Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease
This journal is a peer-reviewed journal established to promote the recognition of emerging and reemerging diseases specifically in Indonesia, South East Asia, other tropical countries and around the world, and to improve the understanding of factors involved in disease emergence, prevention, and elimination.
The journal is intended for scientists, clinicians, and professionals in infectious diseases and related sciences. We welcome contributions from infectious disease specialists in academia, industry, clinical practice, public health, and pharmacy, as well as from specialists in economics, social sciences and other disciplines.
Articles
382 Documents
<![CDATA[Mycobacterium leprae in Daily Water Resources of Inhabitants Who Live in Leprosy Endemic Area of East Java ]]>
<![CDATA[Wahyuni, Ratna]]>;
<![CDATA[Adriaty, Dinar]]>;
<![CDATA[iswahyudi, iswahyudi]]>;
<![CDATA[Prakoeswa, Cita Rosita S.]]>;
<![CDATA[Agusni, Indropo]]>;
<![CDATA[izumi, shinzo]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 1 No. 2 (2010) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v1i2.2164
<![CDATA[Leprosy still a health problem in Indonesia, where many leprosy pocket areas still persists, especially in the eastern part of the country. Although the program of WHO – Multidrug Therapy (MDT) regiment has been conducted elsewhere since 1980s, only the prevalence can be reduced but not the incidence of new leprosy cases. Theoretically after the source of leprosy (the infectious leprosy cases) has been treated, no more transmission of the disease and should be no more new leprosy cases will be found. To explain this phenomenon, the non-human resource of M.leprae became a new topic of debates, especially the existence of bacteria in the environment. A field study of the existence of M.leprae in the environment of leprosy endemic area had been conducted in a leprosy endemic area of the northern part of East Java. The aim of the study is to find any correlation of the existence of these bacteria in the environment with the presence of leprosy patients who live in that area, in order to study its role in the transmission of the disease. Ninety water samples from wells in the house of inhabitants who live in one endemic sub district were collected. The owner of the well was interviewed whether any leprosy patients who routinely use the water for their daily life activities. Water samples were examined by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method to detect M.leprae DNA, using the LpF-LpR and Lp3-Lp4 nested primers (99bp). The PCR results showed positive band for M.leprae in 22 out of 90 (24%) water samples. Water samples from wells that used by leprosy patients showed positive PCR in 11/48 (23%), while 11 out of 42 (26%) water samples from wells that never been used by leprosy cases showed positive result. Statistically there was no difference (p>0.05) in the positivity of M.leprae between the two groups. It was concluded that the existence of M.leprae in the daily water resource was not correlated with the present of leprosy cases in the area. Possible symbiosis between protozoan and mycobacterium in the environment were discussed.]]>
<![CDATA[MECHANISMS OF PERIODONTITIS - INDUCED ATHEROSCLEROSIS ]]>
<![CDATA[Hudyono, Rikko]]>;
<![CDATA[Sunariani, Jenny]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 1 No. 3 (2010) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v1i3.2197
<![CDATA[Nowadays CVD become the most common cause of death in US and worldwide. Atherosclerosis plays an important role in CVDs pathogenesis. Atherosclerosis decreases the elasticity of the vascular. Atherosclerosis shares the same risk factor as CVD, in which obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and lack of physical activity may initiate it. However, 50% of all CVD patients are lack of the usual causes of CVD. The purpose of this review is to reveal the mechanism of periodontitis-induced atherosclerosis. Inflammation and autoimmune disease might play an important role in initiate the CVD. Periodontitis is one of the oral diseases which can cause systemic inflammation and may induce the atherosclerosis. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) which is the major cause of periodontitis can induce it by expressing protein gp130 in its fimbriae. Periodontics patients are prone to have bacteremia by daily routine oral hygiene activity. Chronic bacteremia may alter the endothelial physiology, which is resulted in neointima formation, EC dysfunction, and lipid accumulation. It is concluded that periodontitis may play an important role in initiation and progression of atherosclerosis.]]>
