case reports, commentaries, and brief research communications on all aspects of Clinical Pharmacy. It is also a media for publicizing meetings and news relating to advances in Clinical Pharmacy in the regions.
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Articles 540 Documents
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Formulation of the Model Fluconazole Eye Drop and Its Comparison with the Available Fluconazole Eye Drops Sunil Thakral; Munish Ahuja
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

The aim of the study was to formulate the model formulation of fluconazole eye drop and then compare it with the available eye drops. The corneal permeation studies were conducted using freshly excised sheep cornea, mounted between donor and receptor. The receptor cell had an internal volume of 11 mL, containing ringer bicarbonate (pH 7.4, 34±1 0C). At appropriated intervals 2 ml. samples were withdrawn from the side arm and were analyzed spectrophotometrically by measuring absorbance at λmax of 260 nm. Each experiment was continued for about 2.0 hrs (triplicate). At the end of the experiment, each cornea (freed from sclera) was weighed, soaked in 1 mL. methanol, dried overnight at 90 °C and reweighed. From the difference in weights corneal hydration was calculated. Even though, the marketed formulation (Zocon) comprised of 0.3% w/v of fluconazole and our model formulation contained only 0.2% w/v of fluconazole, the amount of fluconazole permeated from model formulation and the marketed formulation was respectively 78.34±4.26 and 22.14±1.3. The permeation from model formulation was much greater than other preparations and shows less corneal hydration (80.29±0.47) than others available preparations.Key words: Fungal kerititis, fluconazole, in vitro permeation, corneal hydration, model formulationsFormulasi Tetes Mata Fluconazole dan Perbandingannya dengan Tetes Mata Fluconazole di PasaranAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan formulasi tetes mata flukonazol dan membandingkannya dengan tetes mata yang beredar di pasaran. Studi permeasi kornea dilakukan dengan menggunakan kornea biri-biri yang telah dikeluarkan, disatukan antara donor dan reseptor. Sel reseptor memiliki volume internal 11 mL, mengandung ringer bicarbonate (pH 7,4, 34±1 0C). Sampel diambil pada interval 2 mL sampel dari bagian lengan bejana dan dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometri dengan pengukuran absorbansi pada λmax 260 nm. Percobaan dilanjutkan selama dua jam (triplikat). Pada akhir percobaan, setiap kornea (dipisahkan dari sklera) ditimbang, direndam dalam metanol, dikeringkan pada suhu 90 C dan ditimbang ulang, perbedaan berat dari hidrasi korena dihitung. Formulasi yang dipasarkan (Zocon) terdiri atas 0,3% w/v flukonazol sedangkan model formulasi dari penelitian ini hanya mengandung 0,2% w/v flukonazol, jumlah flukonazol yang mengalami permeasi dari model formulasi dan formulasi dipasarkan masing-masing sebesar 78,34±4,26 and 22,14±1,3. Permeasi dari model formulasi lebih besar dibandingkan dengan sediaan dan menunjukkan nilai hidrasi korneal lebih kecil (80,29±0,47) dibandingkan dengan sediaan di pasaran.Kata kunci: Fungal kerititis, fluconazole, permeasi in vitro corneal hydration, model formulations
Monitoring Pola Peresepan Obat Pasien Usia 0–2 Tahun Menggunakan Indikator WHO Priyadi, Ahmad; Destiani, Dika P.
