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Global Medical and Health Communication

gmhc
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Published by Universitas Islam Bandung

ISSN : 23019123 EISSN : 24605441 DOI : https://doi.org/10.29313/gmhc

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Nursing Public Health

Global Medical and Health Communication is a journal that publishes research articles on medical and health published every 4 (four) months (April, August, and December). Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. Subjects suitable for publication include but are not limited to the following fields of anesthesiology and intensive care, biochemistry, biomolecular, cardiovascular, child health, dentistry, dermatology and venerology, endocrinology, environmental health, epidemiology, geriatric, hematology, histology, histopathology, immunology, internal medicine, nursing sciences, midwifery, nutrition, nutrition and metabolism, obstetrics and gynecology, occupational health, oncology, ophthalmology, oral biology, orthopedics and traumatology, otorhinolaryngology, pharmacology, pharmacy, preventive medicine, public health, pulmonology, radiology, and reproductive health.

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi

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Gambaran Indeks Kepuasan Masyarakat di Puskesmas Tegal Angus pada Era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Yusnita Yusnita; Dini Widianti
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Puskesmas sebagai salah satu badan layanan publik perlu menyusun indeks kepuasan masyarakat sebagai tolok ukur untuk menilai tingkat kualitas pelayanan. Perubahan puskesmas pada era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) menyangkut peran sebagai gate keeper untuk mengendalikan rujukan berjenjang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat indeks kepuasan masyarakat (IKM), deskripsi unsur-unsur IKM, dan unsur yang memengaruhi kepuasan pada pelayanan Puskesmas Tegal Angus pada era JKN. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian survei masyarakat. Penelitian dilakukan di Puskesmas Tegal Angus, Kecamatan Teluk Naga, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten selama bulan Mei–Agustus 2016. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi potong lintang dengan responden adalah pasien yang telah mendapatkan pelayanan di puskesmas. Kuesioner yang digunakan adalah kuesioner indeks kepuasan masyarakat sesuai KepmenPAN RI Nomor: KEP/25/M.PAN/2/2004. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan IKM di Puskesmas Tegal Angus bernilai 63,5 yang termasuk kategori baik. Unsur pelayanan yang menyusun IKM sebagian besar masuk kategori baik. Unsur pelayanan yang masuk kategori kurang baik adalah kedisiplinan petugas pelayanan, kepastian jadwal dan biaya pelayanan, serta kecepatan pelayanan. Hasil peneltian ini dapat menjadi bahan penilaian terhadap unsur pelayanan yang masih perlu perbaikan dan menjadi pendorong setiap puskesmas untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanannya.PUSKESMAS TEGAS ANGUS COMMUNITY SATISFACTION INDEX IN THE NATIONAL HEALTH COVERAGE ERAPuskesmas as one of public health services should measure community satisfaction index (IKM) to ensure the qualtity of service. The role as gate keeper especially for referral system in National Health Coverage (JKN) is very challenging. The is research aim to understand level of community satisfaction index (IKM), describe indicators in satisfaction index and discover which indicator need to be increased. This is a survey study using cross sectional method. This study was held in Puskesmas Tegal Angus, Kecamatan Teluk Naga, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten on May to August 2016. Community satisfaction index questionnaires based on KepmenPAN RI Nomor: KEP/25/M.PAN/2/2004 was used. The results showed that community satisfaction index of Puskesmas Tegal Angus categorized as having good quality of service with score of 63,5. However, there were four indicators that still need to be improved: discipline, accuracy of schedule adjustable expense, and speed of services. Community satisfaction index can be used as an assessment tools to improve the quality of service in public health center.

