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Pharmacon
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
ISSN : 14114283     EISSN : 26855062     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia is a collection of publication journals, covering all aspects of Pharmaceutical sciences, including Technology of Formulations, Excipients Optimization, Extract and Herbal Standardizations, Pharmacological activity determination on natural sources, Drug Synthesize and Development, Molecular Biology, Antibiotic Screening, Metabolite Profiling and Quantification, Clinical Pharmacy, Health and Environmental issues, published by Faculty of Pharmacy, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. We look forward to working with pharmaceutical community of researchers as we are intended to serve as a major resource for pharmaceutical information.
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Articles 345 Documents
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Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sukun (Artocarpus altilis) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Dan Escherichia coli Fuan Maharani Fiana; Naelaz Zukhruf Wakhidatul Kiromah; Ery Purwanti
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Edisi Khusus: RAKERDA, SEMINAR, PID IAI
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v0i0.10108

Abstract

Diarrhea is caused by bacterial infections, especially Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The breadfruit leaves (Artocarpus altilis) are known contain flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins which can be used as antibacterial. This research was conducted to determine the ethanol extract of the breadfruit leaves against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The manufacture of the breadfruit leaf extract was using a maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. The result of the tube test and the TLC test was positive, the breadfruit leaf extract containing flavonoids and tannins which have potential as antibacterial. The antibacterial test was carried out using the disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer test) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria incubated for 1 x 24 hours. The extract concentrations tested were 10%, 15% and 20%. The positive control was using erythromycin antibiotics and the negative control was using aquades. The identification of the chemical content of plants is done by tube test and the TLC test. The results of incubation of the breadfruit leaf extract with concentrations of 10%, 15% and 20% against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, the average diameter of inhibitory zones respectively were 3.67, 3.50 and 2.67 mm with the positive control diameter of inhibition zone was 18.5 mm, the negative control diameter of inhibition zone was 0 mm. The results of incubation of the breadfruit leaf extract with concentrations of 10%, 15% and 20% against Escherichia coli bacteria, the average diameter of inhibitory zones respectively were 5.33, 3.17 and 3.33 mm with the positive control inhibition zone diameter of 28.5 mm and the negative control of inhibition zone diameter of 0 mm. The activity of ethanol extract of the breadfruit leaves against the Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria is included in the weak category.
Optimum Conditions for Extraction of Antibacterial Compounds from Citrus Aurantifolia Fruit Peel Waste Rima Munawaroh
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v14i1.5779

Abstract

Citrus fruit peel is a major waste in citrus fruit processing industry. The research on extraction activecompounds of Citrus aurantifolia (lime) fruit peel waste and antibacterial activity assay has been done. Theaim of research was to get optimum condition to extract their active compounds which have antibacterialactivity. The dried lime fruit peel was extracted by maceration method using ethanol 48%, 72%, and 96%.The dried and fresh lime fruit peel were also extracted using ethyl acetate. Antibacterial assay was done bydiffusion agar against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. The resultshowed that optimal condition to extract antibacterial compound using fresh sample with ethyl acetate assolvent. The ethyl acetate extract of fresh sample was more active against S. aureus than E. coli.
Ethanolic Extract of Papaya Leaves (Carica papaya) and its Fractions have no Potential Cytotoxicity on T47D Cells Ratna Yuliani; Faisal Syahdeni
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 17, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v17i1.10760

Abstract

Breast cancer is one type of cancer that causes high mortality rate in women. Plants produce secondary metabolites with a wide range of activity, one of which is as an anticancer. This research was conducted to investigate the cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract of papaya leaves (Carica papaya) and its fractions on T47D cell line. Extraction of the natural compounds from papaya leaves was carried out by soaking the leaf powder in 96% ethanol followed by filtration and solvent evaporation. Liquid partition was done to obtain hexane, ethyl acetate, and water fractions. The cytotoxicity of the extract and the fractions was tested using MTT assay. Identification of chemical compounds in the ethyl acetate fraction was conducted using a thin layer chromatography method that used silica gel GF 254 as the stationary phase and acetone and hexane (4:6) as the mobile phase. The MTT assay result shows that the extract does not inhibit the growth of T47D cells. The viability of T47D cells can be reduced by the hexane, ethyl acetate, and water fractions with IC50 values of 2,231.30, 557.33, and 2,112.81 g/mL, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction contains flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolics, and terpenoids. The ethanolic extract of papaya leaves and the fractions has no potential cytotoxicity on T47D cells due to high IC50 values.
PHYTOSTEROL CONTENT IN BENGKOANG (Pachyrhizus erosus) Endang Lukitaningsih
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 13, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v13i2.9

Abstract

Bengkoang has long been used by ancestors as a raw material for cosmetics. In Indonesia, it is usually eaten raw, sometimes with salt, lemon juice and powdered chili. However, scientific evidences that support the use of bengkoang have not been widely published. Phytosterols from the bengkoang root have been isolated and identified based on their NMR spectrum data and mass spectrum. The result of the structure elucidation informed that ß-sitosterol and stigmasterol are major components of phytosterol in bengkoang root. Phytosterol content was about 0.02% of dry weight bengkoang or 2.76 % in petroleum ether extract of bengkoang, with a ratio of ß-sitosterol and stigmasterol (65:35). Therefore, bengkoang can be further exploited as a raw material of phytosterol supplement.
Aktivitas Antihiperurisemia Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) Pada Mencit Putih Jantan Madyawati Latief; Indra Lasmana Tarigan; Putri Maya Sari; Fiolita Etsa Aurora
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 18, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v18i01.12880