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pola peresepan obat pada pasien usia 0–2 tahun dengan menggunakan lima indikator peresepan berdasarkan guideline World Health Organization yaitu jumlah obat per lembar resep, penggunaan obat generik, Antibiotik, sediaan parenteral, dan obat esensial. Pengumpulan data resep rawat jalan pasien 0–2 tahun diambil secara Retrospektif pada periode Januari–Desember 2012 di salah satu fasilitas kesehatan di Bandung. Dari 2741 lembar resep dengan 6350 obat didalamnya, diperoleh rata-rata jumlah obat per lembar yaitu 2,31 obat per lembar. Penggunaan obat generik sebesar 9,19% dari 6350 obat. Persentase penggunaan antibiotik sebesar 67,53% dan tidak ada penggunaan obat dengan sediaan injeksi dari 2741 lembar resep, sedangkan penggunaan obat esensial sebesar 45,02 % dari 6350 obat yang diresepkan. Dari hasil tersebut dapat dilihat bahwa penggunaan obat generik dan Esensial tergolong rendah sedangkan tingkat penggunaan antibiotik relatif tinggi dibandingkan dengan rekomendasi World Health Organization.Kata kunci: Pola peresepan, obat, WHO Monitoring of Patients Aged 0–2 Years Drug Prescribing  Pattern Used Indicator from WHOThe aim of this study was to evaluate drug used by patients 0–2 years old using five World Health Organization guideline for prescribing indicators, which include average number of drugs per encounter, percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name, percentage of encounters with an antibiotics, injection prescribed, and drugs prescribed from essential drugs list or formulary. Outpatient prescription of patients 0–2 years old period January–Desember 2012 were collected retrospectively in one of health facility in Bandung. Average number of drugs per encounter was gained by dividing 6350 drugs with 2741 prescriptions. Percentage of using generic drugs was 9,19 %, antibiotics were 67,53 % and no injections per encounters, whereas percentage of drugs prescribed from essential drugs list was 45,02 %. The result showed that usage of generic drugs and essential drugs were low while the usage of antibiotics is relatively higher than World Health Organization recommendation.Key words: Prescribing pattern, drug, WHO
Pengukuran Risiko Gangguan Tidur pada Penggunaan Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor dan Calcium Channel Blocker: Case Control Study di Puskesmas Dau, Malang Martanty Aditya; Rehmadanta Sitepu; Dion Notario; Fibe Y. Cesa
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 8, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Gangguan tidur atau insomnia yang muncul pada pasien hipertensi dapat disebabkan oleh efek samping obat-obat antara lain golongan Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEI) dan Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB), namun besarnya pengaruh masing-masing golongan belum banyak diperbandingkan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan rancangan case control untuk menilai risiko penggunaan ACEI dan CCB terhadap angka kejadian insomnia. Data demografi dan status insomnia dikumpulkan melalui Lembar Pengumpul Data (LPD) dan kuesioner Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), kemudian dilakukan analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pada kelompok usia 56–60 tahun, pasien yang menjalani pengobatan dengan ACEI memiliki risiko insomnia lebih kecil yaitu sekitar 0,38 kali (p=0,026, 95% CI=0,15–0,94) dibandingkan dengan pasien lain yang menggunakan CCB, sedangkan pada kelompok kategorial yang lain tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan. Dengan demikian, pemantauan efek samping insomnia menjadi penting untuk dilakukan oleh tenaga kesehatan terutama pada pasien yang menjalani pengobatan dengan CCB pada usia 56–60 tahun.Kata kunci: ACE inhibitor, calcium channel blocker, case control, gangguan tidur A Measurement of Sleep Disorder in the Use of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and Calcium Channel Blocker: A Case Control Study at Dau Public Health Center, MalangAbstractSleep disorder or insomnia arisen in hypertensive patients might be derived as a side effect of antihypertensive mediations such as Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEI) and Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB), but the influence of each group had not been much compared. Therefore, a research was conducted using case control design to assess the risk of using ACEI and CCB against the incidence rate of insomnia. Demographic data and insomnia status were collected through Data Collector Sheet