Indeks Massa Ventrikel Kiri dengan Disfungsi Diastole pada Pasien Konsentrik Penyakit Jantung Hipertensi Chaerul Achmad; Erwan Martanto; Toni Mustahsani Aprami; Augustine Purnomowati; R. Reni Farenia Soedjana Ningrat; Mega Febrianora
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Hipertrofi ventrikel kiri ditunjukkan secara objektif dengan peningkatan indeks massa ventrikel kiri (IMVK). Peningkatan massa ventrikel kiri dan dilatasi jantung ruang adalah parameter untuk penyakit jantung hipertensi (PJH). Remodeling jantung ini mengubah fungsi jantung yang mengakibatkan disfungsi diastolik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan korelasi antara IMVK dan disfungsi diastolik pada pasien PJH konsentrik. Terdapat 49 pasien PJH konsentrik. Dari 49 pasien, 43 pasien dilibatkan, 15 laki-laki (35%) dan 28 perempuan (65%) memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Penelitian dilakukan di Cardiac Centre RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode 1 Oktober 2014–15 February 2015. Pemeriksaan tinggi dan berat badan menggunakan alat SMIC ZT 120. Pemeriksaan ekokardiografi standar dilakukan dan fungsi diastolik dinilai dengan pemeriksaan E/e' menggunakan mesin ekokardiografi Vivid 7. Usia rata-rata subjek adalah 56,56 tahun dan indeks massa tubuh rata-rata adalah 25,96 kg/m2. Tekanan darah sistole rata-rata 145,51 (SD 21,969) mmHg dan diastole rata-rata 85,13 (SD 10,227) mmHg. Frekuensi denyut jantung rata-rata 74,07 kali/menit. Fraksi ejeksi rata-rata 73,02. Obat yang secara teratur diminum oleh subjek angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor pada 17 orang (40%), calcium channel blocker 19 orang (44%), beta-blocker 15 orang (35%), angiotensin II reseptor blocker 9 orang (21%), dan diuretik 4 orang (9%). Nilai IMVK rata-rata 130,36 (SD 21,077) g/m2. Nilai E/e' rata-rata 10,56 (SD 2,761). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara IMVK dan derajat disfungsi diastolik (p=0,73). Data IMVK dan derajat tingkat disfungsi diastolik terdistribusi normal. Simpulan, tidak terdapat hubungan antara IMVK dan disfungsi diastolik pada pasien PJH jenis konsentrik.LEFT VENTICULAR MASS INDEX WITH DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION IN HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE PATIENTSLeft ventricular hypertrophy was shown with increased left ventricular mass index (LVMI). Increased left ventricular mass and cardiac chamber dilatation are parameters for hypertensive heart disease (HHD). This cardiac remodeling causes changes in heart function resulting in diastolic dysfunction. This study aimed to find the correlation between LVMI and diastolic dysfunction in patients with concentric HHD. We enrolled 49 patients with concentric HHD in Cardiac Centre RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung during 1 October 2014 to 15 February 2015, whom 43 met the inclusion criteria, 15 males (35%) and 28 females (65%). The subjects of study height and weight measured using SMIC tool ZT 120. The standard echocardiography examination was performed and diastolic function was assessed by examination of the E/e' using echocardiography machine Vivid 7. The average age of the subjects was 56.56 years with body mass index of 25.96 kg/m2. The average of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were 145.51 (SD 21.969) and 85.13 (SD 10.227) mmHg respectivelly. The average frequency of heart beats was 74.07 bpm and average ejection fraction was 73.02. Drugs regularly consumed by subjects according to the percentage were: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor {17 (40%)}, calcium channel blocker {19 (44%)}, beta-blocker {15 (35%)}, angiotensin II receptor blocker {9 (21%)}, and diuretics {4 (9%)}. The average value of LVMI was 130.36 (SD 21.077) g/m2 and the average value of E/e' was 10.56 (SD 2.761). The result show that there was no significant correlation between LVMI and the degree of diastolic dysfunction (p=0.73). The data LVMI and the degree of diastolic dysfunction levels were normally distributed. In conclusion, there is no correlation between LVMI and diastolic dysfunction in patients with HHD concentric type.

