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Biomedika
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
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Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology
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Articles 399 Documents
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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN N-ASETILSISTEIN TERHADAP EKSPRESI CASPASE-1 GLOMERULUS DAN DERAJAT KERUSAKAN GINJAL PADA MENCIT NEFRITIS LUPUS INDUKSI PRISTAN Rachmawati, Anindita; Purwanto, Bambang; Prasetyo, Diding Heri
Biomedika Vol 10, No 2 (2018): Biomedika Agustus 2018
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v10i2.7015

Abstract

ABSTRAKLupus nefritis (LN) terkait dengan penebalan membran basal glomerulus. Pengendapan kompleks imun  memicu kaskade respon inflamasi disertai aktivasi reactive oxygen species (ROS), akhirnya terjadi aktivasi caspase-1, dan caspase-1, mengaktifkan IL-1B dan IL-18 yang berlanjut terjadinya apoptosis dan nekrosis dan akhirnya terjadi kerusakan ginjal. Peningkatan ekspresi caspase-1 dapat dicegah oleh N-Asetil Sistein (NAS), yang merupakan suatu senyawa dengan efek antioksidan dan antiinflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh NAS terhadap ekspresi caspase-1 dan terjadinya apoptosis dan nekrosis ginjal pada mencit model lupus nefritis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratoris, dengan sampel 24 ekor mencit Balb/C betina yang dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol, LN, dan LN+NAS. Untuk membuat model LN, hewan coba diberikan injeksi 0,5 ml pristan intraperitoneal dosis tunggal. NAS diberikan secara peroral dengan dosis 4,7 mg/hari) selama delapan minggu. Mencit kontrol tidak diinokulasi selama penelitian. Ekspresi caspase-1 dihitung dari 100 sel makrofag yang immunoreaktif dengan teknik imunohistokimia dan kejadian apoptosis dan nekrosis dihitung dengan dengan teknik histopatologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pemberian NAS menurunkan ekspresi caspase-1 (22,8 ± 6,4 vs 31,4 ± 7,5 per 100 sel makrofag imunoreaktif; p = 0,000)  dan menurunkan kerusakan ginjal (6,75 ± 2,92 vs 9,88 ± 3,56; p =0,010) dibandingkan kelompok LN. NAS secara bermakna menurunkan ekspresi caspase-1 dan derajat kerusakan ginjal pada mencit model LN. Kata Kunci: Caspase-1, Derajat Kerusakan Ginjal, Lupus Nefritis, Pristan  ABSTRACTLupus nephritis (LN) associated with thickening of the basal membrane of the glomerulus. The deposition  of immune complexes trigger a cascade of inflammatory response accompanied the activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), finally happened activation caspase-1, and enable the IL-1B and IL-18 to be the active form, and to be continued into occurrence of apoptosis and necrosis and eventually the kidney injury. Increased of caspase-1 expression can be prevented by N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAS), which is a compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.This study aimed to analyze the effects of NAS on the expression of Caspase-1 and degree of renal injury in mice models of lupus nephritis. This study is an experimental research laboratory, with a sample of 24 females Balb/C mice were divided into a control group, LN and LN+NAS. To create a model LN, experimental animals given intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 ml Pristan single dose. NAS administered orally at a dose of 4.7 mg/day for eight weeks. Control mice not inoculated during the study. Expression of Caspase-1 was calculated from 100 macrophage cells immunoreactive with immunohistochemical and degree of renal injury with histopathological techniques. One way analysis of variance (Anova) for caspase-1 expression and degree  of renal injury, and p<0.05 were used to determine the significant differences. The provision of NAS decreased the expression of caspase-1 (22,8 ± 6,4 vs 31,4 ± 7,5  per 100 macrophage immunoreactive cells; p = 0.042) and degree of renal injury (6,75 ± 2,92 vs 9,88 ± 3,56; p =0,010) compared to LN group respectively. NAS significantly decrease the expression of caspase-1 and degree of renal injury in mice models LN.Keywords: Caspase-1, Degree Of Renal Injury, Lupus Nephritis, Pristane
KUALITAS JAJANAN ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR SECARA MIKROBIOLOGI DI KECAMATAN KOTO TANGAH PADANG SUMATERA BARAT Rahmawita, Rahmawita; Putri, Dwi Hilda; Advinda, Linda
Biomedika Vol 10, No 2 (2018): Biomedika Agustus 2018
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v10i2.7020