and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) questionnaire before univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis was conducted. The result showed that in the age group of 56–60 years patients undergoing treatment with ACEI have a smaller risk of insomnia of approximately 0.38 times (p=0.026, 95% CI=0.15–0.94) compared to the other patients who were treated with CCB, while in other categorial groups, no significant relationship was found. Thus, the monitoring of insomnia side effects becomes important to be conducted by healthcare professional especially in patients undergoing treatment with CCB at the ages of 56–60 years.Keywords: ACE inhibitor, calcium channel blocker, case control, sleep disorder
Quality of Life and Adherence of Diabetic Patients in Different Treatment Regimens Dyah A. Perwitasari; Wirawan Adikusuma; Shoma Rikifani; Woro Supadmi; Adrian A. Kaptein
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 3, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

The diabetic patient’s quality of life and adherence should be a concerned by health care providers. This study aimed to explore the diabetic patient’s quality of life and medication adherence into account. We recruited 88 subjects in a cross-sectional design. The research subjects were out-patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a private hospitals in Yogyakarta City who had taken single or combination of oral anti diabetic and insulin at least six months prior to quality of life measurement. Patients were classified into three groups (monotherapy, oral combination therapy, and oral-insulin combination group). The domains of physical function, energy, satisfaction treatment, and treatment effect were significantly different among the three groups. There were significant associations between treatment satisfaction domain and adherence in monotherapy and oral-insulin combination groups, the health pressure domain and adherence in oral-insulin combination group, the treatment satisfaction domain with adherence in first two groups, and health pressure domain with adherence in oral-insulin combination group. In conclusion, the quality of life of the diabetic patients was good and their medication adherence was at a moderate level.Key words: Adherence, diabetes, Indonesia, quality of life Kualitas Hidup dan Kepatuhan Pasien Diabetes Melitus dengan Pengobatan yang BerbedaKualitas hidup dan kepatuhan pasien diabetes melitus (DM) sebaiknya mendapat perhatian dari pemberilayanan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas hidup pasien DM dan hubungannya dengan kepatuhan pasien. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan potong lintang. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 88 orang pasien DM tipe 2 di suatu rumah sakit swasta di Yogyakarta yang memperoleh pengobatan baik tunggal maupun kombinasi antara antidiabetes oral dan insulin minimal enam bulan sebelum pengambilan data kualitas hidup. Pasien dikategorikan menjadi tiga kelompok, yaitu kelompok monoterapi, kombinasi oral antidiabetes, dan kombinasi oral-insulin. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara ketiga kelompok ini pada domain fungsi fisik, energi, kepuasan terhadap terapi, dan efek pengobatan. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara domain kepuasan pasien dengan kepatuhan pada kelompok monoterapi dan terapi kombinasi oral, domain tekanan kesehatan dengan kepatuhan pada kelompok terapi kombinasi oral-insulin, serta domain kepuasan pasien dan tekanan kesehatan dengan kepatuhan pasien pada ketiga kelompok terapi. Kualitas hidup pasien DM pada penelitian ini cukup bagus dengan kepatuhan pada tingkat moderat.Kata kunci: Diabetes, kepatuhan, kualitas hidup, Indonesia
Evaluasi Penggunaan dan Efektivitas Antibiotik Profilaksis pada Pasien Bedah Sesar di Rumah Sakit Surakarta Tahun 2010 Nurul Mutmainah; Puri Setyati; Niken Handasari
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (234.399 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2014.3.2.44

Abstract