Hubungan Self Assessment-Peer Assessment dengan Nilai Kelulusan OSCE Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Unisba Santun Bhekti Rahimah; Mia Kusmiati; Ermina Widyastuti
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) adalah cara penilaian kompetensi klinik mahasiswa secara komprehensif dan konsisten serta dapat dijadikan media untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar. Feedback dapat dilakukan oleh mahasiswa itu sendiri (self assessment) maupun mahasiswa lain yang satu level (peer assessment). Self dan peer assessment diharapkan akan meningkatkan kemampuan mahasiswa dalam melihat tujuan pembelajaran, meningkatkan rasa percaya diri, kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan bertindak tepat dalam menghadapi ujian. Tujuan penelitian ini melihat hubungan self assessment dan peer assessment dengan nilai kelulusan OSCE mahasiswa tingkat dua dan empat FK Unisba tahun akademik 2012/2013. Nilai hasil ujian OSCE yang dipergunakan adalah pada periode Desember 2012–Juni 2013. Self dan peer assessment dilaksanakan setelah ujian OSCE. Self assessment dilakukan oleh mahasiswa itu sendiri, sedangkan peer assessment didapatkan dari lima orang mahasiswa lain yang pernah berada dalam satu kelompok dengan subjek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan untuk mahasiswa tingkat dua terdapat korelasi bermakna self assessment dan peer assessment dengan nilai OSCE (p<0,001), arah hubungan antara keduanya positif, serta kekuatan hubungan keduanya sedang (R=0,426). Pada mahasiswa tingkat empat terdapat korelasi bermakna antara self assessment dan nilai OSCE (p<0,001) dengan kekuatan hubungan keduanya sedang (R=0,451), serta terdapat korelasi yang bermakna antara penilaian peer assessment dan nilai OSCE. Simpulan, self assessment mempunyai korelasi positif terhadap nilai kelulusan OSCE pada mahasiswa tingkat dua dan tingkat empat, sedangkan peer assessment mempunyai korelasi positif dengan nilai kelulusan OSCE hanya pada mahasiswa tingkat dua. Self assessment mempunyai korelasi positif dengan peer assessment pada mahasiswa tingkat dua dan tingkat empat FK Unisba tahun akademik 2012/2013.RELATION BETWEEN SELF ASSESSMENT-PEER ASSESSMENT AND OSCE'S RESULTS FROM MEDICAL STUDENTS OF UNISBAObjective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is a tools to assess students clinical competency comprehensively and consistently. It can also used as medium to improve the learning process. Feedback for student performance can be done trough self-assessment or peer assessment done by other students. Self and peer assessment are expected to enhance the ability of students to see the purpose of learning, improve self-confidence, the ability to think critically and act right in an examination. The aim of this study was to find the relationship between self assessment and peer assessment of the OSCE final mark of second and fourth grade student at Medical Faculty, Bandung Islamic University academic year 2012/2013. The OSCE mark used were taken from December 2012–June 2013, while the self and peer assessment carried out after the OSCE finished. Self assessment were done by students themselves, while peer assessment obtained from five persons which have been in one group with subject. Results showed that for second grade student showed there was significant correlation between self-assessment and peer assessment and OSCE's mark value (p<0.001) with the direction of the relationship was positive and had moderate strength (R=0.426). Fourth grade students showed significant correlation only between self-assessment and OSCE's mark value (p<0.001) with moderate strength (R=0.451). There was no significant relation between the assessment of peer assessment and OSCE's mark value. In clonclusion, self assessment correlated positively to OSCE's mark value for second and fourth grade students. Peer assessment correlated positively to the passing scores for second grade student. Self assessment had a positive correlation to peer assessment for second and fourth grade medical students.

Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin D terhadap Gambaran Foto Toraks pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Beretnis Batak Debby Mirani Lubis; Yahwardiah Siregar; Bintang Y.M. Sinaga; Seri Rayani Bangun
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit menular yang sampai sekarang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dunia. Vitamin D dapat berperan melawan bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis melalui mekanisme cathelicidin intraseluler. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian vitamin D terhadap perbaikan foto toraks pada pasien TB paru beretnis Batak. Sebanyak 42 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi diambil dari beberapa puskesmas di Kota Medan dan Kabupaten Deli Serdang selama bulan Januari–Juni 2016. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan desain eksperimental murni tersamar tunggal (single-blind randomized controlled trial). Pasien dibagi secara acak menjadi kelompok vitamin D dan kelompok plasebo. Kelompok vitamin D diberikan tablet vitamin D oral 100.000 IU (2,5 mg) sebanyak 4 kali pemberian (minggu ke-0, 2, 4, 6). Kedua kelompok diperiksa kadar vitamin D dan foto toraks sebelum dan sesudah pengobatan selama 8 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok dengan pemberian vitamin D menunjukkan kenaikan kadar vitamin D secara signifikan (p=0,00) dibanding dengan kelompok yang diberi plasebo (0,26). Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna pada perbaikan foto toraks (p=0,06) antara kelompok vitamin D dan plasebo, tetapi jumlah subjek yang mengalami perbaikan foto zona paru pada kelompok vitamin D lebih banyak dibanding dengan kelompok plasebo (2:1). Simpulan, pemberian vitamin D tidak memengaruhi perbaikan foto toraks pada pasien TB paru beretnis Batak.THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN D ON CHEST X-RAY PROFILE IN BATAK ETHNICITY PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTSTuberculosis is an infectious disease that is still a global health problem. Vitamin D may play a role in fighting the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis through the mechanism of intracellular cathelicidin. This study aimed to determine the effect of vitamin D on the improvement of chest x-ray in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis from Batak ethnicity. As much as 42 patients who met the inclusion criteria taken from several clinics in Medan City and Deli Serdang District in January to June 2016. This is a analytical study using single-blind randomized controlled trial design. Patients divided into groups of vitamin D and placebo groups. Vitamin D group was given vitamin D tablet 100,000 IU (2.5 mg) orally 4 times (0, 2, 4, 6 weeks). Levels of vitamin D and chest x-ray before and after 8 weeks of treatment were examined. The results showed that group with vitamin D levels increased significantly (p=0.00) compared to the placebo group (0.26). There was no significant difference in the improvement of thoracic images (p=0.06) between group with vitamin D and placebo groups. However, the number of subjects who experienced improvement of lung zone images in the vitamin D group more than the placebo group (2:1). In conclusion, vitamin D does not affect the improvement of chest x-ray in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis from Batak ethnicity.