<![CDATA[PROFILE OF COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN AT SOETOMO HOSPITAL SURABAYA IN 00–00 ]]>
<![CDATA[Setyoningrum, Retno Asih]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 2 No. 1 (2011) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v2i1.92
<![CDATA[Background: Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most important health problem affecting children all over the world. Clinical findings, laboratory and radiological examination of CAP may largely vary from mild to severe. Objective: To report profile of CAP in children hospitalized at Soetomo Hospital Surabaya in 2007–2008 Methods: This research was a retrospective study. Data of children with primary diagnosis of CAP in 2007–2008 were obtained from medical records of the Department of Child Health Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. The diagnosis CAP was based on WHO criteria (pneumonia clinical syndrome). The clinical features of illness, laboratory and radiological examination were recorded and presented descriptively. Results: During the study period, 438 patients were diagnosed as CAP. More than half (83.4%) patients aged 3 months– 3 year. Beside cough and tachypnea, most common symptom and signs were chest indrawing (76.2%) and fever (23.8%). Leucocytosis (39.6%). Bacteria was found in 8.2%. Accompanying diseases (i.e congenital heart disease, neurological and gastroenterological disorders) were found in 36.4%. One hundred fifty seven patients (35.8%) had malnutrition. Patchy infiltrate was found in 80.8% chest X-ray examination. Mortality was found in 4.3%. Conclusions: Community acquired pneumonia in children still count as a major problem at Soetomo Hospital Surabaya.]]>
<![CDATA[USING LEARNING VECTOR QUANTIZATION METHOD FOR AUTOMATED IDENTIFICATION OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS ]]>
<![CDATA[Purwanti, Endah]]>;
<![CDATA[Widiyanti, Prihartini]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 3 No. 1 (2012) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v3i1.198
<![CDATA[In this paper, we are developing an automated method for the detection of tubercle bacilli in clinical specimens, principally the sputum. This investigation is the first attempt to automatically identify TB bacilli in sputum using image processing and learning vector quantization (LVQ) techniques. The evaluation of the learning vector quantization (LVQ) was carried out on Tuberculosis dataset show that average of accuracy is 91,33%.]]>
<![CDATA[The Utilization of Achatina fulica Mucus in Alginate Membrane as Wound Healing Accelerator and Anti- Infection Material ]]>
<![CDATA[Rahmawati, Fatkhunisa]]>;
<![CDATA[Mayasari, Dita Ayu]]>;
<![CDATA[Adhitioso, Satrio]]>;
<![CDATA[Putra, Alfian Pramudita]]>;
<![CDATA[Kuntjoro, Eko Budi]]>;
<![CDATA[Widiyanti, Prihartini]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 1 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v5i1.209
<![CDATA[Wound should be covered with bandage that is called wound dressing. Most people use synthetic materials such as gauze dressing. Gauze has high absorption of NaCl, which is often used to cleanse the wound. However, discomfort and pain arise since the gauze becomes sticky on the wound. Therefore, we need other alternatives instead of gauze to cover wound. One such alternative is the alginate membrane. This study used alginate membrane with mixture of mucous of the snail Achatina fulica, which contain proteins such as proline, serine asparagine, glycosaminoglycan, hydroxylysine, trionin and so forth, to activate the growth factor. Alginatepowder and carboxymethl cellulose (CMC) was dissolved in distilled water mixed with mucus of the snail Achatina fulica in four variations (4:0; 4:1, 4:2, 4:3) through a magnetic stirrer, and casted on a baking sheet covered with sterile gauze. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) test showed that the glycosaminoglycan content was found on the mucous of Achatina fulica. This was indicated by the appearance of peak at 325–350 second. The most optimum alginate and mucus composition was in ratio of 4:2. This ratio resulted in a wound dressing that was still able to absorb the exudate and optimally accelerated wound healing.]]>
<![CDATA[UPDATE MANAGEMENT DENGUE SHOCK SYNDROME IN PEDIATRIC CASES ]]>
<![CDATA[Soegijanto, Soegeng]]>;
<![CDATA[Chilvia, Eva]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 4 No. 4 (2013) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v4i4.227
<![CDATA[Background: Since 1968 Dengue Virus Infection has been found in Indonesia, especially at Surabaya and Jakarta city. Firstly management of dengue virus infection very difficult to improve, therefore the higher mortality nearly 41,4% had been found but on the following years in five decades the mortality rates was becoming to decrease until 1,27% on 2011. Aim: To find the new management of Dengue Shock Syndrome to reach the lower fatality rate below 1%. Method: Until now to manage Dengue Shock Syndrome is very difficult, some cases can be improved but the other lost due to the late coming in the hospital and not involved in criteria diagnosis base on WHO 1997. To solve this problem WHO 2009 had made new criteria diagnosis Dengue Virus Infection focusing on early detection of severe Dengue Virus Infection especially Dengue Shock Syndrome. Result: On 2011 WHO had made an integrated criteria diagnosis base on WHO 2009 and WHO 1997. These criteria was focusing in Update management of Dengue Shock Syndrome in Pediatric Cases. Based on this action, this paper will improve clinical management to reach the lower mortality of Dengue Shock Syndrome in Community until CFR < 1%. Conclusion: By using integrated criteria of WHO 2009 and 1997, update management of Dengue Shock Syndrome in Pediatric cases, can improve clinical management to reach the lower mortality in community until CFR < 1%.]]>
<![CDATA[THE PREVALENCE OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFIENCY VIRUS-1 (HIV-1) SUBTYPES AND TRANSMISSION METHOD AMONG HIV/AIDS INFECTION PATIENT IN TULUNGAGUNG, EAST JAVA INDONESIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Ardianto, Achmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Khairunisa, Siti Qamariyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Kotaki, Tomohiro]]>;
<![CDATA[Witaningrum, Adiana Mutamsari]]>;
<![CDATA[Qushay, M.]]>;
<![CDATA[Juniastuti, Juniastuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahayu, Retno Pudji]]>;
<![CDATA[Widiyanti, Prihartini]]>;
<![CDATA[Utomo, Budi]]>;
<![CDATA[Lusida, Maria Inge]]>;
<![CDATA[Nasronudin, Nasronudin]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 5 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v5i5.305
<![CDATA[The rapid epidemic growth of HIV is continuing in Indonesia. There are some factors which have influenced the spreading of this epidemic in Indonesia, such as the poor awareness to avoid unsafe free sex attitude and the sharing of needles and syringes among intravenous drug users (IDUs). The sexual transmission of HIV has also apparently increased in Tulungagung. Commercial sex workers play a significant role in the spread of HIV in Tulungagung. People in Tulungagung have worked at other countries as Indonesian migrants. This condition can cause the increase number of HIV-1 case and the possibility of genetic variation (subtype) HIV-1 in Tulungagung. This research is aimed to analyze the subtype and to determine estimation of transmission mode on infected patient of HIV-1 and AIDS who came to Seruni clinic Dr. Iskak hospital in Tulungagung. 40 HIV?AIDSpatients were interviewed to determine the subtype and the transmission mode. The results showed that 14 of 40 plasma samples (35%) were successfully to amplified and sequenced. OverallCRF01-AE wereidentified as predominant subtype among HIV/AIDS patients in Tulungagung. Based on individual information, 31 of 40 subjects (77%) were heterosexual transmission.]]>
<![CDATA[PATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSTIC AND MANAGEMENT OF TOXOPLASMOSIS ]]>
<![CDATA[Yuliawati, Irma]]>;
<![CDATA[Nasronudin, Nasronudin]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 4 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v5i4.2008
<![CDATA[Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite of protozoa groups, can infect humans and all warm-blooded animals, are found in almost all locations around the world. Infection generally occurs orally through the consumption of animal products that are not perfectly cooked infected oocyst, parasite containing foods in the form of bradyzoite, contact with cat's feces containing oocysts or vertical transmission occurring through hematogenous placenta. Toxoplamosis can occur in acute or chronic. It divided into five categories, namely, toxoplasmosis in patients immunocompetent, toxoplasmosis in pregnancy, congenital toxoplasmosis, toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients and ocular toxoplasmosis. In each category of clinical manifestations of toxoplasmosis are often non-specific. Methods of diagnosis and interpretation are often different for each category. Toxoplasmosis can be diagnosed through a series of tests such as serology, PCR, histology parasites and parasite isolation. Treatment management of this disease requires a long time. Therapy depends on the category of infections as well as individual therapeutic response. The combination of pyrimethamine with sulfadiazine is the drug choice for toxoplasmosis.]]>
<![CDATA[THE CLINICAL PROFILES OF AVIAN INFLUENzA IN ENDEMIC AND NON-ENDEMIC REGIONS IN INDONESIA. HOSPITAL-BASED STUDIES AND ITS IMPLICATION ON CLINICAL MANAGEMENT IN THE FUTURE ]]>
<![CDATA[Wibisono, Muhammad Jusuf]]>;
<![CDATA[Meliana, Resti Yudhawati]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 1 No. 3 (2010) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v1i3.2192
<![CDATA[Indonesia is a greatest burden country of H5N1 avian influenza (AI) virus infection in the world, since first outbreak in Central Java 2005 until August 2010 there was 168 confirmed cases and 138 dead cases. The incidence increasing rapidly in widespread area endemic in Java, Sumatera, Bali and Sulawesi, and sporadic outbreaks in other areas. The World Health Organization stated that AI still became a treat in the next pandemic. H5N1 AI virus infection spreads in almost all provinces, but its endemic in Jakarta, Tangerang and Banten and in other area such Surabaya, Bali were sporadic outbreaks. There are 27 confirmed H5N1 AI infection cases in Jakarta from 296 suspected cases, while in Surabaya only 5 confirmed H5N1 AI infection cases from 12 suspected cases. The age of patient mean with H5N1 AI infection was 16.9 ± 11.6 yo in Jakarta and 24 ± 8.51 yo in Surabaya. There was no difference between male and female. Mortality rate was 77.7% in Jakarta and 60% in Surabaya. A large number of case has indirect contact history, predominantly by visiting market or areas where outbreaks of poultry disease. The clinical feature H5N1 AI virus infection could manifest as mild until severe pneumonia that often progress rapidly to ARDS. In Jakarta, 74% case showed abnormality chest radiography as bilateral pneumonia, while in Surabaya showed lobar pneumonia and bilateral pneumonia. Management patient of H5N1 AI infection is supportive therapy and antiviral, whereas a large number of cases needed mechanical ventilator support.]]>
<![CDATA[THE CHANGING CLINICAL PERFORMANCE OF DENGUE VIRUS INFECTION IN THE YEAR 2009 ]]>
<![CDATA[Soegijanto, Soegeng]]>;
<![CDATA[Susilowati, Helen]]>;
<![CDATA[Mulyanto, Kris Cahyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Hendrianto, Eryk]]>;
<![CDATA[Yamanaka, Atushi]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 3 No. 1 (2012) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v3i1.193
<![CDATA[Background: Dengue (DEN) virus, the most important arthropod-borne human pathogen, represents a serious public health threat. DEN virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of the domestic mosquito, Aedes aegypti, and circulates in nature as four distinct serological types DEN-1 to 4). The aim of Study: To identify Dengue Virus Serotype I which showed mild clinical performance in fiveyears before and afterward showed severe clinical performance. Material and Method: Prospective and analytic observational study had been done in Dr. Soetomo Hospital and the ethical clearance was conduct on January 01, 2009. The population of this research is all cases of dengue virus infection. Diagnosis were done based on WHO 1997. All of these cases were examined for IgM & IgG anti Dengue Virus and then were followed by PCR examination to identify Dengue Virus serotype. Result and Discussion: DEN 2 was predominant virus serotype with produced a spectrum clinical illness from asymptomatic, mild illness to classic dengue fever (DF) to the most severe form of illness (DHF). But DEN 1 usually showed mild illness. Helen at al (2009–2010) epidemiologic study of Dengue Virus Infection in Health Centre Surabaya and Mother and Child Health Soerya Sidoarjo found many cases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Feverwere caused by DEN 1 Genotype IV. Amor (2009) study in Dr. Soetomo Hospital found DEN 1 showed severe clinical performance of primary Dengue Virus Infection as Dengue Shock Syndrome two cases and one unusual case.Conclusion: The epidemiologic study of Dengue Virus Infection in Surabaya and Sidoarjo; in the year 2009 found changing predominant Dengue Virus Serotype from Dengue Virus II to Dengue Virus 1 Genotype IV which showed a severe clinical performance coincident with primary infection.]]>