Penggunaan antibiotik profilaksis pada operasi bedah sesar dapat mengurangi risiko infeksi yangberhubungan dengan komplikasi dan infeksi pascaoperasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuigambaran dan ketepatan penggunaan serta efektivitas antibiotik profilaksis pada pasien bedah sesar padadua rumah sakit di Surakarta tahun 2010. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif dengan pengambilandata rekam medis secara retrospektif. Analisis dilakukan terhadap penggunaan antibiotik yang meliputiketepatan antibiotik dibandingkan dengan ketepatan dosis dan  waktu pemberian berdasarkan standar WHO. Sebanyak 200 pasien yang diteliti, ditemukan 76% berusia 20–35 tahun, usia kehamilan sudah cukup bulan (90,5%), lama perawatan di rumah sakit lebih dari 5 hari (46,5%), dan indikasi terbanyakbedah sesar adalah ketuban pecah dini (29%). Antibiotik profilaksis yang digunakan adalah ampisilin(24%), ampisilin-sulbaktam (23%), seftriakson (19,5%), sefotaksim (16%), amoksisilin-klavulanat(11%), dan  sefazolin (6,5%). Ditemukan kesesuaian pemilihan obat dengan standar WHO (30,5%),yang meliputi tepat dosis (6,5%) dan tepat waktu pemberian (52%). Penggunaan antibiotik 100% efektifuntuk mencegah luka infeksi setelah operasi.   Kata kunci: Antibiotik, bedah sesar, profilaksisEvaluation of the Use and Effectiveness of Antibiotics for Prophylactic inPatients with Cesarean Section  at Hospitals in Surakarta in 2010AbstractThe use of antibiotics for prophylactic in sectio cesarean can reduce the risk of infection-relatedcomplications and postoperative infections. This study aims to describe and evaluate the usage  and theeffectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in cesarean section  patients in two hospitals in Surakarta inyear 2010. The study used retrospective data from medical records. The analysis was then conducted onthe use of antibiotic including the appropriateness of antibiotic (compare to the standard of WHO), theappropriateness of dose and the time of administration. The data from two hundred of patients  showedthat 76% of patients were between 20–35 years old and the patients with aterm pregnancy were 90.5%,46.5% of patients had the length of stay in hospital more than 5 days and 29% of cesarean deliveryindicated by amniotic premature rupture. Antibiotics that used for prophylactic were ampicillin (24%),ampicillin-sulbactam (23%), ceftriaxone (19.5%), cefotaxime (16%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (11%),and cefazolin (6.5%). It was found that 30,5% of drugs were selected based on standard,  6.5% of drugswere given in the appropriate  dose and 52% of drugs were administrated on-time. In conclusion, theantibiotics are 100% effective to prevent the incidence of surgical wound infection.Key words: Antibiotics, cesarean section, prophylactic
Peran Kepemimpinan dan Employee Engagement terhadap Kinerja Individual Karyawan Instalasi Farmasi Susi A. Rahayu; Emma Surahman
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Ketidakpuasan karyawan terhadap kepala instalasi dapat menyebabkan kinerja karyawan menurun dan ketidakpuasan pelanggan. Salah satu cara  meningkatkan kinerja karyawan adalah denganmerasa terikat terhadap pekerjaannya (employee engagement). Salah satu faktor untuk meningkatkanemployee engagement adalah faktor kepemimpinan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja individual karyawan instalasi farmasi rumah sakit serta pengaruh employee engagement sebagai mediator. Sebanyak 79 karyawan instalasi farmasi dari dua rumah sakit swasta di Kota Bandung menjadi partisipan. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik partial least square untuk menguji hubungan hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat signifikansi antara kepemimpinan terhadap employee engagement (t value (12,84) > t-tabel (1,64)), signifikansi employee engagement terhadap kinerja individual (t value (3,83) > t-tabel (1,64)). Kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja individual (t value (0,45) < t-tabel (1,64)) tidak terdapat pengaruh dan signifikansinya. Employee engagement memediasi hubungan antara kepemimpinan dan kinerja individual.Kata kunci: Kepemimpinan, employee engagement, kinerja individual Role of Leadership and Employee Engagement towards Individual Performance of Pharmacy EmployeesAbstractEmployees dissatisfaction to the head of the hospital pharmacy will decrease employees performanceand unsatisfied customers. To solve the problems, employees should be based on performance as customer expectations in providing services. One of the ways to improve the performance of the employees, they must feel engage to the work. One of the factors to improve employee engagement isthe leadership factor. Therefore, it is necessary to study the impact of leadership on individual performance employee in hospital pharmacy and also the influence of employee engagement as a mediator. A total of 79 employees from the pharmacy in two private hospitals in Bandung became theparticipants. This study used the technique of partial least squares to test the hypothesized relationships.The results showed that there were significant between leadership to employee engagement (t value (12,84) > t-table (1.64)), the significance of employee engagement on individual performance (t value (3.83) > t-table (1.64)). In contrast, there was no influence and significance in leadership on individual performance (t value (0.45) < t-table (1.64)). Employee engagement fully mediated the relationshipbetween leadership and individual performance. Therefore, improving pharmacy services is a set of actions and involvement of pharmacy employees who are consistent, sustainable and clear. Key words: Leadership, employee engagement, individual performance