Deteksi Disfungsi Endotel pada Gangguan Depresi Mayor dengan Pengukuran Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilatation Arlisa Wulandari; Augustine Purnomowati; Tuti Wahmurti
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Gangguan depresi mayor ialah salah satu gangguan jiwa yang mengganggu fungsi kehidupan dan sebagai salah satu penyebab terbesar disabilitas di seluruh dunia termasuk masalah kesehatan masyarakat, baik dalam segi sosial, ekonomi, maupun klinis. Depresi memicu disfungsi endotel yang merupakan proses awal gangguan kardiovaskular dan menjadi faktor risiko independen penyakit jantung koroner. Deteksi disfungsi endotel pada pasien gangguan depresi mayor diharapkan dapat menunjang penatalaksanaan yang komprehensif dan menurunkan risiko gangguan kardiovaskular. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui disfungsi endotel pada gangguan depresi mayor dengan mengukur endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD). Penelitian ini adalah bagian dari penelitian gangguan depresi mayor periode Maret 2015–Maret 2016. Gangguan depresi mayor ditentukan menggunakan Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorder (SCID-I) dan Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 item (HDRS-17). Usia dan jenis kelamin subjek disesuaikan, kriteria inklusi penelitian adalah pasien memenuhi kriteria gangguan depresi mayor SCID-I, skor HDRS-17 ≥19, tekanan darah, indeks massa tubuh, profil lipid dan kadar gula darah dalam batas normal, serta tidak sedang menderita atau mempunyai riwayat penyakit kardiovaskular. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pemeriksaan terhadap 15 pasien dari RS Dustira dan RS Salamun yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan 15 partisipan sehat. Deteksi disfungsi endotel noninvasif digunakan alat ultrasonografi resolusi tinggi pada arteri brakialis (FMD) yang menggambarkan fungsi vasodilatasi yang endotel-dependen. Pemeriksaan FMD dilakukan di Instalasi Pelayanan Jantung RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung menggunakan alat ekokardiografi merek General Electric tipe Vivid 7 dan dinilai berdasar atas skoring yang berlaku. Nilai FMD pasien gangguan depresi mayor abnormal pada 11 dari 15 pasien. Nilai abnormal pada skoring FMD menunjukkan gangguan respons vasodilatasi pada pasien gangguan depresi mayor yang menggambarkan disfungsi endotel. Simpulan, FMD dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pemeriksaan fungsi endotel yang noninvasif untuk deteksi dini proses awal gangguan fungsi pembuluh darah.ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION DETECTION IN MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER USING ENDOTHELIAL-DEPENDENT FLOW-MEDIATED VASODILATATION ASSESSMENTMajor depressive disorder is a mental disorder that reduce people’s functioned, is the leading cause of disability worldwide and a significant contributor to the global burden of disease. The global burden of depression poses a substantial public health challenge at the social, economic and clinical level. Depressive symptoms may influence the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases by fostering endothelial dysfunction. Depressive symptoms of sufﬁcient severity can serve as independent risk factors for ischemic heart disease. Early detection of endothelial dysfunction will decrease the risk of cardiovascular disorders in major depressive disorder cases. The aim of this study was to detect endothelial dysfunction in major depressive disorder’s patient using endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD). This study was part of a study held from March 2015 to March 2016. Assessment of major depressive disorder was measured using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorder (SCID-I) and 17 item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. After controlling for age, sex, mean arterial pressure, body mass index, lipid profile, blood glucose and cardiovascular diseases, 15 patients from RS Dustira and RS Salamun, and 15 healthy participants were assessed. The patients were met the major depressive disorder criteria using SCID-I, had 17 item HDRS score ≥19, and had no diagnosis of other psychiatric disorder. Participants were measured noninvasively by brachial artery endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) to examine the impact of mood states on endothelial function. FMD was carried out using echocardiography (General Electric, Vivid 7) at Instalasi Pelayanan Jantung RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. The FMD score in major depressive disorder patients were abnormal in 11 out of 15. Abnormal score in the majority of patients represent impairment of the endothelial-dependent vasodilation and sign of an endothelial dysfunction. In conclusion, FMD could be used as a noninvasive endothelial dysfunction assessment, an early detection of vascular diseases in major depressive disorder.

