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Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 14118033     EISSN : 26140101     DOI : 10.18196/mm
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Mutiara Medika Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan (MMJKK) Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting medical sciences generated from basic sciences, clinical, and community or public health research to integrate researches in all aspects of human health.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 934 Documents
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Kepadatan Larva Aedes Aegypti di Daerah Endemis Demam Berdarah Desa dan Kota, Hubungannya dengan Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Masyarakat Tri Wulandari Kesetyaningsih; Haqiqi Mussiani Alislam; Fradita Eka
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v12i1.1001

Abstract

Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) adalah penyakit penting yang disebabkan oleh virus dan ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Kejadiannya cenderung meningkat setiap tahun dan lebih banyak di perkotaan. Perbedaan karakteristik masyarakat kota dan desa menyebabkan perbedaan perilaku terhadap program pencegahan, sehingga berdampak pada kepadatan larva yang menjadi indikator keberhasilan. Penelitian ini mengungkap hubungan pengetahuan dan perilaku masyarakat dengan kepadatan larva Aedes di kota dan desa. Penelitian bersifat noneksperimental di wilayah endemis DBD kota dan desa di DIY. Variabel bebas adalah pengetahuan dan perilaku masyarakat, variabel tergantung adalah CI (Container index) dan HI (House Index) . Observasi dilakukan terhadap kontainer terkontrol dan tidak terkontrol. Pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk menentukan spesies larva. Data pengetahuan dan perilaku masyarakat didapatkan dari kuesioner dan dinilai dari skor jawaban benar. Responden adalah pemilik rumah yang diperiksa. Hasil menunjukkan CI dan HI desa (20,00% dan 37,31%) CI dan HI kota (3,62% dan 3,62%). Ada perbedaan signifikan pengetahuan (p=0,002) dan perilaku (p=0,001) antara masyarakat desa dan kota dengan pengetahuan dan perilaku masyarakat kota lebih tinggi. Ada hubungan signifikan pengetahuan (p=0.00) dan perilaku (p=0,032) dengan kepadatan larva di desa, namun tidak signifikan di kota (pengetahuan p=0,065; perilaku p=0,067). Disimpulkan pengetahuan dan perilaku pencegahan DBD masyarakat kota lebih baik daripada desa. Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is an important disease that transmitted by Aedes aegypti. Incidence rate is tend to increase yearly and even more in urban areas. Differences between towns and villages community’s character impact to different behavior to face the prevention program, so have an impact on larval density. This research would like to reveal the relationship between knowledge and behavior with density larvae, comparing it between cities and villages. Research is nonexperimentally, locate in city (Wirobrajan) and village (Dusun Pepe) in DIY province. Independent variables are knowledge dan behavior score, while dependent variable are CI and HI. Observations to containers whether controlled or uncontrolled. Knowledge and behavior obtained from the questionnaire, calculate by scoring to correct. The respondent was the owner of the house who inspected their larvae. The results show that HI and CI in village (20.00%; 37,31%) is higher than city (2.62%;2.62%). There are significant differences knowledge (p = 0.002) and behavior (p = 0.001) between two communities. There is a significant relationship between knowledge (p = 0.00), behaviors (p = 0,032) and larval density in rural, but no significance in urban (knowledge p=0,065; behavior p=0,067). It was concluded that the knowledge and behavior of prevention of urban society might better than rural.
Hubungan antara Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Tekanan Intraokular pada Subyek Normotensif Gindah Ratu Priyasa Purnamasari; Ikhlas Muhammad Jenie
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9, No 2 (s) (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v9i2 (s).1611