Swamedikasi di Kalangan Masyarakat Perkotaan di Kota Yogyakarta Aris Widayati
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 2, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Penelitian observasional potong lintang ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi prevalensi dan pola swamedikasi di Kota Yogyakarta. Sejumlah 640 sampel di Kota Yogyakarta dipilih secara klaster acak pada periode Maret–Mei 2010. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara statistik deskriptif. Sebanyak 50% dari responden tersebut berswamedikasi satu kali, 33% dua kali dan 17% lebih dari dua kali. Responden yang membeli obat modern sebanyak 86% dan obat tradisional sebanyak 14%. Obat swamedikasi diperoleh dari apotek (42%), toko/warung kelontong (35%), toko obat (7%), dan kombinasi ketiganya (16%). Sebanyak 99% responden sembuh atau setidaknya berkurang keluhannya setelah berswamedikasi. Jika tidak sembuh setelah berswamedikasi, 45% responden menyatakan akan pergi ke dokter, sementara 20% lainnya ke puskesmas, 5% ke rumah sakit dan 5% kembali melakukan swamedikasi. Sumber informasi tentang obat mereka peroleh dari iklan (32%), dokter (17%), teman (17%), dan dari apotek (5%). Alasan mereka berswamedikasi antara lain pengalaman sembuh menggunakan obat tersebut sebelumnya (24%), berpersepsi bahwa penyakitnya ringan (22%), cepat dan praktis (17%) dan murah (13%). Temuan diatas mengindikasikan peluang dari aspek bisnis apotek sekaligus tantangan peningkatan peran profesi apoteker terutama di apotek dalam membantu masyarakat berswamedikasi secara tepat.Kata kunci: Swamedikasi, masyarakat perkotaanSelf-Medication among Urban Population in YogyakartaThis observational cross-sectional study is aimed at exploring prevalence and patterns of SM in Yogyakarta. A cluster random sampling technique was applied to select 640 adults in Yogyakarta between March and May 2010. From a total of 559 completed questionnaires, 247 (44%) respondents who had self-medicated during two previous weeks were included in subsequent analysis. Among these respondents, 50%had self-me-dicated once, 33% twice and 17% more than two times. Eighty-six percent of respondents had consumedmodern medicines while the rest 14% had used traditional ones. The drug for SM was obtained from pharmacies (42%), groceries (35%), drug stores (7%) and combination of those three sources (16%). Most of the respondents (99%) were recovered from their illnesses or at least experienced a symptom relieve after SMs. Forty-five percent respondents stated that they will visit a physician when they see no improvement after SM, while the rest said they will visit primary healthcenters (20%) and hospitals (5%) orrepeat their SM (5%). Information about the medicines areobtained from advertisements (32%), physicians (17%), friends (17%) and pharmacists (5%). The motivation for SM are previous experience of being relieved (24%), perception that they haveminor illnesses (22%), quick and easy (17%) and cheap (13%). Above findings indicate a business opportunityof pharmacies and a challenge to improve the role of pharmacists in assisting people regarding the selection of medicines for SM.Key words: Self-medication, urban people
Dampak Self Efficacy terhadap Perilaku Inovasi Apoteker di Rumah Sakit Sri M. Wahyuningrum; Sunu Widianto; Rizky Abdulah
