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INDONESIA
Planta Tropika
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 0216499X     EISSN : 25287079     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
PLANTA TROPIKA : Jurnal Agrosains (Journal of Agro Science) provides a forum for researchers on applied agricultural science to publish the original articles. PLANTA TROPIKA published two times a year (February and August) by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta in collaboration with Indonesian Association of Agrotechnology / Agroecotechnology (PAGI). Planta Tropika focuses related to various themes, topics and aspects including (but not limited) to the following topics Agro-Biotechnology, Plant Breeding, Agriculture Waste Management, Plant Protection, Soil Science, Post Harvest Science and Technology, Horticulture.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "vol. 13 no. 2 (2025)" : 8 Documents clear
Biodegradable Packaging Fillers Reduce Mechanical Damage and Preserve Postharvest Quality of Cherry Tomatoes Safira Fergiana; Rokhani Hasbullah
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i2.23137

Abstract

Cherry tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) is a perishable commodity due to its delicate texture. Consequently, it necessitates effective postharvest handling. Cherry tomatoes frequently incur mechanical damage during transit due to the voids in the packaging, leading to friction and collisions with the packaging material. This study evaluates the impact of packaging fillers on mechanical damage to tomatoes during transportation and identifies the optimal packaging fillers for cherry tomatoes. This study included plastic fruit crate packaging with dimensions of 38 cm x 26 cm x 12 cm. This study included filler materials consisting of long shredded newsprint and banana leaves and a control group without filler. Transportation simulation was conducted at 3,9 Hz, amplitude 4,2 cm for 90 minutes, equivalent to 108,9 km of transportation. The results showed that packaging with filler significantly reduced fruit damage compared to the control. The highest reduction was observed in the combined filler treatment, which decreased mechanical damage by 62.5% relative to the control. Banana leaf filler also provided good protection, reducing weight loss by 45.8% and maintaining fruit firmness (1.63 kg cm⁻²) compared to control (1.08 kg cm⁻²). However, newsprint filler minimized color change, maintaining the red index 34.15 compared to 41.22 in the control. Overall, the combined filler treatment performed best in preserving postharvest quality. These findings suggest that biodegradable packaging fillers, particularly banana leaves and their combination with newsprint, are effective and environmentally friendly alternatives for extending the shelf life of cherry tomatoes during transportation.
Genetic Diversity, Heritability and Agronomic Traits of Upland Rice Cultivars Sakka Samudin; Mustakim Mustakim; Mustamin Mustamin; Maemunah Maemunah
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i2.24165

Abstract

The Indonesian archipelago boasts a rich biodiversity, particularly a vast collection of local upland rice germplasm, many of which remain unidentified. The study aimed to expand the collection of local rice germplasm by considering the genetic variability coefficient and heritability values and identifying cultivars with the potential to become superior local varieties. The research was conducted in Tamarenja Village from April to October 2024. The study used a single - factor randomized block design with eight cultivars as treatments, including Pae Bohe, Kalendeng, Delima, Pulu Tau Leru, Dongan, Wangga, Logi, Tako, Buncaili, Uva, Uva Buya, and Jahara. The collected data were analyzed using variance analysis, genetic variability coefficient analysis, heritability, and agronomic trait analysis using the LSD test at a 1% significance level. The results showed high genetic diversity, with genetic coefficient of variation (GCV) values between 24.56% and 53.49%. Estimates of heritability were also high, with most characteristics having more than 80% heritability. Grain yield (97.93%), number of grains per panicle (95.87%), and 1000-grain weight (97.49%) were all strongly controlled by genetics. Delima exhibited the longest panicle at 38.55 cm, containing 260 grains per panicle. The results identify Jahara, Kalendeng, Dongan, Logi, and Uva Buya as exceptional cultivars with considerable potential for upland rice breeding.
Anatomical and Morphological Variability of Leaves, Stem, and Root Among Eddoe Taro (Colacasia esculenta var Esculenta) Lutfy Ditya Cahyanti; Mahmudah Hamawi; Use Etica; Jamilah Mohd Salimaa
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i2.24592