Pengaruh Latihan Interval Intensitas Tinggi terhadap Denyut Nadi Mahasiswa Kedokteran Raden Ayu Tanzila; Milla Fadliya Bustan
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Riset dasar kesehatan (2007) menyatakan bahwa 48,2% penduduk Indonesia yang berusia lebih dari 10 tahun kurang melakukan aktivitas fisik dengan kelompok perempuan lebih tinggi daripada laki-laki. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang menggunakan program student centered untuk mahasiswanya yang menyebabkan kesibukan belajar yang sangat padat sehingga mahasiswa kurang melakukan aktivitas fisik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh latihan interval intensitas tinggi terhadap denyut nadi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang selama periode November 2015–Februari 2016. Latihan interval intensitas tinggi ialah bentuk latihan kombinasi latihan intensitas tinggi dengan intensitas sedang atau rendah dalam selang waktu tertentu dengan efek sama dengan latihan intensitas sedang, namun tidak memerlukan waktu yang banyak. Data didapatkan dari pengukuran denyut nadi secara langsung sebelum dan setelah melakukan latihan interval intensitas tinggi pada 60 mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data diolah menggunakan uji T-dependent dan uji normalitas Shapirowilk. Didapatkan denyut nadi subjek meningkat setelah latihan interval intensitas tinggi. Denyut nadi rata-rata sebelum latihan 85,33±10,993 dan setelah latihan 152±8,975. Selanjutnya, dengan uji T-dependent didapatkan p=0,000. Simpulan, terdapat pengaruh latihan interval intensitas tinggi terhadap denyut nadi pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang.EFFECT OF HIGH INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING ON PULSE RATE IN MEDICAL STUDENTSIndonesia basic health research (2007) states that 48.2% of the Indonesian population aged over 10 years have less physical activity with women having less than men. Faculty of Medicine University Muhammadiyah Palembang used student centered learning which required long learning hours that can cause students to have less time for physical exercise. This study aims to determine the effects of high intensity interval training to pulse rate on students of Faculty of Medicine University Muhammadiyah Palembang. Data collected during November 2015 to February 2016. High intensity interval training is a form of exercise that combine high-intensity exercise with moderate or low intensity in a certain time interval. It has the same effect with moderate intensity exercise. However, it does not require a lot of time. The data was obtained from pulse rate measurement directly before and after high intensity interval training to 60 students. The data was processed using T-dependent test and Shapiro Wilk normality test. The mean of pulse rate before and after the high intensity interval training was 85.33±10.993 and 152±8.975 (p=0.000) respectively. Therefore, there was clearly an increase of pulse rate after high intensity interval training. In conclusion, there was the effect of high intensity interval training to pulse rate on students at Faculty of Medicine of University of Muhammadiyah Palembang.