Abstract

Hyperuricemia is a disease caused by an increase in uric acid levels in the blood. Currently, various treatments are developed by utilizing natural ingredients as an anti-hyperuricemia. Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) is one of the plants that contain a natural compound that can use as an anti-hyperuricemia treatment is the leaves of sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.). The aim of this study to determine the anti-hyperuricemia activity of the ethanol extract of Sungkai leaves. The test animals used in this study were male white mice Wistar strain. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 groups consisting of negative control (Na CMC 0.5%) positive control (allopurinol 10 mg / kg BW), treatment 1 (extract 125 mg / kg BW), treatment 2 (extract 250 mg / kg BW) and treatment 3 (extract 500 mg / kg BW). The parameters seen were uric acid levels measured using the POCT (Point of Care Test) method and analyzed using One Way Anova statistical analysis and Duncan's continued test. Our results showed that the treatment group with a dose of 125-500 mg / Kg BW reduce uric acid levels in mice. The best dose was a dose of 500 mg / Kg BW in reducing uric acid levels in mice with percent decline of 38.66%.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK ETANOL JAMUR LINGZHI (Ganoderma lucidum) TERHADAP KADAR HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) PADA TIKUS DISLIPIDEMIAPENGARUH EKSTRAK ETANOL JAMUR LINGZHI (Ganoderma lucidum) TERHADAP KADAR HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) PADA TIKUS DISLIPIDEMIAP Arifah Sri Wahyuni
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v12i1.41

Abstract

Jamur lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) termasuk dalam family Polyporaceae yang diketahui memiliki banyak manfaat untuk pengobatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental (pretest-postest control group design) dengan rancangan acak lengkap pola searah dan ditujukan untuk mengukur pengaruh ekstrak etanol Ganoderma lucidum pada tingkat HDL pada tikus dislipidemia. Terdapat 4 kelompok perlakuan masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor tikus yaitu kelompok kontrol normal, kontrol negatif, dosis 1 dan dosis 2. Kelompok kontrol normal diberi pakan standar sedangkan kelompok kontrol negatif, dosis 1 dan dosis 2 diberi diet tinggi lemak selama 4 minggu dan ekstrak etanol jamur lingzhi masing-masing 200 mg/kgBB (dosis 1) dan     400 mg/kgBB (dosis 2) selama 2 minggu secara per oral. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji Anava taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol jamur lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) dosis 200 mg/kgBB dan 400 mg/kgBB tidak mampu meningkatkan kadar HDL pada tikus dislipidemia Kata Kunci: Dislipidemia, kadar HDL, ekstrak etanol jamur lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum)
Hasil Skrining Aktivitas Sitotoksik Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelengkeng (Dimocarpus longan), Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura), dan Daun Alpukat (Persea americana) terhadap Sel T47D Dan WiDr Ratna Yuliani; Broto Santoso; Bella Permatasani; Diah Mukti Sari
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 16, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v16i2.9050

Abstract

Cancer treatments usually cause adverse drug reactions. Therefore, safe anticancer drugs are needed in the treatment of cancer. One source of medicine that can be explored is plant. Extracts of longan leaves (Dimocarpus longan), jamaican cherry leaves (Muntingia calabura), and avocado leaves (Persea americana) have been tested for cytotoxic activity against several cancer cell lines. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic activity of ethanolic extract of longan leaves, jamaican cherry leaves, and avocado leaves against T47D and WiDr cells and to identify secondary metabolites in the extracts which have the highest activity. Ethanolic extract of longan leaves, jamaican cherry leaves, and avocado leaves were tested for their cytotoxic activity using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. Identification of secondary metabolites in the ethanolic extract of avocado leaves was carried out by thin layer chromatography method using silica gel GF254 as the stationary phase and a mixture of n-hexane and acetone (6:4) as the mobile phase. Cytotoxic test results show that ethanolic extract of longan leaves and cherry leaves with concentration of up to 1600 μg/mL do not reduce the T47D and WiDr living cells to 50%. Avocado leaf extract decreases the percentage of living T47D cells and WiDr with IC50 values of  790.679 µg/mL and 1072.2 µg/mL, respectively. The ethanolic extract of avocado leaves contains flavonoid, phenolic, and terpenoid. Ethanolic extract of longan leaves, cherry leaves and avocado leaves do not have cytotoxic activity against T47D and WiDr cells.
Kajian Potensi Interaksi Obat pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Rawat Jalan RS “X” Kota Cirebon Nur Rahmi Hidayati; Rinto Susilo; Mila Anggraeni
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v17i2.12948

Abstract

Drug interactions are one of part of Drug Related Problem (DRP) which significantly affect the development patient health. This study aims to determine the characteristics of kidney failure patients (age and genitals), an overview of the number of potential drug interactions, an overview of the types and amounts of other drugs interacting, and the severity of drug interactions in kidney failure patients in the Outpatient of “X” Hospital Cirebon City. This study involves 126 patient prescriptions. This type of research is a non-experimental research with descriptive analysis method, and using data collection methods with prospective random sampling technique in the Outpatient of RS “X” Cirebon. The results of the research from 126 samples obtained showed that the characteristics of Kidney Failure patients were predominantly male as many as 64 people (50.79%), the most age was in the age range 61-70 years as many as 38 people (30.16%). drug interactions 78 sheets of prescriptions (61.9%), the most severity of drug interactions was the strict / significant monitoring of 128 events (64.65%), the average of drug interactions per prescription sheet was 3 interactions, the type and number of the most interacting drug was furosemide + folic acid with 32 potential interactions (41.02%).
PGV-0 AND PGV-1 INCREASED APOPTOSIS INDUCTION OF DOXORUBICIN ON MCF-7 BREAST CANCER CELLS Edy Meiyanto
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v12i2.32

Abstract

As chemotherapeutic backbone for breast cancer therapy, doxorubicin showed various side effects and induced resistancy of breast cancer cells. Development of targeted therapy on breast cancer focused on combinatorial therapy of doxorubicin and molecular targeted agents. PGV-0 and PGV-1, a curcumin analogue showed potency as co-chemotherapeutic agent with doxorubicin. Our previous study of PGV-0 and PGV-1 showed cytotoxic activity in T47D cells. Therefore, the aim of this research is to examine the synergistic effect of PGV-0, PGV-1 on the cytotoxic activity of doxorubicin through cell cycle modulation and apoptotic induction on MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. The cytotoxic assay of PGV-0, PGV-1, doxorubicin, and their combination were carried out by using MTT assay. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were determined by flowcytometer FACS-Calibur and the flowcytometry data was analyzed using Cell Quest program. Single treatment of PGV-0, PGV-1 and doxorubicin showed cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 with cell viability IC50 value 50 µM, 6 µM and 350 nM respectively. Single treatment of Doxorubicin 175 nM induced G2/M arrest. Single treatment of PGV-0 5 µM induced G2/M arrest while in higher dose 12.5  µM, PGV-0 induced apoptosis. Combination of doxorubicin 175 nM and PGV-0 5 µM induced apoptosis. Combination of doxorubicin 175 nM and PGV-0 12.5 µM also increased apoptosis induction. Single treatment of PGV-1 0.6 µM induced G1 arrest while in higher dose 1.5  µM, PGV-1 induced apoptosis. Combination of doxorubicin 175 nM and PGV-1 0.6 µM induced apoptosis. Combination of doxorubicin 175 nM and PGV-0 1.5 µM also increased apoptosis induction. PGV-0 and PGV-1 are potential to be delevoped as co-chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle modulation, but the molecular mechanism need to be explored detail.  Key words: PGV-0, PGV-1, doxorubicin, co-chemotherapy, breast cancer, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL AKAR PASAK BUMI (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) TERHADAP EKSPRESI PROTEIN p53 PADA KANKER PAYUDARA TIKUS BETINA SPRAGUE DAWLEY (SD) YANG DIINDUKSI 7,12-Dimetilbenz[α]anthrasen (DMBA) Laela Hayu Nurani
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v11i1.64

Abstract

Akar pasak bumi mengandung senyawa kuasinoid diduga mempunyai efek penghambatan karsinogenesis, antiulcer, dan antimalaria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian eksktrak etanol akar pasak bumi terhadap ekspresi p53 pada kanker payudara tikus betina yang diinduksi DMBA.Tikus dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok. Kelompok I, II dan III diberi ekstrak etanol akar pasak bumi dosis berturut-turut 100; 200 dan 400 mg/kg BB. Kelompok IV diberi larutan DMBA 20 mg/kg BB. Kelompok V diberi corn oil. Kelompok VI sebagai baseline. Tikus yang mengalami kanker, dihitung jumlah nodul tumornya dan pada minggu ke-23 semua tikus dikorbankan dan diambil jaringannya untuk pengamatan secara mikroskopik menggunakan metode HE dan imunohistokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata ekpresi p53 mutant pada pemberian ekstrak berturut-turut 100, 200 dan 400 mg/kg BB adalah 6,375 ± 4,07; 11,25 ± 16,53; dan 0,875 ± 1,75; kelompok  IV (DMBA) sebesar 13,125 ± 14,4; kelompok V (corn oil) adalah 1,375 ± 1,55; kelompok VI (baseline) adalah 0,375 ± 0,75. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol akar pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) dosis 400 mg/kg BB yang diberikan sebelum dan selama induksi DMBA mampu menurunkan ekspresi protein p53 mutant (proapotosis) dan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan kanker payudara tikus betina Sprague Dawley yang diinduksi 7,12-dimetilbenz(α)antrasen (DMBA).Kata kunci:  akar pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack), kemopreventif, imunohistokimia, ekspresi p53

Page 24 of 35 | Total Record : 345

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