Abstract

Colocasia esculenta (taro) is a significant staple crop cultivated for its edible corms, roots, and leaves. Despite its agricultural importance, limited anatomical studies have focused on the vegetative organs (leaf, stem, and root) of various taro cultivars. This study aimed to describe and compare the anatomical structures of leaves, stems, and roots among six taro cultivars (Jepang putih, Jepang merah, Gambir, Semir, Ketan, and Sutra). The six cultivars were cultivated using sucker propagation in three replicated blocks. Parameters assessed included leaf, stem, root anatomy, chlorophyll content (a, b, and total), stomata characteristics, epidermal cell number and length, and root tissue thickness (epidermis, endodermis, cortex, and stele). Significant anatomical differences were found among the cultivars. The Gambir cultivar resulted in the highest chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll content. Jepang merah had the thickest root epidermis and cortex, Gambir had the thickest endodermis, and Semir showed the thickest stele. Ketan cultivar had the highest number of stomata and epidermal cells. Anatomical variation exists among the six cultivars of Colocasia esculenta studied, indicating potential for cultivar-specific functional adaptations. These findings may contribute to cultivar selection and improvement for various agricultural and nutritional purposes.
Physiological Responses of Soybean Varieties to Different Types of Biochar Application Muji Rahayu; Andriyana Setyawati; Gani Cahyo Handoyo; Bramesty Laras Hanif; Fevi Catur Wulan Sari
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i2.25382

Abstract

Soybeans, a legume widely consumed in Indonesia, exhibit a comparatively low production rate. Therefore, initiatives to augment soybean production are essential, one of which is the utilization of biochar. Biochar has been extensively studied as a soil amendment that improves soil fertility and promotes plant growth. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological responses of soybean varieties to different types of biochar. The experiment used a factor randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The factor was three soybean varieties (Dena 1, Demas 1, and Gepak Kuning) and three biochar treatments (control, palm fibre, and rice hull). Data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. Results indicated that rice hull biochar improved net assimilation and relative growth rates by 1.95% and 1.59%, respectively, between the third and fifth weeks after planting. It also increased total dry weight by 1.37% and leaf area index by 1.72% compared to untreated plants. Among the varieties tested, Dena 1 yielded the highest total dry weight (1.41%) and leaf area index (1.53%), highlighting a promising synergy between this variety and rice hull biochar. These findings demonstrate that biochar type and soybean variety interact to determine physiological responses, suggesting that appropriate combinations may improve soybean productivity and resilience under field conditions.
Synergistic Effect of Terra Preta and Rice Straw Mulch on Growth and Yield of Hybrid Corn (Zea Mays L.) Rikeu Relawati; Zakiyah Amini; Ananta Bayu Pratama
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i2.25391

Abstract

Climate change challenges agriculture with altered rainfall and extreme temperatures. Terra preta and rice straw mulch can mitigate effects like drought and soil degradation. Terra preta, a carbon-rich black soil, improves soil structure, retains nutrients, and reduces atmospheric CO2. It can be made from organic waste. This study examines the impact of terra preta and rice straw mulch thickness on the growth and yield of hybrid maize cultivar Pertiwi 5. A factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors was applied: terra preta dose (0, 10, 15, and 20 tons/ha) and mulch thickness (0,3,6, and 9 cm). Data were analyzed using ANOVA for a linear model, with an F-test at a 5% significance level, followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) for post hoc comparisons. Results showed the optimal treatment was 20 tons/ha of terra preta with 9 cm mulch, leading to a plant height of 181,544 cm, stem diameter of 36,4 mm, two cobs per plant, and the lowest dry weed weight of 26,33 g. The highest harvest index was with 15 tons/ha of terra preta and 9 cm mulch, at 77,87% and 77,77%. These findings suggest terra preta and rice straw mulch enhance maize growth and yield, providing a sustainable agriculture approach under climate change.
Optimizing Auxins Applications for In Vitro Plantlet Development of a New Dendrobium Hybrid Etik Wukir Tini; Zulfa Ulinnuha; Rifqi Raditya Kurniawan; Pudji Widodo; Rendie Prasetyo; Abd. Rahman Milan; Gieks Sugiyono
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i2.25699

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of auxin types and concentrations on plantlet formation in the D. antennatum x D. stratiotes hybrid orchid during in vitro culture. This study was carried out experimentally using a Completely Randomized Split-Plot Design. The main plot was auxin types (IAA, IBA, and NAA), and the sub-plot was auxin concentrations (0, 5, 10, and 15 µM). Each treatment combination was repeated three times, resulting in 36 experimental units. The variable observed was plantlet formation, with the parameters measured including the number of shoots, shoot length, number of leaves, roots, and root length. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance at 95% and 99% significance levels, followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 95% significance level. The results showed that D. antennatum x D. stratiotes hybrid shoots grown on MS medium supplemented with 15 µM auxin produced the highest number of shoots (13.66 shoots/explant) and leaves (32.11 leaves/explant). IBA application produced the longest shoots (1.67 cm/shoot), whilst NAA was more effective for root induction. MS media supplemented with 5 µM NAA resulted in the highest number of roots (36.33 roots/explant).
Effects of NPK Fertilizer and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) on the Growth of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Seedlings Sahru Ananda Ramadhan; Listyawati Indra Putri; Praditya Rizqi Novanto; Fatimah Nur Istiqomah; Aidil Azhar
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i2.26091

Abstract

Nutrients in the nursery stage significantly impact the cultivation of oil palm seedlings. The study aimed   to investigate the effects of NPK fertilizer and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) on the growth of oil palm seedlings. A Randomized Complete Block Design with a single factor was employed, consisting of six treatment levels and four replications. The treatments included a control, NPK fertilizer, AMF biofertilizer, and combinations of AMF biofertilizer with varying doses of NPK fertilizer. Growth parameters were plant height, trunk diameter, frond count, dry matter weight, AMF root infection, and soil spore count. The results showed that the standard dose NPK + 30 g AMF biofertilizer exhibited the best morphological traits, which significantly affected the dry matter weight of seedlings. However, the half standard dose of NPK + 30 g AMF biofertilizer optimized growth while reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers. AMF root infections were observed in the treatments with biofertilizer. These findings indicate that the combined use of NPK fertilizer and AMF can optimize oil palm seedling growth, providing a strong foundation for improved field establishment and future productivity.
Potential of Hermetia illucens Larvae as an Alternative Prey in Enhancing Predatory Efficiency and Reproductive Success of Sycanus annulicornis Wildan Muhlison; Irwanto Sucipto; Zulfa Maulida; Muhammad Usman; Budianto
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i2.26101

Abstract

Predatory insects are essential in controlling pest populations; however, their ability to work depends on prey availability and quality. This study investigates the potential of alternative prey to enhance the predatory efficiency and reproductive success of Sycanus annulicornis, a generalist predator used in pest management. The research assessed predation behavior, longevity, and reproductive capacity of S. annulicornis when fed with Hermetia illucens, Tenebrio molitor, and Alphitobius diaperinus. Choice and no-choice tests revealed a significantly higher predation rate for H. illucens (98.0 ± 50.25 for females and 89.0 ±14.0 for males; P < 0.05) compared to T. molitor (67.0 ± 15.4 for females, 54.2 ± 11.2 for males) and A. diaperinus (67.0 ± 12.1 for females, 65.5 ± 17.0 for males). Longevity analysis showed that females fed H. illucens lived significantly longer (49.7 ± 1.00 days, P < 0.05) than those consuming T. molitor (41.2 ±6.46 days) or A. diaperinus (41.3 ± 8.45 days). Reproductive performance was highest for H. illucens, with fecundity (33.1 ± 22.0 eggs) and fertility (27.5 ± 18.7%) exceeding that of T. molitor (24.5 ± 13.1 eggs, 10.0 ± 4.4%) and A. diaperinus (30.3 ± 22.3 eggs, 19.0 ± 12.7%). This study supports using H. illucens as a nutritionally adequate prey for mass rearing S. annulicornis, improving its application in biological pest control.

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