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WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal)
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Published by Universitas Warmadewa
ISSN : 25274627     EISSN : 25799010     DOI : doi.org/10.22225/wmj
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) is the Journal of Medicine & Health, contains scientific articles (Original/ Research Articles, Review Articles, Case Reports) by academic community of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Warmadewa University, other Faculties of Medicine and Health Sciences and other related Institutions. It is the medium for hardskill and softskills development as an integral part of the Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi (Education, Research, Public Service) and health services in the forms of media of communication, information, scientific education, as a subsystem of Medicine and Health holistic and comprehensive services.
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Articles 117 Documents
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Correlation between History Early Breastfeeding Initiation and Exclusive Breastfeeding among Mothers of Infants Aged Ni Wayan Novi Hardiyani; Ni Made Dwi Mahayati; Gusti Ayu Eka Utarini
WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) Vol 9 No 2 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Warmadewa University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/wmj.9.2.9963.79-88

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) and exclusive breastfeeding to mothers in the Banjarangkan II Public Health Center, Regional Technical Implementation Unit (RTIU). This study employs the correlative analytical method of cross-sectional design, utilizing a retrospective approach. This study lasted from February to April 2024. The random proportional sample method consists of 58 individuals. We collected data through questionnaires and used the Fisher exact test for data analysis. The results of the study showed that the majority (89.7%) of mothers of babies aged 7–12 months had EIBFs, and most (82.8%) had exclusive breastfeeding. Studies show that mothers who perform EIBF in the Banjarangkan II Public Health Center's Regional Technical Implementation Unit work area and have babies aged 7–12 months are more likely to provide breast milk as the only source of nutrition for babies, often called exclusive breastfeeding. The results indicate a correlation between the history of EIBF and exclusive breastfeeding among mothers, with a contingency coefficient value of 0.597. To implement EIBF, midwives must continue to promote pregnant mothers’ health.
Demographical and Clinical Characteristic of Urolithiasis Inpatient in Buleleng District General Hospital on 2021 I Gde Arie Kusuma Wijaya; Made Suadnyani Pasek; I Gede Surya Dinata
WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) Vol 9 No 2 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Warmadewa University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/wmj.9.2.9993.70-78

Abstract

Urolithiasis is the most common emergency condition in urology and is often diagnosed in urology centers. It is important to know the epidemiology of urolithiasis to help improve medical services for urolithiasis patients. Urolithiasis prevalence has increased in the world. Bali Province occupies the fourth rank with a prevalence of kidney stones of 0.7%, and Buleleng Regency is included in the top five cases of urolithiasis in Bali with a 0.9% prevalence. Unfortunately, data in Buleleng Regency has not been tabulated in detail in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics. The purpose of this research was to observe and analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of inpatients with urinary tract stones at Buleleng District Hospital in 2021. This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study using secondary medical record data with a total sampling method. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Of the 45 samples, the dominant result in the age group of 15-64 years was 86.7%, male (75.6%), employee occupation group (64.4%), and Buleleng district (31.1%). The dominant clinical symptoms are back pain (82.2%), nephrolithiasis (68.8%), size > 20 mm (93.3%), enforced by BOF (86.7%), urinalysis (95.6%), managed by URS flexible lithotripsy (73.3%), urinary tract infection as a complication (53.3%), and no comorbidities (80.1%). Most of the urolithiasis patients are male office workers in the productive age group, predominating in Buleleng District, and managed with URS flexible lithotripsy with predominant complications of UTI (urinary tract infection) and no comorbidities.
Histopathological Study of Wistar Rat Liver Infected with Schistosoma japonicum David Pakaya; Varel Bramantio Gagola; Christin Rony Nayoan; Junjun Fitriani; Vera Diana Towidjojo
WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) Vol 9 No 2 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Warmadewa University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/wmj.9.2.10203.64-69

Abstract

Schistosoma, including Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum), can live with an intermediate host, such as rats, and infect mammals, such as humans and rats. We can use a rat model to understand the pathophysiology of Schistosoma. The aim of this study is to describe the histopathological changes of Wistar rat liver infected with S. japonicum. This is a quasi-experimental study that employs a descriptive qualitative approach. The samples were 8-week-old male Wistar rats with an average weight of 250 to 350 g. The whole sample was made up of 16 rats that were given S. japonicum cercaria intraperitoneally. The rats were then split into 4 groups: the control group (C) ended on day 0, the T1 group ended on day 14, the T2 group ended on day 42, and the T3 group ended on day 60. We necropsied the liver, examined it histopathologically using hematoxylin eosin staining, and conducted a qualitative analysis. In the control group, we observed normal liver structure; in the T1 group, we observed hepatocyte degeneration, dilatation of liver sinusoids, and accumulation of inflammatory cells; in the T2 group, we observed similar conditions to the T1 group, including hepatocyte apoptosis; in the T3 group, we observed hepatocyte degeneration, hepatocyte necrosis, infiltration of inflammatory cells (PMNs), and thickening of connective tissue. In conclusion, there was gradual liver damage over the period of time in animal models, and the worst is in chronic conditions, which are dominated by fibrotic tissue, but no granulomas have been found.
The Efficacy of Tembelekan Leaf Essential Oil (Lantana camara L.) as a Bioinsecticide for Aedes aegypti Mosquito Control Selvi Marcellia; Citra Yuliyanda Pardilawati; Jhons Fatriyadi Suwandi; Benazhir Saninah Annasya; Linda Septiani
WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) Vol 10 No 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Warmadewa University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/wmj.10.1.10506.34-39

Abstract

Indonesia, as a tropical region, is susceptible to infectious diseases such as Dengue Fever (DHF), which poses a risk of mortality in humans. The management of DHF vectors can be achieved through the application of chemical insecticides; however, these may have detrimental effects on human health. Therefore, a remedy in the form of bioinsecticides is necessary. Tembelekan leaves contain numerous active components, including lantadine, essential oils, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of essential oil from tembelekan leaves (Lantana camara) as a bioinsecticide for killing Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The research involved administering tembelekan leaf essential oil at concentrations of 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, and 1.25%, with observations conducted at the 1st and 2nd hours, resulting in a mortality rate of approximately 10% to 95%. This indicates that the efficacy of tembelekan leaf essential oil falls within the effective category for exterminating mosquitoes. In conclusion, tembelekan leaf essential oil is effective in exterminating Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.
The Impact of Aerobic Activity Programs on Quality of Life and Cardiovascular Fitness in the Elderly: A Review Agung Wahyu Permadi; Tanjung Subrata
WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) Vol 10 No 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Warmadewa University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/wmj.10.1.10603.48-58

Abstract

Aerobic activity is a gradual and targeted activity designed to enhance the body's ability to utilize cardiac and respiratory capacity (oxygen) effectively in the elderly. The growing number of elderly people and their long-term effects on psychological factors affecting their quality of life. This review aims to evaluate and synthesize scientific evidence on the effects of aerobic activity programs on quality of life and cardiovascular fitness in the elderly. This analysis uses the Preferred Reporting for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) method. A systematic search was conducted by searching the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, and Pubmed, independently using the terms "Aerobic", "Elderly", "Cardiovascular fitness", "Prevention", "Quality of life", "QoL", "exercise", "training", "sports", and "Physical". A total of 11 studies were included, demonstrating that engagement in aerobic physical activity leads to significant improvements in various health parameters among the elderly. These enhancements encompass cardiovascular health, physical function, and emotional well-being. A moderate, measured aerobic exercise program integrated into a daily routine can greatly benefit the health and vitality of the elderly. Such activities improve cardiovascular health, enhance physical function, and boost mental and emotional well-being, contributing to a better quality of life as we age.
Bahasa Inggris Putu Gde Hari Wangsa; I Gde Nengah Adhilaksman S.W; Ni Nyoman Ayu Sutrini
WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) Vol 10 No 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Warmadewa University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/wmj.10.1.11667.1-5

Abstract

Vitiligo is a pigmentation disorder characterized by hypopigmented macules resulting from the chronic and progressive loss of epidermal melanocyte function. This condition creates a stark contrast between depigmented and normal skin, which can be distressing for patients, particularly from a cosmetic perspective. Consequently, individuals with vitiligo often face stigmatization and psychosocial challenges, making them more susceptible to depression, anxiety, and stress. The treatment of vitiligo should also address its emotional impact, ultimately facilitating better adaptation to the disease and improving the patient's quality of life. This study aims to examine the relationship between vitiligo severity, measured using the Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI), and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). It employs an analytical cross-sectional approach involving vitiligo patients treated at Bali Mandara General Hospital. Primary data were collected through clinical assessments of VASI scores, followed by the completion of the validated and reliable DLQI questionnaire. The results indicate that the degree of depigmentation in vitiligo (VASI) has a strong impact on patients' quality of life (DLQI). Further research is needed to assess changes in DLQI after vitiligo patients undergo phototherapy or topical treatment, as well as to identify other factors beyond VASI that influence DLQI.
Secondary Intraocular Lens Implantation with Flanged Intrascleral Fixation in Aphakia Patient A. A. Ayu Sri Nadia; Dewa Gede Benny Raharja Prabawa; Luh Putu Wistya Eka Mahadewi
WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) Vol 10 No 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Warmadewa University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/wmj.10.1.11688.6-11

Abstract

Cataracts are a leading cause of blindness globally, with surgery being the most effective treatment. While phacoemulsification is the standard procedure in developed nations, cases involving inadequate capsular support, such as aphakia, present unique challenges. The flanged intrascleral fixation technique has emerged as a promising solution, offering enhanced stability and reduced complications compared to traditional methods like scleral-sutured intraocular lenses (IOLs). This case report explores the implementation of this innovative technique in an elderly patient with aphakia. A 78-year-old woman with blurred vision and aphakia in her left eye was referred for IOL implantation. Following previous cataract surgery without lens implantation, she required a stable and durable solution. Using the flanged intrascleral fixation method, a 3 mm sclerocorneal tunnel was created, and a 5.0 polypropylene suture was inserted through the IOL fixation hole. The flange procedure stabilized the lens, ensuring precise positioning. The surgery was completed with minimal bleeding, and postoperative care included antibiotics and pressure-reducing agents. Follow-up confirmed successful IOL placement with no complications, highlighting the technique’s efficacy. The flanged haptic technique represents a significant advancement in cataract surgery, particularly for patients with aphakia and insufficient capsular support. By simplifying the procedure and minimizing risks such as dislocation and inflammation, it offers improved surgical outcomes. Continued research into this method holds promise for enhancing patient care and advancing ophthalmological practices.
In-Silico Study of Black Sea Cucumber (Holothuria atra) Active Compounds against Plasmepsin 2 Protein of Plasmodium falciparum De. Bima Kurnia Ramadhan; Prawesty Diah Utami; Nita Pranitasari; I Dewa Made Widi Hersana; Dody Taruna
WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) Vol 10 No 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Warmadewa University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/wmj.10.1.11823.12-27

Abstract

The existence of evidence of resistance to artemisinin derivatives as first-line malaria therapy is a problem that must be resolved. One of them is a marine biota, which has the potential to act as an anti-malarial, namely the black sea cucumber (Holothuria atra/ H.atra). The aim of this research is to analyze H. atra antimalarial activity against P. falciparum - plasmepsin 2 protein used in-silico approach. This type of research is experimental, using in-silico tests (computerized tests) on bioactive compounds and target proteins. This research analyzes several aspects: the preparation of materials and tools, the preparation of P. falciparum protein, the preparation of active compounds for H. atra, the prediction of compound and pathway potential, the prediction of interactions between plasmepsin protein and bioactive compounds, and the prediction of antimalarial inhibitors on active compounds. The results of Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship/ analysis show that the biologically active compounds of sea cucumbers have anti-parasitic properties. Furthermore, the docking results show that 3 biologically active compounds from sea cucumbers have quite good inhibitory activity against Plasmepsin2 proteins, especially the compounds chlorogenic acid, catechin, and rutin. Chlorogenic acid compounds also have high PA values as antiparasitic agents, especially greater than 0.4. ADME/T demonstrated that chlorogenic acid and catechin conform to Lipinski's rule, but rutin fails to satisfy Lipinski's rule. Toxicity analysis showed that catechin (level 6) has lower toxicity than chlorogenic acid (level 4), and rutin (level 5). Therefore, it can be predicted that chlorogenic acid is the most potent compound in sea cucumbers with anti-malarial effects
The Correlation Between Serum Vitamin D Levels with Sleep Quality and Fatigue in Neurology and Psychiatry Trainees Doctors Putri Rossyana Dewi; Desak Ketut Indrasari Utami; Ida Bagus Kusuma Putra; Anak Agung Ayu Meidiary; I Komang Arimbawa; I Putu Eka Widyadharma
WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) Vol 10 No 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Warmadewa University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/wmj.10.1.12454.28-33

Abstract

Health workers, including resident physicians, are integral to delivering healthcare services. Engagement in both physical and non-physical tasks under rotating shift schedules may adversely impact sleep quality and precipitate fatigue among this cohort. Given the existing evidence, this study aims to examine the correlation between serum vitamin D levels, sleep quality, and fatigue among resident doctors. An analytical cross-sectional study was performed at Ngoerah Hospital from May to June 2022. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were quantified to ascertain vitamin D status. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and fatigue severity was measured via the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Serum 25(OH) D levels demonstrated a strong and statistically significant negative correlation with PSQI scores (r = -0.664, p<0.001) and with FSS scores (r = -0.734, p<0.001). Regression analysis revealed that each one-unit increase in serum vitamin D was associated with a 65.7% reduction in PSQI score and a 68.2% reduction in FSS score. Most participants exhibited insufficient to deficient vitamin D status, likely attributable to limited occupational sun exposure. Monitoring and management of vitamin D status, including education on adequate sunlight exposure and consideration of vitamin D supplementation, are critically important for healthcare professionals, who are at elevated risk for deficiency, to support optimal sleep quality and minimize fatigue that may adversely affect clinical performance.
The Role of Micronutrients in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: A Narrative Review Putu Evindya Vipascitadewi Nandanaya Bharata; I. G. A. A. Elis Indira; Ni Made Dwi Puspawati; Anak Agung Gede Kresna Naria Putra
WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) Vol 11 No 1 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Warmadewa University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/wmj.11.1.13669.54-62

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a major global health burden, with micronutrient deficiency being a frequent complication that worsens disease progression. Deficiencies in vitamins A, D, E, and zinc have been linked to impaired immune responses, increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections, and poor treatment outcomes. This narrative review aims to explore the role of micronutrients, particularly vitamins A, D, E, and zinc, in the clinical course and management of HIV infection. A literature-based narrative review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Articles discussing the association between micronutrients and HIV progression, immune response, and treatment outcomes were synthesized. A total of 847 articles were initially identified; after screening and applying inclusion criteria, 42 articles were included in this review. Evidence shows that vitamin A influences mucosal immunity and reduces mother-to-child transmission; vitamin D modulates immune cell proliferation and autophagy; vitamin E acts as an antioxidant reducing oxidative stress; and zinc supports T-cell function and reduces opportunistic infections. Vitamin D supplementation significantly increased serum 25(OH)D levels (p<0.0001) but did not significantly alter CD4 counts or viral load in clinical trials. Overall, supplementation outcomes remain inconsistent. While multiple micronutrient supplementation may improve immune markers, its impact on mortality and viral load reduction is still inconclusive. Micronutrient deficiency is common among HIV patients and negatively affects disease progression. Although supplementation may improve nutritional and immunological status, robust evidence regarding long-term survival and virological outcomes is lacking. Further high-quality studies are required to establish clear recommendations.

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