Abstract

Recent people’s life style tends to be imbalance in input and output energy that results in obesity. Obesity is a risk factor of several diseases. Recently, obesity, as well as high blood pressure, is associated with glaucoma. The aim of this research is to know correlation between body mass index and intraocular pressure in normotensive people. This was an observational cross sectional study done to outpatient in Ophthalmology Polyclinic, Wonosobo District Hospital, along August - December 2008. Inclusion criteria were people aged between 30-55years old with normal blood pressure (systolic 139 mmHg, diastolic 89 mmHg). The exclusion criteria were people who had history of cardiovascular diseases, diagnosed of having glaucoma before, had contraindication to tonometry use, consumed drugs affecting cardiovascular system, and had family history of cardiovascular, kidney, liver, and lungs diseases. Body weight and body height were measured using weight and height scale (SMIC003), body mass index was calculated using formula, blood pressure was measured in lying position using sphygmomanometer (Spirit CK-101C) and stethoscope (3M Littmann Classic II SE) and intraocular pressure using tonometry Schiotz by an ophthalmologist. Data was analyzed using Pearson Correlation with p 0.05 as level of significance and One Way Anova. As many as 51 subjects joined the study. This study found moderate correlation between intraocular pressure and body mass index. Body weight as a component of body mass index has a borderline correlation with intraocular pressure. Besides, it showed that intraocular pressure in each underweight, normal, and overweight subjects simultaneously increase with increasing of body mass index. It is concluded that there is correlation between body mass index and intraocular pressure in normotensive subjects.Gaya hidup masyarakat modern yang cenderung tak seimbang dalam hal input dan output energi dapat menimbulkan obesitas. Baru-baru ini diketahui bahwa obesitas, sama halnya dengan tekanan darah tinggi, berhubungan dengan glaukoma. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional cross sectional yang dilakukan pada pasien rawat jalan di poli mata RSUD Wonosobo selama bulan Agustus-Desember 2008. Kriteria inklusi penelitian ini yaitu pasien yang berusia 30-55 tahun, bertekanan darah normal (tekanan sistolik 139 mmHg, dan tekanan diastolik 89 mmHg). Kriteria eksklusi penelitian ini yaitu pasien yang mempunyai riwayat penyakit kardiovaskular, terdiagnosis glaukoma sebelumnya, mempunyai kontraindikasi terhadap pemakaian tonometri, mengkonsumsi obat-obatan yang dapat mempengaruhi sistem kardiovaskular, dan memiliki riwayat keluarga berpenyakit kardiovaskular, ginjal, hati, dan paru-paru. Berat badan dan tinggi badan diukur dengan alat ukur berat dan tinggi badan (SMIC003), indeks massa tubuh dihitung berdasarkan rumus IMT = Berat Badan (kg)/ Tinggi Badan2 (m2), tekanan darah diukur pada posisi berbaring dengan sphygmomanometer (Spirit CK-101C) dan stethoscope (3M Littmann Classic II SE), serta tekanan intraokular diukur dengan tonometri Schiotz oleh seorang dokter spesialis mata. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Pearson Correlation dengan p 0.05 sebagai nilai signifikansi dan One Way Anova. Penelitian pada subyek sebanyak 51 orang ini mendapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat korelasi yang sedang antara indeks massa tubuh dengan tekanan intraokular. Selain itu, berat badan yang merupakan komponen dari indeks massa tubuh mempunyai korelasi yang rendah. Tekanan intraokular pada masing-masing kelompok underweight, normal, dan overweight meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan indeks massa tubuh (IMT). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat korelasi antara tekanan intraokular dengan indeks massa tubuh pada subyek normotensif.
Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan dan Status Pekerjaan terhadap Pemilihan Kosmetik Pencerah Kulit pada Wanita Rr. Nadya Anditia Sari; Siti Aminah Tri Susilo Estri
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v12i3.1045

Abstract

Jenis kosmetika yang banyak dipakai saat ini ialah kosmetika jenis pencerah kulit atau lightening cream. Pemilihan pemakaian kosmetik pencerah kulit membutuhkan pemikiran yang kritis sebelum menggunakannya karena efek sampingnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan dan status pekerjaan terhadap pemilihan produk pencerah kulit pada wanita. Penelitian merupakan penelitian non-eksperimental dengan pendekatan cross sectional di Desa Tamantirto, Dusun I Geblakan RW 01 RT 04 Tegalwangi Bantul. Sampel penelitian ini adalah wanita berusia 22-55 tahun yang sudah menikah yang ada atau menetap pada dusun tersebut sebanyak 32 orang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Analisis uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif lemah (r= -0,056) yang tidak signifikan dengan nilai p = 0,761 (p0,05) antara tingkat pendidikan dengan perilaku pemilihan produk pencerah kulit pada wanita, sedangkan uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif kuat (r = 0,460) yang signifikan dengan nilai p=0,008 (p0,05) antara status pekerjaan dengan perilaku pemilihan produk pencerah kulit pada wanita. Disimpulkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan seseorang tidak menentukan perilaku pemilihan produk pencerah kulit pada seseorang seutuhnya. Status pekerjaan seseorang menentukan perilaku pemiilihan produk pencerah kulit di mana wanita yang bekerja lebih banyak menggunakan produk pencerah kulit daripada wanita yang tidak bekerja. Types of cosmetics that is widely used today is kind of lightening cosmetics or skin lightening cream. The selection of skin lightening cosmetics usage requires critical thinking before using it because of its side effects. This study aims to determine the relationship between educational levels and occupational status of skin lightening product selection in women. This study is a non-experimental, cross sectional approach undertaken in the village of Tamantirto, Hamlet I Geblakan RW 01 RT 04, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Samples were taken from women aged 22-55 years who are married or who have settled in the hamlet of 32 people who meet the criteria for inclusion and exclusion. Spearman correlation test analyze showed that there was poor negative correlation (r= -0,056) which wasn’t significant with p value=0,761 (p0,05) between educational level and enlightenment skin cosmetic electoral behavior in women. While Spearman correlation test analyze showed that there was strong positive correlation (r= 0,460) which was significant with p value=0,008 (p0,05) between employment statues and enlightenment skin cosmetic electoral behavior in women. It was concluded that educational level of someone doesn’t determine enlightenment skin cosmetic electoral behavior in someone completely. Employment statues of someone determines enlightenment skin cosmetic electoral behavior where employed women uses skin lightening cosmetic more than unemployed women.
The Relationship between Anxiety and the Level of Joint Stiffness in Colles Fracture Patients Muhammad Ariffudin; Zainab Az Zahra
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 20, No 1 (2020): January
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mm.200138

Abstract

Colles fracture is 15% of the whole fracture incidents in adults, and joint stiffness is the most common complication. Anxiety is one of a variety of factors strongly associated with an increased risk of disability and pain intensity in patients with musculoskeletal disorders. This study aims to identify the relationship between anxiety and the level of joint stiffness in Colles fracture patients. This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. Data collection was carried out in the physiotherapy of PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital from March to October 2018 by interview using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. The result of the study with 13 respondents showed 9 people (69.2%) did not experience anxiety, one person (7.7%) experienced mild anxiety, one person (7.7%) was in moderate anxiety, and two others were in severe anxiety (15.4%). Meanwhile, in terms of the level of joint stiffness, three people (23.1%) were in mild stiffness, three people (23.1%) were in moderate stiffness, six people (46.2%) were in severe stiffness, and one person (7.7%) was in highly severe stiffness. Statistical test of the relationship between anxiety and the level of joint stiffness in patients with Colles fracture showed no significant correlation (p=0.808). It can be concluded that there was no relationship between anxiety and the level of joint stiffness in fracture patients.
Efek Antimikotik Minyak Mimba (Azadirachta indica) terhadap Dermatofita Siti Aminah Tri Susilo Estri; Inayati Habib; Suswardana Suswardana; Agnes Sri Siswati
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 6, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v6i2.1889