Abstract

ABSTRAKPangan jajanan merupakan sarana bagi anak-anak dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan kecukupan gizi, tetapi juga berisiko menimbulkan keracunan jika tidak higienis. Menurut Undang–Undang RI nomor 18 tahun 2012 tentang pangan menyatakan bahwa keamanan pangan adalah usaha mencegah pangan dari kontaminasi biologis, kimia dan fisik. Laporan kasus kejadian luar biasa (KLB) yang dikeluarkan oleh BPOM tahun 2016 menyatakan bahwa 16,35% keracunan makanan di Indonesia berasal dari pangan jajanan di sekolah dan sebanyak 42,14%  berasal dari jajanan yang dibuat dari pangan rumah tangga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Untuk menguji kualitas  jajanan anak sekolah dasar secara mikrobiologi di Kecamatan Koto Tangah Padang. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif untuk mengidentifikasi mikroba patogen dalam jajanan yang di jual pada 19 Kantin Sekolah Dasar pada bulan Maret hingga April 2018. Total sampel yang dapat disampling sebanyak 49 sampel. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pagi hari hingga menjelang jam istirahat siang. Sampel yang disampling dari kantin dibagi dalam tiga bentuk yaitu jajanan kering, jajanan basah dan minuman yang diberi es batu. Hasil penelitian dengan ditemukannya S.aureus pengkontaminasi pada 1 sampel (2,04%) dari jajanan kering dan E. coli sebanyak 3 sampel (6,12%) dari minuman yang diberi es batu, dan bakteri jenis lain sebanyak  91.82 %.Kata kunci:  Kualitas Mikrobiologi, Jajanan Anak Sekolah, Mikroba Patogen Pengkontaminan. ABSTRACTSchool Children Food (SCF) played an important role in providing nutrient intake of children nutritional  needs, in the other hand, it may has a risk of poisioning if unhygienic. According to the Law of Republic Indonesia number 18 of 2012 on food states that food security is an attempt to prevent food from biological, chemical and physical contamination. Report on Outbreaks issued by BPOM in 2016 states that 16.35% of food poisoning in Indonesia caused by contaminated SCF, and as much as 42.14% caused by contaminated of household SCF. The aim of this study is to test the microbiological quality of Elementay SCF in Sub-district Koto Tangah Padang. This descriptive research would like to identify pathogenic microbial in SCF which sold at 19 elementary school canteen during periode of time March to April 2018. The total samples are 49. Time of sampling conducted from morning until right before lunchtime. The samples categorized into three forms which are dried, wet and ice-cubed drinks. The result showed that one sample (2.04%) of dried SCF was contaminated by S. aureus, three samples (6.12%) of Iced-cube drinks was contaminated by E.coli and the rest (91.82%) was contaminated by other bacteria. Keyword: Microbiological Quality, School Children Food, Pathogenic Bacteria.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK ETANOL PROPOLIS TERHADAP EKSPRESI PROTEIN BCL2 DAN P21 DALAM MENEKAN PROLIFERASI DAN MENGINDUKSI APOPTOSIS PADA KULTUR SEL HEPATOMA (Hep G2) Salimah, Kun; Kusnanto, Paulus; Purwanto, Bambang
Biomedika Vol 11, No 1 (2019): Biomedika Februari 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v11i1.5364