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Rumah sakit selalu dituntut agar dapat meningkatkan mutu pelayanan sesuai dengan standar profesi yang sesuai dengan kode etiknya. Oleh karena itu, tenaga kesehatan di rumah sakit, khususnya apoteker, dituntut untuk terus meningkatkan pelayanannya kepada masyarakat. Untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan kepada masyarakat, maka apoteker harus berinteraksi dan diterima oleh tenaga kesehatan professional lainnya di rumah sakit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh self efficacy apoteker terhadap organisasinya di rumah sakit yang menjadi dampak terhadap perilaku inovasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif yaitu observasi dengan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat ukur. Hasil penelitian diukur menggunakan angka berupa nilai, peringkat, dan frekuensi yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik untuk menjawab pertanyaan atau hipotesis penelitian dalam melakukan prediksi bahwa suatu variabel tertentu mempengaruhi variabel yang lain. Prediksi ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan software smart PLS. Hasil penelitian secara statistik menunjukan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara self efficacy terhadap perilaku inovasi apoteker di rumah sakit. Seorang apoteker yang memiliki self efficacy yang tinggi akan memiliki perilaku inovasi yang tinggi dalam menjalankan pekerjaan kefarmasiannya di rumah sakit.Kata kunci: Self efficacy, perilaku inovasi, apoteker di rumah sakitImpact of Self Efficacy on Innovative Behaviour Pharmacist in HospitalAbstractHospitals are always required in order to improve the quality of service in accordance with professionalstandards in accordance with their code of ethics. Therefore, health workers in hospitals, especiallypharmacists, are required to continuously improve its service to the community. To improve health servicesto the community, then the pharmacist must interact and be accepted by other professional healthpersonnel in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of self-efficacy pharmacistin a hospital organization that became an impact on innovative behavior. This study used an obsevationalquantitative measurement using questionnaire instrument. The results measured by number consistof value, rank, and frequencies were analyzed using statistics software smartPLS to answer the researchquestion or hypothesis to predict a particular variable affects another variable. The results showed thateffect between self-efficacy of behavioral innovations in the hospital pharmacist significantly different.A pharmacist who has high self-efficacy will obviously have the higher innovation behavior in hospitals.Key words: Self-efficacy, innovative behavior, hospital pharmacist
Pengaruh Kontaminasi Mikroba terhadap Kualitas Obat Antituberkulosis Racikan di Bandung Angga P. Kautsar; Sri A. F. Kusuma; Kartini Kurniawati; Syahidah Binti Ab. Razak
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 2, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Berdasarkan profil tuberkulosis (TBC) Indonesia dari World Health Organization (WHO), total kasus baru penyakit TBC pada tahun 2011 adalah 313.601 kasus dan 8,9% melibatkan anak-anak di bawah 15 tahun. Tingkat kesembuhan TBC pada anak dipengaruhi terutama oleh kualitas pengobatan Obat Anti Tuberkulosis (OAT) yang diberikan. Pertimbangan pemberian obat dalam bentuk racikan tersebut karena perhitungan dosis dapat disesuaikan dengan berat badan dan umur anak secara lebih tepat. Tujuanpenelitian ini adalah mengukur pengaruh kontaminasi mikroba terhadap kualitas OAT racikan guna meningkatkan efek terapi yang diharapkan dan mencegah kegagalan pengobatan TBC. Uji kontaminasi mikroba menggunakan Metode Angka Lempeng Total (ALT). Hasil uji menunjukkan kondisi kadar kontaminasi mikroba seluruhnya dalam kategori memenuhi syarat. Kualitas obat racik menunjukkan 82% masuk dalam kategori cukup baik, dan 18% masuk dalam kategori baik. Kata kunci: Tuberkulosis, proses peracikan, Metode Angka Lempeng TotalEffect of Microbes Contamination in Quality of Compounding Antitubeculosis Drugs in BandungBased on The Indonesia’s TBC profile from WHO, total of TBC new cases in year 2011 is 313.601 cases and 8.9% involve children under age of 15. TBC cure rate for pediatric patient was influenced primarily by the quality of antituberculosis medicine given. Consideration of drug delivery in the form of compoundedmedicine because the dose can be calculated and adjust base on weight and age of the pediatric patient. The qualities of compounded medicine need to be monitored in order to increase the expected therapeutic effect and to prevent TBC treatment failure. Survey has been carried out in the level of microbecontaminations test using Total Plate Count Method (TPC). From the TPC test, all of the microbe contaminations tests (100%) show qualified levels of contaminations. Both of the results, the qualitiesof compounded medicine shows 82% categorize as good and 18% as very good.Key words: Tuberculosis, compounding processes, Total Plate Count Method