Abstract

Recently, natural substances have been much developed for antimycotic medicine, such as neem tree that can be found in Indonesia. Oilfrom the neem seed has been proved to have antimycotic effect on non-dermatophytic fungi. The aim of this research was to determine antimycotic effects of neem oil on T. mentagrophytes, E. floccusum and M. gypseum by means of dilution method.This research utilized a simple experimental method. One ml of water and 1 ml of casein yeast glucose were placed into 10 tubes. One ml of pure neem oil was introduced into tube I and the liquids were mixed. Afterwards, 1 ml of solution from tube I was added into tube II. One ml of the solution from tube II was then added into tube III, and so forth up to tube X. Subsequently, 1 ml of dermatophytic suspension (106 cell/ml) was introduced into each tube. The growth of dermatophyte colony was examined on day 5 to 7, after being incubated at room temperature.Results of this research showed that on day 5, T. mentagrophytes began to appear in tube IV (neem oil concentration of 3,12%), while E. floccusum and M. gypseum appeared in tube III (6,25%). On day 7, all colonies began to appear in tube II; therefore, the minimal inhibitory concentration was 12,5%). Neem oil started to have antimycotic effect on T. mentagrophytes, E. floccusum and M. gypseum at a concentration of 6,25%.Akhir-akhir ini banyak dikembangkan bahan alami sebagai antimikotik, antara lain pohon mimba yang banyak terdapat di Indonesia Minyak dari bij i mimba terbukti mempunyai efek antimikotik terhadap berbagai jamur non dermatofita. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek antimikotik minyak mimba terhadap T. mentagrophytes, E. floccusum dan M. gypseum dengan metode dilusi.Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental sederhana. Pada 10 tabung dimasukkan 1 ml aqua dan lml casein yeast glucose. Pada tabung I ditambahkan 1 ml minyak mimba murni dan dicampur. Pada tabung ke II ditambahkan 1 ml larutan dari tabung I, begitu seterusnya sampai tabung ke X. Selanjutnya pada masing-masing tabung ditambahkan 1 ml suspensi dermatofita 106 sel/ml. Pertumbuhan koloni dermatofita dinilai pada hari ke 5-7 setelah diinkubasi pada suhu kamar.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan koloni T. mentagrophytes pada hari ke-5 mulai tampak pada tabung ke-4 (konsentrasi 3,12%), koloni E. floccusum dan M. gypseum pada tabung ke-3 (konsentrasi 6,25%). Pada hari ke-7 semua koloni mulai tampak pada tabung ke-3, sehingga kadar hambat minimal pada konsentrasi 12,5%. Efek antimikotik minyak mimba terhadap T mentagrophytes, E. floccusum dan M. gypseum mulai tampak pada konsentrasi 6,25%.
Efek Profilaksis Perasan Daun Paederia foetida L. terhadap Ulkus Lambung Tikus Putih Terinduksi Etanol Fitra, Bayu Kurniawan; Makiyah, Sri Nabawiyati Nurul
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9, No 2 (s) (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v9i2 (s).1614

Abstract

Gastric ulcer is an ulcer which is caused by acid and pepsin which is happened because imbalance between aggressive and defensive factors. There is some causes of gastric ulcer, for the examples non steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), irritant factors, alcohol, foods and beverages and also helicobacter pylori. The purpose of this research is to prove prophylaxis effect of P. foetida L. leaves squeeze to gastric ulcer in the white rats which has been induced by ethanol. Research method which is used is laboratory experimental with post only control group research design. Thirty female Spraque Dawley white rats with 3 months in age and 145-250 grams in weight is divided into 6 groups (normal control, negative control, group with 2% squeeze, 4% squeeze, 8% squeeze and positive control). Sample grouping is done randomly. Ulcer induction with 1 ml of 80% ethanol is done after the rats given P foetida L. leaves squeeze for 3 days and fasted for 24 hours. Scoring the depth of the ulcer and distribution of inflammatory cells is done by microscopic observation according of Hadi, S (2002). Result of the depth of the ulcer is analyzed which kruskall-wallis and continued with mann whitney. Result of the distribution of inflammatory cells is analyzed which one way anova and continued with paired T-test. Statistic result shows depth in group of ulcer squeeze in leaves P. foetida L. 8% is less than from a group of negative control (p0,05). In the other groups of squeeze that 2% and 4%, shows that the depth of ulcer is less than a group of negative control too, although in statistic it was not significant (p0,05). In observation the spreading of inflammatory cell shows that group of leaves P. foetida L. squeeze 2%, 4% and 8% are less than group of negative control in the other hand in statistic was not significant (p0,05). The conclution is squeeze of leaves P. foetida L. 8 % has prophylaxis effect with gastric ulcer of white rats induced by ethanol.Ulkus lambung adalah ulkus yang disebabkan oleh asam dan pepsin, yang terjadi akibat ketidakseimbangan antara faktor agresif dan faktor defensif. Ada banyak penyebab tukak lambung, seperti obat anti inflamasi non steroid (OAINS), beberapa faktor iritan seperti, alkohol makanan dan minuman serta kuman Helycobacter pylori. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratorium dengan rancangan penelitian post only control group. Sebanyak 30 ekor tikus putih betina Spraque Dawley 3 bulan, dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok (kontrol tanpa perlakuan, kontrol negatif, perlakuan perasan 2%, 4%, 8% dan kontrol positif). Pengelompokkan sampel dilakukan secara acak. Tikus diberi perasan daun PfoetidaL. selama 3 hari dan dipuasakan selama 24 jam kemudian induksi ulkus menggunakan 1 ml etanol 80%. Penilaian kedalaman ulkus dan penyebaran sel radang dilakukan melalui pengamatan mikroskopis menurut Hadi, S. (2002). Hasil pengamatan kedalaman ulkus dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil pengamatan penyebaran sel radang dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan One Way Anova dilanjutkan dengan Paired T- Test. Hasil statistik menunjukkan kedalaman ulkus kelompok perasan daun P foetida L. 8% lebih rendah daripada kelompok kontrol negatif (p0,05). Pada kelompok perasan 2% dan 4%, juga menunjukkan kedalaman ulkus lebih rendah daripada kelompok kontrol negatif meskipun secara statistik tidak signifikan (p0,05). Pada pengamatan penyebaran sel radang menunjukkan kelompok perasan daun P. foetida L. 2%, 4% dan 8% lebih rendah daripada kelompok kontrol negatif meskipun secara statistik tidak signifikan (p0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perasan daun P. foetida L. 8% memiliki efek profilaksis terhadap ulkus lambung tikus putih terinduksi etanol.
Perbedaan Tingkat Endurance antara Pria Bertipe Kepribadian A dan Pria Bertipe Kepribadian B Bastian, Lutfia Putri; Mahanggoro, Tri Pitara
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v12i3.1048