Efek Konsumsi Air Kelapa (Cocos nucifera) terhadap Ketahanan Berolahraga Selama Latihan Lari pada Laki-laki Dewasa Bukan Atlet Fen Tih Fen Tih; Harijadi Pramono; Stella Tinia Hasianna; Ersalina Tresnawati Naryanto; Albertus Gani Haryono; Oliver Rachman
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Ketahanan berolahraga menunjang latihan fisik yang optimal untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan dan kebugaran jasmani. Penurunan kapasitas ketahanan olahraga disebabkan oleh dehidrasi dan penurunan karbohidrat dalam otot selama melakukan latihan. Air kelapa berpotensi sebagai minuman olahraga karena memiliki derajat keasaman yang rendah, gula seimbang, kandungan mineral, dan bersifat isotonis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efek konsumsi air kelapa terhadap ketahanan dan kebugaran berolahraga diukur dari jarak tempuh dan VO2max selama latihan lari. Penelitian dilakukan di Lapangan FPOK UPI Bandung periode Juli 2015–Februari 2016. Bahan penelitian yang digunakan adalah air kelapa dalam kemasan. Air mineral, air gula 5%, dan minuman olahraga isotonik yang digunakan sebagai pembanding. Subjek penelitian adalah 120 orang laki-laki, berusia 18–23 tahun yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok untuk tiap-tiap bahan uji. Setelah pemanasan, subjek berlari secepatnya selama 30 menit. Bahan uji diberikan sebelum dan setiap 10 menit selama lari. Jarak yang ditempuh dicatat dalam satuan meter. Analisis dengan one-way ANOVA yang dilanjutkan dengan uji least significant difference (LSD) dengan α<0,05. Jarak tempuh terpanjang rata-rata dan VO2max tertinggi didapatkan pada kelompok perlakuan air kelapa, diikuti kelompok air gula 5%, minuman olahraga isotonik, dan air mineral (p<0,01). Simpulan, konsumsi air kelapa sebelum dan selama latihan olahraga lari dapat meningkatkan ketahanan olahraga pada laki-laki dewasa bukan atlet.THE EFFECTS OF COCONUT WATER (COCOS NUCIFERA) CONSUMPTION TOWARDS ENDURANCE DURING RUNNING EXERCISE ON NON-ATHLETE ADULT MALEThe endurance in exercising supports optimal physical training to improve physical health and fitness. Two major factors in decreasing sport endurance are dehydration and loss of carbohydrates in muscle during exercise. Coconut water is a potential sports drink because it has low acidity, sugars, minerals content and is isotonic. This research aims to know the effects of coconut water consumption towards endurance and fitness measured from VO2max and mileage during running exercise. The study was conducted in FPOK UPI Bandung during July 2015 to February 2016. Research material used was coconut water, mineral water, 5% sugar water, and isotonic sports drink. The subjects were 120 men, aged 18–23 years old, divided into 4 groups for each of the test material. After warming up, the subjects ran quickly for 30 minutes. Test materials were given before and every 10 minutes during the run. Distance traveled was recorded in units of meters. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA test followed by the least significant difference (LSD) test with α<0.05. The longest distance and highest VO2max were obtained by the group treated with coconut water, followed by 5% sugar water, isotonic sports drinks, and mineral waters (p<0.01). In conclusion, coconut water consumption before and during exercise can improve sports endurance on non-athlete adult male.

Asimetri Supply dan Demand dalam Pemenuhan serta Pemerataan Dokter di Puskesmas di Jawa Barat Elsa Pudji Setiawati; Nita Arisanti; Insi Farisa Desy Arya; Lukman Hilfi; Sekar Ayu Paramita
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Pada implementasi Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN), masyarakat yang membutuhkan pelayanan kesehatan harus ditangani di pelayanan kesehatan primer terlebih dahulu. Puskesmas merupakan bentuk pelayanan kesehatan primer yang dituntut memberikan pelayanan kesehatan berkualitas dan prima. Sumber daya manusia (SDM)adalah faktor penting dalam pencapaian kinerja. Manajemen SDM membahas ketersediaan SDM sesuai dengan kualifikasi, kompetensi, dan motivasi. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis kesenjangan antara kebutuhan dan ketersediaan dokter di pelayanan kesehatan primer. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif untuk menjelaskan kesenjangan kebutuhan dokter ditinjau dari standar dokter dengan jumlah penduduk, ketersediaan dokter dan puskesmas terhadap jumlah penduduk, serta minat dokter bekerja di puskesmas pada era implementasi JKN. Penelitian dilakukan di Kota Bandung pada April−Mei 2015. Hasil kajian menyatakan terdapat kesenjangan antara kebutuhan dokter di puskesmas dan dokter yang berminat bekerja di puskesmas. Penyebab minat dokter yang bekerja di layanan primer rendah disebabkan oleh ketidakjelasan pengembangan profesionalisme; ketidakpuasan pembayaran sistem kapitasi; lingkungan kerja kurang menyenangkan; beban kerja yang tinggi; pendapatan berdasar atas jasa medis yang diterima rendah; dan proses pendidikan yang kurang membangun minat untuk bekerja di layanan primer. Simpulan, terdapat kesenjangan kebutuhan dokter di puskesmas dengan dokter yang berminat bekerja di puskesmas. Disarankan memperbanyak program pada masa pendidikan kedokteran yang dapat membangun minat bekerja di layanan primer.ASYMETRI OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND FOR DISTRIBUTION OF MEDICAL DOCTOR IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN WEST JAVAThe implementation of the National Health Insurance required people who need health services to be treated first in primary health care (PHC). PHC required quality health services and one of the important factor was human resources. Human resources management was needed to ensure the adequacy of human resources both in quantity and quality, the availability of appropriate qualification, competence and motivation to work in an organizational unit. The objective of this study was to analyze the gap between supply and demand of the doctors working in PHC. This study was a case report using descriptive methods, to explain the gap between supply and demand of the doctors in term of the standard for population, availability the doctors and PHC. The study was conducted in Bandung City during April−May 2015. The study found that there was a gap between the supply and demand of doctors who were interested to work in PHC. The reason of low interest doctors working in PHC among others were, uncertain professional development; dissatisfaction on capitation payment system; less convenient work environment; the high workload and too many government programs; low income based on medical services cost; and the process of education in medical school were delivered to make less interest to work in PHC. In conclusion, there is gap between supply and demand of doctor to work in PHC. The recommendation is encouraging interaction between the medical students with the primary care services to build the medical student’s motivation.