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (KHS) is 90% of primary tumors in the liver. One of natural treatment that have anti-cancer activity is propolis. Its anti-cancer activity works through induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation. Bcl2 belongs to the family group B-cell lymphoma 2 protein which acts as an intrinsic pathway apoptotic protein. p21 is a tumor suppressor protein that has a primary function in inhibiting cell cycle progression. This study was aimed to determine the anti-cancer effect of propolis ethanol extract (EEP) originating from Kerjo, Karanganyar on hepatocellular cancer cell culture (Hep G2) through its potential as an anticancer in increasing p21 protein expression, reducing bcl2 protein expression in suppressing apoptosis and reducing cell proliferation . This research is an experimental laboratories with post test with control group design. Performed on Hep G2 cells with the treatment of EEP concentrations (½IC50, IC50, 2IC50), sorafenib IC50, a combination of EEP IC50 + sorafenib IC50, and controls. Observation of Bcl2 and p21 protein expression by immunocytochemistry method, observing cell proliferation with doubling time, observing apoptosis with flowcytometry. We use ANOVA statistical test, followed by the Tuckey post hoc test, were stated to be significant if p< 0.05. The inhibition concentration of 50% Hep G2 cells by EEP was 65.2 μg / mL, and sorafenib (6.08 μg / mL). EEP concentration of 2IC50 (p = 0.001), sorafenib 1 IC50 (p = 0.001), 1IC50 EEP + 1IC50 sorafenib (p= 0.001) able to increase p21 protein expression. The 2 EEP concentration (p= 0.040), was able to reduce the expression of Bcl2 protein, with p= 0.001. The strength of EEP 1IC50 is equivalent to sorafenib IC50 in suppressing 24-hour proliferation (p> 0.05). The strength of EEP ½IC50 is equivalent to sorafenib IC50 in suppressing proliferation 48 hours (p> 0.05). The strength of EEP 1IC50 is better than sorafenib IC50 in suppressing proliferation of 72 hours (p> 0.05). All EEP concentrations increase p21 protein expression, with the EEP 2IC50 group providing the strongest effect. All EEP concentrations were able to reduce cell proliferation, with the EEP 2IC50 group, giving the strongest effect. It was concluded that concentration of 2IC50 EEP has an effect on decreasing the expression of bcl2 protein and hepatoma cell apoptosis.Keywords: Ethanol Extract Propolis, Bcl2, P21, Apoptosis, Proliferation, Hep G2 Cells
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KELUHAN NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH (LOW BACK PAIN) PADA NELAYAN DI DESA BATU KARAS KECAMATAN CIJULANG PANGANDARAN Wahab, Atthariq
Biomedika Vol 11, No 1 (2019): Biomedika Februari 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v11i1.7599

Abstract

Data from the Ministry of Health's 2006 research on diseases and accidents that occur in fishermen and traditional divers, said that a number of fishermen on Bungin Island, West Nusa Tenggara suffered from joint pain (57.5 percent) and mild to deafness hearing loss (11.3 percent ) The results of the initial research health research on fishermen in Batukaras Village showed that the 10 most diseases were dominated by diseases related to low back pain. The aim of this study is to explore causes factor asscociation with low back pain in Batu Karas Village Community Fishermen Group. This study uses a quantitative approach with a cross sectional study design. The population in this study was the Batu Karas Village Community Fishermen Group. This sampling was carried out based on the fishermen presented at the time of the study (accidental sampling) and willing to become research respondents by filling out and signing informed consent as many as 140 respondents. Data retrieval is done by structured interviews with questionnaires. Variables that have a statistically significant relationship with the incidence of complaints of lower back pain are years of work, smoking habits, with a p-value <0.005. The conclusion of this study are the work period of more than 20 years and smoking habits associated with lower back pain.Key words: Fishermen, Low Back Pain, The Work Period, Smoking Habits
PENCEGAHAN DAN TATALAKSANA DEKUBITUS PADA GERIATRI Mahmuda, Iin Novita Nurhidayati
Biomedika Vol 11, No 1 (2019): Biomedika Februari 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v11i1.5966

Abstract

Decubitus ulcer or pressure sore is a serious morbidity in elderly patients. The incidence of pressure sores in geriatric patients is 11%. Population at 70-75 of their aged had a two-fold risk higher for suffering decubitus ulcers compared with 55-69 years of aged people. The highest incidence is in group of 80-84 years old peole. Studies has found 95% of cases are preventable. Prevention efforts have already proven to be more effective and cost effective than treatment. Prevention efforts include mobilization, skin care, fulfillment of fluids and adequate nutrition, the use of tools / aids for body movement, environmental regulation of health care and education. Treatment of decubitus ulcers by administering topical material, systemic drugs or surgery should be done as early as possible. Keyword: decubitus ulcer, geriatric patients, prevention, treatment 
EFEK HIPOLIPIDEMIK EKSTRAK ETANOL LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe vera L) PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN MODEL HIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA Rosyidah, Devi Usdiana; Primayanti, Yustika Qasthari; Satriyani, Oktein
Biomedika Vol 11, No 1 (2019): Biomedika Februari 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v11i1.7662

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia was a national health problem related to cardiovascular disease. The increasing public interest in natural materials as a management of hyperlipidemia research with natural ingredients. Aloe vera L. extract contained acemannan (glucomannan) and cellulose which could reduce lipid profiles. This aim of this study was to determine the effect of Aloe vera extract on the lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic modelling wistar male rats. This study used a laboratory experimental research design. The method was pre and post test with control group design. This study used 25 male Rattus norvegicus induced by high-fat feed for 14 days. Subjects were divided into 5 groups: negative control group (aquadest), positive control group (cholestiramine 0.2mg/200gBB/day), extract of Aloe vera L dose 0.3g/200gBB/day, extract of Aloe vera L dose 0.6g/200gBB/day, extract of Aloe vera L dose 1.2g/200gBB/day. Measurement of lipid profile levels was carried out on the 7th day, 21st day, and 35th day. Shapiro-Wilk test and Lavene test showed all data were normal and homogenous. The Paired t-Test results obtained p= 0,000. One Way Anova test with triglyceride showed p< 0,05. The LSD test showed for the aquadest group triglyceride levels with 70% ethanol extract Aloe vera L dose 0.3g/200gBB/day, 0.6g/200gBB/day, and 1.2g/200gBB/day were p= 0.012, p= 0,000 and p= 0,000 respectively. Least significance different test for LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol in the aquadest group with 70% ethanol extract of Aloe vera L only at a dose of 1.2g /200gBB/day were significantly different with a value of p= 0.006 and p= 0.001. The conclusion was ethanol extract 70% Aloe vera L dose 1.2g/ 200gBB/day could reduce lipid profile such as triglyceride levels, LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic modelling wistar male rats.Keywords: Aloe Vera L., Lipid Profile, Glucomannan
PENGARUH LOGOTERAPI MEDICAL MINISTRY TERHADAP DEPRESI DAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN PASCA STROKE Imron, Sri Wahyuni; Sudiyanto, Aris; Fanani, Mohammad
Biomedika Vol 11, No 1 (2019): Biomedika Februari 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v11i1.6168

Abstract

Post-stroke depression (PSD) is the depression following stroke. It is the most frequently complication that has been occurring in stroke and impacting on functional impairment, Activity Daily Living (ADL) decreasement, cognitive deficiency, recovery inhibition, mortality increasement, motor function impairment, and progressive mobility decreasement, thereby increasing dependency and social integration disorder, giving the patients and their family difficulty, and decreasing their quality of life. Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the world with PSD prevalence rate of 5%-63%. The management of post-stroke depression should be comprehensive, managing both stroke and depression, including its risk factor. The aims of this research is to find out the effect of Medical Ministry Logotherapy on depression and quality of life post-stroke patients. This research was an analytical experimental research with single blinded randomized controlled trial pre and post-test design. The subject of research was post-stroke patients with depression in Neurological Polyclinic X Hospital of Surakarta fulfilling the restrictive criteria. The research was conducted from December to 2017 to April 2018. The sampling technique employed was simple random sampling. The instruments used were HDRS and WHOQOL. The data collected would be processed and analyzed using software. Data of general characteristics include gender, religion, education, job status, DM, duration of illness, HT with analize of Chi-Square test showed homogeneous between treatment and control, with p> 0.05. In statistic test, the change of pretes – postest score of HDRS and WHOQOL, in treatment compared with those in control groups obtained p value < 0.01, so that there was a significant difference between treatment and control groups, the decrease in HDRS and the increase in WHOQOL score. The conclusion of this study are the Logoterapi Medical Ministry is reduce the depression and improve the quality of life of patients post-stroke significantly.Keywords: Medical Ministry Logotherapy, HDRS, WHOQOL, DPS
FAKTOR RISIKO DERMATITIS TANGAN PADA PEKERJA TRADISIOAL INDUSTRI GERABAH (SEBUAH STUDI OBSERVASIONAL) Pramuningtyas, Ratih; Hudini, Delima Anggraini
Biomedika Vol 11, No 1 (2019): Biomedika Februari 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v11i1.7697

Abstract

Hand dermatitis (HD) is a form of occupational dermatitis that frequently occurs. It is caused by exposure to chemicals and the environment. Hand dermatitis is often related to work and pottery industry was one of them. Clay as the main ingredient in the traditional pottery industry contains ingredients that potentially irritant and allergenic. The frequency and risk factors that affected the frequency of HD in pottery industry worker was unknown. Objective of this study was to determine frequency and history of atopic, wet work, and contact duration as risk factors that affected that frequency of HD in traditional pottery industry worker. Analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. Sixty subjects were included in this study, 53,3% are men. The mean age of subjects was 43.75 years old. Frequency of HD on pottery industral worker was 58,33%. In bivariate analysis, history of atopy, wet work, and contact duration were significantly associated with the incidence of hand dermatitis. Hand dermatitis that appears on the subject is probably caused by calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, and chromium which was the content of clay as the industry's main raw material. Conclusion of this study was frequency of hand dermatitis 58.33% and there was a significant association between a history of atopy, wet work, and contact duration with hand dermatitis among traditional pottery industry workersKey word : Hand Dermatitis, Risk Factor, History Of Atopic, Wet Work, Contact Duration, Pottery
PENGARUH SELF-HYPNOSIS TERHADAP INTENSITAS NYERI DAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN LANSIA PENDERITA OSTEOARTRITIS Irawan, Chandra; Sudiyanto, Aris; Fanani, Mohammad
Biomedika Vol 11, No 1 (2019): Biomedika Februari 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v11i1.6606

Abstract

Arthritis or rheumatism in the elderly (called osteoarthritis) is chronic and can not be recovered. Pain becomes the main symptoms of osteoarthritis joints experience. The pain can disrupt motor function, sleep disorders and psychological stress. Nowadays, the treatment for elderly with osteoarthritis pain therapy is to pharmacotherapy. Due to psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression play a role in the recurrence of pain, then there is a complementary therapy intervention that is self-hypnosis. Self-hypnosis (as a complementary therapy) popular and familiar because it is easy to do, inexpensive and can be done at home independently. The aimed of this study was to find out whether there is any influence of self-hypnosis on the pain intensity and level of anxiety elderly with osteoarthritis.This study was a quantitative research in the form of quasi experimental randomized pretest-posttest control group design, intervention module using self-hypnosis to reduce pain intensity and level of anxiety elderly with osteoarthritis. This study was approved by the hospital ethics committee. The result of this study was a significant difference in the value pretest and posttest group treated osteoarthritis pain and anxiety elderly. The mean value of NRS (pain) treatment group pretest posttest 1,47 ± 0.57 and 0.97 ± 0.72 with p = 0.001> 0.05. The mean value of TMAS (anxiety) treatment group pretest amounted to 13.13 ± 2.27 posttest 10.93 ± 3.35 with p= 0.000Keywords: Self-Hypnosis, Pain Intensity, Level Of Anxiety, The Elderly With Osteoarthritis.
TANTANGAN DALAM DIAGNOSIS DAN MANAJEMEN PADA KEHAMILAN DENGAN THALASSEMIA MAJOR: LAPORAN KASUS Layarta, Crismanto; Prijatna, Arief; Widyastuti, Ratna
Biomedika Vol 11, No 1 (2019): Biomedika Februari 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v11i1.7843

Abstract

Thalassemia (including one type of haemoglobinopathies) is the most common genetic disease in the world. Pregnancy with thalassemia major is at risks of fetal hypoxia, intrauterine growth restriction, and prematurity as twice as normal pregnancy. We report a case of pregnancy, 28-years-old pregnant woman, in poorly treated thalassemia major patient. She came to obstetric outpatient clinic for the first antenatal care. Her gestational age was 19-20 weeks. She was diagnosed with thalassemia major previously, with poorly treated. She was pale and her spleen was enlarged with Schuffner score amounted to four. Her face showed Cooley facies which is specified in thalassemia patient. Her initial hemoglobin level was 2.2 g/dL with hypochromic microcytic erythrocyte. Thereafter, she underwent 4 series of packed red cell transfusion until delivery. The electrocardiography showed left ventricular hypertrophy with global ischemia. The pregnancy was terminated by elective caesarean section by indication of cephalopelvic disproportion. There was no intrapartum and postpartum complication in this patient. Her baby was 2,800 grams and 47 cm in length. Hereinafter, no abnormalities were found in neonatal examination. This case emphasizes the importance of establishing a diagnosis and the optimal treatment op of thalassemia major during pregnancy. Collaboration of obstetrician, cardiologist, hematologist, and neonatologist is needed to attain favorable pregnancy outcome in thalassemia major pregnant patients.Keywords: Thalassemia Major, Pregnancy, Outcome

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