Abstract

Endurance atau daya tahan menyatakan keadaan yang menekankan pada kapasitas kerja secara terus menerus. Diartikan sama dengan kebugaran jasmani yaitu kemampuan seseorang menyelesaikan tugas sehari-hari tanpa mengalami kelelahan yang berarti. Daya tahan kardiorespirasi merupakan faktor utama dalam kebugaran jasmani. Pengukuran daya tahan kardiorespirasi untuk kapasitas aerobik dapat dilakukan dengan cara mengukur konsumsi oksigen maksimal (VO2max) . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah terdapat perbedaan tingkat endurance antara pria bertipe kepribadian A dan pria bertipe kepribadian B. Penelitian menggunakan metode Astrand 6 minutes cycle test pada nilai VO2max dengan subyek sebanyak 60 pria yang terdiri dari 30 pria bertipe kepribadian A dan 30 pria bertipe kepribadian B. Data dianalisis menggunakan independent sample t test. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rerata nilai VO2max pada kelompok pria bertipe kepribadian A sebesar 31,8393 ± 2,14534 ml/ kg/ menit dan rerata nilai VO2max pada kelompok pria bertipe kepribadian B sebesar 36,3470 ± 3,15498 ml/ kg/ menit. Didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara pria bertipe kepribadian A dan pria bertipe kepribadian B (p=0,000). Disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan tingkat endurance antara pria bertipe kepribadian A dan pria bertipe kepribadian B. Pria bertipe kepribadian A memiliki tingkat endurance yang lebih rendah dibandingkan pria bertipe kepribadian B. Endurance  is a condition that is showed continuous work capacity. Interpreted same as physical fitness is the ability of someone to complete everyday tasks without experiencing significant fatigue. Cardiorespiratory endurance is a main factor in physical fitness. Measurement of cardiorespiratory endurance for aerobic capacity can be done by measuring the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). The research aims to see if there are differences of endurance level between personality type A male and personality type B male. Research using the Astrand 6 minutes cycle test on the value of VO2max by as many as 60 male subjects consist of 30 male with personality type A and 30 male with personality type B. Data were analyzed using independent sample t test. Results showed the mean value of VO2max in the group personality type A male is 31.8393 ± 2.14534 ml/ kg/ min and the mean value of VO2max in the group personality type B is 36.3470 ± 3.15498 ml/ kg /min. Found significant differences between personality type A male and personality type B male (p = 0.000). The conclusion there are different levels of endurance between personality type A male and personality type B male. Male with personality type A have lower levels of endurance than male with personality type B.
Pengaruh Hubungan Orang Tua dan Anak Remaja terhadap Pengetahuan Sikap Perilaku tentang Seks Bebas dan Narkoba Miftakhul Muslichah; Orizaty Hilman
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 8, No 2 (s) (2008): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v8i2 (s).1629