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) Related Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Haplotype Sharing among Southern East Asian Population Rika Yuliwulandari; Katsushi Tokunaga
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

The human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) play important roles in the immune systems to response to various pathogens and disease among individuals. The aim of this study was analyze the HLA allele and haplotype frequencies of Southern East Asian population that show high incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) to evaluate the shared HLA haplotype contribution to NPC susceptibility among the population and analyses the genetic affinities between the population. We collect information of HLA haplotype from our previous study, other published paper, and HLA database in 19 population during 2005 to 2015. Haplotype frequencies were estimated using the maximum likelihood method based on an expectation maximization algorithm with ARLEQUIN v.2.0 software. We also calculated the genetic distance among 19 Southern East Asians based on HLA allele frequency using modified Cavalli-Sforza (DA) distance method. Then, a phylogenetic tree was constructed using DISPAN software and principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using XLSTAT-PRO software. A33-B58-DR3 haplotype, tightly linked to NPC, was commonly observed in all populations, supporting the high incidence of NPC in the populations. In addition, A2-B46 haplotype also associated with NPC, was also commonly found in several population that may also have a role in the disease development. The conclusion is the HLA haplotype sharing has an important role than the HLA allele sharing. The A33-B58-DR3 haplotype and A2-B46-DR9 haplotype in this study could be related to NPC in the Southern East Asian populations. The observed haplotype needs to be tested in the real patients to confirm the assumptionPENYEBARAN HAPLOTIPE HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN (HLA) TERKAIT NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA (NPC) PADA POPULASI ASIA TIMUR BAGIAN SELATANHuman leukocyte antigens (HLAs) berperan penting dalam sistem imun untuk merespons berbagai patogen dan penyakit di antara individu yang berbeda. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis frekuensi alel dan haplotipe HLA populasi Southern East Asia yang menunjukkan insidensi yang tinggi terhadap nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) untuk mengevaluasi kerentanan NPC bagi individu. Informasi haplotipe HLA dikumpulkan dari studi sebelumnya, publikasi jurnal internasional, dan database HLA pada 19 populasi dalam periode tahun 2005–2015. Frekuensi haplotipe dihitung menggunakan metode maximum likelihood berdasarkan expectation maximization algorithm menggunakan piranti lunak ARLEQUIN v.2.0. Jarak genetik di antara 19 populasi Southern East Asians dihitung menggunakan metode modified Cavalli-Sforza (DA) distance. Kemudian, pohon filogenetik dikonstruksi dengan metode neighbor-joining (NJ) menggunakan piranti lunak DISPAN. Principal component analysis (PCA) dilakukan menggunakan piranti lunak XLSTAT-PRO. Haplotipe A33-B58-DR3 terkait erat dengan NPC yang biasa terlihat di semua populasi mendukung tingginya insidensi penyakit dalam populasi. Selain itu, haplotipe A2-B46 juga terkait dengan NPC yang juga ditemukan pada beberapa populasi sehingga kemungkinan memiliki peran dalam perkembangan penyakit. Pada kasus NPC, haplotipe HLA lebih berperan dibanding dengan alel HLA. Haplotipe A33-B58-DR3 dan haplotipe A2-B46-DR9 yang ditemukan terkait dengan NPC pada populasi Southern East Asia. Haplotipe yang diamati tersebut perlu diuji pada pasien nyata untuk mengonfirmasi simpulan.

Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah Akibat Pemberian Ekstrak Manggis (Garcinia mangostana) dan Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) pada Tikus Diabetes Yusni Yusni; Ieva Baniasih Akbar; Rezania Rezania; Raipati Fahlevi
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Masyarakat percaya bahwa kulit manggis dan tomat dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah dan bermanfaat sebagai antidiabetes, namun hal ini perlu diuji untuk menemukan bukti ilmiahnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis efek penurunan kadar gula darah akibat pemberian kombinasi ekstrak kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana) dengan tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar diabetes. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan pretest-posttest with control group design. Ekstrak manggis dan tomat dibuat di Laboratorium Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, sedangkan pemberian perlakuan dan pemeriksaan kadar gula darah dilakukan di Laboratorium Hewan Coba, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh. Waktu penelitian bulan September–November 2015. Subjek penelitian adalah tikus putih jantan galur Wistar sebanyak 30 ekor. Tikus dibagi dalam 3 kelompok secara acak dengan tiap kelompok 10 ekor: kelompok 1 (K1) adalah tikus yang tidak diinduksi aloksan dan tidak diberikan perlakuan (kontrol negatif), kelompok 2 (K2) adalah tikus yang diinduksi aloksan dan tidak diberikan perlakuan (kontrol positif), dan kelompok 3 (K3) adalah tikus yang diinduksi aloksan dan diberikan perlakuan. Perlakuan berupa pemberian ekstrak kulit manggis dan tomat 50 mg/kgBB/hari masing-masing selama 7 hari. Pemeriksaan kadar gula darah (KGD) dilakukan sebelum dan setelah pemberian perlakuan menggunakan glukometer (NESCO®). Analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas, homogenitas, dan uji ANOVA (p<0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan KGD setelah perlakuan pada kelompok perlakuan mengalami penurunan secara bermakna (K1: 98,10±14,91 vs 92,50±13,97; K2: 237,10±30,31 vs 330,10±63,70; K3: 277,80±74,02 vs 105,10±15,89: p=0,00). Simpulan, pemberian kombinasi ekstrak kulit manggis dan tomat dosis 50 mg/kgBB/hari masing-masing menurunkan kadar glukosa darah tikus diabetes. Ekstrak kulit manggis dan tomat berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai obat antidiabetes.BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS REDUCTION BY MANGOSTEEN (GARCINIA MANGOSTANA) AND TOMATO (LYCOPERSICUM ESCULENTUM MILL) IN DIABETIC RATSThe people believe that the mangosteen and tomatoes can reduce blood sugar levels and useful as antidiabetic however, this statement still needs to be tested scientifically. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of a decrease in blood sugar levels due to the effect of the combination of mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana) and tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) in rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar. This type of research using a pretest-posttest control group design. The subjects were male Wistar rats with a number of subjects as many as 30 individuals. Rats were divided into 3 groups randomly with each groups of 10 rats: group 1 (K1) were rats that was not induced alloxan and not given treatment (negative control), group 2 (K2) were rats induced alloxan and given no treatment (positive control), and group 3 (K3) were rats induced alloxan and also given treatment. Provision of treatment in the form of mangosteen peel and tomato extract with each dose of 50 mg/kgBW/day and given for 7 days. Blood sampling for checking blood sugar levels is performed before and after treatment. blood sugar levels examination carried out using a glucometer (NESCO®). Analysis of data using normality, homogeneity, and ANOVA tests (p<0.05). The results showed that the blood sugar levels after administration of a combination of mangosteen peel and tomato extract in the treatment group experienced a significant reduction (K1: 98.10±14.91 vs 92.50±13.97; K2: 237.10±30.31 vs 330.10±63.70; K3: 277.80±74.02 vs 105.10±15.89: p=0.00). It can be concluded that the administration of a combination of mangosteen peel and tomato extract with each dose of 50 mg/kgBW/day can lower blood sugar levels in diabetic rats. This indicates that the mangosteen and tomatoes potential to be developed as an antidiabetic drug.

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Agus Chalid

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Agus Chalid

Contact Email gulid.p@gmail.com

Phone +6285220013654

Journal Mail Official gmhc.unisba@gmail.com

Editorial Address Jalan Hariangbanga No. 2, Tamansari, Bandung 40116

Location Kota bandung, Jawa barat INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
Agus Chalid

Contact Email
gulid.p@gmail.com

Phone
+6285220013654

Journal Mail Official
gmhc.unisba@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Jalan Hariangbanga No. 2, Tamansari, Bandung 40116

Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA