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Pharmacon
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
ISSN : 14114283     EISSN : 26855062     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia is a collection of publication journals, covering all aspects of Pharmaceutical sciences, including Technology of Formulations, Excipients Optimization, Extract and Herbal Standardizations, Pharmacological activity determination on natural sources, Drug Synthesize and Development, Molecular Biology, Antibiotic Screening, Metabolite Profiling and Quantification, Clinical Pharmacy, Health and Environmental issues, published by Faculty of Pharmacy, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. We look forward to working with pharmaceutical community of researchers as we are intended to serve as a major resource for pharmaceutical information.
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Articles 345 Documents
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Reduksi Kadar Besi Dalam Air Sumur di Lingkungan Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta dengan Filter Hesti Pawarti; Lia Intan Citradewi; Aulia Tassya Fadhilla; Andi Suhendi
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 15, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v15i2.6527

Abstract

Iron was silvery white, clay, and can be formed.  it was usually obtained as hematite in nature. Iron was a chemical element that could be found in almost all places on the face of the earth, in all parts of the geological layer, and all bodies of water. In surface water, Fe was rarely found more than 1 mg / L, but in the water, Fe content could be much higher. When it accumulated in the body, iron could cause health problems, such as skin irritation, respiratory problems, and cause cancer in a long time. This study aims to determine the reduction of iron content in well water at the Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta (UMS) using the Spectrophotometry method with phenanthroline reagents. The samples were taken as many as five points in three different regions, namely Tanuragan (near the river), Menco and Nilasari (dense settlements), and Gonilan (near the rice fields) showed positive results containing iron with the highest levels in the sample without filtering at 9,478 ppm. These levels decreased after filtration using four filters, namely filters made of carbon, cotton, foam, carbon three layers in each sample. The iron content reduction was best to use cotton filters with 100% reduction in percent.
Edisi Khusus: RAKERDA, SEMINAR, PD IAI JATENG Erindyah Retno Wikantyasning
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Edisi Khusus: RAKERDA, SEMINAR, PID IAI
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v0i0.11443

Abstract

3D-MOLECULAR SCREENING OF DIKETOPIPERAZINE DERIVATES ON Staphylococcus aureus DEHYDROSQUALENE SYNTHASE USING VINA Broto Santoso
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 13, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v13i1.23

Abstract

Dehydrosqualene synthase enzyme has been used as protein target model for exploring docking simulation of pyrazoline analogues. One of diketopiperazine derivates that have similar structure to pyrazoline has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Vina is AutoDock- improved program that capable for molecular screening based on free-energy and binding conformation prediction between ligand and protein target. The aim of these studies is to screen diketopiperazine derivates on dehydrosqualene synthase of S. aureus using Vina. Diketopiperazine derivates, curcumin analogues, curcumin, pentagammavunon derivates (PGV-0 and PGV-1) were calculated for their geometry optimization energy using Gaussian-Density Functional Theory method. 3D-optimized ligands along with reference ligands were screened for their binding energy with dehydrosqualene synthase (2ZCO) by docking using Vina. The lowest values of binding energy were analyzed with statistic method. The results showed that top thirteen ligands of docking binding energy with receptor are diketopiperazine derivates (31%), curcumin analogues (31%), and reference ligands (38%). The new compounds of diketopiperazine derivates and curcumin analogues have better potency of binding energy than curcurmin as lead compound. Keywords: diketopiperazine, Vina, docking, Staphylococcus aureus, curcumin.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEPATUHAN PENGGUNAAN OBAT DAN KEBERHASILAN TERAPI PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI RUMAH SAKIT DAERAH SURAKARTA TAHUN 2010 Nurul Mutmainah
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 11, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v11i2.55

Abstract

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit kronis yang perlu diterapi dengan tepat dan terus menerus. Salah satu penentu keberhasilan terapi adalah adanya kepatuhan penggunaan obat oleh pasien. Adanya ketidakpatuhan berakibat tidak tercapainya tujuan terapi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara kepatuhan penggunaan obat dengan keberhasilan terapi pada pasien hipertensi di RS Daerah Kota Surakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian non eksperimental dengan rancangan analisis cross sectional dan pengambilan datanya menggunakan metode prospektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 23 pasien hipertensi rawat jalan di   Rumah Sakit Daerah Surakarta, yang melakukan kontrol dan mendapat antihipertensi pada bulan September-Oktober tahun 2010 dimana sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive  sampling. Hubungan skor kepatuhan dengan penurunan tekanan darah dianalisis menggunakan korelasi product moment. Ditemukan bahwa penyakit hipertensi lebih banyak diderita oleh perempuan dengan usia 47-60 tahun (52,2%). Penyakit lain yang juga diderita oleh pasien hipertensi terbanyak adalah diabetes mellitus (34,8%). Terapi antihipertensi yang banyak diberikan adalah dalam bentuk kombinasi 2 jenis obat yaitu Angiotensin Converting Enzym Inhibitor (ACEI) dan diuretik (34,8%).  Sedangkan  kepatuhan pasien ditemukan pada tingkat   sedang (30,4%)   dan tinggi ( 69,6%) dan dari analisis korelasi product moment ditemukan korelasi antara skor kepatuhan dengan penurunan tekanan darah sangat rendah, dimana   tingkat kepatuhan mempengaruhi keberhasilan terapi sebesar 18,03%. Kata kunci: Hipertensi,  kepatuhan, keberhasilan terapi
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Obat Kumur Dari Ekstrak Etanol 70% Batang Sambung Nyawa (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.) Terhadap Bakteri Streptococcus mutans Dame Gurning; Dicki Nathaniel; Okpri Meila; Zuraida Sagala
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 15, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v15i2.5880

Abstract

Karies gigi merupakan suatu masalah pada mulut yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Streptococcus mutans, prevalensi karies gigi telah mencapai hingga 60% di Indonesia. Penggunaan obat kumur dinilai efektif, karena dapat membersihkan mulut sampai ke sela-sela gigi. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan uji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan obat kumur dari ekstrak etanol batang sambung nyawa (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.) terhadap bakteri Streptooccus mutans dengan seri konsenterasi ekstrak 2,5%; 5% dan 10%. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak batang sambung terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans dilakukan sebagai uji pendahuluan dan hasilnya didapatkan Konsenterasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans ada pada konsenterasi ekstrak 2,5% dengan rata-rata zona hambatan sebesar 7,80 mm. Rata-rata zona hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans lebih tinggi dalam sediaan obat kumur dibandingkan dengan bentuk ekstrak yang masih murni, dikarenakan adanya beberapa bahan pada formulasi sediaan obat kumur yang dapat berfungsi sebagai agen antibakteri, seperti gliserin, menthol dan natrium benzoat. Zona hambatan terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya konsenterasi dari ekstrak etanol batang sambung nyawa. Data zona hambat pertumbuhan bakteri dianalisis menggunakan One Way ANOVA dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Evaluasi stabilitas dari sediaan obat kumur meliputi pemeriksaan organoleptis, homogenitas dan pH yang dilakukan selama empat minggu penyimpanan pada suhu ruang menunjukkan hasil yang stabil.
Optimasi Formula Tablet Piroksikam Menggunakan Eksipien Laktosa, Avicel pH-101, dan Amprotab dengan Metode Simplex Lattice Design Ikhwan Yuda Kusuma; Rani Prabandari
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 17, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v17i1.9176

Abstract

Piroxicam solubility in water is very small this cause problem in the process of absorption so that it’s required an optimal formula to establish the physical properties of tablet quality for piroxicam tablets. The purpose of this research was creating formulas with the optimal combination of excipients lactose, Avicel pH 101, and piroxicam amprotab to obtain tablets with good physical properties and disolution. Seven piroxicam tablet formulas were made with a combination of lactose, avicel PH-101, and Amprotab on 2 batches. Method for making tablets piroxicam was established by direct compression. Tests included were the physical properties of piroxicam tablets tablets weight uniformity, uniformity of size, hardness, brittleness, disintegration test, as well as dissolution test, and content uniformity. Based on the simplex lattice design method, lactose is a dominant factor to improved the uniformity of tablet’s concentartions. Interaction of two components avicel PH-101 and amprotab is a dominant factor to reduced vulnerability. Interaction of three components lactose, avicel PH-101 and amprotab is a dominant factor to lowered the value coefisien variation of weight uniformity, increased hardness, decreased the disintegration, and improved dissolution of tablets. Selection of the optimum formula was determined by the method of simplex lattice design through diagrams superimposed contour plots and contour plots for obtaining the optimal proportions of each ingredient as follows: lactose (85,154–100%), avicel PH-101 (0–12,437%), and amprotab (0–5,425%).
EXPLORING 3D MOLECULAR STUDIES OF DIKETOPIPERAZINE ANALOGUES ON Staphylococcus aureus DEHYDROSQUALENE SYNTHASE USING GLIDE-XP Broto Santoso
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 13, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v13i2.14