Abstract

Knowledge, attitude, behavior of free sex and napza of teenager in Indonesian needs serious attention of various circles of society. The knowledge derivedfrom family particulary from parent is more importance since family is the principal key in establishing attitude and behavior of teenager in socialization. In connection with this matter, the unhealthy reproduction behavior of teenager like having sexual intercourse in extra marital status or keep on changing partner freely, can result in the infection of sexual infection disease including HIV/AIDS, unwanted pregnancy, abortion, and use substance that lead into criminality. The objective of this study is to fine the influence relation between parents and teenager to knowledge, attitude, behavior of free sex and napza. This research is descriptive analytic and using quantitative method by cross sectional. The subject of this study were 115 respondent from the 2nd class in the students Senior High School Muhammadiyah Three Of Yogyakarta. Data collected from primary data with questionnaire method directly from the students. The data analysis used in the study was Corelation product moment of pearson. The result of the study showed that: there is significant relationship between perception of teenager with her parents to knowledge and attitude about free sex and napza. The knowledge of helth reproduction influenced the free sexual behavior of teenager.Pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku seks bebas dan napza remaja di Indonesia membutuhkan perhatian yang serius dari seluruh lapisan masyarakat. Pengetahuan yang diperoleh dari keluarga khususnya dari orang tua lebih penting lagi karena keluarga adalah kunci utama dalam menegakkan sikap dan perilaku remaja dalam bermasyarakat. Oleh karena itu, perilaku remaja dalam reproduksi yang tidak sehat seperti hubungan seks di luar nikah, berganti-ganti pasangan secara bebas, dapat berakibat penyakit infeksi seksual misalnya HIV/AIDS, hamil diluar nikah, aborsi, dan perilaku yang mengarah ke kriminalitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara orang tua dan remaja tentang pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku seks bebas dan napza. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan metode kuantitatif secara cross sectional. Subyek penelitian adalah 115 siswa SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Yogyakarta kelas 2. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primer yang diperoleh langsung dari responden menggunakan metode kuesioner. Data dianaisis dengan uji korelasi product moment Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara persepsi remaja dengan orang tua
Hubungan Kadar Yodium Urin dengan Kejadian Anemia dan Tumbuh Kembang Remaja di Daerah Endemik GAKI Yogyakarta Zulkhah Noor; Elga Ria Vinenza; Izza Rahmatina
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v12i2.1004

Abstract

Gangguan pertumbuhan fisik dan seksual serta Anemia pernisiosa masih sering dijumpai pada pasien hipotiroidisme subklinis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari hubungan kadar ekskresi iodium urin (EIU) dengan anemia dan tumbuh kembang remaja termasuk indeks massa tubuh, usia menarche dan spermarche remaja di daerah endemik GAKI di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional, dengan desain secara cross sectional. Responden penelitian sebanyak 59 anak usia 12-16 tahun, terdiri dari 30 anak dari Lemahdadi, Bangunjiwo, Kasihan, Bantul dan 29 anak dari Karangwuluh, Temon  Kulon Progo. Kadar EIU diukur dengan metode dry digestion di BP GAKI Magelang, pengukuran darah dilakukan di Hi-Lab di Yogyakarta. Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan remaja diperoleh melalui kuesioner, timbangan dan stadiometer. Data dianalisis dengan uji Mann Whitney dan uji korelasi Spearman. Kadar EIU responden termasuk kategori berlebihan dan sangat berlebihan. Persentase tertinggi BMI normal (56,25%) diperoleh pada kelompok EIU optimal. Sebaliknya, persentase IMT kurang tertinggi terdapat pada kelompok EIU berlebih (76,47%)  dan sangat berlebih (58,82%). Usia menarche dan spermarche responden adalah normal. Presentase anemia ditemukan sebanyak 33,90%. Disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat EIU dengan BMI, usia menarche dan spermarche dan jenis anemia (p 0,05). Impaired physical growth, sexual and Pernicious anemia is frequently found in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship with the UIE levels of anemia, and growth and development of adolescents, including body mass index, menarche and spermarche of adolescent in two GAKY endemic areas in Yogyakarta. This study is an observational, cross sectional design. Respondents are 59 children aged 12-16 years, consisted of 30 children from Lemahdadi, Bangun Jiwo, Kasihan, Bantul. and 29 children from Karangwuluh, Temon, Kulon Progo. Urinary iodine levels was measured by digestion method in BP GAKY Magelang, blood measurement carried out in Hi-Lab in Yogyakarta. Adolescent growth and development obtained through a questionnaire, the scales and stadiometer. Data were analyzed with Mann Whitney test and Spearman correlation test. The level of UIE of respondents in the two areas of research were excessive and very excessive. Highest percentage of normal BMI (56.25%) obtained at optimal UIE group. In contrast, the highest percentage of less BMI present in excess UIE group (76.47%) and very excess (58.82%). Spermarche and menarche age of respondents were normal. Percentage of anemia was found as 33.90%. It can concluded that there was no relationship between the level of UIE with BMI, age of menarche and spermarche and type of anemia (p 0.05).
Keluhan Mata Silau pada Penderita Astigmatisma Dibandingkan dengan Miopia Fitri Permatasari; Yunani Setyandriana
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 13, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v13i2.1064

Abstract

Astigmatisme merupakan kelainan refraksi dimana pembiasan pada meridian yang berbeda tidak sama akibat kelainan kelengkungan di kornea. Pada mata dengan astigmatisme lengkungan jari-jari pada satu meridian kornea lebih panjang daripada jari-jari meridian yang tegak lurus dimana dalam hal ini keluhan silau bisa terjadi jika kecerahan dari suatu bagian dari inferior jauh melebihi kecerahan yang berlebihan, baik yang terlihat langsung atau melewati pantulan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keluhan mata silau pada penderita astigmatisma dibandingkan dengan miopia. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian cross sectional dengan metode deskriptif untuk membandingkan ada atau tidaknya kesilauan pada penderita astigmatisma dibandingkan dengan penderita miopia. Sebanyak 68 orang mahasiswa dengan 34 orang penderita miopia dan 34 orang penderita astigmatisma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan responden astigmatisma yang mengeluh silau berjumlah 28 orang (82,4%) dan yang tidak mengeluh silau berjumlah 6 orang (17,6%), sedangkan responden dengan karakteristik miopia yang mengeluh silau berjumlah 12 (35,3%) dan yang tidak mengeluh silau berjumlah 22 orang (64,7%), sehingga didapatkan kejadian silau 8,167 kali lebih besar pada astigmatisma dibandingkan dengan miopia. Prevalensi astigmatisma yang mengeluh silau (82,4%) dan miopia yang mengeluh silau (35,3%). Disimpulkan bahwa didapatkan keluhan mata silau yang lebih banyak pada astigmatisma dibandingkan dengan miopia. Astigmatisma is refraction disorder where deviation in the meridient is different because of curve disorder in cornea. In astigmatisma, half diameter of curve in one miridian cornea is longer than upright vertical of half diameter miridian. Ambient lighting can be hapened in astigmatisma is the bright inferior has been over lighting either direk vision or reflaktion. This research aims to know ambient lighting on astigmatisma compared by miopia suffere. The design in this reasearch is cross sectional by descriptive method to compare the ambient lighting in astigmatisma patient by myopia patient. The respondent is 68 students and 34 respondent are myopia patient, 34 respondent are astigmatisma patient. The result shows female respondents is 38 students (55,9%) and male respondent is 30 students (44,1%). The astigmatisma respondent are 34 students (50,0%) and myopia respondent are 34 students (50,0%), ambient lighting respondents are 40 students (58,8%) and the respondents who don’t have ambient lighting are 28 students (41,2%). Astigmatisma respondent who have ambient lighting are 28 students (82,4 %) and astigmatisma respondents who don’t have ambient lighting are 12 students (35,3%) and the respondents by myopia characteristic who don’t have ambient lighting are 22 students (64,7%). Astigmatisma prevalents by ambient lighting is 82,4 % and myopia by ambient lighting is 35,3%. It can be concluded that there is ambient lighting in astigmatisma more than myopia.

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