Profil Penatalaksanaan Kanker Serviks Stadium IIB–IIIB dengan Terapi Radiasi dan Kemoradiasi di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Periode Tahun 2015–2017 Dewi Legianawati; Irma M. Puspitasari; Auliya A. Suwantika; Adji Kusumadjati
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 8, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1191.565 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2019.8.3.205

Abstract

Kanker serviks merupakan jenis kanker dengan kasus kedua terbanyak di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Hasan Sadikin (RSHS) dan 82% di antaranya merupakan stadium II dan III. Terapi yang direkomendasikan untuk kanker serviks stadium IIB–IIIB menurut Pedoman Nasional Pelayanan Kedokteran (PNPK) kanker serviks adalah kemoradiasi atau radioterapi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran profil penatalaksanaan kanker serviks stadium IIB–IIIB dengan radioterapi dan kemoradiasi di RSHS pada tahun 2015–2017. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan metode potong lintang. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif dari rekam medik pasien di Instalasi Onkologi Radiasi dan Sistem Informasi Rumah Sakit (SIRS) RSHS dengan kriteria inklusi pasien dewasa berusia lebih dari 18 tahun, memiliki data klinis dan data terapi yang lengkap serta tidak memiliki penyakit penyerta. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dan secara statistik dengan uji Kruskal Wallis untuk data numerik serta uji Chi-Square dan uji Fisher’s Exact untuk data kategorik. Terdapat 234 data pasien yang memenuhi kriteria. Sebanyak 94,01% pasien berasal dari Jawa Barat, 86,1% merupakan ibu rumah tangga dan 63,6% mengenyam pendidikan hingga tingkat Sekolah Dasar. Radioterapi merupakan terapi yang lebih banyak diberikan kepada pasien dengan dosis total sekitar 6700–7200cGy dan rata-rata lama terapi selama 14 minggu. Rata-rata waktu yang diperlukan pasien untuk mendapatkan terapi setelah mendaftar untuk terapi sekitar 7 minggu. Regimen kemoterapi sisplatin merupakan regimen pilihan utama yang diberikan pada pasien dengan kemoradiasi dengan frekuensi 1–5 kali pemberian. Efek samping yang paling sering terjadi pada terapi kanker serviks baik dengan radioterapi maupun kemoradiasi adalah mual dan muntah. Analisis efektivitas biaya akan dilakukan pada penelitian selanjutnya untuk mengetahui terapi mana yang lebih baik dari segi efektivitas terapi dan biaya.Kata kunci: Kanker serviks, kemoradiasi, radioterapi, stadium IIB–IIIB, tatalaksana kanker serviks Management Profile of Stage IIB–IIIB Cervical Cancer with Radiation Therapy and Chemoradiation at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in 2015–2017AbstractCervical cancer is a type of cancer with the second most cases at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital (RSHS) Bandung and 82% of those cases are stage II and III. Recommended therapy for cervical cancer stage IIB–IIIB according to the National Medical Services guidelines for cervical cancer (PNPK) is chemoradiation or radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of the management profile of stage IIB–IIIB cervical cancer with radiotherapy and chemoradiation at RSHS in 2015–2017. This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional method. Retrospective data collection was carried out from medical records of patients in Radiation Oncology Installation and Hospital Information System (SIRS) with inclusion criteria of adult patient with over 18 years of age, having complete clinical and therapeutic data and not having any comorbidities. Obtained data were analyzed descriptively and statistically with Kruskal Wallis test for numerical data and Chi-Square test and Fisher’s Exact test for categorical data. A total of 234 patients’ data met the criteria. Ninety four percent of patients came from West Java, 86.1% were housewives and 63.6% had a primary school education level. Most of patients were given radiotherapy with a total dose of about 6700–7200cGy and the average length of therapy was 14 weeks. The average time for a patient to obtain therapy after registering for therapy was about 7 weeks. Cisplatin was the first line chemotherapy regimen given to patients with chemoradiation with a frequency of 1–5 times administration. The most common side-effects of cervical cancer therapy with radiotherapy or chemoradiation were nausea and vomiting. Cost-effectiveness analysis will be carried out in further research to find out which therapies are better in terms of therapy and cost-effectiveness.Keywords: Cervical cancer, chemoradiation, management of cervical cancer, radiotherapy, stage IIB–IIIB

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