Abstract

There is a strong correlation between 3D molecular docking result with dehydrosqualene synthase protein and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) of the pyrazoline analogues. The enzyme has been known as important protein for the synthesis of staphyloxanthin in S. aureus. Diketopiperazine analogues have similar structure to pyrazoline. Glide-XP, Schrodinger application that seeks for molecular docking screening between ligand and protein target is designed for speed, efficiency, and accuracy to conduct discovery efforts. The research report the three-dimension molecular studies diketopiperazine analogues for their antibacterial activity on dehydrosqualene synthase of S. aureus using Glide-XP. Analogues compound of diketopiperazine and curcumin has been calculated their geometry optimization using Gaussian-Density Functional Theory method. These 3D-optimized ligands along with reference ligands obtained from bindingDB database, MIMICs fingerprint shape screening and the compound from previous research were performed on dehydrosqualene synthase (2ZCO) for their docking score. The lowest values docking score were analyzed with multiple linear regressions. The results suggest that the diketopiperazine framework is a prospective template for modification and optimization to accomplish better potency of antibacterial activity in laboratory testing. Keywords: diketopiperazine, Glide-XP, docking score, Staphylococcus aureus, multiple linear regression.
Front Matters Vol.18, No 1, 2021 Erindyah Retno Wikantyasning
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 18, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT DAN BIJI KELENGKENG (Euphoria longan (Lour.) Steud) TERHADAP Escherichia coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus SERTA TOKSISITASNYA TERHADAP Artemia salina Leach Muhtadi Muhtadi
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v12i1.46

Abstract

Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya daun, batang, dan cabang kelengkeng Euphoria longan (Lour.) Steud) aktif sebagai antibakteri, antioksidan, dan toksik terhadap Artemia salina Leach. Pada kulit dan biji kelengkeng dilaporkan mengandung senyawa fenolik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol kulit dan biji kelengkeng terhadap E. coli dan S. aureus, menentukan efek toksik terhadap larva udang Artemia salina L., serta memberikan informasi golongan senyawa yang terkandung dalam ekstrak etanol kulit dan biji kelengkeng.Penelitian ini didahului dengan optimasi penyari etanol 50%, 70%, dan 95%. Kulit dan biji kelengkeng dimaserasi menggunakan penyari etanol 95% terdestilasi. Ekstrak tersebut digunakan untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli dan S. aureus serta diuji ketoksikannya terhadap Artemia salina L. (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test). Selanjutnya dilakukan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa dari ekstrak etanol kulit dan biji kelengkeng. Bioautografi dilakukan untuk mengetahui senyawa dalam ekstrak yang bertanggung jawab terhadap kematian bakteri uji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol kulit kelengkeng hingga konsentrasi 4% belum berpotensi terhadap E. coli dan S. aureus, sedangkan pada ekstrak etanol biji kelengkeng memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli dan S. aureus dengan KBM berturut-turut sebesar 4% dan 2%. Uji ketoksikan ekstrak etanol kulit kelengkeng terhadap Artemia salina L. memberikan nilai LC50 sebesar 942 µg/mL, sedangkan pada ekstrak etanol biji kelengkeng sebesar 3429 µg/mL. Hasil KLT menunjukkan bahwa pada ekstrak etanol kulit kelengkeng mengandung senyawa golongan fenolik dan saponin. Sementara dalam ekstrak etanol biji kelengkeng mengandung senyawa golongan fenolik, flavonoid, saponin, dan minyak atsiri. Senyawa pada ekstrak etanol biji kelengkeng yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri adalah senyawa fenolik dan flavonoid. Kata kunci: Kelengkeng (Euphoria longan (Lour.) Steud), Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test, KLT.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT AND INFUSE OF Bauhinia variegata LEAVES AGAINST Streptococcus pyogenes istiqamatush sholihah
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v14i1.424

Abstract

Bauhinia variegata is a plant that has many virtues and widely grown in Indonesia. Yet the virtues and uses are still limited as the shade and ornamental plant. The purpose of this study is to determine the antibacterial ethanol extract activity and the infuse of Bauhinia Variegata leaves toward Streptococcus pyogenes and to determine the classes of compounds that have antibacterial activity. Bauhinia variegata leaves are extracted by maceration and infundation with 96% ethanol and distilled water. The test method of antibacterial activity is used disc difusson Kirby Bauer methods. The Analyses of the compounds which are contained in the Bauhinia Variegata leaves are done by TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) and test tubes. The results showed that ethanol extract and infuse of Bauhinia Variegata leaves has no antibacterial activity toward Streptococcus pyogenes. TLC results and test tubes showed that the ethanol extract of Bauhinia Variegata leaves contain tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. While, the infuse of Bauhinia variegata leaves are saponins and alkaloids. Keywords: Bauhinia variegata, antibacterial, Streptococcus pyogenes, maceration, infundation.

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